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	<title>Vimoh's Blog</title>
	
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		<title>People of a divided sky</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/kA80SdoyFWg/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/people-of-a-divided-sky/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Feb 2010 15:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atheism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[perspective]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sky]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stars]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[story]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sun]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[theism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[viewpoint]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/people-of-a-divided-sky/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Once upon a time, on a world not very different from this one, there lived a race of people with very short memory spans. They remembered nothing of yesterday, and only very little of what had happened a few hours ago. Their view of the world therefore, was mostly limited to what was happening now.
One [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Once upon a time, on a world not very different from this one, there lived a race of people with very short memory spans. They remembered nothing of yesterday, and only very little of what had happened a few hours ago. Their view of the world therefore, was mostly limited to what was happening now.</p>
<p>One popular debate that raged among the people was about the existence of the sun and the stars. During the day, one group sang praises of the sun and laughed at those who spoke of the night sky and the stars. They said that all that needs to be seen can be seen quite clearly in the light of the sun. Anyone who, in spite of the sun’s very real presence, insisted on believing in fairy tales about a so-called star-studded night sky, was clearly delusional.</p>
<p>After sunset, the other group praised the stars while singing and dancing under the beautiful night sky. They ridiculed the sun people and asked them where their sun was, now that the glorious stars had appeared to prove them wrong. Revelling under the starry sky, they denied the importance, and even the existence, of the sun. They declared that the stars were all anyone should ever need and that no sun could ever stand against the sheer awesomeness of the night sky.</p>
<p>There was a third group on this world, a relatively small minority of people. This was composed of those who knew of dawns and twilights. They knew that while it was true that the sun lit everything up when it was out, it also blinded people to the beauty of the stars. They also knew that even though the night sky was beautiful to behold and brought them much joy, it wasn’t really much of a light source, especially when compared to the sun.</p>
<p>They did their best to point this out to the day people and the night people, but nobody much listened to them. And thus, the quarrels went on as surely and as frequently as the sun rose and set.</p>
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		<title>On pain and pleasure</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/9yK4eEAYz-g/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/on-pain-and-pleasure/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Jan 2010 17:35:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Theories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[emotion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[feelings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pleasure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spectrum]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/on-pain-and-pleasure/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Exceptions aside, our experiences can be generally classified into two broad categories – the painful and the pleasurable. All we feel are pain and pleasure, through different means and at varying intensities. Pain is something we tend to avoid, and pleasure is something we try to get more of. We generally consider the two as [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Exceptions aside, our experiences can be generally classified into two broad categories – the painful and the pleasurable. All we feel are pain and pleasure, through different means and at varying intensities. Pain is something we tend to avoid, and pleasure is something we try to get more of. We generally consider the two as being opposites of each other.</p>
<p>Recently, over a plate of spicy chaat, I was struck by an anomaly in this classification. Is the taste of chilly a pain or a pleasure. It hurts the tongue for sure, but not too much. And everyone seems to like it that way. <em>So it is a pain that gives us pleasure.</em> We don’t avoid it. We actually stuff our roadside snacks with chilly and then proceed to stuff our mouths with those snacks until we can take it no more and have to get a drink of something cold.</p>
<p>Now consider the feeling of being tickled. It is pure torture. Fingers poke your sides or your armpits and you jump. The experience, when continuous, causes you to double up with laughter. But it is most definitely not pleasurable. I remember being in a state of continuous fright as a kid when around my elder cousins, who were prone to poke me in my side without warning. I went to great lengths to safeguard my ticklish parts.</p>
<p>Why is this so?</p>
<p>I don’t know. But I have a theory (as usual). I think pain and pleasure are essentially the same thing. If a little pain is pleasurable and a lot of pleasure is painful, then it probably stands to reason that we have in-built barriers against states of zero pain and absolute pleasure. Perhaps pain and pleasure are two ends of the same spectrum.</p>
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		<title>Why is there suffering in the world?</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/q4tAsSVRGbc/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/why-is-there-suffering-in-the-world/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 Jan 2010 08:33:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[About God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[faith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atheism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[friction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[happiness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[suffering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[universe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[world]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.vmohanty.com/?p=750</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One point about the world that is often brought into the debate about whether God exists or not is suffering. What sort of God would watch as his creation rips itself apart with violence? What kind of God would let his followers die of pain?
