COFFEE NEWS

the history of coffee

2009-02-10T16:01:00.001-08:00

Discovered more than 1,000 years ago by goats roaming the hills of Ethiopia, coffee today employs 500 million people, from the workers toiling in the fields of Kenya to the teenage baristas at your neighborhood Starbucks.
In a world of more than 6 billion people, enjoying a cup of coffee is one of the few fixtures of everyday life common to cultures on every continent.
Buzzed goats make important discovery
It is only fitting that the history of a beverage so associated with good conversation starts with a storybook-like tale. Native only to parts of subtropical Africa, the stimulating effects of wild coffee beans are said to have been first discovered in about A.D. 800 by an Ethiopian shepherd named Kaldi, whose goats kept him up at nights after feasting on red coffee berries.
The shepherd shared his find with the abbott at a local monastery, where monks first brewed the beans into a hot drink, reveling in the way it kept them awake during long hours of prayer.
Romantic exaggeration or not, by A.D. 1000 the bean with a buzz was a favorite among those needing a boost in East Africa as well as across the Red Sea in Yemen, where the crop had migrated over with slaves.
If Ethiopia was the birthplace of coffee, Yemen was where it grew up. The brew first took hold among clerics there too, but spillover into the secular crowd didn't take long and skyrocketing demand soon led to the world's first cultivated coffee fields there in the 1300s.
The entire Arabian peninsula became a hotbed of coffeehouse culture, with cafés – called kaveh kanes – on every corner.
By the 15th-century, Mecca resembled a medievel incarnation of Seattle, men sipping steaming mugs over games of chess and political conversations. Coffee houses were such an important place to gather and discuss that they were often called Schools of the Wise.
Coffee had much the same effect in Europe when it was introduced there in the 1600s. Cafés were the center of social life, where people with similar interests could gather and talk. The British insurance company, Lloyd's of London, began as a café popular with sailors who often discussed insurance matters. Caffeine becomes a cash crop
Arabia controlled the lucrative coffee industry for several centuries, exporting only roasted, infertile beans to their new trading partners in Europe and Asia. Caffeine junkies the world over were hooked, but couldn't grow their own crops or buy beans at reasonable prices.
It took one intrepid Mecca pilgrim to break the Arab monopoly, according to legend, by smuggling some intact beans back to his native India, initiating an agricultural explosion. The Dutch also managed to get one plant back to Amsterdam and began cultivating in their Southeast Asian colonies in the 17th century. Europe now had a new, direct source for its daily coffee fix.
Coffee plants went everywhere that European empires did, taking root in such famous regions as Jamaica's Blue Mountains, the Kona district of Hawaii, Indonesia's Java Island and the rainforests of Brazil, which remains the world's biggest producer.
The coffee industry is the main source of income for 25 million small farmers, it is estimated.

