tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-90336139130424137892024-03-24T00:11:29.456-07:00Ecoclimax
Environmental notesEcoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.comBlogger1702125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-46210569823420283402024-03-21T09:12:00.000-07:002024-03-21T09:12:00.819-07:00Decades of Ocean Surface Temperature Data Reveal Intensifying Impact of Climate Change<p>Last year's alarm over <a href="Last year's alarm over record-breaking ocean temperatures has not abated. Recent data suggests that the concerning trend persists well into 2024. Reddit user u/SPY225 compiled data from The Climate Analyzer into a visually informative chart, highlighting the alarming surge in ocean temperatures. The line on the chart has already surpassed 21.2 degrees Celsius (70.16 degrees Fahrenheit), exceeding last year's peak. If this trajectory continues, we anticipate further unprecedented weather extremes, signaling a somber indication of our role as stewards of the Earth." target="_blank">record-breaking ocean temperatures</a> has not abated. Recent data suggests that the concerning trend persists well into 2024.</p><p>Reddit user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/dataisbeautiful/comments/1bddj0o/oc_global_sea_surface_temperatures_19842024/" target="_blank">SPY225</a> compiled data from the <a href="http://climateanalyzer.org/" target="_blank">Climate Analyze</a>r into a visually informative chart, highlighting the alarming surge in ocean temperatures.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBWvJErv-mV2tlpvK6FacZsGpZ6adsEvqSLaO5w9Urk8arSwLbUaNLjVJcpADb-uuZz_n6RigKJrFCmXPijdR30i6aM5Dp1SJE3lZttn1y-UsRRlash51DzhFpqqbirMzSvkd2eMq4r4gs-YpTM7m30gAS3SREnfyPXf9mGHEVybFjXeaWORF1hIsBJqg/s1291/global-sea-surface-temperatures.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="42-Year Analysis Reveals Disturbing Escalation of Ocean Surface Temperatures Amidst Climate Crisis" border="0" data-original-height="891" data-original-width="1291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBWvJErv-mV2tlpvK6FacZsGpZ6adsEvqSLaO5w9Urk8arSwLbUaNLjVJcpADb-uuZz_n6RigKJrFCmXPijdR30i6aM5Dp1SJE3lZttn1y-UsRRlash51DzhFpqqbirMzSvkd2eMq4r4gs-YpTM7m30gAS3SREnfyPXf9mGHEVybFjXeaWORF1hIsBJqg/s16000/global-sea-surface-temperatures.jpeg" title="Ocean Surface Temperatures" /></a></div><br /><p>The line on the chart has already surpassed 21.2 degrees Celsius (70.16 degrees Fahrenheit), exceeding last year's peak. If this trajectory continues, we anticipate further unprecedented weather extremes, signaling a somber indication of our role as stewards of the Earth.</p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-6337149076335977282024-03-10T09:26:00.000-07:002024-03-10T09:26:36.006-07:00The World's Fastest-Sinking Coastal Cities<p>Rising <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2015/11/global-cities-at-risk-from-sea-level.html">sea levels</a> pose a threat to the future of coastal cities around the world, but another major concern is the sinking of the cities themselves. Known as "Relative Local Land Subsidence" (RLLS), this phenomenon occurs when underground materials compact or collapse, causing the surface above to sink.</p><p>This subsidence can exacerbate the effects of rising sea levels, which are currently averaging 3.7 mm/year, making it a crucial metric to track for coastal communities.</p><p>Using <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-022-00947-z" target="_blank">research</a> that monitored changes in land subsidence in 48 high-population coastal cities located within 50 kilometers of the coastline between 2014 and 2020, <a href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/cp/visualized-which-coastal-cities-are-sinking-the-fastest/" target="_blank">Planet Anomaly</a> mapped the fastest-sinking coastal cities across the globe.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Key Findings:</h2><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Out of the 44 sinking coastal cities observed to be sinking faster than sea levels were rising, 30 are located in Asia.</li><li>Tianjin, China, and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, lead the list of the fastest-sinking coastal cities overall, experiencing peak Relative Local Land Subsidence (RLLS) velocities of 43 mm per year during the period under examination.</li><li>Among the 10 fastest-sinking coastal cities, the only non-Asian areas include Houston, US; Lagos, Nigeria; and technically, Istanbul, Turkey, situated across both Asia and Europe.</li><li>The study's authors highlight that many of the identified sinking coastal areas are "rapidly expanding megacities," with "high demands for groundwater extraction and loading from densely constructed building structures" cited as contributing factors to local land subsidence.</li></ul><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnBT2sJiVvzQToKUICwd-f6svV_xs_bmQRKoH2DpzFdEycQlA0j77BfRt3IrEOrJixM7Lx6gO6RT4QRvm8U4fzvEAMaKlKN5_Mu1tGOQr2njd1iDAnMvvH8GoeZVwfq7wT-b4VBbnGL8xPPSC9w1YF0hjVluTeo2vrKxdi1eve4m5kIoV-GNdz-nb2FU/s1685/sinking-coastal-cities.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Fastest Sinking Coastal Cities" border="0" data-original-height="1685" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnBT2sJiVvzQToKUICwd-f6svV_xs_bmQRKoH2DpzFdEycQlA0j77BfRt3IrEOrJixM7Lx6gO6RT4QRvm8U4fzvEAMaKlKN5_Mu1tGOQr2njd1iDAnMvvH8GoeZVwfq7wT-b4VBbnGL8xPPSC9w1YF0hjVluTeo2vrKxdi1eve4m5kIoV-GNdz-nb2FU/s16000/sinking-coastal-cities.jpg" title="Fastest Sinking Coastal Cities" /></a></div><br /><p>One of the leading cities on the list is <b>Tianjin</b>, China, with a population exceeding 14 million people. Certain areas of the city experienced peak Relative Local Land Subsidence (RLLS) velocities of 43 mm per year between 2014 and 2020. However, the median velocity is significantly lower, at 6 mm/year, indicating that some areas are sinking much faster than the overall metropolitan area.</p><p><b>Tianjin</b> is situated adjacent to Beijing municipality in the northwest and the Bohai Gulf in the east. In June 2023, significant cracks appeared on Tianjin’s streets due to underground land collapses, a consequence of extensive geothermal drilling, according to the local government.</p><p><b>Ho Chi Minh City</b> in Vietnam, with a population of 9 million, also contends with comparable RLLS rates as Tianjin, although its median velocity is notably higher at 16 mm/year.</p><p><b>Chittagong</b>, Bangladesh; <b>Yangon</b>, Myanmar; and <b>Jakarta</b>, Indonesia, complete the top five fastest-sinking coastal cities by relative land subsidence. All face similar contributing factors, as noted by the authors of the paper:</p><p><i>“Many of these fast-subsiding coastal cities are rapidly expanding megacities, where anthropogenic factors, such as high demands for groundwater extraction and loading from densely constructed building structures, contribute to local land subsidence.”</i> — TAY, C., LINDSEY, E.O., CHIN, S.T. ET AL.</p><p>Indonesia has ambitious plans to relocate its sinking capital, Jakarta, to another island, a move estimated to cost the Indonesian government more than $120 billion. This initiative follows forecasts suggesting that one-third of Jakarta could be submerged as early as 2050. Beyond the regular flooding, Jakarta is also highly susceptible to earthquakes.</p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-35454532929551182552024-03-08T05:07:00.000-08:002024-03-08T05:07:00.190-08:00Hippopotamus distribution in Africa<p>Hippos, scientifically known as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippopotamus" target="_blank"><i>Hippopotamus amphibius</i></a>, are fascinating creatures that inhabit the rivers, lakes, and swamps of sub-Saharan Africa. These semi-aquatic mammals are renowned for their hefty build, with adult males typically weighing between 1,500 to 3,200 kilograms (3,300 to 7,100 pounds) and measuring up to 3.5 meters (11.5 feet) in length, while females are slightly smaller. Despite their imposing size, hippos are surprisingly agile both in water and on land.</p><p>These animals boast a unique adaptation: their eyes, ears, and nostrils are located high on their heads, allowing them to remain mostly submerged while still able to see, hear, and breathe. Hippos are predominantly herbivorous, feeding on grasses and aquatic plants during the night, when they venture onto land in search of food. Their thick, barrel-shaped bodies are well-suited to their aquatic lifestyle, allowing them to spend most of their days submerged in water to regulate their body temperature and avoid the scorching African sun.</p><p>Hippos are social animals and typically live in groups of up to 30 individuals, led by a dominant male. They communicate with each other through vocalizations, including grunts, honks, and bellows. Despite their seemingly docile nature, hippos are considered one of the most dangerous animals in Africa, responsible for more human fatalities than any other large mammal on the continent. They are fiercely territorial, especially when it comes to defending their waterways and grazing areas.</p><p>In terms of life expectancy, hippos typically live for around 40 to 50 years in the wild, although they may live longer in captivity. Their natural predators include lions, crocodiles, and humans, who hunt them for their meat, ivory-like teeth, and hides. Conservation efforts are underway to protect hippos and their habitats, as they play a crucial role in maintaining the health of aquatic ecosystems throughout Africa. From the lush riverbanks of the Nile and the Zambezi to the murky waters of the Niger and the Senegal, hippos are an integral part of the African landscape, symbolizing the rich biodiversity and natural wonders of the continent.</p><p>The map below shows the distribution of hippos in Africa.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggk9grtF6isZa43mrW6VJv7pU-7RTC2p_E6Ooupz3Yv3RUXP2PvK6trYtDhjS_zg21-3TOggz5O5anOfDyoTPEmMsJTR5dhyphenhyphenqA5tpSIzhU8Rj6urUDC0TmxtXXS2qwvOX9i3G0jyVNN3QwwaZDu_UGsWG3Q_3o6lISyPe8Cg-QJAVTkh7ux0A33COZQt4/s1143/Hippos.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hippos in Africa" border="0" data-original-height="1143" data-original-width="1024" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggk9grtF6isZa43mrW6VJv7pU-7RTC2p_E6Ooupz3Yv3RUXP2PvK6trYtDhjS_zg21-3TOggz5O5anOfDyoTPEmMsJTR5dhyphenhyphenqA5tpSIzhU8Rj6urUDC0TmxtXXS2qwvOX9i3G0jyVNN3QwwaZDu_UGsWG3Q_3o6lISyPe8Cg-QJAVTkh7ux0A33COZQt4/s16000/Hippos.png" title="Hippos in Africa" /></a></div><br /><p>Want to know more about hypopatamas? Pay attention to these books.</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/4amABID" target="_blank">Hippopotamuses (Amazing Animals)</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3wLtAlW" target="_blank">Hippos Are Huge!: Read and Wonder</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-629478920479438812024-02-29T06:36:00.000-08:002024-02-29T06:36:28.037-08:00French Artists' 1899 Vision of Life in the Year 2000<p> Atomic physicist <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr" target="_blank">Niels Bohr</a> is famously quoted as saying, <i>“Prediction is very difficult, especially if it’s about the future.”</i> Yet despite years of inaccuracies, magazines persist in publishing think pieces on where we might be in the coming decades or centuries. It provides us with a sense of hope, even though inventions like personal jetpacks and moon colonies are long overdue.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidXIODQqama5vMUImvvgI8j4MRj6vWHRgRhDsGmmsdViQIyYpbbVRM-UPz6q7-IdF5gnU7C6c8-3GiApPQ51s0wJTdjZpEDiqAKHsR3y6pirJHaDgtyfLeB40M-AbFrsW8O1PZxBXBzlv9or0urOwMHk0kZsUKqpoMf_ZKKu3kraxUwsJ5RiawcK7FBNI/s800/France_in_XXI_Century_School.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="At school in 2000" border="0" data-original-height="499" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidXIODQqama5vMUImvvgI8j4MRj6vWHRgRhDsGmmsdViQIyYpbbVRM-UPz6q7-IdF5gnU7C6c8-3GiApPQ51s0wJTdjZpEDiqAKHsR3y6pirJHaDgtyfLeB40M-AbFrsW8O1PZxBXBzlv9or0urOwMHk0kZsUKqpoMf_ZKKu3kraxUwsJ5RiawcK7FBNI/s16000/France_in_XXI_Century_School.jpg" title="At school in 2000" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPZJzlUwpY4SAlveVFqdr7J2chzB1YB6KtuDgCoQsYwuxdNmxQveJtSeHKdcuIin9ecw2CL6sLJhO415Prh3YWS5Mrl9dFgUmEK7oRFvKxO_hljNFzR30vHzMMPxtMCDgw3GHgfKZbf53sIJ8_5tXz5voNMsbyE1CBQesZGcOpOxaZK5q6e6LWqXibUD8/s1672/CINEMA.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="At cinema in the year 2000" border="0" data-original-height="1040" data-original-width="1672" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPZJzlUwpY4SAlveVFqdr7J2chzB1YB6KtuDgCoQsYwuxdNmxQveJtSeHKdcuIin9ecw2CL6sLJhO415Prh3YWS5Mrl9dFgUmEK7oRFvKxO_hljNFzR30vHzMMPxtMCDgw3GHgfKZbf53sIJ8_5tXz5voNMsbyE1CBQesZGcOpOxaZK5q6e6LWqXibUD8/s16000/CINEMA.jpg" title="At cinema in the year 2000" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p>However, it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov" target="_blank">Isaac Asimov</a> who seems to possess the only set of postcards titled <a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/france-in-the-year-2000-1899-1910/" target="_blank">En L’An 2000</a>, a collection of around 87 artist cards that were originally distributed as inserts in cigar boxes in 1899, just in time for the 1900 World Exhibition in Paris. Translated as “France in the 21st Century,” these cards feature interpretations by Jean-Marc Côté and other illustrators of how we might be living... well, 23 years ago.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4fwzcywjIIqDQ8gMx9lLo9N_SJJbJlgvYSUIFJ5Ks_70wWHch2WiIg7Womds9Wbk6ETw0qW-qBoRV9moyZ_agz20W4i_qvy_MQr0FDLVk-lzu0k_lJinyAK2dPP4ygW-GEzZXmhmlasAQDvCyOGtZgMYKCci4uyWyCFIybeUDJvTJ6RFOfB-eE_bf2QE/s1651/En_lan_2000.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Life in the year 2000" border="0" data-original-height="1038" data-original-width="1651" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4fwzcywjIIqDQ8gMx9lLo9N_SJJbJlgvYSUIFJ5Ks_70wWHch2WiIg7Womds9Wbk6ETw0qW-qBoRV9moyZ_agz20W4i_qvy_MQr0FDLVk-lzu0k_lJinyAK2dPP4ygW-GEzZXmhmlasAQDvCyOGtZgMYKCci4uyWyCFIybeUDJvTJ6RFOfB-eE_bf2QE/s16000/En_lan_2000.jpg" title="Life in the year 2000" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhge5wEMzRqpqH0pTIq3Q0Tn5rWV8nixGyEMRaG4OCyLrcG41X41cWOUJpFzIJLnFG0U5AgQ394r595wqayKGRRhirS-tf9oXJbtOY3V-ur_TyEhVVnWvWQ2H_gyk46MXqTQA0xfM1y8Kzo2Nu5EPwj4lK6l6Y9TtwcMQL2vgwWFI17qbAqbgxJjt9ocaE/s1674/En_lan_2000-lost-feature.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Life in the year 2000" border="0" data-original-height="1040" data-original-width="1674" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhge5wEMzRqpqH0pTIq3Q0Tn5rWV8nixGyEMRaG4OCyLrcG41X41cWOUJpFzIJLnFG0U5AgQ394r595wqayKGRRhirS-tf9oXJbtOY3V-ur_TyEhVVnWvWQ2H_gyk46MXqTQA0xfM1y8Kzo2Nu5EPwj4lK6l6Y9TtwcMQL2vgwWFI17qbAqbgxJjt9ocaE/s16000/En_lan_2000-lost-feature.jpg" title="Life in the year 2000" /></a></div><br /><p>The history behind the production of these cards is quite convoluted, with the original commissioning company going out of business before distributing them. Whether this company was a toy manufacturer or a cigarette company remains unclear. Furthermore, it's uncertain whether the ideas were provided to the artists or if they came up with them independently.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO22Vr9K_yBNtuMw7JPf3xQKzDSCfiwHBVJC5rJmyeiZtwgOer9YfmFL4MtuOMzmWEujHlG7NSwMleENny832cQvmDIgiI1e2hqIf2qOX_SyGMk7WW-nSuDXqeFzVJ2VwqazYX4LPVSUi1zlxDEbMmxKCpL0QNlA7HPQRSGb0O2DmWumaJoD1fCcW5EaA/s800/XXI_Century._Farmer.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Farmer in 2000" border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO22Vr9K_yBNtuMw7JPf3xQKzDSCfiwHBVJC5rJmyeiZtwgOer9YfmFL4MtuOMzmWEujHlG7NSwMleENny832cQvmDIgiI1e2hqIf2qOX_SyGMk7WW-nSuDXqeFzVJ2VwqazYX4LPVSUi1zlxDEbMmxKCpL0QNlA7HPQRSGb0O2DmWumaJoD1fCcW5EaA/s16000/XXI_Century._Farmer.jpg" title="Farmer in 2000" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjaiCzPwzmpCx4z9xc406Qn7eXCY3supsiH6Whq9m_pB16EOEqzTAgLux4jIJf2Wx5C9LEvQ4gOMyGqR-0-Vc0D-G4y1TEIjTAJa23RpKWZB-cK8pliSN5ipchqtzSjK-30P_MhrvvJdJjGbZugJb0TE9P9nXE04N1aium-LgjRtV6akx_ywVla0d7wBQ/s800/XXI_Century_Water_croquet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Croquet party in 2000" border="0" data-original-height="507" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjaiCzPwzmpCx4z9xc406Qn7eXCY3supsiH6Whq9m_pB16EOEqzTAgLux4jIJf2Wx5C9LEvQ4gOMyGqR-0-Vc0D-G4y1TEIjTAJa23RpKWZB-cK8pliSN5ipchqtzSjK-30P_MhrvvJdJjGbZugJb0TE9P9nXE04N1aium-LgjRtV6akx_ywVla0d7wBQ/s16000/XXI_Century_Water_croquet.jpg" title="Croquet party in 2000" /></a></div><br /><p>Upon examining these prints, now hosted at <a href="https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/a-19th-century-vision-of-the-year-2000/" target="_blank">The Public Domain Review</a>, one immediately notices the absence of space travel, despite Jules Verne's publication of <a href="http://jv.gilead.org.il/pg/moon/" target="_blank">From the Earth to the Moon</a> in 1865 (which later influenced Georges Méliès' A Voyage to the Moon in 1902). However, the artists did envision various underwater scenarios, such as a whale-drawn bus, a croquet party at the bottom of the ocean, and large fish being raced like thoroughbred horses.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLRh8FbnobaqNgEdZUqnVZkenY0soMfhKC7V5zMmrUbZOKMDG81l4_oYv5UD68dAK9IOOzBjRqSKD8RT1Yw9twGLF_Yu-pxQx00WXLR5jqM6o3bn50HlmQ2JjXrLOOTvZ28TSVlpMKi_irv6fT3PrFeoJn0Dy-jnXoAI0LN8RsYA7C2jQ7ff1Z5lL4NSk/s1651/autobus.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bus in 2000" border="0" data-original-height="1029" data-original-width="1651" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLRh8FbnobaqNgEdZUqnVZkenY0soMfhKC7V5zMmrUbZOKMDG81l4_oYv5UD68dAK9IOOzBjRqSKD8RT1Yw9twGLF_Yu-pxQx00WXLR5jqM6o3bn50HlmQ2JjXrLOOTvZ28TSVlpMKi_irv6fT3PrFeoJn0Dy-jnXoAI0LN8RsYA7C2jQ7ff1Z5lL4NSk/s16000/autobus.jpg" title="Bus in 2000" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5gW1NaZA6Qdh7JsUhP5UTccSNVBhMOuz44V0xAwe35alhH5AhsYZXxczowutCmkygBqT7jHAnRKPEoiV_KMw686CbxBkzcpG4nuznQWF4xqAIUCCibKZrJEQYyap2u2wSVc4kv9NMW5eOJYC92RUKVIAhyJXTEVzx0UG4OnQUXUJUQjvQLfTe1SWCXvc/s1671/En_lan_2000_mail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="mail delivery" border="0" data-original-height="1036" data-original-width="1671" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5gW1NaZA6Qdh7JsUhP5UTccSNVBhMOuz44V0xAwe35alhH5AhsYZXxczowutCmkygBqT7jHAnRKPEoiV_KMw686CbxBkzcpG4nuznQWF4xqAIUCCibKZrJEQYyap2u2wSVc4kv9NMW5eOJYC92RUKVIAhyJXTEVzx0UG4OnQUXUJUQjvQLfTe1SWCXvc/s16000/En_lan_2000_mail.jpg" title="mail delivery" /></a></div><div><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi72SvRftp5DIv_usSGnY5jb_PqWuslKLg8U9OEMwUhuNFgd-nEwnz13nYgmg2H1jcKX_Bd-auKMIY0RKDGz28EaejB5129KzmTd-xhOv0lGuuudk04a-QKewxWRIISXkQSRgpyvUT1Kndqh7NbetdojZjsFr_63d83F9WJg3IxDg51gzukSJWVzfoC9RA/s1674/helicopter.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="Helicopter" border="0" data-original-height="1037" data-original-width="1674" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi72SvRftp5DIv_usSGnY5jb_PqWuslKLg8U9OEMwUhuNFgd-nEwnz13nYgmg2H1jcKX_Bd-auKMIY0RKDGz28EaejB5129KzmTd-xhOv0lGuuudk04a-QKewxWRIISXkQSRgpyvUT1Kndqh7NbetdojZjsFr_63d83F9WJg3IxDg51gzukSJWVzfoC9RA/s16000/helicopter.jpg" title="Helicopter" /></a><br /><p>Interestingly, some of the depicted inventions did come true. For instance, the “Advance Sentinel in a Helicopter” concept has been a reality for decades, documenting traffic and car chases, and feeding the footage into our televisions. Additionally, much of farm work is now automated, and what was once known as “Electric Scrubbing” is now recognized as a Roomba.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv58PyTb_7pukBVLBAQE9ucCVjMdorwfhovrR36stfc2TSaSoeppS4cv4kK4xIYLNREoBHRcbzpO2FdywLLLQMd28EXJT8q3MJ5lQOJeBie1ysPuGxC_Mt6xNREozoQTEkHlXYbutZH2GSv1fIsqztuD-9Xm4iiAc3tXK4hMIBRYbw60iUgdCMwhFm8zk/s800/scrubbing.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="scrubbing" border="0" data-original-height="505" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv58PyTb_7pukBVLBAQE9ucCVjMdorwfhovrR36stfc2TSaSoeppS4cv4kK4xIYLNREoBHRcbzpO2FdywLLLQMd28EXJT8q3MJ5lQOJeBie1ysPuGxC_Mt6xNREozoQTEkHlXYbutZH2GSv1fIsqztuD-9Xm4iiAc3tXK4hMIBRYbw60iUgdCMwhFm8zk/s16000/scrubbing.jpg" title="scrubbing" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW8qcxG0qMFoj3pCviXAeIRwaAxcocUS_SgDzMua4ZJ29FWewTe3kqJosppL5q__YeVAHop5rziM8q4trGx-KU9l2Yl51ilSgZRhb98YC_vQOAYUrOU_5pJmx4zWJJkhpGQpOW1bcQ6CPJqw17YHm4iQ6jz39Ygz6rUL1dsmDg4vNs5Ed5Q9kasWd8Poo/s1671/barbier.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="haircut in the future" border="0" data-original-height="1041" data-original-width="1671" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW8qcxG0qMFoj3pCviXAeIRwaAxcocUS_SgDzMua4ZJ29FWewTe3kqJosppL5q__YeVAHop5rziM8q4trGx-KU9l2Yl51ilSgZRhb98YC_vQOAYUrOU_5pJmx4zWJJkhpGQpOW1bcQ6CPJqw17YHm4iQ6jz39Ygz6rUL1dsmDg4vNs5Ed5Q9kasWd8Poo/s16000/barbier.jpg" title="haircut in the future" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQfYbBytr1bJ5fTR9BcRj0ctk9o37nQgN8qiGPXAymzCFcSNtLI7p6ANlyjtW3dQK-6eZNl8mjOOkQEfK2p_bv_NclMJpXoSQYfPoLVNoIPS-mrHC5GYBNJUhy5-PDw6fpR-nvdd5hjinJCVZQ5EDkTjdzJpO1R1MY0O_o3nEbZd6ZtKmkwpoi-6aKNVU/s1674/toilette.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="beauty salon" border="0" data-original-height="1039" data-original-width="1674" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQfYbBytr1bJ5fTR9BcRj0ctk9o37nQgN8qiGPXAymzCFcSNtLI7p6ANlyjtW3dQK-6eZNl8mjOOkQEfK2p_bv_NclMJpXoSQYfPoLVNoIPS-mrHC5GYBNJUhy5-PDw6fpR-nvdd5hjinJCVZQ5EDkTjdzJpO1R1MY0O_o3nEbZd6ZtKmkwpoi-6aKNVU/s16000/toilette.jpg" title="beauty salon" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0ChBNQ2bKWnl87uElRvBt8G2hHAlkqs9-w6QQtYXlAscbCdun-pQP8MVs9VmwVOgUggjiE6EPVOzrL3YhRcz-DX1C5DBtcNd55lXXLjwuabxwTX_q1gFQQETTTbe0vcRzf1kx6FBRHORMckSfluB-lXKrspfh0a59pb-Xlqe7HYignojluubnSXycCfQ/s1680/construction.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Construction" border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1680" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0ChBNQ2bKWnl87uElRvBt8G2hHAlkqs9-w6QQtYXlAscbCdun-pQP8MVs9VmwVOgUggjiE6EPVOzrL3YhRcz-DX1C5DBtcNd55lXXLjwuabxwTX_q1gFQQETTTbe0vcRzf1kx6FBRHORMckSfluB-lXKrspfh0a59pb-Xlqe7HYignojluubnSXycCfQ/s16000/construction.jpg" title="Construction" /></a></div><br /><p>For a detailed examination of each future vision depicted on these cards, one may refer to Isaac Asimov’s 1986 publication, <a href="https://amzn.to/3VgJb7t" target="_blank">Futuredays: A Nineteenth Century Vision of the Year 2000</a>, available on Amazon. Alternatively, a gallery of images can be viewed on <a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/france-in-the-year-2000-1899-1910/" target="_blank">The Public Domain Review website</a>.</p><p>Would you like a glimpse into the future? Then these books may interest you.