A free and open Icon collection. Over 10,000 Unique Icons. Free for anyone to use on you computer, website or any other project. The library is not a theme. Its a centralized source for icons to cover all your needs. The goal is to cover all common apps, operating systems, mimetypes, devices, and country flags.

The icons includes application icons, flags, devices, OS etc, full list can be viewed at http://openiconlibrary.sourceforge.net

You can download them as Icon Package or Webapp Package and used them as per your need.

There goal is to

Offer a consolidated source of icons for people to custimise there desktop, as they wish, without relying of a single theme.

Happy designing/developing.

1) Check Already Installed RPM and Required RPM

Following command will check which rpm version is installed.

rpm -qa | grep php

The next command will show you all available version using yum. Be noted I am using atomic repository for my PHP upgrade and downgrade. But you can do this with any rpm hence yum provide you with lower version of rpm package. How to add atomic repository kindly see my following post

http://www.sohailriaz.com/how-to-update-php-on-servers-centosfedorarhel/

yum list | grep php | grep atomic

2) Install YUM Plugin

Issue following command to install yum-allowdowngrade plugin

yum -y install yum-allowdowngrade

3) Downgrade RPM Install

First you should be sure what rpm’s you are going to downgrade. For my list I will using already install PHP rpm package name with downgrade argument, which let yum to automatically use the lower version to install and remove the current version of PHP.

yum downgrade php-dba php-soap php-ldap php-mysql php-mcrypt php-common php-cli php-gd php-odbc php-xmlrpc php-snmp  php-bcmath php-imap- php-devel php-pdo php php-pgsql php-pgsql php-mbstring php-xml

The above command detect the lower version 5.2.17 at itself and give me option to downgrade the php version to 5.2.17. By giving y to start the installation, it removes the current php version, save the configuration files and install the older version of php 5.2.17. Which was than verified using following commands

rpm -qa | grep php

shows install php rpm with version, additionally you can use php command with version option

php –version

If you have any question please comment.

This can be either library or full package itself. We came to issue of upgrading PHP while it require to upgrade MySQL server. By issueing yum upgrade command stuck with conflict with already i386 version of install. By checking we found out both i386 and x86_64 version of rpm were install of MySQL. There is option available in rpm command to remove both of them. But our requirements is to remove only i386 version of MySQL rpm.

1) Get a List of i386 RPMs for MySQL

If I do only

rpm -qa | grep mysql

mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4
mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4
mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4
mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4
mysql-devel-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4
mysql-devel-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4

will give me both install of mysql with same name. So I will give it queryformat option to get out only i386 version of MySQL

rpm -qa –queryformat=’%{n}-%{v}-%{r}.%{arch}\n’ | grep ‘\i[3456]86$’ | grep mysql

mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386
mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386
mysql-devel-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386

The above command will bring MySQL rpm of i386 version install.

2) Delete the i386 rpm.

Now you can issue individual command to remove the found i386 rpm files.

rpm -e mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386
rpm -e mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386
rpm -e mysql-devel-5.0.77-4.el5_5.4.i386

The architecture at the end will cause only i386 version of rpm to delete.

3) Delete all i386 RPM Found.

If you wish you can delete all i386 RPM files found on your x86_64 install of RHEL, Fedora or CentOS. You can use following command to do so.

rpm -qa –queryformat=’%{n}-%{v}-%{r}.%{arch}\n’ | grep ‘\.i[3456]86$’ | xargs rpm -ev

If you have any question please comment.

Video at the end to demonstrate all commands.

1) Installing EPEL Repository

Use following command to install EPEL Repository

cd /usr/src
wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm

2) Testing

Use following command to see EPEL Repo get listed.

yum repolist
Plugin “refresh-packagekit” can’t be imported
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/metalink                                            | 6.1 kB     00:00
* base: centos.mirror.lstn.net
* epel: fedora-epel.mirror.lstn.net
* extras: centos.mirror.lstn.net
* updates: mirror.steadfast.net
epel                                                     | 4.0 kB     00:00
epel/primary_db                                          | 4.2 MB     00:00
repo id                repo name                                          status
adobe-linux-x86_64     Adobe Systems Incorporated                             2
base                   CentOS-6 – Base                                    6,294
epel                   Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 – x86_64     7,016
extras                 CentOS-6 – Extras                                      4
updates                CentOS-6 – Updates                                   466
vz-base                vz-base                                                3
vz-updates             vz-updates                                             0
repolist: 13,785

You can see above (bold line) about EPEL install and its now part of yum repository list. So now you can download any package listed in EPEL repository. For all list you can use following command.

yum list | grep epel | less

If you have any question please comment.

This can be prevent by using yum plugin yum-versionlock.