top 10 coffee myths

2009-02-10T15:24:00.000-08:00

Top 10 coffee myths

1.Dark roasted coffee has more caffeine than light and medium roasts. It is actually the opposite. The lighter roasts have the most caffeine. At the higher temperatures for the dark roasts many of the nuances of the coffee are burnt off, including caffeine. If you want a kick in the morning ask for the lighter roasts. If you want a major kick in the morning tell your barista you are in a hurry and call her "sweetie."
2."The doctor says I need to lay off of caffeine because the acids eat at my tummy." The culprits of acid stomach are di-caffeinol and tannic acids. The culprit di-caffeinol is not roasted out until the bean goes through what is called "the second crack." If the color of the coffee is mahogany or darker, it probably has been in the roaster long enough to burn off the di-caffeinol. The color test is safer than asking your coffee purveyor if their coffee has gone through its second crack. The other culprit, tannic acid, comes from brewing cheap or stale coffee.
3.Organic coffee is healthy coffee. A truly organic coffee should never have been grown in tainted soil. The "organic" designation is branded on any coffee that is dormant from pesticides for five years. There are a few coffees that have never had pesticides in the soil. Some Ethiopians and Mocca Yemen Mattari or Sanani are truly organic. Of course, if you really want a completely organic beverage, use organic water; add organic milk and organic sugar poured into an organic cup. Please remember to perform all this in an organic room.
4.Freezing coffee harms the delicate oils in the coffee bean and you get moisture and odors into the coffee. Freezing is the only way to extend the shelf life of coffee. The oils do not crystallize, they congeal. Coffee is very porous in the roasted state. Once the cell structure is frozen and the oils congeal, the coffee is no longer susceptible to foreign odors and moisture.
5.Coffee is best served hot. Generally speaking coffee is best served hot. The worst iced coffee is brewed hot and then poured over ice. The best-iced coffee is an eight-hour, cold-brew process, which retains the nuances of the coffee organics and oils. The coffee product is similar to a concentrate and should be diluted with water or cream before consuming.
6.The highest quality coffees are very expensive. A coffee connoisseur who is grading coffee during the cupping process is not given any indication of where the coffee is from. In many instances, the coffee chosen as the best may be from a small farmer of no notoriety. The $100-a-pound coffee may have less notable characteristics than a $12 a pound coffee.
7.Coffee has a shelf life of months. Ten days to two weeks off the roaster is all you get. Anything older is stale.
8.Espresso is a bitter and strong coffee. Espresso is the essence of coffee roasted specifically for the espresso machine. Quality espresso is never a single coffee, but a blend of at least three coffees. The taste is never bitter or strong but velvet smooth, robust and sweet. Stale espresso is bitter and strong.
9.The best water to brew coffee with is reverse osmosis. Remove the chlorine, particulates and some of the hard water iron solutions and you will have the perfect water for brewing. If you get too obsessive you will never enjoy the cup.
10.Coffee is the best remedy to sober the inebriated. Caffeine will wake up a drunk, but it has no effect on sobriety. In fact, coffee can actually make a hangover worse by dehydrating the body. All you're left with is an obnoxious person who is very thirsty.

to much coffee man

2009-02-10T15:03:00.000-08:00

Too Much Coffee Man is a comic strip, created by shannon wheeler. It is also the name of an accompanying magazine.

Too Much Coffee Man Magazine
The strip — most often presented as a single page in comic book alternative press newspapers and other publications, though occasionally in multi-page stories — features an anxious an who broods about the state of the world, from politics to people, exchanging thoughts with friends or a wall-breaking omniscient observer.
Visually, the character is a parody of superheroes, which since their inception have been colloquially referred to by industry professionals as "long-underwear characters". Too Much Coffee Man wears literal long underwear, dressing in what appears to be a spandex version of old-fashioned red "long johns" (full-body underwear with a buttoned flap on the back for bodily functions. http://www.tmcm.com

How to Recycle Coffee Grounds

2009-02-08T19:26:00.000-08:00

Coffee drinkers who brew their own java know that a week's worth of grounds adds up to a sizable quantity. Since coffee is organic matter, there is no need for it to go into the garbage to the landfill. Instead, try one of these methods to recycle coffee grounds.
Difficulty: Easy
Step1Keep a small container of used coffee grounds by your sink. Use them with soap to scrub greasy hands and pots alike. The coffee acts as a scrub and rinses off easily.
Step2Compost coffee grounds. Add them to your existing compost pile or start a new one. Read more about composting in the book "The Rodale Book of Composting: Easy Methods for Every Gardener."
Step3Use them to fertilize roses. Sprinkle coffee grounds on the soil around the stem of the rose bush (but not touching the plant).
Step4Add to worm beds. If you raise earthworms for garden use or fishing bait, feed them cool, used coffee grounds.
Step5Make wood stain for crafts. Re-brew a sizable amount of used coffee grounds and allow the water to steep with grounds for several hours, until cool. Pour through coffee filter to remove grounds.
Step6Deodorize hands after chopping onion or garlic by rubbing with a handful of coffee grounds.
Step7Deodorize your fridge. Place wet coffee grounds in a small open container in the back of the refrigerator until dried out.
Step8Dry coffee grounds on a baking sheet in the oven at 150 degrees for an hour. Use with an equal amount of fresh grounds for your next few pots of coffee
Coffee drinkers who brew their own java know that a week's worth of grounds adds up to a sizable quantity. Since coffee is organic matter, there is no need for it to go into the garbage to the landfill. Instead, try one of these methods to recycle coffee grounds.
Difficulty: Easy
Step1Keep a small container of used coffee grounds by your sink. Use them with soap to scrub greasy hands and pots alike. The coffee acts as a scrub and rinses off easily.
Step2Compost coffee grounds. Add them to your existing compost pile or start a new one. Read more about composting in the book "The Rodale Book of Composting: Easy Methods for Every Gardener."
Step3Use them to fertilize roses. Sprinkle coffee grounds on the soil around the stem of the rose bush (but not touching the plant).
Step4Add to worm beds. If you raise earthworms for garden use or fishing bait, feed them cool, used coffee grounds.
Step5Make wood stain for crafts. Re-brew a sizable amount of used coffee grounds and allow the water to steep with grounds for several hours, until cool. Pour through coffee filter to remove grounds.
Step6Deodorize hands after chopping onion or garlic by rubbing with a handful of coffee grounds.
Step7Deodorize your fridge. Place wet coffee grounds in a small open container in the back of the refrigerator until dried out.
Step8Dry coffee grounds on a baking sheet in the oven at 150 degrees for an hour. Use with an equal amount of fresh grounds for your next few pots of coffee.