</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3TgYRGc" target="_blank">The Future Is Faster Than You Think: How Converging Technologies Are Disrupting Business, Industries, and Our Lives</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/42X13Ww" target="_blank">AI 2041: Ten Visions for Our Future</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3SUNPVL" target="_blank">What We Owe the Future Paperback</a></li></ul><p></p><br />Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-86509042776988488322024-02-23T23:17:00.000-08:002024-02-23T23:17:48.118-08:00How Much Longer Can you Live if you Breathed Clean Air?<p>Air pollution presents significant challenges to human health and well-being, impacting atmospheric visibility and exacerbating climate change. With the escalation of social and economic activities, human-induced PM2.5 pollution from intensive human actions has resulted in <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9819118/" target="_blank">severe air pollution</a>.</p><p>PM2.5 pollution refers to particulate matter that has a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or smaller. It <a href="https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/inhalable-particulate-matter-and-health" target="_blank">comprises</a> an intricate blend of solids and aerosols, including tiny liquid droplets, dry solid particles, and solid cores coated with liquid. These particles are minuscule and can remain suspended in the air for long periods, making them easily inhalable. PM2.5 pollution primarily originates from sources such as vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, construction activities, and wildfires.</p><p>Exposure to PM2.5 pollution is associated with a range of adverse health effects, including respiratory and <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112067/" target="_blank">cardiovascular problems</a>. When inhaled, these fine particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, causing inflammation and damage to lung tissue. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 pollution has been linked to an increased risk of developing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer, as well as cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes.</p><p>Studies have shown that exposure to PM2.5 pollution is also associated with <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00360" target="_blank">reduced life expectancy</a>. Prolonged exposure to high levels of PM2.5 pollution can contribute to premature mortality by exacerbating existing health conditions and increasing the risk of developing new ones. Additionally, PM2.5 pollution is a significant contributor to air pollution-related deaths worldwide, making it a critical public health concern.</p><p><a href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240034228" target="_blank">The World Health Organization (WHO) PM2.5 guideline</a> provides recommendations for air quality standards concerning fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or smaller (PM2.5). The guideline establishes a threshold for PM2.5 concentration levels in outdoor air to protect public health. According to the WHO, exposure to PM2.5 pollution should be limited to an annual mean concentration of 10 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³) and a 24-hour mean concentration of 25 µg/m³ to minimize adverse health effects.</p><p>Several regions and countries around the world are known for having high levels of PM2.5 pollution, often due to factors such as industrial activity, vehicular emissions, urbanization, and geographic features that contribute to air pollution concentration.</p><p>The map below, created by Aarsh Batra, clearly illustrates the most polluted regions of our planet, showing the potential life expectancy gains if 2021 PM2.5 pollution is reduced to meet the WHO PM2.5 guideline.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB-DdGFPFwtjK0LbpAVIVBTfAlpTuGJLNXCBqQK8CylIf7OcLNRPnCFcHA8UuYFx2rg8B7R1xQYS4h27jIPByR4UEyvy5N4v14TZs1ReZ-rKVoFyevc7ylE0oMy8XyZcQmQaoJhQD9nBbX9c_vgNR95xEeI1ltCwaSBP-DCXOAlXsQkwpSdP1KKubFNNg/s1500/clean%20air.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="How Much Longer Can you Live if you Breathed Clean Air?" border="0" data-original-height="794" data-original-width="1500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB-DdGFPFwtjK0LbpAVIVBTfAlpTuGJLNXCBqQK8CylIf7OcLNRPnCFcHA8UuYFx2rg8B7R1xQYS4h27jIPByR4UEyvy5N4v14TZs1ReZ-rKVoFyevc7ylE0oMy8XyZcQmQaoJhQD9nBbX9c_vgNR95xEeI1ltCwaSBP-DCXOAlXsQkwpSdP1KKubFNNg/s16000/clean%20air.png" title="How Much Longer Can you Live if you Breathed Clean Air?" /></a></div><br /><p>According to the map some of the regions and countries with the least clean air in terms of PM2.5 pollution include:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b>South Asia:</b> Countries such as India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan experience severe PM2.5 pollution levels, particularly in densely populated urban areas with high levels of industrialization and vehicular traffic.</li><li><b>East Asia:</b> China is known for its significant air pollution challenges, with PM2.5 pollution being a major concern, especially in cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Industrial emissions, coal combustion, and urbanization contribute to high levels of PM2.5 pollution in the region.</li><li><b>Southeast Asia:</b> Countries like Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand also grapple with high levels of PM2.5 pollution, often exacerbated by factors such as agricultural burning, urban development, and industrial activity.</li><li><b>Middle East:</b> Urban areas in countries like Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia face elevated PM2.5 pollution levels due to factors such as industrial emissions, dust storms, and desertification.</li><li><b>Africa:</b> Urban centers in countries such as Nigeria, Egypt, and South Africa experience PM2.5 pollution, driven by industrial activity, urbanization, biomass burning, and traffic congestion.</li></ul><div>If you care that the air you breathe is clean, look at the following air purifiers.</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/4bLv8wj" target="_blank">LEVOIT Air Purifier for Home Allergies Pets Hair in Bedroom</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/49OoC5Z" target="_blank">VEWIOR Air Purifiers for Home, HEPA Air Purifiers for Large Room up to 600 sq.ft</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3IadVyT" target="_blank">AROEVE Air Purifiers for Home</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3SUhhLB" target="_blank">AROEVE Air Purifiers for Bedroom</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3uKEM1s" target="_blank">PuroAir HEPA 14 Air Purifier for Home</a></li></ul></div><p></p><p><br /></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-68287069140968052202024-02-18T01:44:00.000-08:002024-02-18T01:44:06.225-08:00Share of World Forests by Country<p>The global forest cover comprises <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2015/09/how-many-trees-are-there-in-world.html">over three trillion trees</a>.</p><p>Approximately half of these trees (1.3 trillion) are found in the tropics and subtropics, while about one-fourth (0.74 trillion) are in the boreal regions, and one-fifth (0.66 trillion) in temperate regions.</p><p>So, how does this distribution look on a country-by-country basis?</p><p>Utilizing data from the <a href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.K2?most_recent_value_desc=true" target="_blank">World Bank</a>, the <a href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/charted-share-of-world-forests-by-country/" target="_blank">VisualCapitalist</a> team illustrated each country's share of the world's total forest area.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3KXRHBPGcexHU4MyDPccZVEHyYC2-EtYzGe_TQKl_BCJLSDwEsIPYn8So7QSkXg3_k7nNhX_v_dW9eucwPdx4l1QwzS2PVjSxYuypByVyCHkWatZ1xo_wmHYPzRbIRJU5kTAgByy55QbyFckHMNMguYUb_0yBIQKnL5V_JIWBbZUQORb8WIcZjcTO3mg/s1600/Share-Of-Global-Forests.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Percentage of the worlds' forests by country" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3KXRHBPGcexHU4MyDPccZVEHyYC2-EtYzGe_TQKl_BCJLSDwEsIPYn8So7QSkXg3_k7nNhX_v_dW9eucwPdx4l1QwzS2PVjSxYuypByVyCHkWatZ1xo_wmHYPzRbIRJU5kTAgByy55QbyFckHMNMguYUb_0yBIQKnL5V_JIWBbZUQORb8WIcZjcTO3mg/s16000/Share-Of-Global-Forests.jpg" title="Percentage of the worlds' forests by country" /></a></div><br /><p>Naturally, larger countries typically boast more forested areas, resulting in a higher percentage of the <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2020/11/forests-in-world.html" target="_blank">world's forests</a>.</p><p>At the forefront of the list, Russia claims over one-fifth of the world's forests, encompassing a vast expanse of 8 million km2, which is slightly less than half of the entire country.</p><p>Following closely, Brazil, the <a href="https://vividmaps.com/landmasses/" target="_blank">fifth-largest</a> and sixth-most populated nation, ranks second with just over 12% of the total forests, covering close to 5 million km2, over 60% of its landmass. Its prominent forest, the Amazon, has encountered significant <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2019/07/real-time-speed-of-deforestation-of.html">deforestation</a>, losing 237,000 km2 in five years. The Amazon rainforest is also a substantial part of Peru’s forest cover (ranked 10th on this visualization, with a 1.8% share).</p><p>Canada and the U.S. each harbor about 8% of the world's forests, fostering renowned <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2016/08/map-of-every-national-park-in-us.html">national park systems</a> dedicated to preserving the continent's natural biodiversity.</p><p>China secures the fifth spot, contributing 5.5% of the global forest cover. Unlike other nations experiencing forest decline, China has expanded its forest area by 511,807 km2 in 25 years, larger than Thailand's entire landmass. However, critics caution against potential drawbacks, such as promoting monocultures of non-native trees at the expense of native species.</p><p>Meanwhile, Australia and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) each claim a 3% share of the world's forests. The Congo Basin, the world's second-largest tropical rainforest, heavily influences the DRC's forest cover and extends across five other countries: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon.</p><p>Completing the top 10, Indonesia, India, and Peru each contribute 2% to the global forest coverage.</p><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 100%;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Rank<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Counry<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Forested
area km2<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">% of world's
forests<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Russia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">8,153,116<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">20.10%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">2<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Brazil<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">4,953,914<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">12.30%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">3<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Canada<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">3,468,911<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">8.60%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">4<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">U.S.<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">3,097,950<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">7.70%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">5<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">China<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">2,218,578<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">5.50%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">6<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Australia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">1,340,051<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">3.30%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">7<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">DRC<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">1,250,539<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">3.10%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">8<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Indonesia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">915,277<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">2.30%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">9<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">India<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">724,264<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.80%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">10<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Peru<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">721,575<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.80%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">11<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Angola<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">660,523<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.60%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">12<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Mexico<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">655,643<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.60%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">13<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Colombia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">589,426<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.50%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">14<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Bolivia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">506,208<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.30%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">15<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Venezuela<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">461,734<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.10%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">16<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Tanzania<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">452,760<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.10%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">17<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Zambia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">446,258<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1.10%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">18<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Mozambique<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">364,976<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">0.90%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">19<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Papua New
Guinea<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">358,222<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">0.90%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="56">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">20<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 134.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="180">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Argentina<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="bottom" width="208">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">284,637<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 117.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="157">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">0.70%<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><p>Countries with abundant forest cover and smaller populations also have higher forest area per capita. </p><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 100%;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td nowrap="" style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Rank<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Country<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Sq. meters
per capita<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">1<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">French
Guiana<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">301,716<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">2<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Suriname<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">260,815<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">3<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Guyana<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">216,259<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">4<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Gabon<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">109,335<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">5<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Niue<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">95,773<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">6<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Canada<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">94,921<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">7<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Russia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">56,022<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">8<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Australia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">50,982<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">9<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Bolivia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">47,384<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">10<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Central
African Republic<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">44,306<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">11<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Botswana<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">44,281<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">12<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Congo<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">41,984<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">13<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Finland<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">40,337<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">14<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Mongolia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">39,916<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">15<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Papua New
Guinea<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">36,812<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">16<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Bhutan<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">36,697<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">17<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Belize<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">36,197<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">18<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Solomon
Islands<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">33,774<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">19<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">New
Caledonia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">29,506<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="66">
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: right;">20<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 296.1pt;" valign="bottom" width="395">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Namibia<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 105.55pt;" valign="bottom" width="141">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">28,634<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><br /><div>