The people who ask this question are often the ones that [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One point about the world that is often brought into the debate about whether God exists or not is suffering. What sort of God would watch as his creation rips itself apart with violence? What kind of God would let his followers die of pain?</p>
<p>The people who ask this question are often the ones that take the metaphorical version of religion – mythology – to be all there is. They imagine God to be some kind of “guy” (a big huge, all-pervading guy, but a guy nevertheless) sitting somewhere up in heaven passing judgment on all that exists in this world. They ask what he could be thinking when he unleashes terrible trauma upon them. Some imagine him taking joy in it all. As someone recently said to me on Twitter, “God, if he exists, is a sadist bastard.”</p>
<p>The error in this is obvious. Human beings have a bloated idea of their own importance. And our imagination assigns human characteristics to everything. So a storm becomes cruel, an earthquake becomes murderous, a wild animal is seen as a devious monster. This is mythology &#8212; a subjective way of looking at the universe. So God, according to this view, becomes something with human proportions, human attitudes, human tendencies, and even a human appearance.</p>
<p>More importantly though, I think what makes people complain about suffering is the belief that they are somehow the centre of the universe. It is the same belief that people had back when they thought that the Earth was the centre of the universe and everything revolved around them. It is the same belief that caused Socrates to drink poison and the findings of Galileo to be challenged. They chose to look at the big picture. But people simply refuse to come to terms with the fact that they are only a small piece of a puzzle that is far greater than them.</p>
<p>Look around and you will find that everything suffers. The breakfast you had this morning caused some life form – either vegetable or animal – to die. Millions of germs die every time you sneeze. You hurt grass every time you walk on it. Animals either kill and eat each other, or they die of starvation. It is suffering both ways. Life progresses by feeding on itself &#8212; science calls it the food chain. That is the way the world works. You are not only suffering, you are also causing an equal amount of &#8220;suffering&#8221; to the world around you.</p>
<p>In fact, if you pay it even a little thought, you may conclude that this is the only way the world can work. If we use a machine metaphor for the world, we find that suffering is merely our subjective view of friction. No machine can work without friction. Things need to rub against each other, corrode each other, in order for any machine to work. Without friction, there would be no machine.</p>
<p>People who ask, “Why can’t all the suffering just go away? Why can’t we all just live in peace?” are wishful thinkers. They don’t realise that in order for the world to even exist, someone or the other must suffer. What we call suffering is subjective. We only get sentimental about it because it happens to us, or to creatures we include in our idea of “us”.</p>
<p>Oddly enough, on the human level suffering serves to enhance the imagination. It makes man aware of his smallness and helplessness. It teaches him that he doesn’t matter as much as he thought he did. It makes him humble. It seems to say, “You are no different from that baby deer in the forest who was mauled to death by ravenous lions yesterday on National Geographic. It happens to everyone and everything. Get used to it!”</p>
<p>A child that hates school but is made to go anyway suffers. A guy who has to put up with a sour boss in office suffers. Someone on a deathbed waiting to die of a painful cancer suffers. It is all the same thing. Some suffer more, some less. The difference is of degree, not of kind.</p>
<p>Interestingly, man is the only animal that can work through suffering. While a crippling disease will truly &#8220;cripple&#8221; an animal, history is full of examples of human beings who made the world a better place in spite of their own personal suffering.</p>
<p>The scientist Stephen Hawking is paralysed from head to toe. The great Helen Keller was deaf, mute AND blind (my imagination fails when I try to put myself in her shoes). Beethoven was deaf (and he was a musician). These people not only did things, they actually did them better than others.</p>
<p>Reason? They didn&#8217;t allow their suffering to drag them into selfishness. They didn&#8217;t fall into the trap of thinking that someone up there is exclusively targeting them with misfortunes. They looked beyond themselves, into the world around them and decided to contribute to the betterment of the people around them.</p>
<p>Their suffering taught them a lesson, and they were intelligent enough to learn it.</p>
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		<title>The absolute truth</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/vhUiGaKsAJ8/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/the-absolute-truth/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Jan 2010 12:35:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Theories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[answers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atheism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[definitions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[solutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truth]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/the-absolute-truth/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When looking for answers, we tend to settle for definitive ones. It has always got to be either this or that, either here or there, either right or wrong. But the absolute truth is a perfect soup, isn’t it?