Traffic Flow SEO: Add URL - Free Search Engine Submission Links

2009-02-07T21:49:00.000-08:00

Traffic Flow SEO: Add URL - Free Search Engine Submission Links

how to find a java job

2009-02-07T19:45:00.000-08:00

How to Find a Summer Job in a Coffee Shop
offer several career choices. Food preparation is one choice, as well as hosting services, table service and management. You are not likely start in management, but there are still other choices. s
Difficulty: Moderate
Step1The best approach to finding any job is to do your research first. Is there a coffee shop near you? If not, is there one that would be convenient for you to relocate to? For instance, do you have family or friends that would be willing to house and support you until you got that first paycheck?
Step2Visit the shop of your choice. Talk to the current employees. Are they satisfied with their working conditions and management? During slow periods the management may even allow you to talk with kitchen staff. Those that already work there are can help inform you about the work place.
Step3Now that you have decided where you wish to work and in what area, contact the manager or human resources department to set up an appointment. Many of these businesses will not accept resumes, but be prepared with one as well as a cover letter.

coffee stats

2009-02-07T18:13:00.000-08:00

Coffee Consumption Statistics in the United States
American Coffee Consumption Trends
In 1999 there were 108,000,000 coffee consumers in the United States spending an approximated 9.2 billion dollars in the retail sector and 8.7 billion dollars in the foodservice sector every year (SCAA 1999 Market Report). It can be inferred, therefore, that coffee drinkers spend on average $164.71 per year on coffee. The National Coffee Association found in 2000 that 54% of the adult population of the United States drinks coffee daily (NCA Coffee Drinking Trends Survey, 2000). They also reported that 18.12% of the coffee drinkers in the United States drink gourmet coffee beverages daily (NCA). In addition to the 54% who drink coffee everyday, 25% of Americans drink coffee occasionally (NCA).
American Coffee Consumption Data
The average coffee consumption per capita in the United States is around 4.4 Kg. Among coffee drinkers (i.e. not per capita) the average coffee consumption in the United States is 3.1 cups of coffee per day (NCA). Per capita men drink approximately 1.9 cups per day, whereas women drink an average of 1.4 cups of coffee a day

Robin Williams at the grean bean

2009-02-07T17:06:00.000-08:00

he is one of my favorite actor's and i no he he has a taste for good coffee. i served in iraq this past year and was at a base in central iraq, we were suppose to pull out but were stuck there because of a bad dust storm. me and a couple of drivers went to the px and then to the coffee shop that's on most of the base's there. the shop was called the green bean. it was the day before christmas and we were from another base so we had not known that robin williams and miss america were there to vist the troops. we missed his show but saw him at the green bean coffee store. he was in there dressed like a normal average person that works over there. he was very friendly and i felt like he was a down to earth person. i mean i really respect somone like him with all his fame and money to spend christmas with the troops serving in iraq. no i did'nt get his autograph or even get to speak to him. it does'nt matter to me about that. what mattered was he was there to say hey i respect what the troops are doing for the rest of us.

how to clean your coffee maker

2009-02-05T19:59:00.000-08:00

Cleaning your coffee maker takes away hard water mineral deposits, old oils from previously brewed pots and other impurities that can make your coffee taste bad.

A mixture of 1 part vinegar to 2 parts water is the best way to clean a drip coffee maker. Mix a full pot of the vinegar and water mixture, pour it in your water reservoir and turn the coffee maker on.

