As with any operating system from Microsoft, they are bound to crop up errors. You must have realized the same too. When you had bought the PC, it used to be blazing fast. But now, it is taking more than five minutes to copy a file from one partition to another. What had happened during this time? The exact same computer used to run good earlier. Now its performance has become abysmal. This is because of the various errors which occur naturally in the operating system. So how do these errors occur? We shall look into it in the next passage.

Some of the common reasons for errors cropping up in Windows operating environment are as listed:

• Improper installation of software programs. Improper uninstallation can also lead to unlikely consequences.
• Improper shut down of the machine after usage. Many resort to shutting down the PC by pressing the power button of the PC. This is an unhealthy practice and will cause much problems later.
• Installation of junk softwares. When we get the PC for the first time, we tend to install every software programs that crosses our path. With the due course of time, these programs will start occupying dedicated hard disk spaces and as the free space in the hard disk decreases (with the installation of newer softwares) its performance is also bound to reduce.
• Lastly, it may be due to a virus or spyware program, which is residing in the PC. Such viruses and spywares are designed to utilize precious memory cycles, processor cycles, and these rogue processes thus effectively take the processing power that is meant to be used for the proper running of the operating system.

All the above points will lead to various windows errors. So how do we minimize the errors being listed in the operating system. Certain tips are listed below

• Always let the software program install on its own. While the installation process is in progress, you might find the computer not responding. Do not do anything, let the process complete by itself.
• Always use the appropriate shutdown procedure for a proper shutdown of the machine.
• Resist from the temptation to install junk softwares on your PC. Remember that more programs = more junk = more problems in the long term.
• Always invest on a good antivirus software program to keep the PC safe from viruses. Free and paid products are available in plenty and you can choose one from the group.

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Windows protection error commonly occurs when you are shutting down the computer or when you are first starting Windows.

A number of factors can cause Windows Protection Error. Corruption of the systems registry is one of the leading causes of windows protection error, as is a problem with the system’s memory. A virus infection, a conflict in addresses or virtual drivers too can cause windows protection error, as can a problem with the system’s cache or incompatibilities between the computer’s basic input and output system (BIOS) and a device attached to it.

It is important to know what the precise cause of the Windows protection error occurring in your computer is, because its solution depends to a large extend on its cause.

If you ascertain that the windows protection error you are experiencing is being caused by corruption of the computer’s registry, you would need to run the System Registry Checker – which will normally alert you to the specific elements of registry corruption that are causing your windows protection error. It is not unknown, however, for the system registry checker to fail to detect some fatal instances of registry corruption, and the thing to do about this would be to restore your registry to a previous version (which is why it is always wise to back up your registry before undertaking any major changes in it).

If one the other hand your Windows protection error is being caused by a piece of hardware you installed and which is clashing with the computers BIOS, the thing to do would be to uninstall the hardware, and reinstall it correctly, and this tends to sort the problem in most cases.

Of course if your windows protection error is being caused by a viral infection, the thing to do would be to run your antivirus program to attempt to catch the culprit and destroy it completely. Better still, you are advised to keep your antivirus program always running in the background of your system so that it can always catch viruses that attempt to gain entry into your system. Clearly, if viruses are causing you the windows protection error this time, there is no telling what they will cause you tomorrow. And while still at it, it is advisable to regularly update your computer’s antivirus program – because viruses are always evolving to stay ahead of the anti-virus programs. In fact, if there is a way you can do it – perhaps by downloading from another computer – you are advised to first update your antivirus program before using it to fight the virus that is causing you the Windows protection error, because chances are that it precisely because the antivirus program is not up to date that it was not able to detect the very virus that is now causing you the windows protection error.

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Of course, no one would expect the installation of an operating system to be as easy as the installation of an ordinary computer application program because the operating system forms the platform on which the computer applications work, and the ease with which we are nowadays able to install application software actually has to do with the advances in operating system technology. What many acknowledge, however is that Windows XP version does come with a unique layer of complexity not previously encountered with other versions of Windows, and many people find this odd, seeing that Windows is marketed on a platform of being extremely user friendly. And because of the added layer of complexity in Windows XP – many people end up with one or another error code when installing Windows XP.

So what are you to do when you happen to encounter error installing Windows XP?

The first thing would be to check out the error code – and then cross check with Microsoft’s extensive knowledge base on what that particular error code denotes and what to do about it. Most of the errors that people encounter installing Windows XP have to do with them not meeting the minimum system requirements to install Windows XP, which is considerably more resource-intensive that its predecessors. For this reason, the operating system requires a given amount of computer memory, storage space and other resources in order for it to run successfully, and if you don’t meet these, then you are bound to encounter error installing Windows XP. Another common cause of the errors people encounter installing Windows XP is not having proper system privileges to install the operating system, and this generally occurs when you are attempting to install Windows XP from a server on a networked environment. In such environments, you are usually required to have network administrator privileges in order to do something as sensitive as installing or upgrading an operating system on a computer in the network, and where the copy of the operating system you are trying to install resides in the network’s server.

