SOLUTION A TO Z

Script to Migrate Users with home directory in Linux

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 16 Jul 2013 10:26:00 +0530

Generally Scripting help us to save our lots of time, which we spend in our daily day to day activity. It is very easy to create a script if you have a good understanding on command or if you know how to use your skill to make task automatic with shell scripting. But Good scripting not only include commands, it is the combination of logics, commands and your dedication to get the desire result from your script

Lets comes to the main section, Below is the example of simple script which migrate Users with their group and home Directory and move it on a temp directory , i.e move Then you can easily copy move directory and put it on your new Machine (New Linux Machine). or you can keep as a backup.

Please copy past below script in a file and named it as mig.sh,and give the executable permission to your script, I am considering here you know how to run scripts

Please use root user to run this script, becasue normal user will not able to read the password file.

********************Script begin you can copy past after this line ********************

#!/bin/bash

#### This script will use to migrate the users login and Data ######

id=500

pasd=/etc/passwd

grp=/etc/group

shad=/etc/shadow

grpshad=/etc/gshadow

### Make a Dir to put the migration files #####

mkdir move

#### Getting Details of the users comes between id and 65534 and move it in a file#######

awk -v L=$id -F: '($3>=L) && ($3!=65534)' $pasd >move/passwd.mig

#### Getting details of Groups between id and 65534 and move it in a file #########

awk -v L=$id -F: '($3>=L) && ($3!=65534)' $grp >move/group.mig

##### Now Copy Shadow File ##########

awk -v L=$id -F: '($3>=L) && ($3!=65534) {print $1}' $pasd | tee - |egrep -f - $shad >move/shadow.mig

########## Copy group shadow file ################

cp $grpshad move/gshadow.mig

###### Create a Backup of User Home Dir by compressing it with tar ############

awk -F: '{print $1}' move/passwd.mig >move/temp.file

awk -F: '{print $6}' move/passwd.mig >move/temp2.file

for user in `cat move/temp.file`

ho=`grep $user move/temp2.file`

tar -zcvpf move/$user.tar.gz --directory=`dirname $ho` $user

tar -zcvpf move/$user-mail.tar.gz --directory=/var/spool/mail $user

done

rm-rf /move/temp.file temp2.file

******************************Script End please don't copy this line **********************

Now login as root by executing command below
#su -l

and set permission to the mig.sh

#chmod a+x mig.sh

to run the above script you can use command

#sh mig.sh

#./mig.sh

Once you get the output of your script in move folder copy it on new Linux machine and start moving the home dir of users on desired location.

Please Note default location of user home dir is /home, if you required any other location then you can manually change the home with your newhome or you can use sed to change all at once in passwd.mig file

In New Linux machine

#cd move

untar all the migrated home dir present in the form of user.tar.gz in /home by executing command one by one for all the users

Please note :- you can untar the dir after adding user entery in /etc/password which is mention in next line.

#tar -zxvpf user.tar.gz -C /home/

Now copy passwd , shadow and group, gshadow files in case if anything goes wrong you can move to the original again

#cp /etc/passwd /etc/passwd.orig

#cp /etc/shadow /etc/shadow.orig

#cp /etc/group /etc/group.orig

#mv /etc/gshadow /etc/gshadow.orig

and append the data

# cat passwd.mig >>/etc/passwd

#cat shadow.mig >>/etc/shadow

#cat group.mig >>/etc/group

#mv gshadow.mig /etc/gshadow

Now restart or logout your machine to see the changes.

Thank you for Reading my full post

Virtualize Your Application with VM ware Thin Apps

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 9 Mar 2010 04:04:00 +0530

Virtual means not real, Virtualization means doing somthing Virtualy, with sharing of common resources.

Computer these days not meant only for calculation, most of our work depend on it. Most of us spent our valuable time in front of computer to make our work easy, we cant refuse if any body say our success is not possible without computer.
Well, if you want to make your work easier and somewhat more simpler, you will have to purchase a high speed and high processing Computer, which make your work very simple.

Along with good speed you always face a problem, of Reinstalling Operating System with all Applications, which always take a long time -- almost 2- 3 hours. So what you do if windows got corrupted. Well i will say, there is a way through which you can save almost 60% of your time during installation.
Now you thinking what Allahdin lamp i got, that i am saying you can save your 60% time. Its nothing just a thin Application.

VM ware is a common brand which always make their all software on Virtulisation, means sharing of physical resources without harming physical system, only you have to require some good configuration of system, I remember its VM ware Machine with it you can run a small network on an only a stand alone system, isn't it imaging.