Once the mixture has run completely through, it's important to turn the drip coffee maker off and let it cool for 15 to 20 minutes.

Pour the vinegar and water mixture down the drain. If you are cleaning a coffee maker that hasn't been cleaned regularly, repeat this step again with a fresh vinegar and water mixture.

Next, rinse the pot out thoroughly with warm, plain water. Then, fill the water reservoir again with clean water and turn the coffee maker on to start the rinsing process.

To make sure all of the vinegar and water solution is completely gone repeat the rinsing process one more time after letting the pot cool for 15 to 20 minutes.

coffee cups

2009-02-05T19:47:00.001-08:00

A coffee cup may refer to a type of container from which coffee is consumed. Coffee cups are typically made of glazed ceramic, and have a single handle, allowing for portability while still hot. Ceramic construction allows to be drunk while hot, providing insulation to the beverage, and quickly washed with cold water without fear of breakage, compared to typical vessels made of glass

coffee cup software

2009-02-05T19:36:00.000-08:00

CoffeeCup Software was started inside a real coffeehouse in the early summer of 1996. Back then, good software to create cool Websites was really hard to find, so the first Website for the coffeehouse was made with hand-coded HTML using Notepad. One day, while chatting with a few regulars about creating Websites, the idea of a simple yet powerful HTML editor was born. We wanted to create a nifty piece of software that would make it easy for people like us to build our own Websites. One of the regulars was a programmer, so we got to work. In August of 1996, the first version of our HTML Editor was released.

Since the coffeehouse already had the www.coffeecup.com domain name, our first software program was called the CoffeeCup HTML Editor, and the company was named CoffeeCup Software. Yep, it happened just like that — the company was named after the HTML Editor and the Website URL..

cc's coffee house

2009-02-05T19:28:00.000-08:00

CC's Coffee House was founded by the company in 1995 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The first location, at the corner of Jefferson and Magazine in Uptown New Orleans, is still in operation. They currently have locations in Baton Rouge, the New Orleans metropolitan area, and Lafayette all in Louisiana. All stores offer their customers free Wi-Fi access and some stores have drive thru locations. The New Orleans locations along Magazine Street and in other commercial areas were quick to re-open following Katrina, returning to operation well before many other coffeehouses, while CC's locations in more residential areas took slightly longer to re-open. Most CC's Coffee Houses offer a variety of pastries, such as bagels and cookies. At least one or two types of croissants, tea breads, and coffee cakes are typically available, as well as a rotating selection of cakes, brownies, and other items.

senseo 1 cup coffee maker

2009-02-05T19:12:00.000-08:00

We found the best ratings for the Senseo HD7810 at Consumer Reports, which puts nine pod-style coffee machines through rigorous testing. The sheer volume of owner reviews -- about 800 -- makes Amazon.com the top source for candid reviews. Most owners say they are delighted with the Senseo HD7810, but some critics say the machine isn't the problem: the Senseo pods are.
Reviews say the Senseo HD7810 is the best budget-priced pod coffee maker, but the coffee is light-bodied and relatively weak. It's possible to make a stronger brew, but you have to use two pods, increasing the cost per cup from around 25 cents to around 50 cents. Many owner-written reviews say the Senseo-branded pods are only of average quality, but the HD7810 accommodates similarly sized pods from other manufacturers. Reviews say the best pod coffee maker overall is the Keurig B60 (*est. $150), which can be set to brew at different temperatures and offers a wider selection of proprietary pods (called K-Cups
Budget one-cup pod coffee maker
pros.
Good amount of froth on top of each cup
Easy to use
Brews quickly
Comes in black, white, blue or red
Removable water reservoir
cons.
Coffee not hot enough
Stronger brews require two pods
Limited pod selection
Larger cups don't fit under spout.

coffee and the enviroment

2009-02-04T20:29:00.000-08:00

Originally, coffee farming was done in the shade of trees, which provided natural habitat for many animals and insects, roughly approximating the biodiversity of a natural forest. These traditional farmers used compost of coffee pulp and excluded chemicals and fertilizers. They also typically rotated crops and cultivated food alongside their cash crops, which provided additional income and food security.

However, in the 1970s and 1980s, during the Green Revolution, the US Agency for International Development and other groups gave eighty million dollars to plantations in Latin America for advancements to go along with the general shift to technified agriculture.[citation needed] These plantations replaced their shade grown techniques with sun cultivation techniques to increase yields, which in turn destroyed vast forests and biodiversity.