The problem with absolute truths is that the moment an exception shows up, they cease to be [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When looking for answers, we tend to settle for definitive ones. It has always got to be either this or that, either here or there, either right or wrong. But the absolute truth is a perfect soup, isn’t it?</p>
<p>The problem with absolute truths is that the moment an exception shows up, they cease to be absolute. And exceptions always show up. And because that is an absolute truth, there must be an exception to that too. And an exception to the statement that exceptions always show up can only be that somewhere out there, there is an absolute truth that has no exceptions. And then again, there would be an exception to that too.</p>
<p>See what I mean?</p>
<p>That God exists is an absolute truth. That there is no God is an absolute truth too. The answer, in my opinion, is somewhere in the middle. God is complicated, like the world is.</p>
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		<title>Did man create God?</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/Vk6KKvWmzQ0/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/did-man-create-god/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jan 2010 11:02:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[About God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[faith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[artificial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[creation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[deduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[douglas adams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[logic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[man]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[theory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/did-man-create-god/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the comments to one of my last posts, Ankur Banerjee pointed me to a beautiful speech (even more so because it was made impromptu) by the late Douglas Adams. It was about the possibility of there being an artificial God &#8212; God imagined by man to fill in gaps in his understanding of the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the comments to one of my last posts, <a href="http://www.ankurb.info/" target="_blank">Ankur Banerjee</a> pointed me to a <a href="http://www.biota.org/people/douglasadams/index.html" target="_blank">beautiful speech</a> (even more so because it was made impromptu) by the late Douglas Adams. It was about the possibility of there being an artificial God &#8212; God imagined by man to fill in gaps in his understanding of the world. In one part of the speech, Adams suggests that early man, when he found that the world suited him so much, imagined that it must have been made for him, and that whoever made it must love him a lot therefore.</p>
<p>Let me start out by saying that I am not at all opposed to this idea. I have pondered this angle a lot and have even explored it in <a href="http://www.mypajama.vmohanty.com/?p=252" target="_blank">a post I wrote</a> a few years ago. It is certainly possible that the idea of God came out of man’s mind and I would be lying if I said that this does not strike me as logical.</p>
<p>Having said that, let me also add that the idea does not negate anything in my belief system. I believe that God exists – either as an entity, or an idea, or a force, or a guy with a thousand arms and forty thousand heads – I don’t know. All I know is that he (or she or it) does exist. My personal definition of <em>existence</em> is very wide and allows for a whole lot of abstractions to share space with elements of the tangible universe. So when I say God exists, I may mean that he is in my head and that is quite enough for me.</p>
<p>But let us not make this about me. My interest in the question <em>how</em> God came to be is perhaps inferior to my interest in the question of <em>why</em> God came into being. The how-why divide may seem facile to some. So hear me out.</p>
<p>Regardless of whether God &#8212; a force superior to man &#8212; created him, or man imagined a superior force after he “just happened”, we are still faced with the inescapable presence of God in our lives, if not as a tangible reality, then at least as an idea.</p>
<p>My question is this (and try and think it over with an open mind): Why did man create God? Why did he imagine Him? What was the need for it? Why did he feel compelled to find a meaning in the world around him that there was no physical need for?</p>
<p>Animals don’t do this. They get along just fine without bothering with the meaning of things. Why is it only man that has this need to imagine things, to tell stories, to wonder about things higher than himself? Why does man have these fancy philosophical questions? Why does man feel humbled? Why is he always looking up? Why do we personify nature? Why do we imagine the wind to be a god? Why do we imagine the sea to be the thousand-eyed Varuna? Why to we consider the earth our mother?</p>
<p>Some will label it delusion of the mind. But I think that is simplifying it far too much. Imagining things is not an option that we exercise. It is a very deep-rooted human tendency. We indulge in little acts of imagination (acts of faith?) uncountable times everyday, mostly without even knowing it.</p>
<p>Many people cherish objects handed down to them by their parents. These can be a pen, or an item of clothing, or something like that. But to them, these are more than just simple objects. To them, these are something more. They imagine a higher meaning in them. Many people yell at their computer when it hangs. Many people find themselves considering certain places more significant than others – the house they grew up in, their first school, the bridge on which they kissed someone for the first time, etc.</p>
<p>These things, while they may not look related, demonstrate the same function of the human mind. Namely, the tendency to believe that the world is more than it appears to be. Belief in the existence of God is just a larger concept than imagining that the bridge on which you kissed your first girlfriend is somehow special and unique. It is all imagination.</p>