The second thing that you would need to do when faced with an error installing Windows XP – and where the Microsoft knowledge-base doesn’t seem to address your problem comprehensive would be to turn to the various forums on the Internet that are entirely dedicated to the subject of the Windows Errors. If you don’t know where to find such forums, you can simply type the search term ‘error installing Windows XP’ on your favorite search engine and it is likely to direct you to the numerous resources that deal with this subject.

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The windows memory error where the computer is unable to run the command prompt is mainly caused by the cache system consuming all memory addresses (these are usually reserved when the system is initialized) so that there are no virtual memory addresses left for operations like accessing the system’s command prompt – which in computing terms, actually constitutes opening another ‘virtual machine’ as Windows ‘sees’ it.

This problem tends to occur in the earlier versions of windows – most notably Windows 95 (for which support has since ceased), Windows 98 and Windows Millennium edition or ME as it is commonly known.

Paradoxically, one of the ways to resolve this Windows memory error – where the computer is unable to run the command prompt, is by reducing the amount of memory installed on the computer to 512 Megabytes, or less – given that the versions of Windows that tend to experience this Windows Memory error were meant to work with that level of RAM.

Rather than reduce the amount of memory manually though, you can also reduce the amount of memory that the systems virtual cache uses to less than the 512 MB we mentioned in the first approach. This can be done by accessing the system’s MaxFileCache setting (which can be found in the computer’s system.ini file), and this way, the maximum amount of virtual cache memory that the computer can reserve for other operations is reduced to 512 MB, leaving you with enough memory addresses that can be allocated to operations like running the command prompt, which as mentioned, constitutes another virtual machine in Window’s way of seeing things.

Alternatively, if you don’t want to change the MaxFileCache setting and don’t want to manually reduce the amount of memory in the system, you can leave the MaxFileCache setting as it was, and not limit the amount of memory in the system either, but rather through the use of the utility you use to configure the system limit its memory usage to 512 MB or less. This too, should in turn limit the amount of memory that the system allocates to Virtual cache, so that you are left with enough memory to undertake operations like running the computer’s command prompt.

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In this article we shall be discussing some of the common error messages which are being displayed on Windows 98. There are two versions of Windows 98, the normal version and the other Second Edition commonly referred to as Windows 98SE. Many users have reported that the error messages being listed in Windows 98SE is considerably lower than the normal version. So the author urges the reader to switch to Windows 98SE for more stability and added performance gain.

One of the vexing errors which are being displayed from time to time is the invalid page fault errors. These are being displayed along with general protection errors and Windows protection errors. You must still remember the 0E and 0D errors being displayed long back when you were using the OS as your primary OS. Lastly we must not forget the deadly kernel32.dll error messages which are generated from time to time. All these errors messages are being displayed on a window or on a black page which later came to be lovingly known as black screen of death. In the later editions of the OS, black paved the way for blue.

So now you know that there are mainly six different categories of error messages which are being displayed in Windows 98. Detailed explanation of each of the error messages which are being displayed for each category is beyond the scope of this article. This is because invalid page fault errors are in turn divided into 25 errors messages and listing of all these 25 errors messages along with the necessary remedies is cumbersome. But staying true to the title we shall be looking into some preventive features.

Invest on junk cleaner software which might help you in removing all the accumulated junk and temporary files in the computer. Fragmentation of the files might also occur with the constant hard disk activities. Investing on a good defragmenting software solution is also much recommended. The disks should be checked for disk errors and this can also be accomplished with the help of the in built or stand alone tools which are available exclusively for this purpose. Antivirus software and a firewall solution must be installed on the computer to keep malware at bay. It may be tough to find programs for Windows 98, so it makes sense to switch to an upgraded OS.

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Windows 32 error codes, as turned were sometimes as simple as single digit values. A good example of this is error code 0, also called success code, which meant that an operation had been completed successfully – making it an error code only in name. Then there was windows 32 error code 1 – which denoted an invalid function, while windows 32 error code 2 meant that the system could not find the file you had specified at the location you had told it that it would find the file. Windows 32 error 3 was similar to error code 2 in that it was about file processing, but in the case of windows 32 error code 3, the system could find the file you had specified, but could not open it. At a time when computer storage was rather meager on the whole, Windows 32 error code 8 was a very common occurrence – and was associated with the system not having enough storage space to process whatever command you had instructed it to do.