1) Install yum-versionlock

yum install yum-versionlock

Above command will install versionlock plugin to work with.

2) Configure yum-versionlock

We have one package installed named gnupg and has update available.

yum update gnupg
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit, versionlock
Setting up Update Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package gnupg.x86_64 0:1.4.11-3.fc15 will be updated
—> Package gnupg.x86_64 0:1.4.12-1.fc16 will be an update
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package        Arch            Version                  Repository        Size
================================================================================
Updating:
gnupg          x86_64          1.4.12-1.fc16            updates          1.3 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Upgrade       1 Package

Total download size: 1.3 M
Is this ok [y/N]: N

Now we will configure yum-versionlock to prevent this package to be update next time. All packages name goes into /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/versionlock.list with format you get from rpm -qa

rpm -qa | grep gnupg
gnupg-1.4.11-3.fc15.x86_64

either write the package name as above in the file or redirect the output.

rpm -qa | grep gnupg >> /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/versionlock.list

cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/versionlock.list
gnupg-1.4.11-3.fc15.x86_64

Now again try to update the same package.

yum update gnupg
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit, versionlock
Setting up Update Process
No Packages marked for Update

You can see it exclude this package for update. If you have any question please comment.

GnuPG is an opensource implementation of the OpenPGP public key encryption system. Public Key Encryption uses asymmetric encryption, in which a matching pair of public and private keys are used to encrypt or decrypt. A person who accomplished this has to generate two keys i.e Private Key and Public Key.

Private Key is the one kept by owner secretly and what is encrypt by private key can decrypt by the one who has the matching public key or what is encrypt by the public key by anyone can decrypt by the private key owner. Beside encryption it also verify that messages comes from the holder of the private or public keys.

1) Generate Keys

Use following command to generate Public and Private Keys.

gpg –gen-key

It will ask series of questions, you can answer as per your need but this is what I used for example.

Please select what kind of key you want:
(1) RSA and RSA (default)
(2) DSA and Elgamal
(3) DSA (sign only)
(4) RSA (sign only)
Your selection? Press Enter to have default RSA

RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.
What keysize do you want? (2048) Press Enter

Please specify how long the key should be valid.
0 = key does not expire
= key expires in n days
w = key expires in n weeks
m = key expires in n months
y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0) Press Enter
Key does not expire at all
Is this correct? (y/N) y

You need a user ID to identify your key; the software constructs the user ID
from the Real Name, Comment and Email Address in this form:
“Heinrich Heine (Der Dichter) ”

Real name: Sohail Riaz
Email address: sohail@sohailriaz.com
Comment: Press Enter
You selected this USER-ID:
“Sohail Riaz ”

Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit? o

You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key.
redhat

Use following commands to list your keys. You need to note the key-id to export your key. In below you can see the key-id after pub2048R which is ABF9DEAB.

gpg –list-keys
/home/sohail/.gnupg/pubring.gpg
——————————-
pub 2048R/ABF9DEAB 2012-02-16
uid Sohail Riaz
sub 2048R/68DA88B7 2012-02-16

2). Export Public Key

Use following command to export your public key.

gpg -a -o sohail-public.key –export ABF9DEAB

It will create a file named sohail-public.key on current location. Now transfer this file to your partner which you need to have it to decrypt or verify your files.

Where -a is to put output in text rather than binary format. key-id will ensure we are using same key.

scp sohail-public.key imran@192.168.122.152:

Now let your partner to import your public key.

gpg –import sohail-public.key

It will list your information with key-id. It has to noted it down or grep on every gpg –list-key whenever it need to encrypt file for partner sohail.

3) Encrypt and Decrypt the File.

Lets now test it by encrypting one file by imran using sohail public key and then decrypt it.

echo ‘This text is encrpted and can only be view by using sohail public key’ > decrypt-me.txt

gpg –encrypt -a -r ABF9DEAB decrypt-me.txt

It will create encrypted file with appended .asc extension. where -r will require to pub recipient name or key-id to whom this encryption has done.

ls
decrypt-me.txt.asc

Now transfer this file to your partner computer.

scp imran@192.168.122.152:decrypt-me.txt.asc .

Now decrypt the file on your computer.