<p>My question (as if I have not asked it enough times already), is WHY. Why do we do all this? I have blogged before about our need for <a href="http://www.vmohanty.com/2009/why-do-we-have-rituals/" target="_blank">rituals</a> and <a href="http://www.vmohanty.com/2009/why-do-we-believe-in-strange-things/" target="_blank">superstitions</a>. Plus, there is <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1211511/Why-born-believe-God-Its-wired-brain-says-psychologist.html" target="_blank">scientific evidence</a> of our brains being hard-wired to be superstitious. But that doesn’t answer the question, it only adds to it. Why is man built this way?</p>
<p>For the purposes of this post, I will ignore the idea of God as creator, because we started off with Adams’ suggestion of God being an artificial construct. Thus, we end up with the theory that man naturally evolved from lower animals and got to be this way. But even so, the god-damned <em>why</em> remains unanswered.</p>
<p>If man evolved from lower animals, and lower animals lack the sort of rich imaginative tendencies that man has, does it not naturally follow that what we have is something superior to what they have? Does it not say that the ability to believe and the ability to imagine meanings and the tendency to see things for more than what they seem to be, is something that we gained through the marvelously complex system of evolution by natural selection? May it not be that we evolved to believe in God? And if we did, the question that follows inevitably is – why. Why did we evolve to believe in forces higher than ourselves? Why can’t we just live our lives like animals without wondering about our place in the universe?</p>
<p>I don’t have an answer. But I will not pretend that the question doesn’t exist. So in order to show respect to the question, I will proceed to make some logical deductions.</p>
<p>Let us consider the human body to be a computer. It is a fascinating machine, capable of amazing feats. It boggles our minds. We grow curious and start exploring it. As time passes, our understanding of the computer grows better and better. We get to its very basics. We discover that it is made of metal and plastic. We go even deeper, down to the circuits. We find what makes the software work. We then sit content in the knowledge that our understanding of the computer is complete.</p>
<p>But what we conveniently ignore is (brace for impact) the why. Why is the computer there in the first place? Why is such amazing software installed on it? For what purpose? Ignore the question about who made the computer if you want to. What we should at least wonder about is why it exists at all.</p>
<p>This is, in fact, the single greatest philosophical question that has obsessed man since the beginning of time. Why does anything exist at all? What is the point of it? <em>The name religion gives that reason, is God</em>. Plain and simple.</p>
<p>And the question is not as hopelessly unanswerable as it may seem. We have the computer and we know what it can do. We know that there is an operating system (the soul?) and a web browser on it (imagination?). Does it not naturally follow that there may be a web out there, waiting to be browsed? I mean, why would we be given an Internet Explorer if there were no Internet to explore?</p>
<p>I think the problem here lies with our temporal way of seeing things. Humans have very definitive ways of defining concepts like &#8220;beginning&#8221;, &#8220;end&#8221;, &#8220;creation&#8221; etc. And as we have learnt more, these definitions have been challenged and, in many cases, demolished. For example, our ideas about &#8220;up&#8221; and &#8220;down&#8221; disappeared the moment we ventured into the weightlessness of outer space. Could it not be that the limitations of time (as we understand it) do not apply to the force that created us? Why does God have to be something that came &#8220;before&#8221; us? After all, there are objects in the known universe that mock &#8220;time&#8221; all the time (black holes for example).</p>
<p>The other idea is to look at the God concept as something resembling music. Music, as we know it today, didn&#8217;t exist till humans came around. But we definitely didn&#8217;t create music. It has always been around. What we really did was perceive it in a way that none had done before.</p>
<p>Why can&#8217;t this be the way man &#8220;created&#8221; God? The force that made all things may have always been around. All man did (when he got around to being able to do so) was perceive him with a faculty only he possessed &#8212; imagination.</p>
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		<title>The difference between natural and supernatural</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/vmohanty/~3/_GhAE4hu9Oc/</link>
		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/the-difference-between-natural-and-supernatural/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jan 2010 15:29:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[About God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[miracle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[perspective]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[supernatural]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[viewpoint]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Some time ago, during a debate about God as creator, I found myself running into a wall with my atheist opponent who kept refusing to acknowledge anything “magical”. Funny thing was, I wasn’t even talking about anything magical. I was only suggesting the possibility that something intelligent may have created the universe. My friend kept [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Some time ago, during a debate about God as creator, I found myself running into a wall with my atheist opponent who kept refusing to acknowledge anything “magical”. Funny thing was, I wasn’t even talking about anything magical. I was only suggesting the possibility that something intelligent may have created the universe. My friend kept insisting that the idea of something magical having created the universe was preposterous.</p>
<p>He was making the common mistake of equating higher intelligence with magic. He probably wouldn’t have resisted my suggestion as vehemently if I had said that an intelligent alien race created the universe. It was the word <em>God</em> that he wasn’t comfortable with.</p>