Sun cultivation involves cutting down trees, and high inputs of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Environmental problems, such as deforestation, pesticide pollution, habitat destruction, soil and water degradation, are the effects of most modern coffee farms, and the biodiversity on the coffee farm and in the surrounding areas suffer.

As a result, there has been a return to both traditional and new methods of growing shade-tolerant varieties. Shade-grown coffee can often earn a premium as a more environmentally sustainable alternative to mainstream sun-grown coffee

how to make instant coffee and soy milk

2009-02-03T20:41:00.000-08:00

#Put water in a kettle and plug it in. If you do not have a kettle, then put water in a pot and put it on the stove. Or use an immersion heater and warm up the water in a separate heat-proof mug. The easiest method is to use a microwave.
#Take the instant coffee and put about one slightly rounded teaspoon (this may vary based upon how strong one likes their coffee) in a mug.
#Pour just a teaspoon of the very hot (nearly boiling) water into the mug; only enough to dampen the instant coffee. If you use sugar, put in your sugar granules. Now, with a metal spoon, crush the slurry against the side of the mug. (This technique is called a "Fagin Transform").
# Stir in the rest of the hot water.
.if you desire cream in your coffee try soy milk instead. soy milk is high in protein and at least 25% of daily vitamins.
#Flavorings such as vanilla extract, cocoa powder, or ground cinnamon may be added if desired . If the coffee has been modified, then stir thoroughly until the extra ingredients have been dissolved.

italian coffee translation

2009-02-03T19:59:00.000-08:00

Caffè Nero Caffè Nero (Italian for black coffee) or Caffè Nero Group Ltd is a British coffee shop chain. It was established in 1997 and runs more …

Coffee percolator A coffee percolator (caffettiera in Italian) it is a type of pot used to brew coffee . constituent In the case of coffee-brewing the solvent …

Lungo Lungo is Italian for 'long', and refers to the coffee beverage made by using an espresso machine to make an espresso (single or double …

Ammazzacaffè Ammazzacaffè (Italian for coffee killer) is a small glass of liqueur usually consumed after coffee to dull its taste. common Italian

irish coffee house

2009-02-03T19:51:00.000-08:00

The original Irish coffee was invented by Joseph Sheridan, a head chef at Foynes, County Limerick. Foynes' port was the precursor to Shannon International Airport in the west of Ireland; the coffee was conceived after a group of American passengers disembarked from a Pan Am flying boat on a miserable winter evening in the 1940s. Sheridan added whiskey to the coffee to warm the passengers. After the passengers asked if they were being served Brazilian coffee, Sheridan told them it was Irish coffee.

Stanton Delaplane, a travel writer for the San Francisco Chronicle, brought Irish coffee to the United States after drinking it at Shannon Airport, when he worked with the Buena Vista Cafe in San Francisco to start serving it on November 10, 1952, and worked with the bar owners Jack Koeppler and George Freeberg to recreate the Irish method for floating the cream on top of the coffee, sampling the drink one night until he nearly passed out. The group also sought help from the city's then mayor, George Christopher, who owned a dairy and suggested that cream aged at least 48 hours would be more apt to float. Delaplane popularized the drink by mentioning it frequently in his travel column, which was widely read throughout America. In later years, after the Buena Vista had served, by its count, more than 30 million of the drinks, Delaplane and the owners grew tired of the drink. A friend commented that the problem with Irish coffee is that it ruins three good drinks: coffee, cream, and whiskey.

Tom Bergin's Tavern in Los Angeles, also claims to have been the originator[citation needed] and has had a large sign in place reading "House of Irish Coffee" since the early 1950s

coffee palace

2009-02-03T19:27:00.000-08:00

The term Coffee Palace was primarily used in Australia to describe the temperance hotels which were built during the period of the 1880s although there are references to the term also being used, to a lesser extent, in the United Kingdom. They were hotels that did not serve alcohol, built in response to the temperance movement and, in particular, the influence of the Independent Order of Rechabites in Australia. James Munro was a particularly vocal member of this movement. Coffee Palaces were often multi-purpose or mixed use buildings which included a large number of rooms for accommodation as well as ballrooms and other function and leisure facilities.