First see what it contain.

cat decrypt-me.txt.asc

—–BEGIN PGP MESSAGE—–
Version: GnuPG v1.4.11 (GNU/Linux)

hQEMAy7GnyBo2oi3AQgAg1m/6bcLj+RZ4IKSr0HitWWyWc3mkIUkZ6KAMJnY2kSx
JmZ6e0Sc+D/D9CUy0cmD6PGQcO2LjfQvTKpPvups9Ug3mr9JCqJyjfeDb59uiKN1
8cvq2U0/OVppLb+yf4Z19OryuCdX2MlDdkmhlUaNbftWOA3YlYubi5Db0Fwl+e+X
nt6SZv51XnQ1wM3fsGN0q5+DAfPsIYtmRkDHvMkkdojkdO8Oxnj4LNu3/iFhgNTl

—–END PGP MESSAGE—–

Now decrypt and save output on a file named decrypted.txt, note it will require passphrase which you used while creating keys.

gpg –decrypt decrypt-me.txt.asc > decrypted.txt

You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for
user: “Sohail Riaz ”
2048-bit RSA key, ID 68DA88B7, created 2012-02-16 (main key ID ABF9DEAB)

gpg: encrypted with 2048-bit RSA key, ID 68DA88B7, created 2012-02-16
“Sohail Riaz “

cat decrypted.txt
This text is encrypted using sohail public key and can only be decrypt by sohail

For more options you can see man pages of gpg using following command.

man gpg

For any question please comment.

1) Check Bluetooth Service.

systemctl status bluetooth.service

bluetooth.service – Bluetooth Manager
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service)
Active: inactive (dead)
CGroup: name=systemd:/system/bluetooth.service

It shows my bluetooth is inactive (dead).

2) Activate Bluetooth Service.

First priority is to enable the service to be run on every startup, to do this use following command.

systemctl enable bluetooth.service

ln -s ‘/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service’ ‘/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service’
ln -s ‘/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service’ ‘/etc/systemd/system/bluetooth.target.wants/bluetooth.service’

Secondly you need to run the service to have bluetooth working on running system.

systemctl start bluetooth.service

Here you go, all bluetooth devices will be visible and can connected to your newly installed/updated Fedora 15.

Confused about systemctl command, please look fedora documentation.

[root@server1 ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 179
Server version: 5.0.77 Source distribution

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: mysqladmin
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 5
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000019
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 18816335
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000153
Relay_Log_Pos: 593
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000019
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB: test1
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error: Could not parse relay log event entry. The possible reasons are: the master’s binary log is corrupted (you can check this by running ‘mysqlbinlog’ on the binary log), the slave’s relay log is corrupted (you can check this by running ‘mysqlbinlog’ on the relay log), a network problem, or a bug in the master’s or slave’s MySQL code. If you want to check the master’s binary log or slave’s relay log, you will be able to know their names by issuing ‘SHOW SLAVE STATUS’ on this slave.
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 18337925
Relay_Log_Space: 479619
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

1) Get Log Filename and Position from Master.

To fix this we need two values from MySQL Master Server. i.e Master Log File Name and Master Log Position. To achieve this run following command on MySQL Master Server.

mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000020
Position: 5387330
Binlog_Do_DB: test1,test2
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

2) Fix Slave Server

To fix slave, first you need to stop slave on it and then run change master command with require values and start slave again to start working.

mysql> slave stop
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to master_log_file=”mysql-bin.000020″, master_log_pos=5382560;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

To check whether slave is OK or not, run slave status command on Slave Server.

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.252
Master_User: mysqladmin
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 5
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000020
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 5459989
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 77672
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000020
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: test1
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 5459989
Relay_Log_Space: 77672
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

and you can see that there is no Last error and Seconds_Behind_Master value is 0 indicates we are totally sync with Master.

1) Install RPMFusion Repositories

rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm

2) Install Broadcom Wireless Card Driver

yum install broadcom-wl kmod-wl

reboot the system to get modules get loaded. But when you try to scan using NetworkManager or wlaassistant, it show’s no wireless access point found. Even they are visible on computer desk available next to you.

3) Fixing Access Points not showing.

Its a quick and dirty fix from fedora forums.

vi /boot/grub/grub.conf

edit your available kernel lines and append intel_iommu=off in the end for kernel parameters.

kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.33.5-112.fc13.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_server1-LogVol01 rd_LVM_LV=vg_server1/LogVol01 rd_LVM_LV=vg_server1/LogVol00 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet

change to

kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.33.5-112.fc13.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_server1-LogVol01 rd_LVM_LV=vg_server1/LogVol01 rd_LVM_LV=vg_server1/LogVol00 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet intel_iommu=off

save the file and reboot the system again to get kernel to load following kernel parameter and bravo you can see the Access Points

vi /etc/pam.d/gdm

find following line

auth       required    pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

comment out by placing # at beginning to disable this check

#auth       required    pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

save and close the file.

vi /etc/pam.d/gdm.password

find following line

auth       required    pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

comment out by placing # at beginning to disable this check

#auth       required    pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

save and close the file. Now logout from terminal or GUI and relogin with root from GUI.