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Pay attention to these books.</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/48iT5rP" target="_blank">Finding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of the Forest</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/48udxX2" target="_blank">Forest: (Tree Photography Book, Nature and World Photo Book)</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3OOY3FM" target="_blank">The World Atlas of Trees and Forests: Exploring Earth's Forest Ecosystems</a></li></ul></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-5742357964607848632024-02-16T04:07:00.000-08:002024-02-16T04:07:14.213-08:00How to Choose the Best Solar Power Products<p>Solar energy stands out as a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for powering homes and businesses, solidifying its position as the leading renewable energy source worldwide, according to the <a href="https://unece.org/sustainable-energy/unfc-and-sustainable-resource-management/unfc-and-solar-energy" target="_blank">United Nations</a>. Despite its promising prospects, the slow adoption of solar panels is partly attributed to quality concerns. However, recent technological advancements have significantly enhanced their reliability. Nevertheless, not all solar panels guarantee a dependable energy supply for your property.</p><p>Recognizing that quality comes at a premium, investing more in superior solar panels can offer substantial long-term benefits. With top-tier solar products, one can enjoy uninterrupted electricity for up to three decades, alleviating concerns about soaring energy bills.</p><p>For those contemplating the transition to solar energy, <a href="https://amzn.to/3uEuno7" target="_blank">Amazon</a> provides a convenient platform for acquiring solar panels and associated equipment. Yet, amidst the abundance of options, selecting the most suitable solar panels can prove challenging. To aid in making an informed decision, here are essential guidelines for choosing the finest solar panels available on Amazon.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjobBdOoJmdz8Tv4JnsBzMe8DL1OX0HHeBiY6Ou15UPTU-GdwNdyeLQ8eDrp-sj7en0FGY1WqufLdJLtqxWdH23IIpSmTlhjo0FJcCd2ahxmf3pk71QF-Ok2TsZ6OodXCi2cXi0VaMnMRuYxBoSrxbKMIvgWGR_iYWyIzlFAWJnDhVg7PbP_bmsT3PC6AM/s1500/solar-panel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Panel" border="0" data-original-height="976" data-original-width="1500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjobBdOoJmdz8Tv4JnsBzMe8DL1OX0HHeBiY6Ou15UPTU-GdwNdyeLQ8eDrp-sj7en0FGY1WqufLdJLtqxWdH23IIpSmTlhjo0FJcCd2ahxmf3pk71QF-Ok2TsZ6OodXCi2cXi0VaMnMRuYxBoSrxbKMIvgWGR_iYWyIzlFAWJnDhVg7PbP_bmsT3PC6AM/s16000/solar-panel.jpg" title="Solar Panel" /></a></div><br /><h2 style="text-align: left;">Understand Your Energy Need</h2><p>Before delving into the realm of solar panels, it is imperative to comprehend your energy requirements. By calculating your daily and monthly energy consumption, you can ascertain the appropriate size and wattage of the solar panel system required. Whether considering portable solar kits like the <a href="https://amzn.to/3uDsd89" target="_blank">EF EcoFlow</a> or outfitting an entire household, accurately assessing energy needs is paramount.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Consider Your Budget</h2><p>Solar panel prices exhibit significant variability based on brand, technology, and efficiency. Establishing a comprehensive budget for your solar project, inclusive of installation expenses and potential incentives, enables you to narrow down options effectively. This approach ensures the acquisition of solar panels that are both cost-effective and aligned with your energy requirements.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Research Solar Panel Types</h2><p>Two primary types of solar panels dominate the market: <a href="https://amzn.to/42HPWAI" target="_blank">monocrystalline</a> and <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/polycrystalline-material" target="_blank">polycrystalline</a>. While monocrystalline panels boast higher efficiency and a sleek appearance, they tend to be pricier. Conversely, polycrystalline panels offer a more budget-friendly alternative with slightly lower efficiency. Conduct thorough research to weigh the pros and cons of each type and determine the most suitable option for your needs.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Check Product Reviews</h2><p>Leveraging Amazon's extensive repository of customer reviews provides invaluable insights into the performance and quality of solar panels. By perusing feedback and ratings from fellow buyers, one can glean real-user experiences. Pay particular attention to prevalent complaints or issues, focusing on panels garnering consistently positive reviews.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Verify Manufacturer's Reputation</h2><p>Procuring solar panels from reputable manufacturers is essential. Delve into the brand's track record, customer satisfaction metrics, and warranty terms to gauge reliability. Established companies such as <a href="https://amzn.to/3T2dnld" target="_blank">SunPower</a>, <a href="https://amzn.to/3UHQhkM" target="_blank">BougeRV</a>, <span style="background-color: white; color: #0f1111; font-family: "Amazon Ember", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><a href="https://amzn.to/48jbXae" target="_blank">Renogy</a></span> are renowned for their high-quality solar panels and steadfast customer support.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Assess Efficiency and Output</h2><p>Efficiency stands as a pivotal determinant of solar panel performance. Panels with higher efficiency convert more sunlight into electricity, making them particularly valuable for properties with limited roof space. Evaluate the panel's efficiency rating and output per square foot to ensure optimal power generation.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Review Warranty and Lifespan</h2><p>Given the long-term nature of solar panel investments, durability and lifespan are critical considerations. Opt for panels offering extended warranties, typically spanning 20-25 years, indicative of the manufacturer's confidence in their product. Additionally, assess expected panel lifespan and degradation rates to ascertain long-term performance viability.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Understand Solar Panel Certifications</h2><p>Certifications from independent organizations like Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) attest to solar panel adherence to rigorous quality and safety standards. Prioritize panels boasting such certifications to ensure reliability and safety.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Compare Pricing</h2><p>While cost should not be the sole determinant, comparing prices across different solar panels aids in identifying the best value for your budget. Factor in cost per watt and account for all requisite components, including inverters and installation expenses, to arrive at an informed decision.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Explore Incentives and Rebates</h2><p>Many regions offer lucrative incentives and rebates for solar panel installations. Research local and federal programs to ascertain eligibility for financial incentives, which can significantly offset initial system costs. </p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Check for Compatibility</h2><p>Whether undertaking DIY installations or collaborating with professional installers, ensuring solar panel compatibility with existing electrical systems is imperative. Thoroughly evaluate compatibility requirements to facilitate seamless integration.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Evaluate Customer Support</h2><p>Effective customer support assumes paramount importance when purchasing solar panels, particularly in addressing installation or post-installation issues. Engage with manufacturers or sellers to gauge responsiveness and willingness to assist.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Conclusion</h2><p>Selecting the best solar panels on Amazon necessitates meticulous consideration of various factors, spanning energy needs, budget, panel efficiency, and manufacturer reputation. Prioritize thorough research, review scrutiny, and information gathering to facilitate an informed decision-making process. By adhering to these guidelines, you can confidently choose solar panels that not only align with your financial objectives but also contribute to environmental sustainability. Remember, solar panels represent a long-term investment, warranting careful selection to fulfill your unique requirements.</p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-32203285138973893612024-02-09T09:27:00.000-08:002024-02-09T09:28:23.457-08:00Sweden will construct its largest wooden city in 2025<p> Among the earliest tools crafted by human hands are axes, serving to fell wood for fires and construction. Wood stands as the epitome of sustainable resources, perpetually renewable. Today, it emerges as the quintessential material in design. Sweden embarks on a bold venture with Stockholm Wood City, showcasing the grandeur of wood and its potential in sustainable architecture.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS7jm9Kj08eBnG8ZpNIsgf0FfVUHxsK50wsURHjFO3QQZ4U2FVEDKzl3BDtY7wBN86DGUNxBpk5l1ldbUr2m2oNkOHWtFEQj-W0XGFfgRzbm_aaqkqWyOmw_U1FwPTTISj3_iMmOsIWahemUsbrzTQxr9ff4aS5rNK-yA4BLiKBLZI1eFLTjgTTgCj7Yo/s889/1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Wooden city in Sweden" border="0" data-original-height="669" data-original-width="889" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS7jm9Kj08eBnG8ZpNIsgf0FfVUHxsK50wsURHjFO3QQZ4U2FVEDKzl3BDtY7wBN86DGUNxBpk5l1ldbUr2m2oNkOHWtFEQj-W0XGFfgRzbm_aaqkqWyOmw_U1FwPTTISj3_iMmOsIWahemUsbrzTQxr9ff4aS5rNK-yA4BLiKBLZI1eFLTjgTTgCj7Yo/s16000/1.jpg" title="Wooden city in Sweden" /></a></div><p>Construction on Stockholm Wood City is set to commence in 2025, with completion slated for 2027. This innovative urban development will integrate areas for both work and residence, alongside vibrant dining and retail establishments. Upon its fruition, over 2,000 new residential units and 7,000 office spaces will enrich the cityscape. The architectural blueprint for this visionary project was crafted by <a href="https://www.al.se/en/" target="_blank">Atrium Ljungberg</a>.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKhdSqoWqJvY2pwIVARI2z870VtB_xHadRjIQV3wGJdWmFxVB3ETN06eyhL1xAuFnh2_aexFCcJIy5Q2-CinSwejbIXR_XvrF0QfNCGDzPSbC7KZix8YsXDKmF1P4J_tr6x_wHSLiObuMor9JtJ4B2hlEqMjyc_Sf1ZqQqWVZtSYOSjxHVWXBdbwUTNEI/s889/2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Wooden town in Sweden" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="889" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKhdSqoWqJvY2pwIVARI2z870VtB_xHadRjIQV3wGJdWmFxVB3ETN06eyhL1xAuFnh2_aexFCcJIy5Q2-CinSwejbIXR_XvrF0QfNCGDzPSbC7KZix8YsXDKmF1P4J_tr6x_wHSLiObuMor9JtJ4B2hlEqMjyc_Sf1ZqQqWVZtSYOSjxHVWXBdbwUTNEI/s16000/2.jpg" title="Wooden town in Sweden" /></a></div><p>The design of Wood City emphasizes the utilization of stored and shared, self-generated energy. Featuring wooden structures with integrated spaces for greenery, the design aims to cultivate a garden-like ambiance. Wood, renowned for its sustainability, offers clear environmental advantages. Not only is it a superior insulator compared to steel and concrete, but it also serves as a substantial carbon sink, absorbing significant amounts of CO2. Additionally, the production of a ton of wood for construction purposes yields far fewer emissions than that of cement or steel.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYQzu4xfFieDiGjwl63m0WAaA5ZXY-KDzUMhs2rbfP897rPy0UpTHDdC2oFrHAVZ6V20sVfPhD8_Io3E-BtfR1nPmeZhg4LbuAYbcpZV1I99Md_bTTZlBhLz6N3NPprAENNsq2VtLdf1Lyy7DzUt6s3HWsTorBbYMVJpeNDHieo8Km3GiyDaZHxFIZvEY/s889/3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Eco building in Sweden" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="889" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYQzu4xfFieDiGjwl63m0WAaA5ZXY-KDzUMhs2rbfP897rPy0UpTHDdC2oFrHAVZ6V20sVfPhD8_Io3E-BtfR1nPmeZhg4LbuAYbcpZV1I99Md_bTTZlBhLz6N3NPprAENNsq2VtLdf1Lyy7DzUt6s3HWsTorBbYMVJpeNDHieo8Km3GiyDaZHxFIZvEY/s16000/3.jpg" title="Eco building in Sweden" /></a></div><p>This expansive new endeavor represents a comprehensive urban development, integrating areas for residential, commercial, and retail purposes. It serves as a testament to the versatility of sustainable design, showcasing the potential to craft diverse environments. Sweden aims for this initiative to serve as a global message, resonating with audiences worldwide.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrHvVqXOmqMeZUmMLVDrNUYRaqE1Ofi3dZiEaeuH80NC_4DPQIABlvXIkJ2F7vBOIa5mTkGRDULu2_tEQzwp0S3612bMw7q8CRl7gjXRFuNDYPhAXZQAPHDFynt8nkP8K6EYF85AtIUEyn84WVwo5qEwAItkWG3xYbZsqkpTCgKRMEzsfDnzp3dmpGSRY/s889/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Wooden city in Sweden" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="889" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrHvVqXOmqMeZUmMLVDrNUYRaqE1Ofi3dZiEaeuH80NC_4DPQIABlvXIkJ2F7vBOIa5mTkGRDULu2_tEQzwp0S3612bMw7q8CRl7gjXRFuNDYPhAXZQAPHDFynt8nkP8K6EYF85AtIUEyn84WVwo5qEwAItkWG3xYbZsqkpTCgKRMEzsfDnzp3dmpGSRY/s16000/4.jpg" title="Wooden city in Sweden" /></a></div><p>If you're envisioning the construction of a wooden house, you might discover these books to be invaluable resources.</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3SC4eOR" target="_blank">How to Build and Furnish a Log Cabin: The Easy, Natural Way Using Only Hand Tools and the Woods Around You</a></li><li><a href="How To Build Your Own Tiny House" target="_blank">How To Build Your Own Tiny House</a></li></ul><p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-45868114643775757482024-02-02T03:28:00.000-08:002024-02-02T03:28:17.377-08:00Most Forested Countries in the World<p>Since the last ice age, <a href="https://vividmaps.com/worlds-forests-mapped/">Earth's forest</a> cover has diminished by 20 million sq km or 2 billion hectares. Half of this loss occurred since 1900, attributed to expanding agriculture and industrialization. Currently, forests span approximately 30% of Earth's land, totaling around 40 million sq km, with uneven distribution globally. The <a href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/which-countries-have-the-largest-forests/" target="_blank">VisualCapitalst</a> team created visualization of the top 15 countries with the largest forested areas, measured in square kilometers using <a href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.K2?most_recent_value_desc=true" target="_blank">World Bank</a> data.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm9WRMxoBrlZuMbR4wMhoecEg1qMTUTZcI4sAmpCV9hg5q1W_zKRqB2Vhe3cGztextlQgUtGvHX1vWSdGWMB7VzHaE62_84_ATeDsQ4XlcOkTL3znl8WDbtbQDhZIem8TxBb0Qbs8_i2ZO9bkA_yu7sl-Orzth3mXGU42z6Bj0BGUvhWjhX8_bvwgDyso/s1582/Most-Forested-Countries.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Countries with the largest forests" border="0" data-original-height="1582" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm9WRMxoBrlZuMbR4wMhoecEg1qMTUTZcI4sAmpCV9hg5q1W_zKRqB2Vhe3cGztextlQgUtGvHX1vWSdGWMB7VzHaE62_84_ATeDsQ4XlcOkTL3znl8WDbtbQDhZIem8TxBb0Qbs8_i2ZO9bkA_yu7sl-Orzth3mXGU42z6Bj0BGUvhWjhX8_bvwgDyso/s16000/Most-Forested-Countries.jpg" title="Countries with the largest forests" /></a></div><br /><p>As expected, the world's largest country, Russia, boasts the most extensive forested area. Approximately 50% of Russia is covered by forests, amounting to roughly 8 million sq km. This surpasses the total land area of all other countries worldwide, except for China, the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Australia. Notably, one-fifth of the world's entire forested area is located within the borders of Russia.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8EmFoPaNLoB4xSpROd5tUpibC3pqT-jbnOtN2mOxgt13edltNYxM04W30xJBrBB5410rJVZBxAQtYFs_QHZBgQoPE9mmpfDQzkXzLShErAbNsJyoso3ilx-7DaQMSzVnPMlr4dj_qglGIKtpiLPdBX1ycg9X0lUsgKgZEFnHOx8U_ZJmMgH11qU3J0c/s820/percentage-worldp-forests.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Percentage of World Forests" border="0" data-original-height="399" data-original-width="820" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8EmFoPaNLoB4xSpROd5tUpibC3pqT-jbnOtN2mOxgt13edltNYxM04W30xJBrBB5410rJVZBxAQtYFs_QHZBgQoPE9mmpfDQzkXzLShErAbNsJyoso3ilx-7DaQMSzVnPMlr4dj_qglGIKtpiLPdBX1ycg9X0lUsgKgZEFnHOx8U_ZJmMgH11qU3J0c/s16000/percentage-worldp-forests.jpg" title="Percentage of World Forests" /></a></div><br /><p>The majority of Russia's expansive forests consist of boreal types, adapted to endure the colder and drier climates prevalent in the country. These forests comprise a mix of deciduous and coniferous species, including larch, pine, spruce, and oak.</p><p>Brazil secures the second position, boasting nearly 5 million km2 of forest cover, constituting approximately 12% of the world's total forests. This significant expanse is primarily attributed to the extensive presence of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" target="_blank">Amazon rainforest</a> within its borders, a size nearly double that of Saudi Arabia, the 12th largest country globally.</p><p>The Amazon rainforest also plays a pivotal role in contributing to the forest cover of neighboring countries. Peru, ranked 10th on the list, along with Colombia (13th), Bolivia (14th), and Venezuela (15th), benefit substantially from the Amazon's vast green canopy.</p><p>Canada and the United States claim the third and fourth positions, both featuring approximately 3 million km2 of forest cover. These vast wooded areas span both coasts, extending seamlessly across their shared border.</p><p>China secures the fifth position with forests covering slightly over 2 million km2. Collectively, these top five countries account for more than half of the world's total forested areas.</p><p>Expanding the scope to the top 10 countries, which encompasses Australia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Indonesia, India, and Peru, the total forest cover extends to slightly more than two-thirds of the world's forests. Broadening the view to the top 20 countries captures a substantial 80% of the Earth's overall forested expanse.</p><p><b>Top 10 countries by forest area sq km / percent of world's forests</b></p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Russia<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>8,153,116 / 20.1%</li><li>Brazil<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>4,953,914 / 12.3%</li><li>Canada<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>3,468,911 / 8.6%</li><li>U.S.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>3,097,950 / 7.7%</li><li>China<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>2,218,578 / 5.5%</li><li>Australia<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>1,340,051 / 3.3%</li><li>Democratic Republic of Congo 1,250,539 / 3.1%</li><li>Indonesia<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>915,277 / 2.3%</li><li>India<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>724,264 / 1.8%</li><li>Peru<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>721,575<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>/ 1.8%</li></ol><div>Do you want to know more about forests? We advise you to take a look at these books.</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3SJDg8U" target="_blank">The World Atlas of Trees and Forests: Exploring Earth's Forest Ecosystems</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3HJOvbq" target="_blank">Forest: (Tree Photography Book, Nature and World Photo Book)</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/481q1VL" target="_blank">Forest Bathing: How Trees Can Help You Find Health and Happiness</a></li></ul></div><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-5039156555154092092024-01-14T22:45:00.000-08:002024-01-14T22:45:52.328-08:00Historic and Present Distribution of Lions<p> The historic and present distribution of lions (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion" target="_blank">Panthera leo</a>) spans across various regions of Africa and a small pocket in western India. Historically, lions were once widespread throughout Africa, inhabiting diverse ecosystems ranging from savannas and grasslands to woodlands and semi-desert areas. They were also found in parts of the Middle East, including the Arabian Peninsula and some regions of southwestern Asia.</p><p>Over the course of the 20th century, the lion population experienced a significant decline due to various factors such as habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and poaching. As a result, their historic range has contracted, and lions are now primarily concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixJl1MhEAlaHinS54qTdoH5R_mKQGKog-2xY8QfIftLMUpAaYPoypzdXGu-FEbaUypoxT0XgodoRyUcZrviIcF1kVIXB76FcTRgy6xC-A9BNonKIBJZah8vIvJsvTi1cBBlHPbVoiTqBL-prWAxfXBGwkbjUflHT_Yhk2R0gu1Fwy7u0zS3jqXKFFqT6E/s880/lions.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Historic and Present Distribution of lions" border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="880" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixJl1MhEAlaHinS54qTdoH5R_mKQGKog-2xY8QfIftLMUpAaYPoypzdXGu-FEbaUypoxT0XgodoRyUcZrviIcF1kVIXB76FcTRgy6xC-A9BNonKIBJZah8vIvJsvTi1cBBlHPbVoiTqBL-prWAxfXBGwkbjUflHT_Yhk2R0gu1Fwy7u0zS3jqXKFFqT6E/s16000/lions.png" title="Historic and Present Distribution of lions" /></a></div><br /><p>Presently, lions are found in fragmented populations across several African countries, with some of the notable strongholds being in countries like Tanzania, Kenya, Botswana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Conservation efforts, including the establishment of protected areas and initiatives to mitigate human-wildlife conflict, aim to ensure the survival and well-being of these majestic big cats.</p><p>In India, lions historically inhabited a much larger area, but their range has significantly diminished. As of the present day, the only population of wild Asiatic lions exists in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gir_National_Park" target="_blank">Gir Forest National Park</a> and surrounding areas in the state of Gujarat. Conservation efforts in India have focused on protecting this remaining population and exploring possibilities for reintroduction in other suitable habitats.</p><p>Currently, two subspecies of lions are distinguished - <b><i>Panthera leo leo</i></b> and <b><i>Panthera leo melanochaita</i></b>.</p><p>The lion subspecies <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera_leo_leo" target="_blank"><b><i>Panthera leo leo</i></b></a> inhabits West Africa, northern Central Africa, and India. Within West and Central Africa, it is confined to fragmented and isolated populations experiencing a decline in numbers. Commonly known as the northern lion, this subspecies faces challenges related to habitat fragmentation and decreasing population trends in its designated regions.</p><p>The lion subspecies <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera_leo_melanochaita" target="_blank"><b><i>Panthera leo melanochaita</i></b></a> is native to Southern and East Africa. Within this region, lion populations have become regionally extinct in Lesotho, Djibouti, and Eritrea. The remaining populations face threats such as habitat loss, diminishing prey bases, retaliatory killing by local communities due to livestock losses, and, in several countries, the additional pressure of trophy hunting.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi2z3Qf0sP_4GmDkMmqDLeyv2rpvMRhLEXFLzc0y_Vo-eID5p2Y9G1_BMpiLNKVdFsY4eLsjShxkbJomEHoOIwh1ROlw_f7iZKkyUXBwMD-JkJdXZLYqyA4CzWglM-YEF1amCOIUF05l1bp29yemaxEIU_cRPjhxQ4ufZtJ1OqlBYO7hfx0VVhOc4bcDo/s880/lions2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Subspecies of lions" border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="880" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi2z3Qf0sP_4GmDkMmqDLeyv2rpvMRhLEXFLzc0y_Vo-eID5p2Y9G1_BMpiLNKVdFsY4eLsjShxkbJomEHoOIwh1ROlw_f7iZKkyUXBwMD-JkJdXZLYqyA4CzWglM-YEF1amCOIUF05l1bp29yemaxEIU_cRPjhxQ4ufZtJ1OqlBYO7hfx0VVhOc4bcDo/s16000/lions2.png" title="Subspecies of lions" /></a></div><br /><p>The lion subspecies<b><i> Panthera leo leo</i></b> is regionally extinct in North Africa, southern Europe, and West Asia. The exclusive lion population in Asia is confined to the vicinity of Gir National Park in India. In West Africa, the lion population is geographically isolated, with fewer than <b>250 mature individuals</b>, earning it a critical endangered status on the <a href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/" target="_blank">IUCN Red List</a>.</p><p>According to Lion Conservation Units (<a href="https://lionaid.org/news/tag/lion-conservation-units" target="_blank">LCU</a>), the current population estimates for <b><i>Panthera leo melanochaita</i></b> range from <b>33,967 to 32,000 individuals</b>.</p><p>To learn more about lions and other big cats have a look at these recommended books:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3U0Mejf" target="_blank">National Geographic Readers: Lions</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/47whGZL" target="_blank">Safari Readers: Lions</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/47FUp7Q" target="_blank">The Big Book of Wild Cats: Fun Animal Facts</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-63654368162608072882024-01-09T22:12:00.000-08:002024-01-09T22:12:28.788-08:00The Problem with Plastics<p> The amount of plastic that gets recycled <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2023/07/cost-of-plastic-pollution.html">varies significantly</a> depending on geographical locations, infrastructure, and public awareness. In many parts of the world, the recycling rates for plastic are lower than desired. Despite efforts to promote recycling, a substantial amount of plastic still ends up in landfills or in the environment, contributing to pollution. Challenges in the recycling process, such as the complexity of separating different types of plastic, limited recycling facilities, and the lack of standardized recycling systems, contribute to the overall low recycling rates.