The construction of buildings for the temperance movement coincided with an economic boom in Australia and the use of richly ornamental High Victorian architecture.

Subsequently, many such hotels were given prestigious names such as "Grand" or "Royal" and were designed in the fashionable Free Classical or Second Empire styles.

The movement reached its height in Victoria and particularly Melbourne.

Catering for families, the Coffee Palaces were most popular in the coastal seaside resorts and for inner city locations popular with interstate and overseas visitors.

Ironically as the temperance movement's influence waned, many hotels applied for liquor licences. Many were either converted into hotels or demolished; however, some fine examples still survive.

valetines and coffee?

2009-02-01T19:02:00.000-08:00

Coffee has a press release on the subject. "IRVINE, Calif., February 3, 1999 - Responding to the demands that Valentine's Day can place on would-be lovers, Diedrich Coffee will offer the captivating Cupid's Cup coffee at its coffeehouses for two weeks during February. Created especially to invigorate and heighten the senses, Cupid's Cup is a sweet medium roast with a smooth milk chocolate top note, spicy finish and delicate floral aroma. A very limited edition coffee, Cupid's Cup will be available by the cup (for instant gratification) or by the pound (for take-home personal use) for the two weeks leading up to Valentine's Day only." Note however that the search engine has pointed us to a TWO YEAR OLD ARTICLE

smoothie history

2009-02-01T18:55:00.000-08:00

food stores of the West coast of the United States began selling pureed fruit drinks in the 1930s based on recipes originated in Brazil.[1] The 1940s-era Waring "Blendor" cookbooks published recipes for a "banana smoothie" and a "pineapple smoothee." The name "smoothee" or "smoothie" was used by books, magazines, and newspapers for a product made in blenders. Dan Titus, the director of The Juice and Smoothie Association states in his book, "Smoothies, The Original Smoothie Book", that "smoothies became popular in the middle 1960s, when there was a resurgence in the United States in macrobiotic vegetarianism." Health restaurants were particularly popular in California. The first trademark for a fruit slush was in the mid-1970s with the name "California Smoothie", which was marketed by the California Smoothie Company from Paramus, New Jersey. Smoothies from the 1960s and early 1970s were " basically fruit, fruit juice, and ice"; in some cases in the early 1970s, ice milk was also blended in to create the "fruit shake". These shakes were served at local health-food restaurants and at health-food stores, alongside tofu, fruits, carob, and other health-oriented foods.[2]

green bean coffee

2009-02-01T16:44:00.000-08:00

Health properties of Green Coffee

Green coffee beans are a rich source of antioxydants such as polyphenols and mannitol with a high protecting effect against chemical oxydation. The high content of arabinogalactans can stimulate the immune system (e.g. the macrophages) of the gastrointestinal tract and might help to overcome problems of colon irritabile or inflammable bowl diseases. Extracts of green coffee have been shown to improve vasoactivity in humans.[24] Green coffee can only be consumed by humans in capsules because of the nauseating odor of the volatile compounds of the green coffee beans.

coffee maker vacum style

2009-02-01T16:35:00.000-08:00

Other coffee brewing devices became popular throughout the nineteenth century, including various machines using applications of the vacuum principle. The Napier Vacuum Machine, invented in 1840, was an early example of this type. While generally excessively complex for everyday use, vacuum devices were prized for producing a clear brew, and were actually quite popular up until the middle of the twentieth century.

The principle of a vacuum brewer was to heat water in a lower vessel until expansion forced the contents through a narrow tube into an upper vessel containing ground coffee. When the lower vessel was empty and sufficient brewing time had elapsed, the heat was removed and the resulting vacuum would draw the brewed coffee back through a strainer into the lower chamber, from which it could be decanted. The Bauhaus interpretation of this device can be seen in Gerhard Marcks’ Sintrax coffee maker of 1925.

An early variant technique, called a balance siphon, was to have the two chambers arranged side-by-side on a sort of scale-like device, with a counterweight attached opposite the initial (or heating) chamber. Once the near-boiling water was forced from the heating chamber into the brewing one, the counterweight was activated, causing a spring-loaded snuffer to come down over the flame, thus turning "off" the heat, and allowing the cooled water to return to the original chamber. In this way, a sort of primitive automatic brewing method was achieved.

coffee table

2009-02-01T16:26:00.000-08:00

The first tables, in Europe, specifically designed as and called coffee tables, appear to have been made in Britain during the late Victorian era.