Lets us Talk about its tool THIN APP, Just like other application of VM ware (VM ware Machine, server, Esx server, Virtual Desktop ), Thin App is also share a common platform of Virtulisation. It not only virtually run your application, even you can save there license and registration with in the application bundle. There is no need to insert the license again and again on every re-installation of OS, it just make a single Exe file which on click execute the program without installing it to the Hard disk

Let us take a look how to make a Autorun application with the Thin App:--

1. Install the VM Ware Thin App, on frash system, before to install other Application, when Installation complete click on its Icon to run.

2. Click on NEXT to proceed.

It actually scan your Installation directory (Program files)and registry to proceed further, If you think your system may take a diffrent path during installation then you may click on Advanced Settings, to select other drive also

3.When you select your default drive click at OK and then click at NEXT,

It will start its process of Prescan, which scan the directory which you allowed it to scan for changes, it will take some time. Once it give you option to click on NEXT then click at NEXT .

4. After a whole process, It will give you a option to Minimize the Thin app window and Install the software.

5. I am showing you a Example by just installing a Adobe Acrobat Reader 8, Just Install the software application

Finish the installation.

6. If your software require any product key, serial key then you should apply it too on the same time before Maximizing the window of Thin App, other wise Thin App capture only installed application without serial/ key.
After you done, Maximize the Thin App application, and click Next.

7. It take some time to capture the recently content installed at the system on "Post Scan Process" Just click at Next once it highlight the option of NEXT.

8. Once you click at Next, it will give you an option to select the installation files, it already selected by scanning, if you want a particular file out of all, then you can only choose that one and uncheck remaining.

9. Click Next To proceed, You see a window of project just like that.

Its nothing just for granting the right to open and execute the application. By default everyone have a right to execute it, you may select different user by clicking at Add. Here you find one more option of Sandbox Location, actually during Executing the program, it make some temp file to execute that, it has a collection of files needed it to execute, it automatically created when you click the application Icon to execute it. select anything as per your desire and click at Next .

10. It ask you to select the Isolation mode, its nothing just how to integrate with Operating system. Select any option and click NEXT

11. You can save your project at your desired path once it create a directory you never need to follow whole path again you simple have a option to built your application through only that project folder.

Along with the path, you will get some more options -- like installation of EXE ---you will get an option to built MSI, and Compression method.
One Excited thing I like about this software is that if you select Fast Compression, it never take too time to Execute the application .

12. Click on Next to Create the Object, Finally you get a option to built your EXE, Click on BUILT NOW, and click on Finish.

13. Search the Path where you saved your project, locate the folder BIN, and double click on it to open, you will find your whole EXE which you made.

You can Rename Bin folder as the name of your software and save it some where else.

14. double click on the icon of you application to open it.

As i already told you there is some limitation of Every software, it has also a limitation, if you trying to make EXE of your Drivers then you never do it, it has no effect on updates. If there is some requirement of your software, lets say if you install Office 2010 on windows XP it require XML 6.2, so if you make EXE of office 2010, then you must have a XML. 6.2 installed on the system which you trying to execute the office.

But over all its a very Effective tool to make and share application without installing and without corrupting the registry, of windows.

INSTALL WINDOWS FROM USB PEN DRIVE/FLASH DRIVE

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 21 Jul 2009 17:57:00 +0530

Installation through floppy is very common on Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 then CD\DVD were become very common on Windows 2000 and XP Installation , and still we are using the CD or DVD to Install our Operating system.Its sounds nice when you have a CDROM\DVDROM installed on your system, but whats that if you purchase a new branded PC or Laptop but it has no CD\DVD ROM. Don't eat your fingers its very simple, you can Install it with Flash drive I mean Pendrive.
Now your next question is How we can Install Windows through Pen drive, as we know it required a bootable media? well my answer is very easily then you ask How ? Just through this.

1. First download a software program WINSETUPFROMUSB0.1.1

2. It require:

Windows XP CD
USB DRIVE(Pen drive\ Flash drive)
Windows PC having CD\DVD ROM

3. After you get these things Install the software and you get then lunch it

4. Browse the source of Windows like you inserted a CD of windows XP and in Drive R:
5. Then Browse the USB Drive if it not apear autmatically then click on refresh buttone two three times.
6. after that click on HP format Tool and format it

7. Only by FAT32 file system.
8. Then click on "Close", and on WinsetupfromUSB click on "GO", It take little bit time. Now USB BOOTABLE MEDIA is ready.

INSTALL WINDOWS FROM USB PEN DRIVE

1. After it change the laptop BIOS boot sequence - Boot from USB ( Check the BIOS menual at the Motherboard book)
2. Now it start booting from USB Pendrive and give the screen

press ' Enter ' you get next screen

3. On Hiting ENTER if you not get this screen then press 'e' for edit command line

and select option 2 configfile /winsetup.list and press ' b' to boot it
4. Press 'Enter' on screen First Part of Windows XP Prof.After it windows start Booting through Pendrive, then it give you same option as you get through booting CD.