</p><p>This infographic highlights the dishearteningly low percentage of plastic that undergoes recycling. The information depicted in "<a href="https://informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/the-problem-with-plastics-and-recycling-bioplastics-microplastics-ocean-waste/" target="_blank">The Problem with Plastics</a>" infographic was crafted by Information is Beautiful, visually presenting data sourced from Geyer et al.'s study in <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1700782" target="_blank">Science Advances</a>.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw_44lbzbLkLLFv_ONS6_pOgVyR37i19pynxEw31va3dW_i1Jn_NPvD7JaSwHKrJaKBPpTcMYizcPiIe1Sl5U_5wbJRz-rQRQOpzFPSuTW89bHuGYZMyBp8zaHweKap2IrNo3hj2MWWNBZOzPekZKbNOz-AK9fUA_pQCW2_kEOqrYMEMjwA0b8xbts7EA/s2560/Plastics.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Problem with plastic in the world" border="0" data-original-height="1504" data-original-width="2560" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw_44lbzbLkLLFv_ONS6_pOgVyR37i19pynxEw31va3dW_i1Jn_NPvD7JaSwHKrJaKBPpTcMYizcPiIe1Sl5U_5wbJRz-rQRQOpzFPSuTW89bHuGYZMyBp8zaHweKap2IrNo3hj2MWWNBZOzPekZKbNOz-AK9fUA_pQCW2_kEOqrYMEMjwA0b8xbts7EA/s16000/Plastics.png" title="Problem with plastic" /></a></div><br /><p>Approximately 6% of the world's plastic has been recycled, 10% has been incinerated (0.8 billion tonn), and the remaining 59% (4.9 billion tonn) has accumulated in landfills or the natural environment. It's essential to note that these figures can change over time as recycling efforts and infrastructure evolve.</p><p>If you want to learn more about plastic pollution, have a look at the following books:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3vuO95t" target="_blank">Plastic Soup: An Atlas of Ocean Pollution</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3NRUFcH" target="_blank">Trash Vortex: How Plastic Pollution Is Choking the World's Oceans</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3RUQJcs" target="_blank">The Plasticology Project: The chilling reality of our plastic pollution crisis and what we can do about it.</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3Hxqvs1" target="_blank">A Planet Full of Plastic: And how you can help</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-11123432428081535512023-12-27T23:06:00.000-08:002023-12-27T23:06:50.766-08:00U.S. Temperature Zones Predicted for 2070-2099 Under Different Emissions Scenarios<p>In the decades ahead, climate change is anticipated to exert profound influences on the United States, with discernible alterations projected by the year 2070 and a more pronounced impact expected by 2099. Under prevailing emission scenarios, a pervasive elevation in temperatures is foreseen across the nation, <a href="https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/increased-frequency-and-population-exposure-extreme-heat-index-days-united-states" target="_blank">heralding</a> an era of heightened heatwaves and altered thermal regimes. This thermal shift is poised to reshape precipitation patterns, imparting regional variations in water availability and amplifying the risk of prolonged droughts in certain areas, while concurrently ushering in increased rainfall in others.</p><p>Sea levels, driven by the relentless melting of polar ice and glaciers, are <a href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70157139" target="_blank">envisioned to rise</a>, casting a specter of encroaching inundation and heightened vulnerability for coastal regions. The resultant surge in extreme weather events, including hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, portends a heightened susceptibility for communities, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Ecological equilibrium is likely to be disrupted as shifting temperature and precipitation patterns force adaptive responses in flora and fauna, with potential <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jan/18/extreme-heat-could-put-40-percent-land-vertebrates-peril-end-of-century-aoe" target="_blank">ramifications</a> for biodiversity and ecosystem stability.</p><p>Agricultural landscapes will undergo<a href="https://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/agriculture" target="_blank"> transformative changes</a>, with altered growing seasons and yields influenced by the evolving climate. This shift may engender both opportunities and challenges for food production and supply chains. Simultaneously, public health considerations will come to the forefront as rising temperatures contribute to the proliferation of diseases, exacerbating existing health risks and necessitating adaptive healthcare strategies.</p><p>While these projections offer insights into a plausible future, it is crucial to underscore the inherent uncertainties in climate modeling. The trajectory (scenario) of climate change is contingent upon global efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and the efficacy of international initiatives will play a pivotal role in shaping the extent of these anticipated changes.</p><p>The maps below created by Reddit user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/Gigitoe/" target="_blank">Gigitoe</a> shows American temperature zones predicted for 2070-2099 under different emissions scenarios.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRz5w0zyR0K4Ax09maXI_ygTDmLJWMTHn3jrfPpjBdk5DxTbAhly6zHx7-bC41C9oFuha5Qdm00ink1IGZ6qtSzPvHJcT1tcoooHwHQRGuTkzUEpAZ_wplTM9_3lAhyUdoWfvZaUSVJBCCYoacwJc1E7i3VLVGAqtJZk0A0fSolWtQiN-MgEk7AE5u0-M/s2160/us-climate-change-scenarios.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Contiguous U.S. Temperature Zones Predicted for 2070-2099 Under Different Emissions Scenarios" border="0" data-original-height="1944" data-original-width="2160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRz5w0zyR0K4Ax09maXI_ygTDmLJWMTHn3jrfPpjBdk5DxTbAhly6zHx7-bC41C9oFuha5Qdm00ink1IGZ6qtSzPvHJcT1tcoooHwHQRGuTkzUEpAZ_wplTM9_3lAhyUdoWfvZaUSVJBCCYoacwJc1E7i3VLVGAqtJZk0A0fSolWtQiN-MgEk7AE5u0-M/s16000/us-climate-change-scenarios.png" title="Contiguous U.S. Temperature Zones Predicted for 2070-2099 Under Different Emissions Scenarios" /></a></div><div><div>Predictions for U.S. temperature zones in the years 2070-2099 under different emissions scenarios are based on climate models that take into account various levels of greenhouse gas emissions. These scenarios, often referred to as Representative Concentration Pathways (<a href="https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/research/ukcp/ukcp18-guidance---representative-concentration-pathways.pdf" target="_blank">RCPs</a>), provide a range of possible future climate conditions. Here's a general overview of potential temperature zone changes:</div><div><br /></div><div>Under higher emissions scenarios (such as RCP 8.5, which represents a pathway with high greenhouse gas emissions), the U.S. is likely to experience more significant warming. This could result in a northward shift of temperature zones, with warmer conditions extending into traditionally cooler regions.</div><div><br /></div><div>Conversely, under lower emissions scenarios (like RCP 2.6, associated with more ambitious efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions), the magnitude of temperature increase is expected to be more moderate. This could lead to a relatively smaller shift in temperature zones, potentially preserving some of the current climate characteristics.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>In general, coastal areas might experience more substantial warming compared to inland regions due to the influence of ocean currents and other factors. Mountainous areas may also see unique temperature patterns, and changes in elevation can play a role in how temperature zones shift.</div><div><br /></div><div>For more on global warming and climate change in the United States have a look at the following books:</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/4aBTRCv" target="_blank">The Great Displacement: Climate Change and the Next American Migration</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3RYvfN8" target="_blank">Short Circuiting Policy: Interest Groups and the Battle Over Clean Energy and Climate Policy in the American States</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3TI0jlK" target="_blank">Investing in the Era of Climate Change</a></li></ul></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-19865263840871074232023-12-15T23:19:00.000-08:002023-12-15T23:19:12.757-08:00The Interest, Availability and Price of Solar-Powered Homes by U.S. State<p>In a world where rising energy costs can break the bank, it’s no wonder that the number of U.S. households installing solar panels is increasing by <a href="https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/80427.pdf" target="_blank">32%</a> every year.</p><p>Significant savings act as a primary motivator. Of those Americans who have either adopted or contemplated installing solar panels, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2022/10/14/home-solar-panel-adoption-continues-to-rise-in-the-u-s/" target="_blank">91%</a> cite the allure of potential reductions in utility bills. This proves to be a wise decision. Based on our calculations, the average solar system owner can save approximately $1,432 per year on their energy bills.</p><p>Depending on the <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/guides/solar/solar-net-metering/" target="_blank">local policies regarding net metering</a>, homeowners also have the option to sell excess energy back to the grid in exchange for credits on their power bills. However, despite the financial advantages, the initial expenses associated with installing solar panels can extend into the tens of thousands of dollars.</p><p>Recognizing these potential benefits, it becomes evident to consider a solar-powered home when searching for a property. But how does the market for such homes differ across the country? And in which areas do home buyers need to allocate more funds for a property equipped with solar capabilities?</p><p>To address these questions, The <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/guides/solar/cities-with-the-most-solar-home-listings/" target="_blank">MarketWatch</a> Guides team delved into Zillow home listings, gathering data on the total number of properties for sale that included the keyword "solar." This information allowed us to determine the prevalence of solar home listings in specific states and cities relative to the local population. By examining each listing's page views and price details, we calculated the median views per day and assessed how much additional investment a homebuyer might need to make for a solar-powered home compared to the average home in each city and state.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Key Findings</h2><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>On Zillow, Las Vegas boasts the highest number of solar-powered homes for sale (287) among all U.S. cities. Nevertheless, Goodyear, Ariz., takes the lead with the highest proportion of homes with installed solar for sale (57.87) per 100,000 of the population.</li><li>On a state level, California (6,014) and Florida (2,852) emerge with the most solar-powered homes available, while Hawaii (23.33) and Nevada (20.27) exhibit the highest numbers per 100,000 residents.</li><li>In terms of popularity, a typical solar home listing in Irvine, Calif., garners the highest daily views at 2,188, surpassing all other U.S. cities. Conversely, New Hampshire claims the spotlight at the state level, with its solar homes attracting the most views (1,799).</li><li>When it comes to pricing, solar-powered homes in Arkansas command the highest premium at 91.15% compared to a typical local home — the steepest premium among all states. In contrast, California boasts the lowest price premium at 4.13%.</li></ul><h2 style="text-align: left;">The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings</h2><div><br /></div><div>In the United States, if you're looking for a location with the highest number of solar-powered homes for sale, our search began by scrutinizing Zillow listings in various cities. The analysis revealed that Las Vegas takes the lead, with an impressive 287 solar homes currently available on the market. It's worth noting that a portion of these listings may be associated with the growing trend of <a href="https://www.8newsnow.com/news/local-news/solar-trend-turns-up-in-las-vegas-with-new-developments-completely-powered-by-sun/" target="_blank">entirely solar-powered developments</a> in and around the city, such as a <a href="https://www.reviewjournal.com/homes/real-estate-millions/luxury-homebuilders-reach-for-the-sun-include-integrated-solar-power-systems-2872811/" target="_blank">luxury community</a> featuring 51 homes, each equipped with rooftop panel systems.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_k96eMkCW_tThOM2htUZ-scry20DlVbh7pkFvp7vufSAYThuAmsqpvMNYkZSO5D6WxSKWaCSbiPgBQv2VuSFUyjtTZS2kGPpPfSFl2TJJNGhyKgaJ8oIwspMiEu4pPrZBtc84P7e5DsIclxIZbMHy5rka_MjDsa9Ebo_FRyfBxECxT8ClcBqgN9XgyQk/s3076/The-US-Cities-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings" border="0" data-original-height="3076" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_k96eMkCW_tThOM2htUZ-scry20DlVbh7pkFvp7vufSAYThuAmsqpvMNYkZSO5D6WxSKWaCSbiPgBQv2VuSFUyjtTZS2kGPpPfSFl2TJJNGhyKgaJ8oIwspMiEu4pPrZBtc84P7e5DsIclxIZbMHy5rka_MjDsa9Ebo_FRyfBxECxT8ClcBqgN9XgyQk/s16000/The-US-Cities-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings.png" title="The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings" /></a></div><div><div>Securing the second spot, New York boasts 218 solar-powered homes currently listed for sale. This trend isn't limited to the state itself; even the boroughs of New York City have experienced a<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/08/realestate/more-new-yorkers-embrace-solar-power.html" target="_blank"> notable increase in solar power installations</a> as residents seek more economical energy solutions and embrace eco-friendly living practices. Furthermore, newly constructed apartments available for sale are increasingly likely to feature solar power, a shift attributed to local regulations mandating "<a href="https://climate.cityofnewyork.us/subtopics/solar-and-storage/" target="_blank">solar or green roofs</a>" on all new developments.</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population</h2><div>In Goodyear, Arizona, the MarketWatch team discovered an impressive 57.87 solar-powered home listings per 100,000 residents — a figure surpassing all other cities in the country. Securing the top position in the ranking, which encompasses two other relatively <a href="https://www.arizona-demographics.com/cities_by_population" target="_blank">populous Arizona cities</a>, Goodyear benefits from <a href="https://www.goodyearaz.gov/our-city" target="_blank">over 300 days of sunshine annually</a>, making it an ideal locale for the implementation of solar power systems.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikSv__dFoXHgEN58HZDW8SsT60792lBP8WFwjspjnrZIsOl-wTjirjQFvBv0aXJJAQFDnGCqtAaTBWLbQQj8GDXoyIp10tVaQcIIPYwqCorF6nWC0gJYoW1T-J0nCZPuV9LQzAr41KMgL29OQLtegN3tDjfxba7JL0m_KO9oNkQdwPcK5UcMRvM_Mbn7c/s3278/The-US-Cities-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings-Relative-to-Population.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population" border="0" data-original-height="3278" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikSv__dFoXHgEN58HZDW8SsT60792lBP8WFwjspjnrZIsOl-wTjirjQFvBv0aXJJAQFDnGCqtAaTBWLbQQj8GDXoyIp10tVaQcIIPYwqCorF6nWC0gJYoW1T-J0nCZPuV9LQzAr41KMgL29OQLtegN3tDjfxba7JL0m_KO9oNkQdwPcK5UcMRvM_Mbn7c/s16000/The-US-Cities-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings-Relative-to-Population.png" title="The U.S. Cities With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population" /></a></div><br /><div>Leading the rankings are cities in California and Florida, with notable contributions from Menifee (55.76 listings per 100,000 people) and Cape Coral (47.93 listings). Two cities in Colorado, which are not typically considered part of the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sun-Belt" target="_blank">Sun Belt</a>, contradict the trend. <a href="https://pueblo-renewable-energy-transition-puebloco.hub.arcgis.com/" target="_blank">Pueblo</a> (43.07 listings) and <a href="https://bouldercolorado.gov/government/departments/climate-initiatives/about" target="_blank">Boulder</a> (39.82 listings) have both set goals to increase renewable energy generation by the 2030s.</div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings</h2><div><div>Moving on, the MarketWatch team charted the states boasting the highest number of solar-powered homes for sale, and California emerged as the leader with a total of 6,014 listings. This finding aligns with expectations, given that California has the <a href="https://www.seia.org/sites/default/files/2022-12/SEIA_Top10_Solar_States_2022-Q4.pdf" target="_blank">highest concentration</a> of solar-powered homes among all U.S. states. Following closely is Florida, with 2,852 listings, securing its position as the state with the third-highest count of solar-powered homes in the nation.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgGWurf-iU-K9sRmXrmNWloL3QUUg1zMGSqWeh2YMuU_aa9Pubkt9erBNLobuvaF7RdMsfTz24eTKjttDosqlrSEQYKoDBJUfV3HRc5yLWj-4zCIirxFnla2hRptMaWluAdGpTtJ5WklWh3c8coSQRWAPu7vvZ3svkCoA_9oK7YdwFS5xrcZo-ukb00bE/s3039/The-States-With-the-Most-Solar-Homes-Listings.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings" border="0" data-original-height="3039" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgGWurf-iU-K9sRmXrmNWloL3QUUg1zMGSqWeh2YMuU_aa9Pubkt9erBNLobuvaF7RdMsfTz24eTKjttDosqlrSEQYKoDBJUfV3HRc5yLWj-4zCIirxFnla2hRptMaWluAdGpTtJ5WklWh3c8coSQRWAPu7vvZ3svkCoA_9oK7YdwFS5xrcZo-ukb00bE/s16000/The-States-With-the-Most-Solar-Homes-Listings.png" title="The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Nevertheless, when considering the population, Hawaii stands out with the highest concentration of solar-powered homes on the market, boasting 23.33 listings per 100,000 people. This is particularly notable given the high cost of traditional energy in the state, where the average resident pays <a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/630090/states-with-the-average-electricity-price-for-the-residential-sector-in-the-us/" target="_blank">43.18 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh)</a> of electricity — the highest rate among all U.S. states.</div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population</h2><div>Following closely is Nevada, with 20.27 solar-powered home listings per 100,000 people. In Nevada, the average resident contends with an electricity rate of 17.59 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh). Renowned as one of the premier locations in the country for solar adoption, Nevada ranks as the <a href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/sunniest-states" target="_blank">third-sunniest U.S. state</a> based on annual hours of sunlight received. Furthermore, the state's energy provider, NV Energy, has expanded a solar farm by <a href="https://www.reviewjournal.com/business/energy/nv-energy-adds-7000-acres-to-existing-nevada-solar-farm-2801668/" target="_blank">7,000</a> acres this year, contributing to their efforts to achieve renewable energy goals set for 2030.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcxKa1gcIYZj-OU5Qm9frhy_b0EMT16zOn6cAgBFGC7Zz083R3eQkUAA1zK_ahgdrrzB9KQFCjbrjoNQsKILMYkUb1_JFcSn_kFN-WufOPob84fEi_AqcqAxYK29uwrlI4Wldc1mkmx_waVlcFPlvO7X-3HHAS9MgMLtCZ3RpTIviI7og4acCKFIPPIJ4/s3062/The-States-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings-Relative-to-Population.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population" border="0" data-original-height="3062" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcxKa1gcIYZj-OU5Qm9frhy_b0EMT16zOn6cAgBFGC7Zz083R3eQkUAA1zK_ahgdrrzB9KQFCjbrjoNQsKILMYkUb1_JFcSn_kFN-WufOPob84fEi_AqcqAxYK29uwrlI4Wldc1mkmx_waVlcFPlvO7X-3HHAS9MgMLtCZ3RpTIviI7og4acCKFIPPIJ4/s16000/The-States-With-the-Most-Solar-Home-Listings-Relative-to-Population.png" title="The States With the Most Solar Homes Listings Relative to Population" /></a></div><br /><h2 style="text-align: left;">The U.S. Cities Showing The Most Interest in Solar Homes</h2><div>An average solar-powered home listing in Irvine, California, garners an impressive 2,188 views per day — surpassing all other cities in the nation. Given the <a href="https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-05-11/orange-county-big-shift-older-cities-lose-population-as-irvine-south-county-boom" target="_blank">substantial population growth</a> experienced by the city, it's plausible that newcomers are actively exploring homes that offer the cost-saving advantages associated with solar power panels.</div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxusxOmYUb67CKYWrf-cuqPkyXP_aH3LoEo0H3ptwfejuKZUKOQilIS5jFiExKTuc31e5OK-9p_0oiwL1duC8WtLpfFR6cG5QsAGdragHUuhKPw75MYtWq8L3wkijetQj7Wy9E4T8VIuh12oj9_Y-NBlEpOk15WQkirNXeskz8vcKDX7fkuHzSpJ-Q_o8/s3130/The-US-Cities-Showing-the-Most-Interest-in-Solar-Homes.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="The U.S. Cities Showing the Most Interest in Solar Homes" border="0" data-original-height="3130" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxusxOmYUb67CKYWrf-cuqPkyXP_aH3LoEo0H3ptwfejuKZUKOQilIS5jFiExKTuc31e5OK-9p_0oiwL1duC8WtLpfFR6cG5QsAGdragHUuhKPw75MYtWq8L3wkijetQj7Wy9E4T8VIuh12oj9_Y-NBlEpOk15WQkirNXeskz8vcKDX7fkuHzSpJ-Q_o8/s16000/The-US-Cities-Showing-the-Most-Interest-in-Solar-Homes.png" title="The U.S. Cities Showing the Most Interest in Solar Homes" /></a></div>
Nine additional cities in California also secure notable rankings, with San Diego, for instance, accumulating 2,151 views. The inclusion of solar power as a must-have feature on property wish lists for home seekers in the state comes as no surprise. Solar power not only capitalizes on<a href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/sunniest-states" target="_blank"> California's abundant sunshine</a> but also serves as a viable alternative to combat high electricity bills. The average resident in California spends o<a href="https://www.energysage.com/local-data/electricity-cost/ca/" target="_blank">ver $3,000</a> annually on energy bills, which is 35% higher than the national average.
<br /><br />
Shifting our focus to states, the accompanying map below illustrates the median number of daily views that a typical solar-powered home listing attracts in each state.