<p>But this disagreement pointed me in another direction. I realised that we tend to label a lot of concepts as ‘supernatural’ without a second thought. Things that science can’t explain are labeled supernatural. Ideas that are not reflected in scientific literature of the time are labeled supernatural. The God concept, of course, gets thrown into that pile as well.</p>
<p>Basically anything that isn’t part of the tangible, knowable, visible universe; is classified as supernatural. But it is not a valid classification, is it? <em>The mistake we make in making such a classification is assuming that nature is only made up of things that we know</em>. We mistake our view of the world to be the absolute world. We confuse the subjective with the objective.</p>
<p>A few centuries ago, the idea of man flying across continents in minutes may have been labeled supernatural. People recovering from utterly destroying injuries was supernatural some time ago. Now, thanks to advancements in medical science, such events are seen as perfectly natural. History has repeatedly rewritten our definitions of what is natural and what is supernatural. Our view of nature keeps expanding as time passes.</p>
<p>Religion, sadly, has often encouraged the facile divide between natural and supernatural. God has been put on a pedestal and his images have been lined with armies of priests specialising in incredibly complex rituals. What should have been man’s direct line with God has been turned into a veritable industry with all manner of middlemen telling you how to go about finding God. God has been taken from his rightful place – that is inside man – and imprisoned in an imposing “out there” and “up there” structure.</p>
<p>In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Power_of_Myth" target="_blank">The Power of Myth</a>, Joseph Campbell describes the nature of the killing idea that the modern world has come to refer to as the supernatural:</p>
<blockquote><p>The idea of the supernatural as being something over and above the natural is a killing idea. In the Middle Ages this was the idea that finally turned the world into something like a wasteland, a land where people were living inauthentic lives, never doing a thing that they truly wanted because the supernatural laws required them to live as directed by their clergy. In a wasteland, people are fulfilling purposes that are not properly theirs but have been put upon them as inescapable laws. This is a killer.</p></blockquote>
<p>I myself used to think of God as something beyond nature. But when you actually think about it, there is nothing magical or supernatural about God or the so-called miracles. They are only aspects of reality we haven’t been exposed to yet. Once you understand them, they simply melt into the natural, becoming parts of it.</p>
<p>The divide between what we call natural and what we consider supernatural roots from the tendency to see certain things as being “beyond this realm”. In truth, there is no realm other than this one realm. It is only our faulty and limited understanding of reality that causes such bogus divisions. At the end of the day, there is only one universe that contains it all.</p>
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		<title>Death proves the soul’s existence</title>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 09 Jan 2010 20:45:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[About God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[faith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atheism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[belief]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[energy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hinduism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[soul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spirit]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Many religions say that what fuels us is something indestructible and, for all practical purposes, invisible – the soul. Hinduism believes that all living creatures &#8212; from the tiniest of germs to largest of the redwood trees &#8212; have a spirit energy fuelling them. This invisible field of energy does not end when the body [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Many religions say that what fuels us is something indestructible and, for all practical purposes, invisible – the soul. Hinduism believes that all living creatures &#8212; from the tiniest of germs to largest of the redwood trees &#8212; have a spirit energy fuelling them. This invisible field of energy does not end when the body is destroyed. It merely leaves the body, to return later on in another one.</p>
<p>Without going into the dynamics of reincarnation, karma, and the whole train of concepts that lie in that general direction (perhaps I will go there some other time), I would like to propose an argument in defense of the spirit/soul idea.</p>
<p>The scientific view of an organism is that it is a machine. A very complicated and highly developed machine, but a machine nevertheless. Science believes that all that is to be understood about an animal is in plain sight. All that we need are powerful enough instruments. Oddly enough, it is this very machine view that trumps science’s dismissal of the soul.</p>
<p>To me, proof of the soul’s existence lies in the difference between a living creature and a dead body. If organisms were simply a superior variety of machines, they would end in as straightforward a manner as machines do. But they don’t &#8212; there is a crucial difference.</p>
<p>Think about it. What differentiates a living being from a corpse? What really happens when we die? Machines stop working when a crucial function ends or when they run out of fuel. In case of humans, crucial functions end all the time. Accidents destroy vital organs, disease eats up parts of the body, various illnesses happen. But these are not the causes of death. If they were, we could (in theory at least) find cures to them and prevent death. What about the inevitable kind of death? What is it that causes a man to die of old age? What leaves him that does not come back?</p>