Note:- Just remember one thing when it show you the partition it display two drives, one is your HARD DISK and other one is your PEN DRIVE just check its size don't confuse on it, select the partition, or create the partition and follow the step, to know how to Install windows XP see the post Install windows XP

Remember It take lots of time to copy the files from pen drive to XP installation partition.

5. After copying the Installation files Windows restart the windows, again boot from Pendrive, and select option 2 'Second part of windows Xp prof. setup+ first time windows Start'.

6. Then GUI mode of Installation start and it finish the Installation, it take normal time, again it restart and you also have to select 2nd option to start windows first time.

7. When it start click on windows drive say it is D: drive (Remember you find two Removable disk on your system C: and E: , C: is your pen drive REM drive, select your first partition of hard disk).

8. Click on Tools - Folder Options -View - Show Hidden Files And Folder and also unchecked its two options 'Hide extentions for known file types and Hide protected operating system'

9. Click on apply and OK, after it you see some more files appear on the Windows drive click on Boot.ini file to open it

10. You find

Timeout=1 change it 30

rdisk(1) on line 3 and 5. change 1 to 0 see the above file screen shoot.

and click on save .

11. Then again go to Tools - folder option - view- and hide the hidden file and check its two options.now remove pen drive, restart the windows and enjoy the Operating system.

Note:- some time you get error

on step 2 screen 2 then restart computer and boot again and when you get the screen press 'e' to edit the option

select option 2 with arrow key 'chainloader (hd0,0/ntldr' and press ' b' to boot.

Download Your Feverate Linux Destro (Operating system) free.

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 6 Jul 2009 12:31:00 +0530

After a long search I found these Linux destro, some of them are very common, and everyone knows them
RED HAT, FEDORA, UBUNTU etc.

While I tried to give you a short description and a download link so that you can also use it on your PC.

FEDORA

Fedora is a Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. It is Based on RED HAT Linux and release in every 6 to 9 month period, actually it is a RED HAT BETA release. You can run all command which included in RED HAT.

DOWNLOAD FEDORA

UBANTU

Ubuntu is a community developed, Linux-based operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. It contains all the applications you need - a web browser, presentation, document and spreadsheet software, instant messaging and much more.

DOWNLOAD UBUNTU

OPEN SUSE

It is a free and Linux-based operating system for your PC, Laptop or Server. You can surf the web, manage your e-mails and photos, do office work, play videos or music.

DOWNLOAD OPEN SUSE

Mandriva

Mandriva is a developed linux, it include some free and trial software, one of them is WINE which can run windows applications on linux, or any exe file in linux.

DOWNLOAD MANDRIVA

KUBUNTU

Kubuntu is a free, user-friendly operating system based on the K Desktop Environment and on the award winning Ubuntu operating system. With a biannual release cycle and at least 18 months of free security updates for each release, it is the secure, stable computing environment

DOWNLOAD KUBUNTU

LINPUS

Linpus is an innovator and a pioneer in bringing user friendly open source solutions to the mass consumer market.Set up more than 10 years ago, Linpus has worked on open source solutions across numerous platforms and products, building up a reputation for engineering excellence, and evolving into a world class software vendor. We stand out by excelling in key areas important to both consumers and manufacturers alike: creative, highly intuitive user interfaces that are customized on a customer-by-customer basis to add real value; hardware integration expertise ensuring a flawless out of-the-box experience; and, unprecedented levels of on-site support and service.

It is one of my feverate Linux, because it include MPlayer to play media files of any formet and messenger, webcam, and many more great softwares. Many of Laptop companies include it in their machine ( Acer, Ban Q, Asus, Lenovo etc)

DOWNLOAD LINPUS

You can find many more free Linux Destro, but these are very common and you can enjoy it when you use them

Install Windows Over Linux

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 25 Apr 2009 18:26:00 +0530

Friends, as i already mention on my previous post that today laptops or Desktop of branded company have preloaded Operating system, so you must have to make some space or new partition on them to save your data.
If Linux is installed in your PC as a preloaded OS, and you don't want to delete that from your computer, but want windows to install over LINUX , then my post really help you.
Some one said its very difficult. and you have to install windows first then install linux like fedora, Red Hat over the windows. But nothing like that. just read my Posting you will succide 100%.

Lets take a example that Preloaded OS is Fedora Linux ,and you have 25GB Hard disk , It has two partitions like this

1       107M      /boot
2     24.93G                          LogVol00

logical volume is the default volume on fedora/redhat linux , beceause it is very easy to manage ( You can easily add and remove partition/ or space within it ).