</div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The States Showing The Most Interest in Solar Homes</h2><div><div>Solar-powered homes in New Hampshire lead in daily views on Zillow, garnering 1,799 views. Notably, over <a href="https://www.eia.gov/state/print.php?sid=NH" target="_blank">two-fifths of households</a> in the state rely primarily on fuel oil for home power, marking the second-largest share among all states. With the possibility of fuel reserves <a href="https://newhampshirebulletin.com/briefs/new-hampshire-heating-fuel-reserves-remain-low/" target="_blank">running low</a>, homebuyers in New Hampshire may be inclined to transition to renewable energy sources.</div><div><br /></div><div>Arkansas takes the spotlight for having the highest premium, with solar-powered homes being 91% more expensive than the average home — the highest among all states.</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8YFmdy-IlQOlHo5SzVFBCb1j1TwO6gy07BChF8qkeD7fXjG50U1d96yCPZ7YQ4s3McnWk3yNCYSxglP2AzVsdmgLCvgCSb0DEmozHvC23EBY2iu7rFdxYkY8v9DoGQrcLMfm3b35AjO5QV29XJv4YW3vA2uVld5Cj2zkS32W_0zoPRPKAzu8REsOlKQU/s2977/The-States-Showing-the-Most-Interest-in-Solar-Homes.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The States Showing The Most Interest in Solar Homes" border="0" data-original-height="2977" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8YFmdy-IlQOlHo5SzVFBCb1j1TwO6gy07BChF8qkeD7fXjG50U1d96yCPZ7YQ4s3McnWk3yNCYSxglP2AzVsdmgLCvgCSb0DEmozHvC23EBY2iu7rFdxYkY8v9DoGQrcLMfm3b35AjO5QV29XJv4YW3vA2uVld5Cj2zkS32W_0zoPRPKAzu8REsOlKQU/s16000/The-States-Showing-the-Most-Interest-in-Solar-Homes.png" title="The U.S. States Showing The Most Interest in Solar Homes" /></a></div><div>The <a href="https://www.seia.org/solar-industry-research-data" target="_blank">Solar Energy Industries Association</a> (SEIA) estimates the cost of installing a residential solar system to be upwards of $25,000. The MarketWatch Guides team's survey places the price between $15,000 and $20,000 for an 8-kilowatt (kW) system. Given these costs, it's evident that the average homeowner would need to invest tens of thousands of dollars to install a solar power system, making a property with pre-installed solar panels an appealing purchase.</div><div><div><br /></div><div>Now, in comparison to the median cost of local homes, where in the country are homebuyers paying the highest and lowest premiums for a solar home?</div></div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The States With The Highest and Lowest Price Premiums for Solar Homes</h2><div>In Arkansas, homebuyers face the highest premium, needing to invest 91.15% more than the standard price to purchase a solar-powered home. This elevated premium in Arkansas may stem from the state offering fewer solar incentives compared to others, potentially resulting in a limited availability of solar-powered homes. Furthermore, recent legislation passed in 2023 is set to curtail the number of net metering credits that solar-powered homes in Arkansas can receive for surplus energy fed back into the electric grid.</div><div><div><br /></div><div>On the opposite end of the spectrum, California boasts the lowest premium at 4.13%. As the state with the most abundant supply of solar-powered homes, it is relatively easier to find such properties on the market, thereby reducing the price premium. Following closely is New Jersey, with a 6.62% price premium. Like California, New Jersey features a substantial number of solar-powered homes and offers numerous incentives for installing personal solar systems.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioYKh-z8djRnhzsZcDJMIpgM91Qz_bfzU7Y5u3I5T3MxS2j4oBNgp5YLA89GRLAA4TFEYD9cVSZcKZ3W_kjFS0nEmYeTw9jR9QC2p0Nfn0ZA_dDpb-Hmb86eZi_ta8oK7-6Bv9An-WPYM35kk4X747CtGrcme-9WgtTUw9TR_sR8-1bTYhyphenhyphenl0Bupyyoaw/s2738/The-States-With-the-Highest-and-Lowest-Price-Premiums-for-Solar-Homes.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The States With The Highest and Lowest Price Premiums for Solar Homes" border="0" data-original-height="2738" data-original-width="2400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioYKh-z8djRnhzsZcDJMIpgM91Qz_bfzU7Y5u3I5T3MxS2j4oBNgp5YLA89GRLAA4TFEYD9cVSZcKZ3W_kjFS0nEmYeTw9jR9QC2p0Nfn0ZA_dDpb-Hmb86eZi_ta8oK7-6Bv9An-WPYM35kk4X747CtGrcme-9WgtTUw9TR_sR8-1bTYhyphenhyphenl0Bupyyoaw/s16000/The-States-With-the-Highest-and-Lowest-Price-Premiums-for-Solar-Homes.png" title="The States With The Highest and Lowest Price Premiums for Solar Homes" /></a></div><br /><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Methodology</h2><div><br /></div><div>In assessing the interest and availability of solar-powered homes by state, the study involved a comprehensive analysis of real estate listings sourced from the <a href="https://www.zillow.com/" target="_blank">Zillow marketplace</a>. The MarketWatch team ranked states and cities with a minimum population of 100,000, considering the total number of houses, townhomes, condos or co-ops, and apartment listings that included the keyword "solar."</div><div><br /></div><div>Population data was also incorporated to determine the number of listings with the keyword "solar" per 100,000 residents at both the city and state levels. Additionally, data on median daily views per listing, obtained from Zillow, played a pivotal role in calculating the price premium for homes with solar compared to those without in each state.</div><div><br /></div><div>It's important to note that this data analysis is accurate as of November 2023.</div></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-90297050698657807592023-12-15T02:33:00.000-08:002023-12-21T05:46:54.468-08:00The Unequal Distribution of Global Precipitation<p>Typically, the Earth experiences an annual precipitation of approximately one meter (39 inches) in the form of rain or snow. Nevertheless, variations in factors such as latitude, wind patterns, alterations in the Earth's surface, and the planet's axial tilt result in an uneven distribution of global precipitation.Typically, the Earth experiences an annual precipitation of approximately one meter (39 inches) in the form of rain or snow. Nevertheless, variations in factors such as latitude, wind patterns, alterations in the Earth's surface, and the planet's axial tilt result in an uneven distribution of global precipitation.</p><p>To illustrate this phenomenon, cartographer Perrin Remonté utilizes information from <a href="https://chelsa-climate.org/downloads/" target="_blank">Chelsea Climate</a>. The world is divided into two sections for visualization purposes. The first half, depicted in blue, receives an annual precipitation of more than one meter (rain or snow), while the second half receives less.</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxt2QyEqsG90vaOYWUwt37vDzMu4wCDtSGo3GF0KNzCObn_Rq4nERzFolxudOfaU1jfVfnpolhErNSgjr-SUp4UBzkZiHo2CvA7F88WRfB_Cp6TIItHGDdWpW1OOP-dzUVceHGkoHATBERL0UX-QYiRrXp_BNQOUlwOVfL2jZWNXft5jrZsiiN3KkBE4/s3346/unequal-distribution-of-global-precipitation.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Unequal Distribution of Global Precipitation" border="0" data-original-height="1811" data-original-width="3346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhxt2QyEqsG90vaOYWUwt37vDzMu4wCDtSGo3GF0KNzCObn_Rq4nERzFolxudOfaU1jfVfnpolhErNSgjr-SUp4UBzkZiHo2CvA7F88WRfB_Cp6TIItHGDdWpW1OOP-dzUVceHGkoHATBERL0UX-QYiRrXp_BNQOUlwOVfL2jZWNXft5jrZsiiN3KkBE4/s16000/unequal-distribution-of-global-precipitation.jpg" title="The Unequal Distribution of Global Precipitation" /></a></div><br /><p>Derived from the water cycle, precipitation initiates with evaporation. However, for moist air to transform into rain (or snow), it must first cool and condense. Here are some key factors that significantly influence precipitation:
</p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Lower Latitudes: Regions situated at or near the equator experience higher temperatures, leading to increased evaporation from nearby water bodies.</li><li>Topography: Mountain ranges, particularly those along coastlines, compel warm air to ascend and cool, resulting in precipitation like rain or snow on the windward side and arid rain shadows on the leeward side.</li><li>Trade Winds: Steady easterly surface winds, originating from subtropical high-pressure zones and blowing towards the equator, transport moist air from the ocean to the land.</li></ul><h3 style="text-align: left;">Top 10 countries with the highest average precipitation, mm</h3><p></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 1.25em 0px 0px; text-align: left;"></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Colombia: 3,240</li><li>Sao Tome & Principe: 3,200</li><li>Papua New Guinea: 3,142</li><li>Solomon Islands: 3,028</li><li>Panama: 2,928</li><li>Costa Rica: 2,926</li><li>Samoa: 2,880</li><li>Malaysi:a 2,875</li><li>Brunei Darussalam: 2,722</li><li>Indonesia: 2,702</li></ol><div><span face="Söhne, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="color: #374151; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">According to the <a href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.PRCP.MM?end=2020&start=2020" target="_blank">World bank data</a>, leading the rankings, Colombia encountered 3,240 millimeters (125.8 inches) of rainfall in 2020. This substantial precipitation can be attributed to Colombia's equatorial positioning, its proximity to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertropical_Convergence_Zone" target="_blank">Intertropical Convergence Zone</a> (where trade winds from both hemispheres converge), dual coastlines, and the presence of the Andes mountain range.</span></div><p></p><h3>Top 10 countries with the lowest average precipitation, mm</h3><div><div><ol style="text-align: left; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><li>Egypt: 18</li><li>Libya: 56</li><li>Saudi Arabia: 59</li><li>Qatar: 74</li><li>UAE: 78</li><li>Bahrain: 83</li><li>Algeria: 89</li><li>Mauritania: 92</li><li>Jordan: 111</li><li>Kuwait: 121</li></ol><div>Most of the countries with arid climates are in North Africa and the Middle East.</div><div><br /></div><div>Despite having sea coasts, countries in North Africa such as Egypt and Libya are arid. High-pressure systems block moist air, mountains create rain shadows, and cold ocean currents limit evaporation. The region falls within the 30-degree latitude band around the equator, which creates dry atmospheric conditions leading to the formation of deserts.</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rK84d42CVhA" width="320" youtube-src-id="rK84d42CVhA"></iframe></div><br /><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>To learn more about the climate of our planet have a look at the following books:</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/48gbcPy" target="_blank">Our Planet! There's No Place Like Earth</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3TIHPBF" target="_blank">The Atlas of a Changing Climate: Our Evolving Planet Visualized with More Than 100 Maps, Charts, and Infographics</a></li></ul></div></div></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-58492622021912295792023-12-08T00:55:00.000-08:002023-12-08T00:55:34.590-08:00 Migration of Humpback Whales<p>The leadership of the <a href="https://en.uit.no/prosjekter/prosjekt?p_document_id=505966" target="_blank">Whaletrack program</a>, aimed at mapping the migrations of Humpback and Killer Whales, is held by the Arctic University of Norway.</p><p>As whales journey thousands of miles from their feeding grounds in the Barents Sea in the Arctic to their winter breeding areas in the Caribbean Sea, their movements are meticulously tracked. The map below provides a visual representation of the pathways taken by different tracked whales.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguhz9jYmWx7jlOR7lqN1Hat58enwBoyV0KD7T63k1oo6lJBtJGkR8HVg8EyAfG4-r4n4rdYDGKfitXQQW5jRGsuiiiluOWlE_bJzrJDT7CvYxRNcGpzdSWxne3DgOeGqcSJC1M1IoJpUu1jSedQ12qPzBmfqsUmTAxXZi0RvkNUMoKcH7CStfSPbyjN5E/s3507/Whaletrack%20Tracking.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Migration of Humpback Whales" border="0" data-original-height="2480" data-original-width="3507" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguhz9jYmWx7jlOR7lqN1Hat58enwBoyV0KD7T63k1oo6lJBtJGkR8HVg8EyAfG4-r4n4rdYDGKfitXQQW5jRGsuiiiluOWlE_bJzrJDT7CvYxRNcGpzdSWxne3DgOeGqcSJC1M1IoJpUu1jSedQ12qPzBmfqsUmTAxXZi0RvkNUMoKcH7CStfSPbyjN5E/s16000/Whaletrack%20Tracking.png" title="Migration of Humpback Whales" /></a></div><br /><p>Here is interactive version of the map.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://whaletracking2018.uit.no/" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Whale migration" border="0" data-original-height="887" data-original-width="1750" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWHGbp9X2rTSNIUsGIIQ2zx-ojqSBkSYQ3uIY7MCcGNUzpDEdQKPAl04w426eO1_DJoGw3Cx3xBL0fb6rqN7JJlbvWm1f__Fy4ruE3MObCHCyU2Atbjnvwk6IkDp7JxSz0xeSAj75CAJBpOffyogmjwbROa0MhouA68z572_HLg0zct-7wSDRHQeQRsxQ/s16000/whales-migration.jpg" title="Whale migration" /></a></div><br /><p>The migration of Humpback Whales is a remarkable natural spectacle that unfolds across vast expanses of ocean, revealing the incredible navigational abilities of these marine giants. Humpback Whales (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humpback_whale" target="_blank">Megaptera novaeangliae</a>) are renowned for their long-distance migrations, covering thousands of miles as they travel between feeding and breeding grounds.</p><p>The migratory journey typically follows a distinct pattern. During the summer months, Humpback Whales venture to high-latitude, nutrient-rich feeding areas, such as the Barents Sea in the Arctic. Here, they capitalize on the abundance of prey, primarily small fish and krill, to accumulate the necessary energy reserves for the subsequent phases of their life cycle.</p><p>As the winter approaches and the availability of food decreases in these colder waters, Humpback Whales embark on their migration to warmer breeding grounds. One of the most well-known migration routes is observed in the North Atlantic population, where individuals traverse significant distances to reach the Caribbean Sea for the breeding season. The tropical waters provide a conducive environment for calving and nursing the newborns.</p><p>The migration itself is a complex behavior influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental conditions, reproductive cycles, and the need for suitable feeding and breeding habitats. Humpback Whales are known for their acrobatic displays during migration, breaching and slapping the water's surface with their flippers and tails, possibly as a form of communication or social interaction.</p><div>Want to learn more about whales? Then have a look at the following books:</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3t7cKMY" target="_blank">Encyclopedia of Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/48bY665" target="_blank">Whales: An Illustrated Celebration</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/482kWwA" target="_blank">Secrets of the Whales</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/4acCmsw" target="_blank">Handbook of Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises of the World</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3GyYSOz" target="_blank">National Geographic Readers: Whales</a></li></ul></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-9963755772190513212023-12-07T02:25:00.000-08:002023-12-07T02:25:43.147-08:00Global Temperature Rise by Country (2022-2100)<p>Numerous scientific bodies, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (<a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/" target="_blank">IPCC</a>), frequently emphasize the imperative of restricting planetary warming to a maximum of <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/2021/08/09/ar6-wg1-20210809-pr/" target="_blank">2°C</a> above pre-industrial levels.</p><p>However, it's crucial to recognize that this temperature increase won't unfold uniformly across the world, owing to variables like geography, weather patterns, ocean currents, and the impact of human actions.</p><p>To unveil the present and anticipated intricacies of this disparate warming, the following three maps, developed collaboratively with the National Public Utilities Council and employing the latest data from Berkeley Earth, visually depict the projected global temperature elevation on a country-by-country basis.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Current status of climate change</h2><p>The map presented below, created by the <a href="https://decarbonization.visualcapitalist.com/mapped-global-temperature-rise-by-country/" target="_blank">VisualCapitalist team</a>, illustrates temperature increases relative to the average temperatures of each country during the period 1850-1900.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjLqWp7GuYYQm2MJEf0pT9_4FdBhPgCNpiv0WPHRMasxbayIZKwvAACGN9-11k6IPtEielqKFNQ9-AEqLctrczvTLqYV5H6cWwhkz2FiYHj3ZXf7L8KglXLFAGBAvdXvwUMCPImP-DSHo6NNc8Yx0YtsBdyuKMT274-wa5qCoSu-TFX8B3BtkRJDATb4/s1380/global-temperature-rise.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Global Temperature Rise by Country" border="0" data-original-height="1380" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjLqWp7GuYYQm2MJEf0pT9_4FdBhPgCNpiv0WPHRMasxbayIZKwvAACGN9-11k6IPtEielqKFNQ9-AEqLctrczvTLqYV5H6cWwhkz2FiYHj3ZXf7L8KglXLFAGBAvdXvwUMCPImP-DSHo6NNc8Yx0YtsBdyuKMT274-wa5qCoSu-TFX8B3BtkRJDATb4/s16000/global-temperature-rise.jpg" title="Global Temperature Rise by Country" /></a></div><br /><p>Examining the warming trends in 2022, we observe that the average national warming (excluding oceans) has already surpassed those historical figures by 1.81°C. Notably, Mongolia has experienced the <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/7/1530" target="_blank">most substantial warming</a> at 2.54°C, while Bangladesh has witnessed the least at 1.1°C.</p><p>The map vividly demonstrates that warming is generally more pronounced in the Global North, a phenomenon attributed in part to <a href="https://www.climatesignals.org/climate-signals/arctic-amplification" target="_blank">Arctic amplification</a>.</p><p>Arctic amplification denotes the disproportionate warming occurring in the Arctic compared to the rest of the planet. This amplification is propelled by various feedback loops, including the reduction of albedo as ice cover diminishes. This reduction in albedo leads to increased heat absorption, further intensifying the warming effect.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Projected Climate Change in 2050 and 2100</h2><div><div>The following maps illustrate country-level projections for warming in 2050 and 2100.</div><div><br /></div><div>These projections are derived from the IPCC's <a href="https://www.climateneutralgroup.com/en/news/five-future-scenarios-ar6-ipcc/#:~:text=Scenario%203%20%E2%80%93%20Middle%20of%20the,trends%2C%20with%20no%20notable%20shifts." target="_blank">"middle-of-the-road" scenario</a>, known as Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 2-4.5. Among the different pathways outlined, this scenario aligns most closely with the anticipated emissions under existing policies.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">2050 Projections</h3><div>Under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, the anticipated average national warming in 2050 is projected to reach 2.75°C above the average temperatures recorded during 1850-1900. This projection encompasses varying degrees of warming, with Mongolia experiencing the most substantial increase at 3.76°C and New Zealand undergoing the mildest warming at 2.02°C.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH-N6sHHD0HrbBZTLsJ6BtoPdVXwG5rNwOnh2tv26P3s5mroqOPN2REm261b-j2jfP0qj5Ybyey_S1zImUpmKQhg2PASmiINCTwC88Q1VKye2t6K4NfGVfZoWAbUthzMRwLImL0uVTFz4Zn9Y0GhPBmr7MilKSPOTb7axTJ7PFJu0CS5ijxw6mfrBGbEg/s1380/Temperature-Rise-2050.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Projected Warming in 2050" border="0" data-original-height="1380" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiH-N6sHHD0HrbBZTLsJ6BtoPdVXwG5rNwOnh2tv26P3s5mroqOPN2REm261b-j2jfP0qj5Ybyey_S1zImUpmKQhg2PASmiINCTwC88Q1VKye2t6K4NfGVfZoWAbUthzMRwLImL0uVTFz4Zn9Y0GhPBmr7MilKSPOTb7axTJ7PFJu0CS5ijxw6mfrBGbEg/s16000/Temperature-Rise-2050.jpg" title="Projected Warming in 2050" /></a></div><br /><p>To provide perspective on these temperatures, consider the potential risks associated with them, as outlined in the <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/chapter/summary-for-policymakers/" target="_blank">IPCC's latest assessment report</a>:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b>Increased Frequency and Intensity of Extreme Weather Events: </b><br />Expect more frequent and intense extreme weather events, including heavy precipitation, associated flooding, and cyclones.</li><li><b>High Risks of Biodiversity Loss in Various Ecosystems:</b><br />Nearly all ecosystems, encompassing terrestrial, freshwater, coastal, and marine ecosystems, will face elevated risks of biodiversity loss.</li><li><b>Threat of Accelerated Sea Level Rise:</b><br />Coastal cities will be at risk due to accelerated sea level rise, potentially leading to mass displacement of populations.</li></ul><h3 style="text-align: left;">2100 Projections</h3><p></p><p>In the 2100 projections under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, there is a forecasted average national warming of 3.80°C.</p><p>Across the globe, more than 55 countries are anticipated to experience warming surpassing 4°C compared to their 1850-1900 averages, while nearly 100 countries are expected to exceed 3.5°C.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuLD77mKIczmIvm5g4FVgxeF8EVtUTeH8nv_RuBxtEnX0GsOpU3Dhg3GAAoddGpKZ0eP0Va3QYwtrGetRNKlYFu9a5me0DutofiMq7YUk9Zrpup_JenYKdF1fNUvxeFiOy_7wolhj8jcFV1bpC_sZwgTiZDjTlE8_1qNqln52ywWuUty5ih37fpBK7wJM/s1380/Temperature-Rise-2100.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Projected Warming in 2100" border="0" data-original-height="1380" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuLD77mKIczmIvm5g4FVgxeF8EVtUTeH8nv_RuBxtEnX0GsOpU3Dhg3GAAoddGpKZ0eP0Va3QYwtrGetRNKlYFu9a5me0DutofiMq7YUk9Zrpup_JenYKdF1fNUvxeFiOy_7wolhj8jcFV1bpC_sZwgTiZDjTlE8_1qNqln52ywWuUty5ih37fpBK7wJM/s16000/Temperature-Rise-2100.jpg" title="Projected Warming in 2100" /></a></div><br /><p>Consider the potential implications of such warming levels, as outlined by the IPCC:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><b>Extensive Species Endangerment: </b><br />Between 3% to 39% of terrestrial species will face very high risks of extinction.</li><li><b>Significant Water Scarcity Impact: </b><br />Cities, farms, and hydro plants will face considerable impacts from water scarcity. Additionally, about 10% of the world's land area will witness both exceptionally high and exceptionally low river flows.</li><li><b>Threats to Global Food Production: </b><br />Droughts, floods, and heatwaves will pose substantial threats to global food production and accessibility. This could lead to the erosion of food security and have a significant impact on nutritional stability at a global scale.</li><li><b>Catastrophic Risks to Humanity</b>: <br />Warming at this level is expected to pose substantial catastrophic risks to humanity, emphasizing the urgent need for swift and bold climate action.</li></ul><p></p><div>If you’re interested in learning more about climate change, consider the following books:</div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/483povh" target="_blank">How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/46GVL1G" target="_blank">The Physics of Climate Change</a></li></ul></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-33462814504362914882023-11-09T11:16:00.003-08:002023-11-09T11:16:59.005-08:00Most Cost-competitive Technologies For Energy Storage Visualized<p>Energy storage technologies have been rapidly evolving, driven by the growing demand for renewable energy integration and grid stability. Among the most cost-competitive technologies, <a href="https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/articles/how-lithium-ion-batteries-work" target="_blank">lithium-ion batteries</a> have emerged as a frontrunner. Their widespread use in electric vehicles has led to significant economies of scale, contributing to a reduction in costs. Moreover, advancements in battery chemistry, manufacturing processes, and materials have further enhanced the performance and cost-effectiveness of lithium-ion batteries.</p><p>Beyond lithium-ion, <a href="https://www.energy.gov/eere/water/pumped-storage-hydropower" target="_blank">pumped hydro storage</a> remains one of the most established and cost-effective forms of grid energy storage. This technology utilizes surplus electricity to pump water to a higher elevation and releases it to generate power during periods of high demand. Pumped hydro projects benefit from their long lifespan and high efficiency.</p><p>Innovative technologies such as flow batteries, which use liquid electrolytes stored in external tanks, are gaining attention for their potential cost-effectiveness and scalability. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium_redox_battery" target="_blank">Vanadium redox flow batteries</a>, in particular, have shown promise due to their ability to decouple power and energy capacity.</p><p>Furthermore, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed-air_energy_storage" target="_blank">compressed air energy storage (CAES)</a> is recognized for its ability to store large amounts of energy. During periods of excess energy generation, air is compressed and stored in underground caverns, and when electricity is needed, the compressed air is released to drive turbines and generate power.</p><p><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0e101a; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">The visualization below created by Reddit user </span><a class="editor-rtfLink" href="https://www.reddit.com/user/IainStaffell/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #4a6ee0; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;" target="_blank"><span data-preserver-spaces="true" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">IainStaffell</span></a><span style="color: #0e101a;"> shows which technology has the lowest whole-lifetime cost of storing electricity, across the full range of possible grid applications.</span></p><p><span style="color: #0e101a;">Colours on the chart symbolize the technologies with the lowest lifetime cost. Shading displays how substantial the cost advantage is over the second cheapest technology.</span></p><p><span style="color: #0e101a;">The axes display discharge duration and cycling frequency. They enfold the whole spectrum from second-by-second balancing applications (bottom right) up to inter-seasonal storage (top left), and everything in between.</span></p><p><span style="color: #0e101a;">Circled letters reveal grid services which can be monetized in various power markets.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='549' height='457' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyueQwaxEZcayp0KV4GJ0mxC8WbWCdZp6CZ9qH0dXdXFpetS1JGABhRHT6XeCSNHTvzTnpjPhHRk-IzkRUn6A' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><p><br /></p>Overall, the pursuit of cost-competitive energy storage is fostering continuous innovation and the integration of various technologies into a diversified energy storage portfolio, each with its advantages and suitability for different applications in the evolving landscape of renewable energy and grid resilience. <p></p><p>All data for creating this visualisation was taken from the book “<a href="https://amzn.to/3u99pgs" target="_blank">Monetizing Energy Storage</a>”. Forthcoming technology costs are based on projected reductions in investment costs over time. Lithium-ion becomes competitive over a broader range of applications in the future, as its costs are dropping faster than other technologies.</p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-22252208483879091322023-09-24T11:12:00.002-07:002023-09-24T11:18:32.226-07:00Animals Ranked by Eyesight and How They Compare to Humans<p>Have you ever been curious about how animals perceive the world? As animals have evolved with more intricate bodies and behaviors, their eyes have adapted to meet their survival requirements. The experts at <a href="https://www.lasikbyoclivision.com/90-animals-ranked-by-eyesight/" target="_blank">Lasik by OCLI Vision</a> have delved into the fascinating realm of animal eyes to produce a comprehensive guide comparing animal vision to that of humans. To rank these animals according to their eyesight, they took into account various factors, including precision in distance accuracy, perception of color and light, field of vision, and the speed of their vision based on flicker fusion frequency.