Check CPU/Processor Speed on FreeBSD

Get CPU info by sysctl;

shell> sysctl -a | egrep -i 'machine|model|ncpu'

hw.machine: i386
hw.model: Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 3.00GHz
hw.ncpu: 2
hw.machine_arch: i386

Get CPU info by dmesg boot message;

shell> egrep -i cpu /var/run/dmesg.boot

CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 3.00GHz (2998.50-MHz 686-class CPU)
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
 cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID:  0
 cpu1 (AP): APIC ID:  1
cpu0:  on acpi0
acpi_perf0:  on cpu0
acpi_perf0:  on cpu0
cpu1:  on acpi0
acpi_perf1:  on cpu1
acpi_perf1:  on cpu1
SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched!

Check Total Memory/RAM on FreeBSD

Get Memory/RAM information from dmesg boot message;

shell> grep -i 'memory' /var/run/dmesg.boot
real memory  = 1072107520 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1039966208 (991 MB)

MySQL Binary Log stores query event such as add, delete and update in a very details way. The Binary Log is used for two main purposes;

• 1. Replication between master and slave server, statement that has been made on Master server will later send it to slave server.
• 2. Recovery, certain recovery job required data stored in MySQL Binary Log.

MySQL Binary Log is located at the database’s root folder with the naming convention of mysql-bin.. Sample of the binary files as shown below;

Can I Remove MySQL Binary Log

Yes, as long as the data is replicated to Slave server, it’s safe to remove the file. It’s recommend only remove MySQL Binary Log older than 1 month.

Besides, if Recovery of data is the main concern, it’s recommend to archive MySQL Binary Log.

There are several ways to remove or clean up MySQL Binary Log, it’s not recommend to clean up the file manually, manually means running the remove command.

Remove MySQL Binary Log with RESET MASTER Statement

Reset Master statement is uses for new database start up during replication for Master and Slave server. This statement can be used to remove all Binary Log.

To clean up Binary Log on Master Server

shell> mysql -u username -p
mysql> RESET MASTER;

To clean up Binary Log on Slave Server

mysql -u username -p
mysql> RESET SLAVE;

Remove MySQL Binary Log with PURGE BINARY LOGS Statement

PURGE BINARY LOGS statement can remove Binary Log base on date or up to a Binary Log sequence number

Base on the binary logs example shown above, I would like to remove binary up to mysql-bin.000015

shell> mysql -u username -p
mysql>PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.000015';

Alternatively, you can remove the binary older than a specific date.

shell> mysql -u username -p
mysql> PURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE '2009-05-01 00:00:00';

Remove MySQL Binary Log with mysqladmin flush-logs Command

Another method is running mysqladmin flush-logs command, it will remove binary logs more than 3 days old.

shell> mysqladmin -u username -p flush-logs

Keep MySQL Binary Log for X Days

All of the methods above required monitoring on disk usage, to “rotate” and keep the binary logs for x number of day. The option below can be configured on MySQL’s config file, my.cnf

expire_logs_days = 7

Consider turning off MySQL Binary Log if MySQL Replication is not deploy on the database server and recovery is not the main concern.

I have additional 15GB if disk space now

Let’s start the installation and configuration.

Backup Your Cacti Files

Plugin Architecture will make some changes on some Cacti file, it’s recommend to backup Cacti’s core file before install Plugin Architecture. If Cacti application is monitoring thousand of routers, It’s advices not to backup RRA/RRD files together. Backing up RRA/RRD file will take up a lot of disk space and it’s time consuming. Log file folder can be excluded as well, since only the core files need to be backup.

Take /usr/local/share/cacti as the example of the located Cacti’s files, lets backup Cacti’s core files without RRA/RRD and log files;

cd /usr/local/share
tar -vzcf cacti-backup.tar.gz --exclude=cacti/rra/* --exclude=cacti/log/* cacti

After backup has been done, Plugin Architecture installation is ready to roll.

Install Cacti Plugin Architecture

Cacti Plugin Architecture can be downloaded from cactiusers.org. Documentation of Cacti Plugin Architecture installation is available on Cacti Users’ documentation wiki.

Install and Configure Thold Plugin

Refer to Cacti’s plugin installation, before installing Thold plugin, Settings plugin is needed for Thold plugin. Both of the plugin is available on Cacti Users website.

Make sure Thold plugin has been activated on include/global.php. Installation has been done, but Thold setting on is not show Cacti’s Setting page? Permission needs to be granted before Thold setting is shown on Setting panel. To do so, go to User Management, and select your username. On Realm permission, make sure Plugin Management is check.

Now Thold tab should be shown on Cacti’s Setting panel.

First and foremost, find out how many email is in the queue for a specific domain

shell> exim -bp | grep [domain name]
shell>
44m  1.7M xxxxx-000HXZ-4V 
          email@xxx.com
44m  803K xxxxx-000HZ0-0h 
          email2@xxx.com
44m   74K xxxxx-000Gzk-6M 
          email3@xxx.com

Alright, you have grepped the email which are queuing on your mail server, which delivered to your relay server on 44 minutes ago with the email id. To deliver the email to destination mail server

shell> exim -M xxxxx-000HXZ-4V
shell> exim -M xxxxx-000HZ0-0h
shell> exim -M xxxxx-000Gzk-6M

What is there are more than 50 emails? Here is a simple sample bash script showing how to deliver the email to destination email server.

EXIM=/usr/local/sbin/exim
GREP=/usr/bin/grep
AWK=/usr/bin/awk

MAILID=(`$EXIM -bp | $GREP [the-domain] | $AWK '{print $3}'`)

for item in ${MAILID[*]}
do
    echo "flush email ID $item"
    $EXIM -M $item
done

Sit back and relax, the email is being push to the destination mail server. Check your email logs to see delivery status.

Declare and Assign Value into Array

To declare an array in bash,

declare -a HELLO

To assign values into arrays

HELLO[0] = 'world'

To assign multiple values into arrays

HELLO=(hello world 'i am here')

To dump command line data into arrays

PROCESSID=(`ps ax | grep httpd`)

Output Values from Arrays

To output a value from an Array

HELLO[0] = 'world'
echo ${HELLO[0]}}
>> world

Loop through an Arrays and Output all the values

HELLO=(hello world 'i am here')

for values in ${HELLO[*]}
do
    echo "${values}"
done

For more advance scripting on Arrays, visit http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/arrays.html