To install windows you must make some space out of logical volume, Please read my previous post to make some space or new partition in Preloaded Environment

Shrink LV (Logical Volume ) default Installation group of Fedora/ Red Hat linux    and Resize Pre loaded Operating system

After reading it you are able make some space to install windows over it .
If you are trying to install windows server 2003, Vista or any other latest OS of windows, then just boot the CD/DVD and find the free space, and make partition on it and follow the online instruction, or its documentations

Rember only choose free space which you created, to install new OS, otherwise you lost your Linux. after booting from windows CD, it will display two partition one is around 100mb, other is windows fault tolrence don't touch them. Just after these two you see free space, just click on that and make partition

If you want to install 98, Windows 2000, or XP then may be it not show you any option directly to create partition or may be windows XP not boot from its CD then what to do.. don't worry. Just follow these steps, you need windows Xp CD , and a 98 CD..

Boot 98 CD with CD Rom Support. when you reach at A: promt then type "fdisk"

A:>fdisk
click 'y' to go inside the fdisk when it ask to do so

After a screen appear like this

just press 4 to display the forth option"Display partition Information"

It will display information of the partition of your hard disk, also display the status of partition ( active, dos / non dos and total space etc) .

see the partition which are active... it show two partition which are active then click "escape" button of keyboard and press 1 to creat new partition

It will ask "Do you want to give it full space to creat new partition........." press 'y' if you want to give it full space or 'n' to customize the partition size.

Now it creat a new partition click ok "may be it says it will need to restart the window to continue then press "ESC" and go at A:\> and write 'Restart' then restart the PC and boot again with 98 CD with above step
At A:/> type fdisk and now press 2 to make your partition active .

and press '3' to make 3rd partition active which u created recently.
now click on "Esc" again "Esc" to come out from Fdisk wizard and write command format c: with switches /q and /s
/q for quick and /s for transfer system file.
A:/>formate c: /q/s

It may say that quick format will not done, make it normal format, just press 'y' for yes, and find your CD Rom drive for windows 98 other then C: like here its E:

Note:- it will alocate a RAM drive after C: drive and after Ram drive you will find your CD ROM drive so don't confuse just check it by typing command 'dir' if it display the directory 'win98' that means it is your CD ROM drive.

Now enter command "cd win98" to change directory and "smartdrv" to install smartdrive

E:\>cd win98
E:\win98>smartdrv

Half of your work is done, now remove CD and insert Windows XP CD, find their Drive letter and write command 'cd i386' and 'winnt'

E:\.>cd i386
E:\i386>winnt

It will take some time to copy the files and after that it will restart and boot the system give it some time, now nothing to do just follow the steps on the screen

Note:- Don't format the partition, if it ask to format then just choose the option "Leave partition without format"

After windows Install then Insert your linux CD/DVD and click on Upgrade installation and just rebuilt the boot loader after that both linux and windows will work.

Note:- to know how to get linux back read " Recovering Grub Boot Loader "

If you do step wise then you definetly Install windows over linux, without loosing your preloaded linux .

Shrink LV (Logical Volume ) default Installation group of Fedora/ Red Hat linux

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 23 Apr 2009 16:17:00 +0530

Hi, friends, as I mention on my earlier post that today Linux is also going to popular OS. So the Computer vender generally ships preloaded OS like Vista, LINUX etc to the laptop or Desktop, and only give a single partition for work on which already system files are Installed with it they generally hide one partition called recovery Installation . If you get any problem get attacked by virus then with a single button you get back to your previous stat at which you purchased your PC. But what about your precious data , well it is lost.

If you get Windows as a Preloaded OS then you are very Lucky because you get many stuff or software related to create /resize partition (on internet some are free) , which can make a room ( resize your existing partition and make new partition) to save your data. And by chance you get Linux like Fedora red hat SUSE etc then you definitely suffer more for that I already mention what to do, for detail see my previous Resizing the Preloaded Operating system

Now come to the point If you try to resize the LV partition (Logical Volume) on generally fedora/ red hat then you has to do some extra command line steps. Don’t worry these are easy as GUI, but you have to do some labor.

follow these steps for easy configuration:--

Boot Fedora Installation CD/DVD at rescue mode

It take some time to go to rescue mode after boot , select keyboard layout and language, After that it ask you to choose the “NETWORK SETUP” so just skip it because there is no need to setup Network

New screen appear, which Inform you that “ The rescue environment will now attempt to find your Linux installation and mount it under the directory /mnt/sysimage” . Click “CONTINUE ”

If everything is Ok , then you get the screen like this

after clicking on “ok” you get Bash shell
Now type the “mount” command to see the file system mounted on mnt/sysimage, also use df –h to see the disk usage , write down the results because you really need that when you take next steps like volume used etc

#mount

#df –h

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is the LV group partition which you have to shrink so write down its size used space etc.Unmount everything under /mnt/sysimage and finally /mnt/sysimage itself. Use the "-l" option for umount if you get complaints about busy devices.