There were, of course, double digit windows 32 error codes, common examples being error code 25 which denoted that system could not find a specific area on the storage disk, indeed a very common occurrence at a time when computer storage was still very rudimentary. Windows 32 error code 28 occurred when you were attempting to print, and showed that the system printer was out of paper. Windows 32 error codes 53 and 54 were to do with network access – where error code 53 meant that the network path could not be found, while 54 meant that the network was busy.

Three digit windows 32 error codes include error code 111 – which showed that the file name you had specified for a file you were storing was too long, another common occurrence at a time when there were severe limitations on the number of characters a file name could accommodate.

There were even four digit windows 32 error codes – a common examples being error codes 1009 to 1014, all of which had to do with registry errors, at a time when the interaction of the user with some components of the computer like its registry was still rather close.

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Make use of the Windows XP startup:

Problems related to a Windows XP boot can be sorted out by inserting a Windows Startup Disk. The floppy disk needs to be placed well within reach so that when there are problems related to the OS, it can be easily solved.

For creating the Windows startup disk, you need to insert the floppy disk into the drive of computer which has been configured. Click on launch ‘My computer’and right click on the floppy disk icon. Then you need to select the Format command from the menu. Once the Format dialog box appears, ignore the default settings and then press the start button. Once the format operation is through, you need to close the dialog box. This would automatically give way to My Computer. The next step is to double click on the C drive so that the root directory is accessible.

Once the Windows disk is created, you need to insert the same into the drive. Press the Control, Alt, Delete keys so that the computer is booted again. When the PC is booted from the Startup disk, the PC would evade active partition and go ahead with booting files on the hard drive. The Windows XP gets loaded normally.

Last resort is Good Configuration

The OS can be booted with the help of a good configuration feature. This feature enables us to undo changes which have resulted in problems and errors. This feature takes care of the Registry key and also the backup copy of data.

Good Configuration feature can be put to use by restarting the PC. This can be initiated by pressing Control, Alt and Delete. When you hear the beep sound, you need to press the F8 key, which displays the Advanced options menu. Select the item from the given menu and click on the enter key.

You should remember that you get one chance with the Good Configuration feature. In case, this feature is not successful in reviving the Windows XP during the first trial, the copy which you have saved as a backup also gets corrupted.

Use System Restore

Another method which is effective in setting the Windows XP right is System Restore. The System Restore always works in the background and keeps a check on critical components. When an imminent change is noticed, backup copies are automatically created. They are referred to as Restore points. The System Restore gets configured automatically by default every 24 hours.

System Restore can be initiated by restarting the PC by pressing Ctrl +Alt + Del. When you hear the beep sound, you need to press F8. Go ahead and select the Safe mode from the given menu and then click on the enter key.

Once you have booted the Windows XP in the safe mode, click on the start button and then go ahead and access All Programs. Go ahead and select the System Restore.

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Opening of Windows Defender gives out message which states that new definitions have to be checked. In case this is what the current situation is like, then you should opt for Method 1.

When you want to check updates in the Windows Defender, you receive messages which are actually error messages which clarify the inability to check, install or download definition updates. If this is the situation you are facing, go ahead with Method 2.

The instructions mentioned in the article are basically for novices or for people who have hands on experience.

Method 1: The first and foremost step is checking out updates in Windows Defender.

The following steps need to be followed:

1. Begin the Windows Defender if it has not been started. For starting, you need to click on Start and then programs. The next step is to click Windows Defender.
2. For checking new definition, we need to click on Check for updates.

Method 2: This is for manual installation of update definitions.

Updates are delivered by Microsoft by using Windows update, automatic updates and Windows Server update.

Error messages are delivered because of problems related to Windows Defender. To identify the crux of the problem, you need to first install update definitions manually. In case you are successful in installing update definitions, it is for sure that the error is due to the Windows update problem.

Step 1: Start the computer, if you feel this would sort out problems.

You need to switch to Windows Defender. Make a note of the error code. This needs to be done on the Home page.

Step 2: The next step is to install update definitions manually.

Following steps need to be followed for installing the update definitions:

The Security portal needs to be visited at the websites.

In case the English windows version is used, you need to visit the Security Portal. Non English versions are also available. You could download the latest definition updates.

The steps need to be followed for both downloading and installing definition updates.

In case you are still facing problems of error messages, there is definitely a problem and you need to take help or support from a professional.

In case the problem of manually installing update definitions are solved, then the problem has been caused by Windows Update.

Step 3: The next step is verification of all Windows Update files.

The below mentioned steps need to be followed:

The Windows Update Website needs to be opened.

It is suggested that all updates need to be installed. Advanced Troubleshooting methods need to be tried out if the problem is not sorted out. It is possible that you might not be comfortable with Advanced Troubleshooting techniques. You could always take the help and guidance of an expert.