</p><p>Below is the infographic of 90 animals ranked by eyesight and how they compare to humans.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">How the Rankings Work</h2><p>Humans are 0/0/0 on this chart and act as a point of reference. A 100 means that the animal is the best in that field compared to any other animal of thmrdass, except in the case of held of vision. Since many animals have 360 degrees of vision, they all get 100.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Distance</h2><p>The distance measure ranks how far animals can see compared to humans. This includes the ability to see prey in the dark, spot movement, and recognize patterns and shapes from a distance. So a higher score may not necessarily mean they can see the farthest, just that their eyes are more versatile across distances than humans.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Color/Light Perception</h2><p>The color/light perception measure ranks how well animals see in the dark and how many colors they can perceive compared to humans. The visible spectrum humans can see falls between ultraviolet light and red light. Humans typically have three types of photo pigments in their cones: red, green, and blue. This allows them to distinguish up to 10 million colors. Up to 12% of human females have four cone types, which enables them to perceive 100 times more colors. Many birds, insects, and fish have four cones, which enables them to see ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet light has shorter wavelengths than humans can perceive. Other animals, such as dogs, have fewer types and numbers of cones, which reduces how many colors they can perceive.</p><h2 style="text-align: left;">Field of Vision</h2><p>The field of vision measure ranks how the peripheral vision of animals compares to humans. Peripheral vision is how well you can see above, below, and to the sides of where your gaze is fixed. Eyes on the sides of the head typically allow for a wider field of vision. Prey animals and herbivores tend to have eyes on the sides of their head, enabling them to notice predators sneaking up on them. Most predators have front-facing eyes, which gives them a larger binocular visual field (where both eyes can see clearly together), helping them pinpoint and lock on prey over distances. If an animal has a field of vision of 360 degrees, they get 100 points.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilbNHzrb_nWeVu0qwWC9hUyDhLU1lrnjRBOtzJQJJZQBJxruWsEKfJQqERRbv5KLruQsMcJVK8oBKSt0X4RgALKszuLDRVTBH5rPNTCTAwlwtkE48hRa5hPnACto7kKRh6ylzqwP4v8hj_bMSqfaoTpRJYQRu2nzWLPSWzFTB-otVm2Mn9XN3TqdPkTrs/s11544/animals-ranked-by-eyesight.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="nimals Ranked by Eyesight and How They Compare to Humans" border="0" data-original-height="11544" data-original-width="1500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilbNHzrb_nWeVu0qwWC9hUyDhLU1lrnjRBOtzJQJJZQBJxruWsEKfJQqERRbv5KLruQsMcJVK8oBKSt0X4RgALKszuLDRVTBH5rPNTCTAwlwtkE48hRa5hPnACto7kKRh6ylzqwP4v8hj_bMSqfaoTpRJYQRu2nzWLPSWzFTB-otVm2Mn9XN3TqdPkTrs/s16000/animals-ranked-by-eyesight.png" title="nimals Ranked by Eyesight and How They Compare to Humans" /></a></div><p>The task of determining which animal boasts the best vision is far from simple, as there isn't a single clear winner. Selecting the ultimate eyesight champion in the animal kingdom is complex because every creature has evolved visual characteristics tailored to their survival needs. Moreover, various factors come into play when ranking animals' eyesight.</p><p>If you're contemplating which animal can see the farthest with the greatest precision, eagles undoubtedly take the crown. Eagle eyes are among the sharpest and most formidable in the animal kingdom, estimated to be approximately four to eight times stronger than the average human eye. Despite eagles weighing an average of 10 pounds, their eyes are roughly the same size as human eyes. Eagle vision excels at long distances and exhibits extraordinary color resolution and clarity. These birds can distinguish between five uniquely colored squirrel species and spot prey even when it's concealed. An eagle is believed to be capable of spotting a rabbit more than 2 miles away. During their rapid descents to strike prey, the muscles around their eyes continuously adjust the curvature of their eyeballs, ensuring sharp focus and accuracy throughout the entire process, including the attack itself.</p><p>In terms of 360-degree vision, chameleons are among the select few animals with a broader field of vision than goats and sheep. Chameleon's eyes can swivel far enough to provide them with a complete panoramic view of their surroundings, and they can move each eye independently.</p><p>In addition to chameleons, mantis shrimp, seahorses, dolphins, dragonflies, and certain bird species, like grackles, possess the ability to move their eyes individually.</p><p><br /></p><p>Sharks are believed to possess the best underwater vision, with eyesight approximately ten times better than that of humans when submerged. Under ideal conditions, sharks can see up to 30 to 50 feet ahead of them, even in the dimly lit depths of the sea. Some studies suggest they can spot objects 30 yards away in clear water. Shark eyes are equipped with a reflective layer called the tapetum, enabling them to see exceptionally well in low light conditions. Their eye placement provides them with nearly 360-degree vision.</p><p>Mantis shrimp are another underwater vision marvel, often described as having the best vision in the animal kingdom. They possess 16 photoreceptors, four times more than humans, allowing them to perceive a broader spectrum of light.</p><p>In terms of color perception, mantis shrimp stand out, but other creatures enjoy a stunning array of colors as well. Certain dragonfly species can see up to 30 different colors and are the fastest at perceiving their surroundings, with a rate of up to 300 frames per second. Honeybees also have excellent color vision, interpreting colors five times faster than humans. To bees, flower petals appear to sparkle and shift colors, signaling an abundance of nectar to collect.</p><p>Now, let's explore the vision of our furry friends. Dog vision is estimated to be around 20/75, meaning they need to be 20 feet from an object to see it as clearly as a human standing 75 feet away. Their color vision is limited compared to humans, as they have only two types of cones (compared to our three), restricting them to shades of gray, brown, yellow, and blue. Dogs perceive visual information about 25 percent faster than humans, a trait that may have evolved from their wolf ancestors, aiding in the detection of small prey movements.</p><p>Cats have nearsighted vision, ranging from 20/100 to 20/200. Similar to dogs, they possess a limited color range in their vision. However, their night vision is impressive, allowing them to see six to eight times better in low light conditions compared to humans.</p><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 100%;">
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(and Awards if Applicable) </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Values Compared to Humans </span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Birds</span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Bald Eagle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Distance Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> <br />
Eagles have the best eyesight in the animal kingdom and can spot and focus on
prey up to 2 miles away. Although eagles weigh only around 10 pounds, eagle
eyes are roughly the same size as human eyes. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
100<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Hawk <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Humans
with healthy eyes have 20/20 vision, but hawks have 20/4 or 20/5 vision. They
have a field of vision of about 278 degrees, compared to about 180 in
humans. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
90<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Owl <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Night Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> <br />
Eyes contain a combination of rods and cones. Rods interpret light, and cones
interpret color. The more rods an eye has, the better it sees in the dark.
Owls have a million rods per square millimeter in their eyes, a density five
times more than humans have. They have an extraordinary ability to spot prey
in the dark, the equivalent of a human spotting a mouse by the light of a
match a mile away. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50<br />
Color/Light Perception: 100<br />
Field of Vision: -40<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Woodcock <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best Bird
Field of Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><br />
Woodcocks can see 60° in the horizontal plane and 180° in the vertical plane.
This helps them spot predators while their beaks are underground searching
for worms.<br />
Woodcock eyes are set farther back than those of any other bird, and their
ears are below rather than behind the eye socket. Evolution pushed their
large eyes farther and farther back, causing the ears to shift below by
simple necessity. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50<br />
Color/Light Perception: 80<br />
Field of Vision: 100 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Peregrine Falcon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">These
falcons have binocular vision eight times superior to that of humans. They
can spot small prey more than a mile away. They are able to maintain sharp
vision even while diving at 180 miles per hour. A third eyelid protects their
eyes during these intense plunges. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
95<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pigeon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pigeons
have excellent eyesight — in fact, they have been called “eyes with wings.” </span><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">They have been used in search-and-rescue
missions. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 85<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goose<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Waterfowl
can see objects in fine detail up to three and a half times farther than
humans can. They can also see in near-total darkness, with night vision 12
times better than humans have. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 90 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">European Robin <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Ability
to See Magnetic Fields</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><br />
In addition to rods and cones, robins have special cells in the retina that
enable them to see magnetic fields, which is crucial for night orientation.
They also have a specialized brain region that compiles visual data about the
magnetic field, further enhancing night navigation. Only night migratory
birds have this brain region (called cluster N). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 95<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Hummingbird<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Hummingbirds
can see colors beyond our comprehension, including ultraviolet. They can also
see farther than humans and have a nearly panoramic field of vision. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
50<br />
Color/Light Perception: 95<br />
Field of Vision: 90 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Vulture<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Vultures
have keen eyesight — it is believed that they can spot a 3-foot carcass from
more than 4 miles away.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
95<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: -50<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Mammals</span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dog<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dogs,
like most other mammals, have only two types of cones. This enables them to
distinguish blue from yellow but not red from green. It is believed that they
have roughly 20/50 vision. At night, this reduces to 20/250. </span><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">However, they are much better at detecting
motion. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50 <br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-50<br />
Field of Vision: -30<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goats
have horizontal rectangular pupils, which gives them a field of vision from
320 to 340 degrees. This enables them to spot predators while they are
foraging. They also have excellent depth perception to help them jump and
climb over difficult terrain. Slit pupils give them an advantage in low-light
situations as well. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-30<br />
Color/Light Perception: 70<br />
Field of Vision: 90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Cat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">A
cat’s eyesight ranges from 20/100 to 20/200, so they cannot see nearly as far
as humans, but they can see in the dark six to eight times better. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-75<br />
Color/Light Perception: 25 <br />
Field of Vision: 20 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Naked Mole-Rat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The
naked mole-rat is mostly blind, but its eyes still serve a purpose —
detecting magnetic fields. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-100<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-95<br />
Field of Vision: -100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Horse<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Horses
have a nearly 360-degree field of vision with only two blind spots (directly
behind the tail and in front of their head). They are believed to have 20/30
to 20/60 vision. They have almost twice the rods that humans do, giving them
superior low-light vision. However, they are not adept at transitioning
between high and low light, which often makes them reluctant to enter dark
places. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-25<br />
Color/Light Perception: 40<br />
Field of Vision: 95<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Sheep<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Sheep
have a field of vision between 320 and 340 degrees, can see 20 feet away,
have good night vision, and cannot see the color red. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-20<br />
Field of Vision: 85<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tiger <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tigers’
forward-facing eyes aid in accurately accessing distance and depth of prey in
complex environments. Their night vision is around eight times greater than
humans’ is. They have a thick line of nerves running horizontally across
their eyes, which improves their peripheral vision. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-20 <br />
Color/Light Perception: 70<br />
Field of Vision: 10<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Cow<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Cows
can see everything around them except directly behind them and have poor
depth perception. However, they can see in dimmer light than humans
can. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 20<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pig<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pigs
have poor eyesight, which they make up for with their sense of smell, which
may be superior to that of dogs — they have 1,113 olfactory receptor genes
versus 811 in dogs. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-80<br />
Field of Vision: 50<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Squirrel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Squirrels’
peripheral vision is just as good as their focal eyesight. They can detect
small movements across long distances. Their night vision is quite poor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
10<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-80<br />
Field of Vision: 70<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Giraffe<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Giraffes
are among of the few mammals to be able to perceive color. They also have a
360-degree field of vision and can see far into the distance. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
70<br />
Color/Light Perception: 40<br />
Field of Vision: 100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Rhino<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Rhino
eyes are small for their size, contributing to their poor vision. They are
unable to see a motionless person just 15 feet away. </span><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">They also lack color vision. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-95<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-90<br />
Field of Vision: 50 <br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Bat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Bat
eyes are loaded with rods, enhancing their night vision. However, they have
poor clarity and are unable to see color. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-95<br />
Color/Light Perception: 60<br />
Field of Vision: 0<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Zebra<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Zebras
have keen eyesight and are able to spot movement over great distances. Their
large eyes are oriented to give them a wide field of vision to spot
danger. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 30<br />
Field of Vision: 90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tarsier <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tarsiers
have the largest eyes of any mammal relative to their body size, with each
eye having about the same volume as their brain. The high-density
photoreceptor cells and sharp visual acuity of their eyes help them catch
insects in the dark. Their eyes cannot move in their sockets, but they are
able to turn their heads 360 degrees. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-20<br />
Color/Light Perception: 95<br />
Field of Vision: 0<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Reindeer<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Arctic
reindeer eyes change from gold in the summer to blue in the winter, which
helps them navigate the shifting light levels of their extreme habitat. They
can also see UV light, which is helpful for spotting wolves and lichen (which
appear dark because they absorb UV light). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-20 <br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Camel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Camels
have adapted to have three eyelids and long eyelashes to protect their eyes
from sand and heat. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
60<br />
Color/Light Perception: 40<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Wolf <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Wolves
are nocturnal hunters, so they have excellent night vision and can detect
movement in low-light conditions far better than humans can. Their eyes lack
a foveal pit, which reduces their focusing abilities across distances. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-40<br />
Color/Light Perception: 20<br />
Field of Vision: -10<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Otter<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">A
specialized lens and cornea in an otter’s eyes correct for the refraction of
light that occurs when transitioning from aerial to aquatic vision. In bright
light, their vision is equally good above and below water; in dim light,
their underwater resolution is superior. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-70<br />
Color/Light Perception: 40<br />
Field of Vision: -20<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Amphibians/Reptiles</span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Chameleon <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Reptile Field of Vision </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Chameleons have unique visual features such as a
negative lens (concave shape), a positive cornea (convex shape), and
monocular focusing (individual focus of each eye). These attributes give them
laser-sharp focus. Their eyes also stick out from their head, giving them
panoramic vision. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 40<br />
Field of Vision: 100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Leopard Gecko <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Geckos
are believed to be 350 times more sensitive to light and color than humans,
making their night vision extraordinary. They also have 360-degree vision but
a short focal length, making them susceptible to far-striking
predators. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-90 <br />
Color/Light Perception: 100 <br />
Field of Vision: 100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Crocodile<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">While
crocodiles’ vision is six to seven times less sharp than human vision, they
have mirrored receptors and built-in goggles that help them see in dark
waters. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 70<br />
Field of Vision: 50<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Snake<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Snakes
have notoriously poor eyesight, which is why they rely on flicking their
tongue in the air to get a sense of their surroundings. </span><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Their tongues “smell” the environment and pinpoint
prey.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-30<br />
Field of Vision: -20<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Fish/Sea Creatures</span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Shark <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Underwater Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> <br />
Sharks are estimated to see ten times better underwater than humans can. In
the right conditions, they can see 30 to 50 feet ahead of them. They also
have exceptional night vision. The backs of their eyes have a reflective
layer called a tapetum, which allows them to see extremely well with little
light. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
50 <br />
Color/Light Perception: 95 <br />
Field of Vision: 95 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Mantis Shrimp<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Most
Complex Vision </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><br />
Mantis shrimp have 16 photoreceptors and can see UV, visible, and polarized
light. In fact, they are the only animals known to be able to detect
circularly polarized light (when the wave component of light rotates in a
circular motion, like we often see in bioluminescence and light reflected off
of iridescent materials like soap bubbles, beetle shells, and opals). Some
research suggests that they use circularly polarized light as a secret
communication system for courtship. <br />
Each eye moves independently, making their field of vision top-notch as
well. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50 <br />
Color/Light Perception: 100<br />
Field of Vision: 100 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Seahorse<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Seahorses
are known for their sharp eyesight. They are able to move their eyes
independently, so they can look in front of and behind them at the same time.
</span><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">This is useful for hunting
food. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
20<br />
Color/Light Perception: 50<br />
Field of Vision: 100 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Octopus <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Octopus
do not have a blind spot (like vertebrates do) because their optic nerves do
not pass through the eye’s light receptors but instead pass behind them. This
enables octopuses to see all around them. They can also perceive light
through their skin, enabling them to navigate in the dark. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-70<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 100 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Giant Squid<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Giant
squid have the largest eyes in the animal kingdom. This allows them to absorb
more light to see bioluminescent prey. They do not have cones, so their world
is likely black and white. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
20<br />
Color/Light Perception: 50<br />
Field of Vision: 30<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Blue Whale<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Broadly
speaking, a whale’s vision is about ten times worse than that of a human and
several times worse than that of a dog or cat. Their world is monochromatic
and blurry, but their hearing is superb! <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-90<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-80 <br />
Field of Vision: 50<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dolphin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dolphins
have limited color vision and poorer visual acuity than humans, but studies
have shown that their visual perception may be comparable to that of primates
like chimpanzees. They can see about 150 feet away, so they rely on
echolocation to increase their range of “sight.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-70<br />
Color/Light Perception:<br />
-60<br />
Field of Vision: 50 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Giant Ostracod<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Underwater Night Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><br />
Giant ostracods have two massive, mirrored eyes that they use to hunt
bioluminescent prey in the darkness of the deep ocean. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 100<br />
Field of Vision: 90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">California Purple Sea Urchin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">These
creatures have been described as “one big eye” because the surface of their
bodies is packed with photoreceptors. This extreme light sensitivity enables
them to see in every direction, even though they don’t have eyes. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50<br />
Color/Light Perception: 95<br />
Field of Vision: 100 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goldfish <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goldfish
see clearly within a range of 15 feet and see combinations of red, green,
blue, and ultraviolet light. Since they do not have eyelids, they need 8 to
12 hours of total darkness to rest. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-90<br />
Color/Light Perception: 30<br />
Field of Vision: -30<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Insects/Invertebrates</span></b><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Australian Swallowtail <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">These
butterflies have 15 different types of photoreceptors, while most butterflies
have four. They have extraordinary color vision to help them find flowers,
which look even more incredible to them than they do to humans! The receptors
also help them detect very specific types of color stimuli, such as objects
hidden in vegetation or fast-moving objects. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-80<br />
Color/Light Perception: 100 <br />
Field of Vision: 90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dragonfly <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Best
Color Vision/Most Lenses </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><br />
While humans are able to see combinations of three colors (red, blue, and
green), dragonflies can see up to 30 different pigments! They also see faster
than we do, from 200 to 300 images per second (compared to our 60). Nearly
80% of a dragonfly’s brain is dedicated to sight. They can also see in all
directions at the same time. Some species of dragonfly have more than 28,000
lenses per eye, more than any other creature. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-50<br />
Color/Light Perception: 100<br />
Field of Vision: 100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Horsefly <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Horseflies
are able to see heat — they use thermal imaging to locate hosts for feeding.