#umount /mnt/sysimage/boot

#umaunt /mnt/sysimage/dev

#umount /mnt/sysimage/proc etc

Now execute command “e2fsck –f” (e2fsck is used to check a Linux

second extended file system (ext2fs))and “resize2fs” with the size till

you want your new LV

#e2fsck –f /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

#resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 3G

Remember one thing LVM allocates space in 32MB chunks by default, the new size must be a multiple of the LVM extent size. Leave 20% free space on the volume so that all the files work well. Don’t shrink full file system.

Now type “lvm” and then execute the command “lvresize”

Lvm>lvresize –-size 3G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

3G means you want to shrink the partition till it becom 3G, you can use your own value like 20G , 10G as you want.

Now write "exit" and then again "exit". Here you done half of your work. At the LV group you created a free space. If you want only till that step then you leave it here, but if you want to make free space outside the LV group to install other OS then continue.

After writing “exit” at Bash shell system restart, so you have to boot it into rescue modea gain as mention above but now skip the step when it says it want to attempt to mount the system in mnt/sysimage directory.

Now you get Bash shell again, activate the LVM by the command “lvm vgchange –a y”

#lvm vgchange –a y

and execute command fsck –fc on /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 to update /etc/fstab directory.

#fsck –fc /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

If you have knowledge of Linux then there is a swap file system which is created after VolGroup00/LogVol00 that is VolGroup00/LogVol01 , so to make new room you have to first remove it and then again make it after the new LV. Don’t worry you just temporarily removing it
Execute command “lvm lvs”

#lvm lvs It shows you the exect size of your swap file say it is 1.59G

Execute command “lvm lvremove” , “lvm lvcreate” on /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01

#lvm lvremove /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01

#lvm lvcreat ---size 1.59G –name LogVol01 VolGroup00

#mkswap /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01

Now Check how much you can shrink it by executing the command “lvm pvs”

#lvm pvs

Write down the result

Now you can resize your /dev/sda2 physical volume to final size in between anything 10G to anything between 24.88G .

Execute command “lvm pvresize”

#lvm pvresize /dev/sda2 --setphysicalvolumesize 16G

If command fails then that means your shrinking size is too small because there are still allocated extents other then swap, move it like this.

Execute command “lvm pvs units s” ‘s’ for sectors it will display the partition size in sectors take note of PSIZE and execute parted to display the partion size in sectors (starting and ending ) and make note of that

Now here you already free the space within LV group, and shrink the boundry of the lv group, so you have just take start sector of LVM and reduce the end sector to shrink it but make safty mark after 64MB (131072 sectors) .

Execute command “parted”

#parted /dev/sda rm 2 (2 is s/no of partition)

And recreat the partition like this

#parted /dev/sda mkpart primary 208845s 40000000s

#parted /dev/sda set 2 lvm on

#parted /dev/sda print

Then execute the commands “fdisk –l /dev/sda” and finally fsck –fc to update /etc/fstab

#fdisk –l /dev/sda

#fsck –fc /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

Now you got space as you desire, It’s a example you can put your own values to make your desire partition space .

I get reference from these two posts so read these posts if at any point you not understand

How to shrink a default install LVM PV to create another partition

How to shrink your LVM root volume using rescue mode

Conficker.C Virus Truth or Rumor Spreading from 1 April

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 28 Mar 2009 11:51:00 +0530

A new virus Conficker.C also named as Downadup, will Start spreading from 1April. Well Who knows it’s a rumor or a True news but if it is Exactly a News then it will be very pain full experience of this year, for corporate sector. Expert says it is much more dangerous, then its other two forms ( Conficker.A and Conficker.B ), Its main target is Security Center of your System, its alone capable in blocking security update sites.

When it execute it will make its multiple copies to system folder in form of small dll files , which will randomly and independently execute itself, some time it drop a copy in Program Files, Documents and settings folders also. It will start automatically in startup, register itself as a service and start blocking to access the security sites, it block some services like Automatic Update (wuauserv), Background Intelligent Service(BITS), Windows Security Center(wscsvc), and Antivirus/Security services, so that it will do its work properly.

When it blocks all Security related websites, services then it start connecting with other threat, and malware websites and download updates from the sites, means it will invite more, virus, Worms, spyware to come on to your system and then also send information of your system, sperms mails from your system to other or on your system too. If in case you try to restore your system to back date then you unable to do so because it will already deleted all system restore points in your system after execute.

How you find that your system is infected with this virus?

Well no one know how it infect the system but check these to find is really your system is infected or not .

Check the services are disable itself :

wscsvc - Security Center
WinDefend Windows Defender ( In windows Xp and available already in Vista)
wuauserv - Automatic Updates
BITS - Background Intelligent Transfer Service
ERSvc - Error Reporting Service
WerSvc - Windows Error Reporting Service (available in Vista)

2. Check system restore point is created daily on your system or not

Click START--- RUN--- and type without quota “msconfig” and then click on LAUNCH SYTEM RESTORE --- and then RESTORE MY COMPUTER TO EARLIER POINT and click NEXT and see at right side is it showing you restore point or not .
You also reach at Restore settings through START--- ALL PROGRAMS --- ACCESSORIES--- SYSTEM TOOLS --- SYSTEM RESTORE
Or try START—RUN and type “rstrui.exe” without quota.