<p>We are told the body’s chemical composition changes, turning it from a life-supporting structure to something that is no longer suitable for the purpose. But truth be told, it is all guesswork. We don’t really know how chemical composition changes, or even if it does change. If we did, we would be able to change it back. If nutrition is what the body lacks, we would be able to give it nutrients and bring it back to life. If specific conditions are what caused someone to die, then we would be able to change those conditions and bring them back to life.</p>
<p>But we can’t do any of those things. <em>What differentiates an organism from a machine is that beyond a point, it cannot be repaired</em>.</p>
<p>None of the above “scientific” reasons are that crucial deciding factor between life and death. Science simply does not know what causes people to die. Conditions, failures, old age, accidents and diseases are mere circumstances. They do not cause death. Death happens when life leaves, whatever the reason. We can go ahead and make a list of things people die of and then proceed to find a cure for every single of those conditions, but people will still die. <em>Science can’t “cure” death for the simple reason that science does not know what causes it</em>.</p>
<p>What stands to logic however, is that something vital <em>does</em> leave the body at the time of death. Call it the immortal spirit, the pristine soul, life force, the <em>aatma</em>. Heck! Call it life if the other names sound fancy and magical – it doesn’t matter.</p>
<p>To be fair, it is entirely possible that one day there will be a scientific way to “see” this vital differentiator between life and death. But in order for that to happen, science has to start looking for it. Blunt denial of the soul’s existence will not get the job done.</p>
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		<title>How I came to believe in God</title>
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		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/how-i-came-to-believe-in-god/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 18:35:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[About God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[faith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agnostic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[atheist]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[belief]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[doubt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freewill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[god]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pascal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[viewpoint]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[&#8220;Doubt is the beginning of wisdom. BUT Faith will move mountains.&#8221;
The French philosopher Blaise Pascal once proposed something that has come to be known as Pascal’s wager. The theory goes to suggest that regardless of whether God exists or not, it makes more sense to accept him (or her, or it) as real. Pascal did [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>&#8220;Doubt is the beginning of wisdom. BUT Faith will move mountains.&#8221;</em></p>
<p>The French philosopher Blaise Pascal once proposed something that has come to be known as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_Wager" target="_blank">Pascal’s wager</a>. The theory goes to suggest that regardless of whether God exists or not, it makes more sense to accept him (or her, or it) as real. Pascal did it by calculating likelihoods and possibilities.</p>
<p>Since then, the wager has faced criticism and challenges from many quarters and has been accused of being impractical, illogical, pointless and other things. One particular criticism among these attracts me more than any other, mostly because I am living proof of it being untrue.</p>
<p>The criticism in question is that the Wager is rendered pointless by the fact that even if one accepts Pascal’s logic as valid and accepts God as real, he wouldn’t really be believing. He would be accepting God merely because his existence is more of a statistical possibility than his non-existence. It wouldn’t be real faith, it would be make-believe devotion.</p>
<p>What exactly is belief? Is belief in God any different from the momentary belief we exercise in the reality of a movie or a book when we are in the middle of it (and are probably in tears)? Does momentary suspension of disbelief count as “true” belief? Can we decide to believe? Is faith in God an option within anyone’s reach at any point of time?</p>
<p>There are those that would say yes and there are those that would say no – that faith can only be had through reason and evidence. I wouldn’t do either of those. Instead, I want to tell you how I came to believe in God.</p>
<p>I grew out of the norms of a traditional Hindu family quite early in life. I couldn’t see the point of spending large amounts of time in pursuit of beings whose existence was largely questionable. Sure, Shiva was meditating on Kailash and Vishnu was lying in the comfortable coils of a large snake floating in a sea of milk somewhere and Brahma was sitting on a lotus whose stem grew straight out of Vishnu’s belly button. It was all a lot of fun when I didn’t know any better. But then education happened and I realised that there was no Kailash and no sea of milk and no city of gods and no army of demons and no nothing. Anywhere. At all. They were all just stories.</p>
<p>Thankfully, I was never the sentimental type and the realisation didn’t hit me hard. I did however, grow openly dismissive of the God concept. The family didn’t care much for my disagreement as long as I toed the line (attending religious festivals, praying, chanting during ceremonies etc). But eventually, I couldn’t continue with the appearance of it either. I was not a hypocrite, I had self respect. I couldn’t lie and pretend to believe something I knew to be untrue.</p>
<p>I broke rank with the family on religious matters. I stopped paying even the rudimentary lip service to God and religion. The family, being the family, put up with it.</p>
<p>In the meantime, education continued to happen. My mind opened up to entire new worlds of knowledge and imagination. I devoured all manner of books from wherever I could. I read more of science, not because I disrespected the arts, but because I liked to have answers to my questions (and I had tons of questions). Science had all the answers. In due course of time, I did turn to fiction. But what I found was that all the arts gave me were questions.</p>