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Some error messages which are quite common are:

Windows protection error. Even while shutting down the computer, the abovementioned messages pop up.

This strange behavior could be a result of the loading or the unloading of the virtual device driver. In most of the cases, the VxD which was not able to either load or download pops up as an error message. In certain cases, we are not able to ascertain the cause of such a message.

Following are responsible for such error messages:

The difference in the real mode driver & protected mode driver and problems with the Registry is one of the main causes.

In case the common.com or the Win.com file is infected with virus or either of the two files are corrupt.

If there is a difference in the I/O address and RAM address.

Problems with the input and output BIOS – leads to the computer not working properly

Malfunctioning of memory or cache

Problems associated with the Motherboard

How does one resolve the problems associated with the error message?

First and foremost you need to boot your computer in the safe mode.

You need to press F8 key when you see the message and then opt for the Safe mode mentioned in the Startup menu.

Windows 98 / Windows 98 (2nd edition)

For starting Windows 98 in the safe mode, you need to restart the PC, keep the CTRL key pressed so the Start up menu pops up and then select the Safe mode.

Windows Millennium Edition

To start this program, the same method adopted above needs to be adopted. Keep the Ctrl key pressed, and then choose the Safe mode.

In case the computer does not give our error messages while starting the PC in the safe mode, then you need to go through some of the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base that is Windows 95.

Troubleshooting Start up problems and Troubleshooting Shutdown problems are clearly mentioned in the Microsoft Support software. You would be able to understand the causes for the problems if you go through these.

Windows 98 also has websites which answer queries related to Trouble shooting problems and startup problems. Site related to shutdown problems also is very informative.

Windows Millennium Edition has a similar site which attends to Troubleshooting start up as well as shutdown problems.

When receiving error messages while starting the computer in the safe mode, follow the following steps:

The computer needs to be booted from the Emergency Boot Disk. In case you do not have access to EBD, you could browse through articles on the Windows Millennium Edition. There are various articles which would guide you.

There are also articles on how to Create Windows 95 in MS-DOS. You need to apply the formula given in these articles with your OS

Suppose the computer is a Plug/Play PC, you need to complete the reinstallation of the Windows. You could also visit the Microsoft site which gives you an idea about how to go about installing Windows 95.

It also gives a description on the various trouble shooting steps which could be initiated if there is troubleshooting.

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The first category of windows 2000 errors that we give a look has what are referred to as Stop 0×0000000A Errors. Stop 00×0000000A errors typically occur when trying to use again a file handle that was previously in use, went out of use and which has since been freed again. It can also occur on stressed servers or after you install some pieces of hardware, common examples being a Hewlett Packard (HP) Scanjet 5100c or HP’s 5200c Scanner. Windows 2000 0×0000000A error could also occur when you are a using dial-up network/internet connection and is usually closely followed by your system showing signs of not responding to the connection.

Another category of Windows 2000 errors are what are referred to as Stop 0×000000AX errors. A notorious example of a Windows Stop 0×000000AX error is the one that has a specific error code Stop 0×000000A5, and this typically occurs when installing the windows 2000 itself, and is typically caused by non-compliance of the system specification required before you can install windows 2000 – though quite bafflingly, it can occur even to people who feel that their system is compliant with all Windows 2000 pre-installation requirements.

Then we have another category of windows 2000 errors, these being Stop 0×000000Cx errors. A windows 0×000000Cx can typically occur when you attempt to uninstall the computers Systems Management Server, and is usually followed by the computer hanging or stopping to respond – a situation which can only be resolved by the ctrl-alt-del key combination in the short term, as you try to find resources to fix the underlying error. A windows 0×000000Cx error, specifically error code ‘stop 0×000000CE is known to occur when you attempt to make the move from Windows NT to the operating system in question here, Windows 2000.

Another common Windows 2000 Errors category is made of what are referred to as Stop 0×000000Dx Errors a common specific example being error code Stop 0×000000D1 error, which typically occurs when you attempt to save something to a floppy diskette in a computer running the operating system in question, Windows 2000. Another error in this category, though relatively uncommon is Stop 0×000000D1 – which typically occurs when you are using the Transfer Control Protocol and Internet Protocols on which the Internet is built for network communications.

A good place to find the specific solutions to each of these windows 2000 errors – and many others not addressed here, would be to visit Microsoft’s knowledge-base on the Internet, where they have lots of articles enumerating the solutions to the errors. If you feel that the answers in the knowledge base are somewhat inadequate, you can consider visiting one of the numerous web forums on the Internet that are entirely dedicated to the subject of Windows errors and where you can get to see what other people in a situation similar to yours did.

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