Check the registry value available if not then your system is infected.

HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer\ShellServiceObjects\{FD6905CE-952F-41F1-9A6F-135D9C6622CC}

Check Your antivirus software is updating automatically or not and check all the services of your antivirus is on and working or not.

If you found any of the issue that means your system is infected with the Conficker.C worm.

How to stop it to spread and make less impact of Conficker.C virus ?

To stops the impacts of the virus to spread just follow some steps:

First of all if it is connected with Network, Internet, Domain then disconnect it.
Try to install Some updated and newer version of antivirus software and then full scan your system .
Scan USB drive before backup data and transferring date because it start automatically after just insert in system
Try to start the disable services (RUN--- START--- type “services.exe” ) mention already.
If you suicide then update your system with MS08-067 patch and critical updates by manually download them.
If you not suicide then first format whole computer and scan it with Antivirus software(try to scan with bootable antivirus software cd then apply MS08-067 patch.
Install latest antivirus software and Change the weak system password with stronger and encrypted password which is harder to crack.
It will try to contact one or more of the following domains in order to download further (and, presumably, malicious) updates –

btddc.com, d34ft.com, 23drf.com, cscs7.com, mgaazz.com, hhgg3.com, trafficconverter.biz so make them block completely

Check the system periodically . to ensure it will not infected again.

For further reading see the posting ::::::

post 1, Post:2 Post 3 Post 4

Resizing Preloaded Operating System

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 14 Mar 2009 11:40:00 +0530

Laptops are more common machine these days, people spent huge amount to buy their desire dream machine. But most of the company sale their product with preloaded Operating System (Windows XP, Windows Vista, SUSE, Ubantu etc) and consume almost all the hard disk space on it, with no extra drive for the backup of their important data on his/her machine. That means if your OS corrupt everything on it will lost (your documents, files, images, video etc). They provide recovery drive, but that will only provide your operating system back not your whole data. One more problem I want to highlight, if you have Windows Vista or any Linux Version installed in your laptop then you are not able to install Windows over Linux and Windows XP on Windows Vista and not even duel boot them together then what to do to solve it.

Well every problem has a solution but to do it you have to search for it, but some time you have to pay for that, don't be surprise I am not saying to pay me, I am just saying those tools require money.. here I will explain how to RESIZE THE PRELOADED OPERATING SYSTEM DRIVE with Gnome Partition Editor(gparted) its a freeware tool, so don't worry for its payment.

To use it follow the steps:-

1. Download the GParted (Genome Partition Editor) Live cd.

2. Then Burn it with Nero or any ISO burner software on a blank disk.
3. Boot the GParted CD
4.

5.Select the basic settings like keyboard, language etc.

6. After it it show you your hard disk partition

7. Select your partition which you want to resize, right click on it and choose resize.

8. Enter the space you require or can pulls it to decrise the size

9. click on apply

10. Now some unlocated space is created, just select it to make new partion and right click on, click on NEW tab

11. Format it with any desire partition table NTFS, FAT, ext2, ext3.. etc

12. Click apply it take some time to complete the process..

13.Then shutdown it and use as usual your window new partion start showing on you mycomputer (in Windows) and new partition on desktop( in Linux).

3G Technology >> NEW BOOMING

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 30 Jan 2009 13:10:00 +0530

Hi, friends as we know India is launching the 3G Technology.. May be from the next year we start talking with 3G phones on 3G style . But what is 3G, this question come in your mind when you start using the Technology, well 3G is third Generation Technology.. thru this you can watch online Movies without buffer, play high resolution game, download Movies with high speed Wireless Internet, you can chat with video, you can send big files in few minutes, you can say enjoy every thing through your 6- 7 inch Mobil phone.. Well it is not a dream. This will come to true in some month or you can say some days.
Well after reading my above lines you are eager to know about this Technology, so after a long study I made a Word Document in which i mention some of keys, terms, and Explanation of this Technology
Download 3G India
Please Note it :- all the information i get on this Article thru Internet and many company sites.

Sify Broadband Internet in Linux

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 10 Oct 2008 12:01:00 +0530

Sify is the one of popular broadband Internet company, it clam to be high speed Internet connectivity to the Clint, they are using different technique to provide Internet connectivity. To do so you have to download there connectivity Clint software which is free of cost but you have to do some settings in your windows PC for connectivity ( you have to add ip , subnet mask etc.). at windows level, it is very easy but you fails to do so at Linux, because at Linux nothing is install and run on one click.