<p>These were not questions that could be answered with calculations or by putting two and two together. These were amazing questions. These were questions about me, about my identity, about this universe, and my place in it. These were the questions that drove me mad at first, and then taught me to accept them and to live in their shadow.</p>
<p>I remembered that long ago, religion had seemed to address these same questions. Questions about who we are, and where we came from, and why we are here, and where we go after we are done with whatever we are doing here.</p>
<p>I remained an atheist for quite some time after that, trying to balance the equation out in my head, and failing. I had refused religion on the basis that I could not live a lie. Now, for that very same reason, I couldn’t carry on believing that there was nothing more to the world than what I could see, feel, or judge based on existing evidence or extrapolation.</p>
<p>Atheism became a very unattractive place to be in – a place with walls all around. Not only did it not provide me with satisfactory answers, it even refused to acknowledge the questions as valid. As far as science is concerned, “Who am I?” isn’t even a valid question.</p>
<p>But my fancy philosophical quest didn’t even come close to pointing in the general direction of God. I was, for all practical purposes, an agnostic. I listened to people on both sides of the fence and tried to make up my mind. What if there is really nothing more to the universe than what science can show us? Were my prized questions pointless? Even if something resembling God did exist, what is the point of <em>worshipping</em> him? Why not go look for the creator from a scientific standpoint? Why is man obsessed with the question about who he is?</p>
<p>Being agnostic made me feel honest to myself. I didn’t know the answers, but at least I was admitting it – I was being open-minded. But realising God’s existence was going to take more than an open mind, at least in my case. It was going to take effort. It happened on a day when I was in my first job, in Mumbai.</p>
<p>I worked for a web portal (one of India’s biggest), as a sub-editor. My job involved updating the news headlines on the portal’s main page as and when things happened and reports came in (breaking news!). Most of the time, there were three people at work, given the sheer number of things one had to pay attention to all the time (maintaining web pages, updating headlines, editing news reports, updating SMS headlines). But on weekends, when the news cycle was slower, fewer people were on duty.</p>
<p>It was my first Sunday at work. I was going to be on the news desk all alone all day. I came in hoping against hope that I would be up to the task of keeping the whole system running all by myself. I also prayed (out of sheer habit) that no big news should break that day.</p>
<p>At around 10 am, news came in of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquake" target="_blank">massive earthquake</a> that rocked large parts of Pakistan and north India. Reports full of casualty numbers started coming in from various sources. Our correspondent in Srinagar called and breathlessly dictated a preliminary report – he was running towards his little daughter’s school building, which had probably collapsed.</p>
<p>Stuck with insufficient data and a correspondent who couldn’t have added much even if he had wanted to, I turned to the TV channels for help. Nobody on the screen had any idea what was happening. What little they had, our good correspondent had already told me. I began switching channels, hoping to find something new on the earthquake.</p>
<p>I found a news channel patching through the signal from PTV (Pakistan’s official state channel). What I saw was two gentlemen sitting in a TV studio &#8212; one was the anchor while the other was an elderly Mullah. Around them, the studio seemed to shake like mad and the cameraman was perhaps doing all he could to keep the camera upright. I saw dust falling from above them. The set elements behind them started to collapse as the show proceeded.</p>
<p>The two men, surrounded by this mayhem, looked ordinary – no different from each other. What set one apart from the other was the way they reacted to the chaos. The anchor fidgeted in his seat, wondering if he should get up and run out. But he was not sure if the danger was serious enough for him to risk looking like a fool on national television. So he stayed where he was, undecided, doing nothing. He was getting up, sitting down again, looking around, asking if they should go, then looking at the Mullah, then deciding to get up again, and so on.</p>
<p>To me, he looked weak, unsure, and even pitiable. He also, for some reason, reminded me of myself. In contrast, the Mullah was the very image of peace and courage. He sat steady, chanting whatever he was chanting, paying no attention to the chaos around him. Till date, I have no idea what he was saying or thinking, but I do remember being struck by his calm. It was in complete contrast to what my mind contained. All I had were doubts.</p>
<p>I decided then, that I wanted to be him. I decided to believe in God. It sounded stupid to me even as I made the decision, but I figured that if deluding myself is what it takes to gain that kind of courage, then so be it. I will be delusional and I will believe in whatever religion wants me to believe in. I wanted the courage and calm of that Mullah and I wanted it at any cost. I couldn’t carry on being indecisive any longer.</p>
<p>How could I do this? It wasn’t that hard. I merely dismissed my disbelief like people do when inside a movie hall (and end up in tears, or angry, or moved). I figured the end result will be the same, that is, evoking of a feeling – courage and calm in this case. Never mind the fact that I was, in effect, pretending.</p>
<p>The decision took some serious effort on my part. I was actually committing to taking things at face value. That is the exact opposite of what years of scientific education had programmed me for, or so I thought.</p>
<p>As I proceeded with my self-imposed courses of studies, I found that what religion told me was not altogether as delusional as I had imagined it to be. Here was acknowledgment that the questions I had been grappling with were not aberrations. That many before me had asked these same questions and had walked the same path. Here was assurance that there was a world out there, just as I had suspected. Here was language I thought I had invented in my restlessness. I discovered the universe all over again, and it was far bigger than I had thought it to be.</p>