They can also track large moving objects, especially dark-colored ones, even
in the midst of fast flight. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
10<br />
Color/Light Perception: 80<br />
Field of Vision: 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Honeybee<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Fastest
Color Vision</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"> <br />
Bees can distinguish colors five times faster than humans can. Flower petals
also appear to sparkle and change color to them, drawing them in. This is
because they can see into the UV spectrum. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-95<br />
Color/Light Perception: 90<br />
Field of Vision: 65<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ant <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The
smaller the ant, the blurrier the vision. That is because smaller ants have
fewer ommatidia, the units that make up insects’ compound eyes. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-95<br />
Color/Light Perception: 30<br />
Field of Vision: -80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ogre Spider<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Ogre
spiders have two massive, hypersensitive eyes and six smaller ones. This
gives them outstanding night vision, about 2,000 times greater than humans
have. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-70<br />
Color/Light Perception: 100<br />
Field of Vision: 100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 15.68%;" valign="top" width="15%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dung Beetle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 61.3%;" valign="top" width="61%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dung
beetles’ eyes are so sensitive to light that they are believed to be able to
see the Milky Way as a hazy stripe streaking across the night sky. They use
the galaxy as a compass reference, helping them roll dung balls in straight
lines in the dark. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 23.02%;" valign="top" width="23%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #081f3b; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Distance:
-90<br />
Color/Light Perception: 95<br />
Field of Vision: 0<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><p>Lastly, the term "critical flicker fusion frequency" (<a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/4/800#:~:text=The%20critical%20flicker%20fusion%20frequency,common%20test%20for%20eye%20diseases." target="_blank">cFFF</a>) comes into play. This concept represents the frequency at which flickering light appears continuous and is used to assess temporal vision processing. Animals that fly require a high CFF threshold to detect rapidly approaching objects and avoid collisions. Most movies are demonstrated in 24 frames per second, which is the minimum that appears to flow realistically for Homo sapiens. </p><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "inherit",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Animal</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; color: #081f3b; font-family: "inherit",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; padding: 0cm;">Upper CFF Threshold</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dragonfly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">300<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Honeybee<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">200<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pied Flycatcher<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">146<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Collared Flycatcher<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">141<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Pigeon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">143<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Peregrine Falcon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">129<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">120<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Starling<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Rock Dove<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Yellow-Pine Chipmunk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Cat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Chicken<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">90<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Rhesus Monkey<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">95<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Sheep<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Dog<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Green Iguana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Yellowfin Tuna<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Fruit Fly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Emperor Moth<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">75<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Common Octopus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">72<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Atlantic Salmon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">72<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tree Shrew<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">70<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Goldfish <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">67<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Human<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">60<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Anole<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">70<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Guppy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">67<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Siamese Fighting Fish<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">60<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">American Red Squirrel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">60<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Euphausiid Shrimp<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">57<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Hermit Crab<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">53<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">American Crayfish<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">53<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Guinea Pig<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">50<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tuatara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">45.6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Great Horned Owl<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">45<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">American Cockroach<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">42.5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Euphausiid Krill<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">40<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Green Sea Turtle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">40<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Loggerhead Sea Turtle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">40<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Jumping Spider<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">40<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Brown Rat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">39<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Japanese Rice Fish<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">37.5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Lemon Shark<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">37<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Harp Seal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">32.7<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Oplophorus Shrimp<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">32<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tiger Salamander<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">30<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Sprague Dawley Rat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">30<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Rainbow Trout<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">27<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Sergestid Shrimp<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">25<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Swordfish<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">22<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Green Frog<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">21<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Tokay Gecko<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">20<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Common Eel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">14<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Wolf Spider<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">10<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">Cane Toad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #081f3b; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: RU; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">6.7<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><b>Data sources:</b></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://www.audubon.org/" target="_blank">National Audubon Society</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/" target="_blank">Natural History Museum</a></li><li><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" target="_blank">National Library of Medicine</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/" target="_blank">National Geographic</a></li></ul><div>To learn more about vision in nature see:</div></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3t6kaj4" target="_blank">Eyes to See: The Astonishing Variety of Vision in Nature</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3RwKUTY" target="_blank">Seeing the Light: Optics in Nature, Photography, Color, Vision, and Holography</a></li></ul></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-60978917596535725172023-09-22T01:22:00.000-07:002023-09-22T01:22:33.934-07:00What if all glaciers on Earth melted?<p>If all the ice on Earth were to melt, it would lead to a significant rise in global sea levels. Currently, the ice on Earth is estimated to contain enough water to raise sea levels by approximately <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/rising-seas-ice-melt-new-shoreline-maps" target="_blank">216 feet (66 meters)</a>.</p><p>The maps below, created by Reddit user <a href="https://www.reddit.com/user/mydriase/" target="_blank">mydriase</a>, show what would happen with the European continent if all glaciers on Earth will melt.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPeezbJN-ynvPtZLz1cm73XwoRzuWxGXFUa5TKXLO4aRnmh5yxvbDpSGF6dpM0N-rWiCmms7JOIaZNxRcWwnd3dx9Xj09j7JqO4A6x5eEJD292VJdj-JxdKZk-DXPxcw8lNFzjRvppHifKFyY9dkS5BnJn5oc-tgPD565wvx2outcSzAwgIqK2kRmkHAs/s2254/europe-without-ice2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted?" border="0" data-original-height="2238" data-original-width="2254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPeezbJN-ynvPtZLz1cm73XwoRzuWxGXFUa5TKXLO4aRnmh5yxvbDpSGF6dpM0N-rWiCmms7JOIaZNxRcWwnd3dx9Xj09j7JqO4A6x5eEJD292VJdj-JxdKZk-DXPxcw8lNFzjRvppHifKFyY9dkS5BnJn5oc-tgPD565wvx2outcSzAwgIqK2kRmkHAs/s16000/europe-without-ice2.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBFoH1zvoZSLKT2AGaSiyXGRUi1XJAHp0wCeKVRZvbyy9cuY24wnDbAmqVsHRQhzD6Z_kM9PKZa7geIR5cwgH0eod3_jK5fyamGLDEJ8iUneWLr3QMxNu5_kYGLvgG49HgqTevaTeOtMPZ9Grfx5ASJCfInhZziCQQs4VryCzH6QLVQ8-RSp9WNGJeoEg/s2212/europe-without-ice3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Germany)?" border="0" data-original-height="2184" data-original-width="2212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBFoH1zvoZSLKT2AGaSiyXGRUi1XJAHp0wCeKVRZvbyy9cuY24wnDbAmqVsHRQhzD6Z_kM9PKZa7geIR5cwgH0eod3_jK5fyamGLDEJ8iUneWLr3QMxNu5_kYGLvgG49HgqTevaTeOtMPZ9Grfx5ASJCfInhZziCQQs4VryCzH6QLVQ8-RSp9WNGJeoEg/s16000/europe-without-ice3.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Germany)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMiskHL7pMICUJRUOXuhEkoZ8LeNDwDeXaQ2v8g54I-mdrqrCE2ODscQSRUsWmSJrQVs1ge-IoIUDTrha32G4Tc_96tvf-11l_HVzfF52pSU__4yo3ysSmcyjLrPVu_sTzy5sAKpIFOSdo1GrLbbzn43Kav8bZKXXjmmgJOgepaxTF7rsT0XUGJiIq9q8/s2212/europe-without-ice4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (British Isles)?" border="0" data-original-height="2184" data-original-width="2212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMiskHL7pMICUJRUOXuhEkoZ8LeNDwDeXaQ2v8g54I-mdrqrCE2ODscQSRUsWmSJrQVs1ge-IoIUDTrha32G4Tc_96tvf-11l_HVzfF52pSU__4yo3ysSmcyjLrPVu_sTzy5sAKpIFOSdo1GrLbbzn43Kav8bZKXXjmmgJOgepaxTF7rsT0XUGJiIq9q8/s16000/europe-without-ice4.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (British Isles)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYxi9dpoVx6HIjnUo3dnbJqCd8fWhyQZncp5QJzreDyoUPKK2iAun5gh2LvcWJ0Qv9Mz5upp2m0QT9SZ-3-hujlivWtE9fOR3amwZgpsdWsKCYclZl6h5o4LNuqre0JNCASBH_ClLCWWwWdJpzUvwN6EgpkxsvqfsvGhF7aa57a_Gj4BTFH9Drp9FXvCI/s2404/europe-without-ice5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Spain)?" border="0" data-original-height="2322" data-original-width="2404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYxi9dpoVx6HIjnUo3dnbJqCd8fWhyQZncp5QJzreDyoUPKK2iAun5gh2LvcWJ0Qv9Mz5upp2m0QT9SZ-3-hujlivWtE9fOR3amwZgpsdWsKCYclZl6h5o4LNuqre0JNCASBH_ClLCWWwWdJpzUvwN6EgpkxsvqfsvGhF7aa57a_Gj4BTFH9Drp9FXvCI/s16000/europe-without-ice5.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Spain)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_IZpyuvLYYruf-DPv4lO-_8fd5rxj4X_DHkIS-2G_uA9QdvBgwxxHVtwil5-GFDJqKaIWqIZhaou-vfi9yiKV-m9SdhGvfKulB8VWlkmNEBi8ShOzfMmKx4f-Spc-xsU1eWpPBcoZTAyEMSZb4Nb9mAsAyQimR4weV_Ls2-99y-etoVEnJRUGOKxDdIc/s2240/europe-without-ice6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Italy)?" border="0" data-original-height="2238" data-original-width="2240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_IZpyuvLYYruf-DPv4lO-_8fd5rxj4X_DHkIS-2G_uA9QdvBgwxxHVtwil5-GFDJqKaIWqIZhaou-vfi9yiKV-m9SdhGvfKulB8VWlkmNEBi8ShOzfMmKx4f-Spc-xsU1eWpPBcoZTAyEMSZb4Nb9mAsAyQimR4weV_Ls2-99y-etoVEnJRUGOKxDdIc/s16000/europe-without-ice6.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Italy)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhFNVmHccZpj2izfaLkoQZ9uzpju9A1Wpca8xmOB9KnOJ4oldR8TYnHzZa3JtqZ9ftPTO1rU_Q2FXpWFZX7mkP5kfPYGzQwqQeEX9nh-XId-6fNSSjbtRMju6lddIpB_2BJjKwf-pd_jZy1KOZDzumU9cLSBMo18a9FNG9K1xbvKCRsW7lvg1lYN8gHK8/s2240/europe-without-ice7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Northern Sea)?" border="0" data-original-height="2238" data-original-width="2240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhFNVmHccZpj2izfaLkoQZ9uzpju9A1Wpca8xmOB9KnOJ4oldR8TYnHzZa3JtqZ9ftPTO1rU_Q2FXpWFZX7mkP5kfPYGzQwqQeEX9nh-XId-6fNSSjbtRMju6lddIpB_2BJjKwf-pd_jZy1KOZDzumU9cLSBMo18a9FNG9K1xbvKCRsW7lvg1lYN8gHK8/s16000/europe-without-ice7.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Northern Sea)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiL2hHyYYndv3LwEgDHCNT_ydEjqhjaymDOIAeqp6CLpYH7PT3-N3MpfbYaSBNx6PmNKZzxSVRxcmyfJl2a9sOPeDauwg9uahNi9cWArGYn0I4ZhFavn1vbL8hxmcgSqmX5aSCshAtenS7OztM8NFNQBEMGzONhp1ZmmTDo_qzSEn9Kcy82ydo3yv49Zg/s2254/europe-without-ice8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Northern Sea)?" border="0" data-original-height="2238" data-original-width="2254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiL2hHyYYndv3LwEgDHCNT_ydEjqhjaymDOIAeqp6CLpYH7PT3-N3MpfbYaSBNx6PmNKZzxSVRxcmyfJl2a9sOPeDauwg9uahNi9cWArGYn0I4ZhFavn1vbL8hxmcgSqmX5aSCshAtenS7OztM8NFNQBEMGzONhp1ZmmTDo_qzSEn9Kcy82ydo3yv49Zg/s16000/europe-without-ice8.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Northern Sea)?" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXhDlolbEjwlB7tU5ZMs89DFby889r1tHL8O9TjwbpDXuh44EJ92LQ3q_bB_rmDwIzJV6Y9DMO_xKIhWCZZCKQTC3ghQ3dzoOSiQHM4aJVDRt9gpG2wmotMaPYT2nm8hu9IhuxxTR8f_SP8--0iJOOmjOI1gdRaZMosiOhLnDCDiXVeR_8KPppUQ9WcC0/s3500/europe-without-ice.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Europe)?" border="0" data-original-height="3483" data-original-width="3500" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXhDlolbEjwlB7tU5ZMs89DFby889r1tHL8O9TjwbpDXuh44EJ92LQ3q_bB_rmDwIzJV6Y9DMO_xKIhWCZZCKQTC3ghQ3dzoOSiQHM4aJVDRt9gpG2wmotMaPYT2nm8hu9IhuxxTR8f_SP8--0iJOOmjOI1gdRaZMosiOhLnDCDiXVeR_8KPppUQ9WcC0/s16000/europe-without-ice.png" title="What if all glaciers on Earth melted (Europe)?" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>If all the ice on Earth were to melt, Europe, like many other continents, would experience significant changes in its coastline. Coastal areas would be submerged, leading to the loss of land and displacement of populations. Borders between countries in Europe would also be affected, as coastlines would shift, potentially necessitating adjustments to maritime boundaries. Many low-lying coastal cities and regions, including parts of the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, and the United Kingdom, would be severely impacted. Mitigation efforts and adaptation strategies would be necessary to address the consequences of such a sea level rise.</p><p>This scenario is, however, highly unlikely to occur in the near future. It would require extremely high global temperatures and potentially thousands of years to melt all the ice currently on Earth. </p><p>However, in the past, there have been periods of natural climate change when much of the Earth's ice melted. One of the most notable instances was during the last interglacial period, known as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eemian" target="_blank">Eemian</a>, which occurred approximately 130,000 to 115,000 years ago. During this period, global temperatures were higher than they are today, and sea levels were estimated to be around 20 to 30 feet (6 to 9 meters) higher than they are currently.</p><p>To learn more about climate change and sea level rises, see:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3tbc7kX" target="_blank">The Truth About Energy, Global Warming, and Climate Change: Exposing Climate Lies in an Age of Disinformation</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/45ZNtTa" target="_blank">A Brief History of the Earth's Climate: Everyone's Guide to The Science of Climate Change</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3LzNPYh" target="_blank">How to Prepare for Climate Change: A Practical Guide to Surviving the Chaos</a></li></ul><p></p><div><br /></div>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-27366942247426475782023-08-27T12:24:00.007-07:002023-08-27T12:24:59.519-07:00A New Epoch in the Earth’s Timeline<p>Throughout the span of Earth's history, the planet has undergone profound transformations in its terrain, climate, and biodiversity, all of which are meticulously preserved beneath the surface.</p><p>Layers within the Earth's crust serve as a repository of clues documenting pivotal junctures that have profoundly reshaped the Earth, encompassing episodes like the <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2017/05/coastlines-of-ice-age.html">ice age</a> and impacts by asteroids. Utilizing this geological time scale, scientists have recently designated the Anthropocene as the forthcoming significant epoch.</p><p>In this visual representation, the <a href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/anthropocene-new-epoch-earths-history/" target="_blank">Visual Capitalist team</a> delves into the depths of Earth's <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2018/04/geologic-time-periods.html" target="_blank">geological timeline</a> to unveil the transitions between epochs, shedding light on the specific occurrences that demarcate these distinct eras.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh52dWlz_-IbxHTrm5qDdU35RwmEC7aWYz-dQelj178bYBP9GH9uADOuZKbPZtGv1JWDPpZyJS233UCTSPmv9UeuXB3NTf7lJQssGPFbCfOzEPoBCOVv1P5jHsPxdbYhfpKyniApo_b4K-zZ7dd9GjKUGpBiTL4-QnoFvH4XRwNONdNewvgcSQ0wmynKVg/s2043/anthropocene.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Anthropocene" border="0" data-original-height="2043" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh52dWlz_-IbxHTrm5qDdU35RwmEC7aWYz-dQelj178bYBP9GH9uADOuZKbPZtGv1JWDPpZyJS233UCTSPmv9UeuXB3NTf7lJQssGPFbCfOzEPoBCOVv1P5jHsPxdbYhfpKyniApo_b4K-zZ7dd9GjKUGpBiTL4-QnoFvH4XRwNONdNewvgcSQ0wmynKVg/s16000/anthropocene.png" title="Anthropocene" /></a></div><br /><p>Earth's geological past is categorized into numerous distinct <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2018/04/geologic-time-periods.html">units</a>, spanning from expansive eons down to specific ages. The duration of each unit varies, shaped by significant occurrences, such as the disappearance and emergence of new species.</p><p>Imagine slicing a mountain in half—an intriguing tapestry of layers would come into view, each narrating the progression of time. These strata are distinguished by variations in chemical composition and the sediment amassed over the ages.</p><p>Certain divisions are particularly clear and extensively apparent in the geological record, earning them the moniker "golden spikes." These distinctive markers can encompass changes of climatic, magnetic, biological, or isotopic (chemical) characteristics.</p><p>The Earth's journey has encompassed numerous epochs, culminating in the contemporary Anthropocene era.</p><p>These periods span diverse epochs, such as the Early Devonian, initiating the emergence of initial shell organisms 400 million years ago, and the trio of Jurassic epochs, witnessing the ascendancy of dinosaurs as predominant land vertebrates.</p><p>For the past 11,700 years, we've resided in the Holocene epoch, a notably steady phase that facilitated the rise of human civilization. Yet, in the wake of millennia of human influence, this epoch is rapidly yielding to the arrival of the <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2021/12/man-made-planet.html">Anthropocene</a>.</p><p>The Anthropocene is characterized by a multitude of marks left on the Earth, such as the widespread dispersion of <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2023/02/highest-ocean-plastic-waste-polluters.html">plastic particles</a> and a conspicuous rise in <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2022/05/countries-by-co2-emissions.html">carbon dioxide</a> levels within sediments.</p><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 100%;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Epoch<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">Its start (MYA = Million Years Ago)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Anthropocene<o:p></o:p></p>
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<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">70 Years Ago<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Holocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">0.01 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Pleistocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">2.58 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Pliocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">5.33 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Miocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">23.04 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Oligocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">33.90 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Eocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">56.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Paleocene<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">66.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Cretaceous<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">145.0 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Jurassic<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">201.40 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Triassic<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">251.90 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Lopingian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">259.50 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Guadalupian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">273.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Cisuralian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">300.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Pennsylvanian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">323.40 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Mississippian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">359.30 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Devonian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">419.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Silurian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">422.70 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Ludlow<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">426.70 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Wenlock<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">432.90 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Llandovery<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">443.10 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 22;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Ordovician<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">486.90 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Furongian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">497.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Miaolingian<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 59.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="79">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">521.00 MYA<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