But if you think it is very hard then you also not correct, it is easy if you can do it step wise.

Note:- I am telling you the procedure to install the sify Linux Clint on fedora Linux, you can done on other Linux too.
To install the sify Internet Clint on the Linux see the steps

First you have to add static ip address on your Ethernet card to make basic connectivity with the sify server to do that click at System , Administration menu , Network or simply right "system-config-network" at the terminal window it will display the screen like this
After that double click on eth0 and you got this type of screen
Make some changes on it like first click on statically "set ip addresses" and enter the ip address which is given by the sify at the time of connection installation.
please check the option "Activate device when computer start" so that it will update it after rebooting (remember Linux show effects after rebooting).
after all these settings, reboot the system. After rebooting click on "Mozilla Firefox Browser" and write the site which is given by your sify isp to download the Clint software. for example " http://203.144.134.10:8080/
it will display a page of sify ftp on which you can download the Clint.
Know click on the "GNU/Linux users click here to download the Sify Broadband client"
it will display u other window on which you see two thing some ssl certification and a sifyclint.rpm(something like package) download it and copy/cut them and past it in any folder like in root, in home any folder.
now open the terminal window in graphical login in Linux, go to that folder for example
# cd \root
now check that all the packages are on that folder or not by "dir" command or "ls -al" command. when you sure that all the packages are present on that folder write the command
#rpm -ivh *.rpm
remember one thing download the rpm packages because it easily install. it start installing after completing installation. write command
#sifyconnect
it will display a small dialogue box, asking username password,
just type your password, username and enjoy the Internet

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sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 20 Sep 2008 13:25:00 +0530

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Add/ Remove Software Problem In Fedora or Redhat Linux

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 17 Sep 2008 10:07:00 +0530

Friends, I wanted to share something with you. I have fedora 9 in my home system. I select its complete packages during Installation. But after installation I am unable to find the DHCP server package in it. I tries to install it from my Fedora Linux DVD. but I get some repomd.xml file is missing.
Repomd.xml file is nothing it is a repository file which is store in "/etc/yum.repos.d" directory, you are thinking what is its work, actually this directory is the collocations of some repository files
like fedora.rep, fedora-update.repo, livna.repo etc, these file is useful when you try to update or install software through Internet, every repo file have a specific function, if you open them then you see their is some Internet( ftp ) link. whenever you try the software through the command
#yum install { for example #yum install dhcp}
it connect through the Internet and start installing the package. Yum command help to install compile , remove and give its dependencies file needed for the packages and make it ready to use.
But if you are trying to use through the Linux DVD then it fails and give the error that repomd.xml file is not found
Nothing to worry friends now i find its solution and it is very easy , just follow some simple steps

first go to the /etc/yum.repo.d directory and open it by double click on the directory (remember i am telling you the graphical method of doing this, you can also use it through command line)
then make a repo file and name it cdrom.repo
copy the following content to that file (without the line space)

[CDROM]
name=cdrom
baseurl=file:///media/dvd-rom/
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora
gpgcheck=0

line after line and save it . after that open your terminal window and write the commands
[root@fedora ~]# mkdir /media/dvd-rom
[root@fedora ~]#
[root@fedora ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/dvd-rom/
remember insert Linux Installation DVD on the DVD rom before these commands
after that disable all other repository files (repo files ) only make enable cdrom.repo (Write #yum --disablerepo=> or just click on the repo and at the "enable=1" change it to "0" )
and save file then close it
Now click at "ADD/ REMOVE SOFTWARE" and click on any software package, try it to remove and install
Some time it not directly remove or install from add remove that time you just check which package you want to remove or install
then click on the DVD and click on packages and find the name of the package after that copy it and past it in any directory
open terminal window
and write command "#cd at which package is store for example ( cd /etc/home )
#rpm -ivh *.rpm
it automatically start installing . You can also do this to reach the DVD/package/ and write command " #rpm -ivh " and enjoy the packages. To install the software through Internet you have to disable the cdrom repo and enable all other repos like livina, fedora , fedora update etc (only change enable=0 to enable=1 )

For More details click at http://fedoraproject.org/ or http://fedoraforum.org/

Recovering The Root Password

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:45:00 +0530

What to do, when we forget the password of root user in Linux , root is the administrator in linux, if any one forget its password then nothing to worry. Yes I am right you can easily recover it for that just follow the steps:-

Boot the computer with Linux Installation CD.
Enter into Linux Rescue mode by entering the command in boot screen" linux rescue" remember one thing many new Linux have a option at first booting screen for LINUX RESCUE command, and also don't forget that Linux is case sensitive. So try the command in lower case.
When the "sh" prompt is reached, enter the following commands to change root password. after # "chroot /mnt/sysimage "
after that "passwd" The above steps will prompt you to enter your new password.
enter the new password and enjoy again the Linux OS