<p>In addition, I found God. I think what religion did to me was that it taught me the language God speaks. I found his presence in everything around me and actually felt him working through the world around me and speaking to me through it. I have witnessed events that I would have passed off as coincidence had they not happened in perfect synchronicity with each other, leading up to a goal I explicitly asked for.</p>
<p>Did I find my answers? A few yes, here and there, partially. Some more, I like to think, I am on my way to finding. But the larger understanding I have come to is that the world is perhaps far too big to span with numbers and equations. That some things do not translate to language at all and can perhaps only be understood with imagination. That the amazing storehouse of stories in our mythology serve to act as metaphors for a reality that defies words.</p>
<p>I am aware that this post does not do much by way of proving God’s existence. That was never my purpose. I don’t think that is even possible (although who knows, it might be). I only wanted to put down in writing my own personal quest for truth. I started off as a half-hearted believer, went on to being a radical atheist, moved on to be an agnostic, and then came to absolutely believe in the existence of God.</p>
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		<title>The meaning of Funsukh Wangdoo in 3 Idiots</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Jan 2010 12:22:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3idiots]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[happiness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[movie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[symbolism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wangdoo]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[I have just returned from my second watching of the awesome 3 Idiots and have perhaps come across something very interesting. To be on the safe side, I issue a spoiler alert here.
The movie tells the story of Rancho, a free individual who teaches his friends the meaning of life. He tells them that the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have just returned from my second watching of the awesome <em>3 Idiots</em> and have perhaps come across something very interesting. To be on the safe side, I issue a <strong>spoiler alert</strong> here.</p>
<p>The movie tells the story of Rancho, a free individual who teaches his friends the meaning of life. He tells them that the only way they are going to be able to do anything worthwhile in life is by, to quote Joseph Campbell, following their bliss. Throughout the movie, Rancho encourages people to do what gives them joy and promises them that happiness (succes in this case) will follow.</p>
<p>But Rancho’s real name is not Rancho, it is Funsukh Wangdoo. The name is thrown about carelessly at first and then comes to establish itself as something of key value. Towards the end, when it the name flashes on Chatur’s mobile phone screen, it hit me.</p>
<p>Funsukh is made of <em>FUN</em> and <em>SUKH</em> – demonstrating the message that sukh (happiness) follows fun. I don’t know if this was intentional but I have a strong hunch that it was. As for Wangdoo, I think that serves to indicate the whole “idiot” angle. People will call you a bangdoo (Hindi colloquialism generally implying idiocy) if you tell them they should break out of the beaten track and follow their hearts.</p>
<p>Have I mentioned how big a fan I am of meaningful character names in stories? I haven’t? Oh well. Now you know.</p>
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		<title>Human language and absolutes</title>
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		<comments>http://www.vmohanty.com/2010/human-language-and-absolutes/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 14:13:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vijayendra Mohanty</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Theories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[absolutes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[argument]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ideas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[language]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Here’s something interesting. I don&#8217;t know what it&#8217;s supposed to mean though. Perhaps nothing. Perhaps a lot.
Consider this sentence: &#34;Smoking is bad.&#34; The exact opposite of it, expressed by reversing everything except the subject (because the subject is what we are passing judgment on), actually means the same: &#34;Smoking isn’t good.&#34;
Try it with any absolute [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here’s something interesting. I don&#8217;t know what it&#8217;s supposed to mean though. Perhaps nothing. Perhaps a lot.</p>
<p>Consider this sentence: &quot;Smoking is bad.&quot; The exact opposite of it, expressed by reversing everything except the subject (because the subject is what we are passing judgment on), actually means the same: &quot;Smoking isn’t good.&quot;</p>
<p>Try it with any absolute statement and you will get the same result.</p>
<p>&quot;There is no God,&quot; becomes, &quot;There isn&#8217;t yes God,&quot; (ungrammatical, but you get the idea). “I will go home,” becomes, “I won’t not-go home.”</p>
<p>I keep wondering why it is so difficult to express delicate and nuanced ideas in simple language. No matter how I go about expressing the details of something largely intangible, I end up trapped in block-headed sentences. It’s always ‘either this or that’ or ‘either here or there’. Language simply fails at expressing middle ground logic and ideas.</p>
<p>Maybe language is flawed. Maybe it can’t be used for expressing anything less than absolutes. Maybe we can&#8217;t talk in nuanced ways. Or maybe this post is pointless and I am a nut.</p>
<p>I am merely ranting in frustration after something of a failure at expressing myself. If you don’t get it, feel free to ignore it.</p>
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