Prior to the late 18th century, the tables used in Europe in conjunction with a settle included occasional tables, end tables, centre tables, and tea tables. By 1780, the high backed settle was being replaced by low back sofas and this led to the development of sofa tables which stood against the back of the sofa and could be used by anyone sitting on the sofa to put down a book or a cup.

According to the listing in Victorian Furniture by R. W. Symonds & B. B. Whineray and also in The Country Life Book of English Furniture by Edward T. Joy, a table designed by E. W. Godwin in 1868 and made in large numbers by William Watt, and Collinson and Lock, is a coffee table. If this is correct it may be one of the earliest made in Europe. Other sources, however, list it only as 'table' so this cannot be stated categorically. Far from being a low table, this table was about twenty-seven inches high.

Later coffee tables were designed as low tables and this idea may have been introduced from the Ottoman Empire, based on the tables in use in tea gardens. However, as the Anglo-Japanese style was popular in Britain throughout the 1870s and 1880s and low tables were common in Japan, this would seem to be an equally likely source for the concept of a long low table.

From the late 19th century onwards, many coffee tables were subsequently made in earlier styles due to the popularity of revivalism, so it is quite possible to find Louis XVI style coffee tables or Georgian style coffee tables, but there seems to be no evidence of a table actually made as a coffee table before this time. Joseph Aronson writing in 1938 defines a coffee table as a, "Low wide table now used before a sofa or couch. There is no historical precedent...," suggesting that coffee tables were a late development in the history of furniture.

health and use of

2009-01-31T17:24:00.000-08:00

Coffee ingestion on average is about a third of that of tap water in North America and Europe.[1] Worldwide, 6.7 million metric tons of coffee were produced annually in 1998–2000, and the forecast is a rise to 7 million metric tons annually by 2010.[68]

Scientific studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and an array of medical conditions. Findings are contradictory as to whether coffee has any specific health benefits, and results are similarly conflicting regarding the negative effects of coffee consumption.[8]

Coffee consumption has been linked to breast size reduction,[69] and taking regular hits of caffeine reduces the risk of breast cancer.[70] Coffee appears to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, heart disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, cirrhosis of the liver,[71] and gout. A longitudinal study in 2009 showed that moderate drinkers of coffee (3-5 cups per day) had lower chances of getting Dementia, in addition to Alzheimer's disease [72]. It increases the risk of acid reflux and associated diseases.[73] Some health effects of coffee are due to its caffeine content, as the benefits are only observed in those who drink caffeinated coffee while others appear to be due to other components.[74] For example, the antioxidants in coffee prevent free radicals from causing cell damage.[75]

Coffee consumption can lead to iron deficiency anemia in mothers and infants.[76] Coffee also interferes with the absorption of supplemental iron.[77]

American scientist Yaser Dorri has suggested that the smell of coffee can restore appetite and refresh olfactory receptors. He suggests that people can regain their appetite after cooking by smelling coffee beans, and that this method can also be used for research animals.[78]

Over 1,000 chemicals have been reported in roasted coffee; more than half of those tested (19/28) are rodent carcinogens.[79] Coffee's negative health effects are often blamed on its caffeine content. Research suggests that drinking caffeinated coffee can cause a temporary increase in the stiffening of arterial walls.[80] Coffee is no longer thought to be a risk factor for coronary heart disease.[81] Some studies suggest that it may have a mixed effect on short-term memory, by improving it when the information to be recalled is related to the current train of thought but making it more difficult to recall unrelated information.[82] About 10% of people with a moderate daily intake (235 mg per day) reported increased depression and anxiety when caffeine was withdrawn,[83] and about 15% of the general population report having stopped caffeine use completely, citing concern about health and unpleasant side effects.[84]

how to store coffee

2009-01-31T17:21:00.000-08:00

Storage
Once roasted, coffee beans must be stored properly to preserve the fresh taste of the bean. Ideally, the container must be airtight and kept cool. In order of importance, air, moisture, heat, and light are the environmental factors[52] responsible for deteriorating flavor in coffee beans.

Folded-over bags, a common way consumers often purchase coffee, are generally not ideal for long-term storage because they allow air to enter. A better package contains a one-way valve, which prevents air from entering.[