THIS IS MY PERSONAL REQUEST DON'T TRY THESE STEPS FOR FUN IN YOUR COMPANY OR IN YOUR ORGANISATION IF YOU HAVE NO LEGAL RIGHTS

Enable and Disable the Internet Content Adviser in windows

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 7 Aug 2008 10:33:00 +0530

Some time we think that we not allow people to open Internet through our PC. Also due to some Adult sites we tries to block the Internet sites to display, for our Children. But we are unable to do that.
Actually this is very easy task, their is an option in Windows which facilitate this task, and you can do this yourself. Just read the article this will help you to do that...
Follow the steps to unable the password, which prompt you before open any site at Internet:-
1) Go to Internet Explorer and click on "Tools" at File Menu, then click at "Internet Options".

2) Now click on "Content" tab, and at the 'CONTENT ADVISER' click at ”Enable/ Disable" button.
3) Now click at "General" tab and set the " SUPERVISOR PASSWORD" (actually, whenever any one tries to open the site at Internet explorer then it asks for the password).
4) Above the supervisor password click at the box "Supervisor can type password a password to allow users to view restricted content" ( box should be checked ).

5) Now click at the "Ratings" tab and adjust the level of restriction to "0" (most restricted) if it is 4(lest restricted).
5) Click at "OK" and now go to "Internet options" at "Tools" in file menu --- then at "Content" tab and click at "Enable Button" for Content Adviser, It asks Password, Supply the Password and click at "OK"

After this , whenever a person tries to open the Internet then a pop up box appear which ask the password to open it, you can Disable it, just click at disable button at content adviser .

Recovering the Forgotten password of Content Adviser
By chance you forget the Password of Content Adviser (Supervisor Password), Then...
Nothing to Worry just follow the steps to Retrieve it :

Click at "START-- RUN" and write " Regedit"
Find "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"
then click at "SOFTWARE"--- "MICROSOFT"----"WINDOWS"----"CURRENTVERSION"----"POLICIES"
at policies click at "RATINGS" and at the right panel, find "KEY" and delete it .
Now go to explorer and click at "TOOLS " --- "INTERNET OPTIONS"---"CONTENTS" and do the same steps as above to setup "supervisor password".

Recovering Grub Boot Loader

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 28 Jul 2008 12:03:00 +0530

Just think you have 3 OS(operating systems ) in your computer (WINDOWS XP, WINDOWS SERVER and LINUX)
and you need to format or Need to repair your Windows XP or any other OS ...
I know you lost your all other two OS. ... Now it is very easy to recover ... just read these steps carefully... its quite easy any one can do this who know to install the windows or any OS

# first if you wanted to repair or Reinstall the XP then install it but don’t try to format other OS drive in which WINDOWS SERVER and LINUX installed.

# Then insert the Windows Server CD and restart the computer .. Make sure that the boot from CD\DVD option at the BIOS is on.

# After booting from CD it search the other windows and show the drives in which your XP and server installed but it not show Linux partition.

# After it don’t try to Install any thing just restart the Computer and see that u see all your xp and server chooses or not ... Mostly 98% it will show you again.

# After all its Linux turn... The recovery of Grub Boot loader is little bit hard but that not means you have to be expert for that .... just do these steps...

#Insert the Bootable Linux DVD or first CD of your Linux(any like fedora, red hat, SUSE , any)

# boot it from the Media after that it ask you to install & Upgrade the Existing Linux.., just click at Upgrade the existing

# It take little bit time and after that it show a screen in which it ask to make boot loader. Just think and select insert boot loader at MBR .. and click on ok

# It reinsert the Boot loader and after that it automatically restart the computer .. and you get your all three OS..
but remember one thing during this process.. u have to insert that Linux cd which Linux is already installed otherwise ... if it is latest one then it upgrade it or if it is older then may be it not work..

Drive not Open on Double Click to their Icon

sandeep.rohilla@ymail.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0530

Hi,
I know some time you are not able to get hiden files and folder when you click on Tools - in file menu- in that folder option - show hide files and also when you click on any drives to open it ask to open with other programm. This is very common problem due to some virus. So to solve this you just follow some simple steps ....
1) click on Start -- Run - and write - Regedit.

2) then Click on HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE.

3) and then Software -- Microsoft -- Windows-- Current version--Explorer--Advanced--Folder---Hidden--SHOWALL.

4) duble click at checkvalue (at right side window) and change its value 0 or 2 to 1

5) now close it and click at Start-- Run-- Write Drive Name (like c:) and click on ok

6) click at Tools at File Menu--- then Folder Options-- then View, click at "Show Hidden files and folders" along with it also click (to uncheck) at its options "Hide extensions for known file types" and at "Hide protected operating system files"

7) and click on ok. Now find the file Autorun.INX or somthing like same name and delete it, Restart the system it will open the drive on duble click again