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</tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><p>The most unequivocal indicator of this shift in the geological era, and the designated "golden spike" for the Anthropocene, is the presence of radioactive plutonium resulting from <a href="https://ilovehistory.utah.gov/1950s-nuclear-testing-and-the-downwinders/" target="_blank">nuclear tests in the 1950s</a>.</p><p>The best example has been discovered in the sediment of Ontario's Crawford Lake. This lake features <a href="https://www.conservationhalton.ca/crawford-lake-studies/" target="_blank">two separate layers of water</a> that remain distinct, causing settling sediments to accumulate in discernible strata at the lakebed across time.</p><p>Although the International Commission on Stratigraphy proclaimed the inception of the new epoch in <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/11/world/anthropocene-epoch-geological-time-unit-scn/index.html" target="_blank">July 2023</a>, Crawford Lake's recognition as the epoch-defining site is still pending. If chosen, our planet will formally enter the <a href="https://canadiangeographic.ca/articles/the-anthropocene-is-here-and-tiny-crawford-lake-has-been-chosen-as-the-global-ground-zero/" target="_blank">Crawfordian Age of the Anthropocene</a>.</p><p>To learn more about Anthropocene, have a look at the following books and movies:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3qX6Wo1" target="_blank">The Anthropocene Reviewed: Essays on a Human-Centered Planet</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3Pg2oTk" target="_blank">Learning to Die in the Anthropocene: Reflections on the End of a Civilization</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3Pfra60" target="_blank">Anthropocene: The Human Epoch</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-85662046125694804792023-08-27T11:39:00.005-07:002023-08-27T12:07:00.091-07:00Antarctica' Shrinking Sea Ice<p>Researchers have been monitoring the expanse and density of Antarctic sea ice for numerous years, with the recent two years triggering worldwide concerns.</p><p> As temperatures set new records globally, the ice sheet covering the southernmost continent has noticeably diminished compared to previous decades. </p><p>The graphic created by the <a href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/antarctica-sea-ice-loss-2023/" target="_blank">Visual Capitalist team</a> employs tracking information sourced from the <a href="https://usicecenter.gov/" target="_blank">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)</a> and the <a href="https://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-ice-graph/" target="_blank">National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC)</a> to illustrate the current sea ice extent in Antarctica, reflecting data up to August 2023.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0g6uszEdkI5LSrFi32vjLD92tI1desUA45fx95bEFM5vqLsO_CmQECrT5PLMrdAnBOaRepfgNustGvFbUzUkj_4aiJ9K0C9kVl6KtzCq5XxmSiiCCMLXPWcTB90nw4mS33xsQ-BE8nY0feCTpUmT5NbBU-PT4N490cxHZOSsfEQJCFm5QUVlBhNdB1Zo/s2265/Tracking-Antarctica-Sea-Ice-Loss.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="In 2011 and 2023, sea extent in Antarctica continued to reach record lows." border="0" data-original-height="2265" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0g6uszEdkI5LSrFi32vjLD92tI1desUA45fx95bEFM5vqLsO_CmQECrT5PLMrdAnBOaRepfgNustGvFbUzUkj_4aiJ9K0C9kVl6KtzCq5XxmSiiCCMLXPWcTB90nw4mS33xsQ-BE8nY0feCTpUmT5NbBU-PT4N490cxHZOSsfEQJCFm5QUVlBhNdB1Zo/s16000/Tracking-Antarctica-Sea-Ice-Loss.png" title="In 2011 and 2023, sea extent in Antarctica continued to reach record lows." /></a></div><br /><p>Based on satellite information monitored by the NSIDC, the expanse of sea ice in Antarctica has diminished to unprecedented levels. </p><p>A comparison with historical data dating back to 1979 reveals that 2023 has observed daily record <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2023/06/antarctic-ice-loss-compared.html">lows in sea ice extent</a> persistently throughout the year.</p><p>On August 24, 2023, the sea ice extent in Antarctica had reduced by 1.42 million square kilometers (0.55 sq. mi) compared to the previous year. When contrasted with the median extent for the same date spanning 1980 to 2010, the reduction was even more pronounced at 2.07 million square kilometers (0.80 sq. mi).</p><p>It's important to note that July and August represent the <a href="https://www.weatherandradar.co.uk/weather-news/winter-is-just-starting-early-record-cold-arrives-in-antarctica--b022df00-9cc5-466e-a479-b68355b79456" target="_blank">coldest months in Antarctica</a>. Given its location at the South Pole, the continent experiences an extended winter period from the end of February to the end of September. During this time, ice accumulates in preparation for the arrival of melting temperatures in October.</p><p>Despite being thousands of kilometers away from much of the world's land and population, Antarctica's ice holds significant influence over the planet.</p><p>The expansive ice sheet of Antarctica plays a crucial role in sunnier months by reflecting a substantial portion of sunlight, thereby reducing oceanic absorption. Its broader expanse, formed during winter, allows for greater sunlight and heat reflection.</p><p>Additionally, it's vital to recognize that this ice results from a cyclical process of freezing and melting oceanic water. The extent to which ice is lost to the oceans relative to annual accumulation directly contributes to global <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2016/10/world-map-100m-sea-level-rise.html">sea level rise</a>.</p><p>Want to learn more about Antarctica? Then have a look at:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3qSn5v1" target="_blank">Antarctica: A History in 100 Objects</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3qR0mzC" target="_blank">Antarctica: The Waking Giant</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/45IX7ZG" target="_blank">Lonely Planet Antarctica</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-14826095110612152822023-08-25T01:38:00.003-07:002023-08-25T01:38:42.347-07:00How the Human Population Reached to 8 billion in 300,000 years<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vJ5p3pZlBi4" width="320" youtube-src-id="vJ5p3pZlBi4"></iframe></div><br /><p>Having come out less than 2 weeks ago, the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJ5p3pZlBi4" target="_blank">video from the American Museum of Natural History</a> encapsulates the most current data regarding <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population" target="_blank">Earth's human population</a>. But what's intriguing here isn't so much the current global-population figure (which currently stands at a staggering 8 billion), as how we got it. </p><p>This narrative unfolds through a captivating animated visualization condensing 300,000 years – replete with migrations, the ebb and flow of empires, pivotal trade routes, technological advancements, pandemics, and conflicts – all compressed into a concise span of about four and a half minutes.</p><p>The accompanying textual exposition of the video explains, "Our modern human lineage emerged in Africa roughly <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/morocco-early-human-fossils-anthropology-science" target="_blank">300,000 years ago</a>." It continues, "Around 100,000 years ago, humanity embarked on a global migratory trajectory," a trajectory that still continues unabated in the twenty-first century.</p><p>The same can't be expressed for the course our numbers have increased over the past few hundred years, at least according to the projection that "global population will culminate this century" about 10 billion, because "average fertility rates declining in nearly every country." For some, this is not totally unwelcome, given that "as our population increases, so has our use of our planet's resources."</p><p>The days of pervasive apprehension about overpopulation in the developed world, reminiscent of the apocalyptic anxieties stirred by <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2021/04/the-great-ice-meldown-vizualized.html">climate change</a>, have waned. In contemporary times, warnings revolve more around the impending decline in the global population, with countries exhibiting low birth rates. Alternatively, humanity's historical expansion patterns might serve to advocate for interplanetary exploration and colonization, especially as a safeguard against potential cataclysms on Earth. Whatever trajectory our population graph charts in the years ahead, one constant remains: we will invariably perceive ourselves as existing within some form of pivotal moment.</p><p>If you enjoyed this post, you may also enjoy these books about human population:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/45limks" target="_blank">The Human Tide: How Population Shaped the Modern World</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3OQNNwb" target="_blank">National Geographic Ultimate Visual History of the World: The Story of Humankind From Prehistory to Modern Times</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-51728747112916965282023-08-24T08:22:00.001-07:002023-08-24T08:22:04.110-07:00World Record-Breaking Athletes Compared To Animals<p>On August 21st, Sha'Carri Richardson, a track and field sprinter field from the United States, secured the title of the <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/08/22/1195170311/shacarri-richardson-is-officially-the-fastest-woman-in-the-world#:~:text=Hourly%20News-,Sha'Carri%20Richardson%20is%20officially%20the%20fastest%20woman%20in%20the,a%20time%20of%2010.65%20seconds." target="_blank">fastest woman</a> globally. She achieved this remarkable feat by clinching victory in the 100-meter event at the 2023 Track and Field World Championships. Throughout history, a select few exceptionally talented individuals have accomplished extraordinary athletic achievements that seem beyond the reach of us, ordinary people. However, how do these accomplishments compare to the incredible abilities of some of the world's most athletic animals?</p><p><br /></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usain_Bolt" target="_blank"><b>Usain Bolt</b></a>, widely acknowledged as the swiftest human on Earth, set a world record for the 100-meter sprint by reaching a speed of 44.72 kilometers per hour (27.7 MPH) in 2009. Despite this impressive human achievement, it still pales in comparison to the cheetah, an animal capable of reaching speeds up to 114.50 km/h (71.1 MPH).</li><li>In the realm of swimming, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Phelps" target="_blank"><b>Michael Phelps</b></a>, an iconic swimmer, attained a record-breaking top speed of 7.08 km/h (4.3 MPH) in the water. Nevertheless, his aquatic prowess is overshadowed by the sailfish, which can gracefully glide through the water at an astonishing speed of 110 km/h (68.3 MPH).</li><li>Consider the long jump, where <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Powell_(long_jumper)" target="_blank"><b>Mike Powell</b></a>'s world record of 8.95 meters, established in 1991, falls short when compared to the astounding 15 meters achieved by the snow leopard.</li><li>Shifting to long-distance running, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliud_Kipchoge" target="_blank"><b>Eliud Kipchoge</b></a>'s triumphant conquest of the 2018 Berlin Marathon, marked by a record-breaking time of 2:01:39, is an extraordinary human achievement. Yet, this accomplishment loses some of its luster when contrasted with the swiftness of the ostrich, a creature that can cover the same marathon distance in a mere 45 minutes.</li></ul><p></p><p>Below is the chart created by <a href="https://www.statista.com/chart/30620/records-of-famous-athletes-compared-to-animals/" target="_blank">Statista</a> that shows records of famous athletes compared to the animals.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGl_to17RNAL7jZ0cr0piYsISLDVyNAB01kxucfc1AZIRoEwegJAYBvWkjgVk5rwI5LLZZMZnwa6-oC46MbfylEvQ1f-NIXiFRCCxOj_WxinNHs_HbyK3gXCjwiUAPMvN4xjAubzJqf_AfaqgKoUT4jMSJEkYnacnSXV0otXWRsajahr1Hq1uCBjRmlVo/s3600/human_vs_animal.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="World Record-Breaking Athletes Compared To Animals" border="0" data-original-height="3600" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGl_to17RNAL7jZ0cr0piYsISLDVyNAB01kxucfc1AZIRoEwegJAYBvWkjgVk5rwI5LLZZMZnwa6-oC46MbfylEvQ1f-NIXiFRCCxOj_WxinNHs_HbyK3gXCjwiUAPMvN4xjAubzJqf_AfaqgKoUT4jMSJEkYnacnSXV0otXWRsajahr1Hq1uCBjRmlVo/s16000/human_vs_animal.jpeg" title="World Record-Breaking Athletes Compared To Animals" /></a></div><br /><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Crimson Text", serif; font-size: 21px; text-align: justify;">To learn more about animals, have a look at the following books:</span></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/47JJR92" target="_blank">The Animal Book: A Visual Encyclopedia of Life on Earth</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3OSrYw2" target="_blank">The Fascinating Animal Book for Kids: 500 Wild Facts!</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3QTzCsL" target="_blank">Animal!</a></li></ul><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-27708929239567445252023-08-19T00:36:00.001-07:002023-08-19T00:36:21.938-07:00Death-Cap Mushrooms are Unstoppable and Terrifying<p><br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/325251692?h=843240a8c0" title="vimeo-player" width="640"></iframe>
</p><p>Mushrooms are rightfully hailed as versatile multitaskers, encompassing roles as <a href="https://www.foodandwine.com/vegetables/mushrooms/mushrooms" target="_blank">sustenance</a>, <a href="https://www.isbourne.org/blog/what-mushrooms-can-teach-us-about-community" target="_blank">educators</a>, silver screen luminaries, and muse for <a href="https://www.elledecor.com/design-decorate/trends/a36688541/mushroom-trend/" target="_blank">design innovations</a>. Yet, within this diverse spectrum lies a darker truth—a truth familiar to those acquainted with <a href="https://www.hbo.com/the-last-of-us/season-1" target="_blank">The Last of Us</a>, whether through gameplay or observation: some mushrooms are lethal.</p><p>Hopefully, we have got some time before civilization is destroyed by <a href="https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/tv/a42760795/last-of-us-fungus-cordyceps-mycologist/" target="_blank">zombie-inducing cordyceps</a>. But for now, our attention should be directed towards a specific menace—<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_phalloides" target="_blank">amanita phalloides</a>, also known as the death <a href="http://www.bccdc.ca/health-info/prevention-public-health/death-cap-mushrooms" target="_blank">cap mushroom</a>.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKvWGY86CmJZIstu4hdZ-OtoeEuGIZKhD_QaAKTu4t-a_D9T8gkcLL5sGBsndtYYo4HZAF0hEmEWXPO6x8CJgJK-Aw81RVcn3niJRZn8tR0mELcmSFIu9fniA_Utw6LSaLMXvtjnA8aCjaEMASy64arHZL41CqSHypZAQy503tBNfqtSk0a5wBw1X320c/s1000/deathcap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Deathcap mashroom" border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="1000" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKvWGY86CmJZIstu4hdZ-OtoeEuGIZKhD_QaAKTu4t-a_D9T8gkcLL5sGBsndtYYo4HZAF0hEmEWXPO6x8CJgJK-Aw81RVcn3niJRZn8tR0mELcmSFIu9fniA_Utw6LSaLMXvtjnA8aCjaEMASy64arHZL41CqSHypZAQy503tBNfqtSk0a5wBw1X320c/s16000/deathcap.jpg" title="Deathcap mashroom" /></a></div><br /><p>The malevolent <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/05/17/1175494500/new-hope-for-an-antidote-to-death-cap-mushrooms-and-other-poison-fungi" target="_blank">amatoxin</a> they harbor is accountable for an astounding 90 percent of global mushroom-related fatalities. It orchestrates grievous harm to the liver, instigating hemorrhagic disorders, cerebral edema, and systemic organ failure for the fortunate few who endure its effects.</p><p>Regrettably, the death cap's sinister grasp extends to innocents, like the <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/death-cap-mushroom-victoria-boy-poisoned-1.3802245" target="_blank">three-year-old from British Columbia</a> who, on a familial foraging excursion near their residential complex, tragically consumed a death cap, misidentifying it as an edible <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvariella_volvacea" target="_blank">straw mushroom</a>.</p><p>In Melbourne, the consumption of a <a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-deadly-mushroom-mystery-grips-australia/" target="_blank">pot pie</a> tainted with death caps led to the demise of three adults, while a fourth clung to life in critical condition.</p><p>As the visual allure of mushrooms is celebrated in the showcased episode of The <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/projects/life-up-close/" target="_blank">Atlantic's Life Up Close series</a>, author <a href="http://www.houseofrain.com/theauthor.cfm" target="_blank">Craig Childs</a> conveys a sobering reality: humanity is the architect of its own affliction. We facilitated the uncontrolled propagation of death caps far beyond their native confines in Scandinavia and parts of northern Europe, where they thrived on the root tips of deciduous trees, giving rise to neat <a href="https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/blog/2019/08/what-is-a-fairy-ring/" target="_blank">fairy rings</a>.</p><p>With the importation of these trees to enhance urban landscapes worldwide, the death caps—whose delicate spores lack the autonomy for extensive dispersion—managed to hitch a ride. Their presence now graces the Pacific Northwest, cozying up to transplanted sweet chestnuts, beeches, hornbeams, lindens, red oaks, and English oaks, among other hospitable species.</p><p>Biochemist <a href="https://spiritplantmedicine.com/paul-kroeger/" target="_blank">Paul Kroeger</a>, co-founder of the <a href="https://www.vanmyco.org/" target="_blank">Vancouver Mycological Society</a>, elucidated that these invasive death caps are not exclusive to dense woodlands. Instead, they have <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/02/deadly-mushroom-arrives-canada/581602/" target="_blank">taken root in urban enclaves</a>, often populating the grassy strips adorning sidewalks. An illustrative instance involves Childs accompanying Krueger during his rounds, where the first of many death caps discovered that day were unearthed before a residence adorned with Halloween embellishments.</p><p>Once established, these death caps defy eviction. Transforming from mere visitors to permanent residents, they've even extended their influence to indigenous <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2020/01/native-oak-tree-ranges-in-us.html">oaks</a> in California and Western Canada.</p><p>Childs underscores that the threat posed by death caps is no longer confined to North America. Their reach now spans the globe wherever exotic trees have been embraced in landscaping and forestry, spanning North and South America, New Zealand, Australia, South and East Africa, and Madagascar.</p><p>A poignant account emerges from Canberra, Australia, in 2012, where a seasoned chef and his assistant unwittingly integrated locally harvested death caps into a New Year's Eve feast. Tragically, both succumbed within two days, awaiting liver transplants. Meanwhile, another guest at the event fell ill but survived after a successful transplant.</p><p>Foragers must tread with utmost vigilance in this <a href="https://www.themanual.com/food-and-drink/mushroom-foraging-tips-safety/" target="_blank">perilous pursuit</a>.</p><p>You can learn more about mushrooms from the following books:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3qzxSu3" target="_blank">Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds, Change Our Minds & Shape Our Futures</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3qDSKAd" target="_blank">Mushrooming Without Fear: The Beginner's Guide to Collecting Safe and Delicious Mushrooms</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3P5UID6" target="_blank">Collins Gem Mushrooms: The Quick Way to Identify Mushrooms and Toadstools</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9033613913042413789.post-34915758988120771192023-08-18T08:45:00.001-07:002023-08-18T08:45:32.978-07:00Ranges of All Great Ape Species<p>Great apes are a group of large primates that share common ancestry with humans. This group includes orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangutan" target="_blank">Orangutans</a> are found primarily in the islands of <a href="https://www.ecoclimax.com/2010/08/deforestation-in-borneo.html">Borneo</a> and Sumatra in Indonesia, with the Bornean and Sumatran species exhibiting slight differences. <a href="https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/gorilla" target="_blank">Gorillas</a>, on the other hand, are divided into Western and Eastern species. The Western gorillas inhabit parts of west and central Africa, while the Eastern gorillas are found in countries like Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.</p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimpanzee" target="_blank">Chimpanzees</a>, known for their high level of intelligence and social behavior, are native to the forests and woodlands of West and Central Africa. Common chimpanzees and bonobos are the two species in this genus. The former are distributed across several countries, including Senegal, Ivory Coast, and Uganda, while the latter are confined to the dense forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo.</p><p>Humans, the fifth member of the great ape family, have a global presence, inhabiting diverse environments on nearly every continent. Their unique cognitive abilities, tool use, and cultural practices have contributed to their domination of the planet. While these great ape species each have their own distinct habitats and behaviors, they all play important roles in maintaining the delicate balance of their ecosystems. However, the great apes face numerous threats, including habitat loss, poaching, and disease, making conservation efforts crucial to their survival and the preservation of Earth's biodiversity.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Q6uJygCVI0iL70uCHJ14AEP_M9DDCqQBLHorb_4nY2tPDm59uBW_01zrS78yoEP4zTjH_RftbaYpFsXncRk_6h303wm-ZMxXUvXqIFhWNQTdgK8tMafR2ZpksDve7NJ3oTeSxug0QrIGS9qkYLD_hrFFOLNkdH8TeHWHYVbeg5eN-a-2rhN_iMclIEM/s1024/great-apes.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Ranges of Great Ape Species" border="0" data-original-height="607" data-original-width="1024" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Q6uJygCVI0iL70uCHJ14AEP_M9DDCqQBLHorb_4nY2tPDm59uBW_01zrS78yoEP4zTjH_RftbaYpFsXncRk_6h303wm-ZMxXUvXqIFhWNQTdgK8tMafR2ZpksDve7NJ3oTeSxug0QrIGS9qkYLD_hrFFOLNkdH8TeHWHYVbeg5eN-a-2rhN_iMclIEM/s16000/great-apes.png" title="Great Ape Species" /></a></div><br /><p>Here is the approximate number of individuals for each species of great apes, along with their conservation status.</p><p><b>Western Gorilla (<i>Gorilla gorilla</i>):<br /></b>Population Estimate: Around 100,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Critically Endangered (Western lowland gorilla subspecies)</p><p><b>Eastern Gorilla (<i>Gorilla beringei</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 5,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Endangered (Both the eastern lowland gorilla and the mountain gorilla subspecies)</p><p><b>Bornean Orangutan (<i>Pongo pygmaeus</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 55,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Critically Endangered</p><p><b>Sumatran Orangutan (<i>Pongo abelii</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 14,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Critically Endangered</p><p><b>Tapanuli orangutan (<i>Pongo tapanuliensis</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 800 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Critically Endangered</p><p><b>Chimpanzee (</b><i style="font-weight: bold;">Pan troglodytes</i><b>):<br /></b>Population Estimate: Around 172,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Endangered (for some subspecies, such as the Central chimpanzee)</p><p><b>Bonobo (<i>Pan paniscus</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 15,000 to 20,000 individuals<br />Conservation Status: Endangered</p><p><b>Humans (<i>Homo sapiens</i>):</b><br />Population Estimate: Around 8 billion individuals<br />Conservation Status: Least concern</p><p>You can learn more about great apes from the following books:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3OZSq8o" target="_blank">Walking With Gorillas: The Journey of an African Wildlife Vet</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3E1zcZD" target="_blank">Great apes and their basic rights </a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/45fvEyV" target="_blank">Walking with the Great Apes: Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Biruté Galdikas</a></li><li><a href="https://amzn.to/3P2jDqY" target="_blank">Gorillas In The Mist</a></li></ul><p></p>Ecoclmaxhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03529643939890456866noreply@blogger.com0