AMC EXAMS AUSTRALIA ,AUSTRALIAN MEDICAL EXAMS,MCQS,CLINICALS.

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Mon, 9 Feb 2026 16:08:00 -0800

WHICH MEDICATIONS do not INTERACT WITH ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

1. Ibuprofen

2 Phenytoin

3 Carbamazepine

4 GLP-1 inhibitors

5 Topiramate

Answer -Ibuprofen

GLP-1 -need barrier methods on starting and dose increment period

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Mon, 9 Feb 2026 15:29:00 -0800

MCQ -Not Contraindications for ADHD medications(psychostimulant) include

1. hypertension

2, Hypotension

3, Glaucoma

4 Pheochromocytoma

5, Hyperthyroidism

Answer Hypotension

MCQ - New

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Mon, 9 Feb 2026 15:07:00 -0800

What is not a form of restrctive practice 1. Seclusion 2 .Physical restraint 3. Cmemical restrait 4. No visitors 5. Environmental restraint .

Answer -No visitors

explanation= chemical restraint environmental restraint mechanical restraint physical restraint seclusion.

URTICARIA

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 19:19:00 -0700

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb TRUE OR FALSE 1.Infections are a common causes of acute urticaria in children 2.Urinary Tract infection is a recognised cause of urticaria in children. 3.Urticaria can appear soon after an illness has resolved 4.Direct mast cell activation is a common cause of acute urticaria in children. 5.Inducible urticaria is considered a subtype of acute urticaria Answers 1. TURE 2. TRUE 3. TRUE 4. FLASE 5. FALSE

IRRITABLE BOWEL DISEASE

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Fri, 19 May 2023 13:20:00 -0700

WANNA BE A DOCTOR IN AUSTRALIA?

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 6 Apr 2023 19:20:00 -0700

Interested in working as a doctor in Australia?Yes.......ok you can!

You can find all the information in AMC(Australian Medical Council website).

(A).

1.Are you eligible for AMC exams - Self-Check Eligible Medical Schools

2.How to get Medical Registration-Pathways for International Medical Graduates

(B).

How to Apply-Click Here

(C)

1. English Language requirement-Not for AMC exams but only when you apply for medical registration.

DEVELOPMENT OF ANXIETY IN BIPOLAR DISORDER

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 6 Apr 2023 18:22:00 -0700

there is an accurate

research findings regarding the comorbidity of anxiety disorders in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Studies have shown that approximately half of individuals with BD will develop an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives, and about a third will have an anxiety disorder at any given time. The presence of an anxiety disorder comorbidity in individuals with BD can have a negative impact on various aspects of their presentation and course of illness, including treatment response and outcome. Unfortunately, there is limited research available on the underlying causes and optimal management of this comorbidity. However, it is important for clinicians to be aware of this potential comorbidity and to screen individuals with BD for anxiety disorders. Providing comprehensive and ongoing treatment for both conditions can help prevent the negative consequences of anxiety disorder comorbidity in individuals with BD. This may include a combination of medication and psychotherapy, tailored to the specific needs of the individual.

IRRITABLE BOWEL DISEASE/SYNDROME

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 6 Apr 2023 14:51:00 -0700

IBS-D is a subtype of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel habits, with diarrhea being the predominant symptom. This condition affects approximately 4% of the global population and can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life, work productivity, and healthcare costs. Pharmacological treatment options for IBS-D are challenging due to the heterogeneous patient population, patients' expectations, and the multifactorial and incompletely understood underlying pathophysiology. Currently, pharmacological treatments focus on targeting individual symptoms such as abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, and bloating. Some of the current pharmacological treatment options for IBS-D include antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and probiotics. Newer drugs such as linaclotide and eluxadoline have shown promising results in clinical trials. To guide healthcare professionals in treating individual patients with IBS-D, a pharmacological treatment algorithm is proposed in the review. The algorithm takes into account the severity of symptoms, patient expectations, and potential adverse effects of the medications. In conclusion, IBS-D remains a challenging condition to treat due to its multifactorial nature and the lack of effective medications. However, current and newer pharmacological treatments can help target individual symptoms and improve patients' quality of life. The proposed pharmacological treatment algorithm can guide healthcare professionals in selecting the most appropriate treatment for individual patients.

BREST FEEDING WITH CHICKENPOX/SHINGLES

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 6 Apr 2023 13:41:00 -0700

Breastfeeding is generally encouraged for babies, even if they have been infected with or exposed to VZV (Varicella-Zoster Virus). In fact, breastfeeding can provide several benefits to both the mother and the baby, including boosting the baby's immune system and helping them fight off infections. In the case of VZV, breast milk contains antibodies that can help protect the baby against the virus. These antibodies are produced by the mother's immune system in response to her own exposure to VZV, which can occur either naturally or through vaccination. If a mother has been diagnosed with chickenpox or shingles, she can still breastfeed her baby as long as the rash is not on the breast or nipple area. In cases where the rash is on the breast or nipple, the mother should consult with a healthcare provider to determine if it is safe to breastfeed or if alternative feeding options are necessary. Overall, breastfeeding is a safe and beneficial way to provide nutrition and immune protection to babies, even in cases where they have been infected with or exposed to VZV.

medications causing -PARKINSONISM

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Wed, 5 Apr 2023 04:35:00 -0700

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb medications that can cause parkinsonism: Antipsychotics: Antipsychotic medications used to treat mental health conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder can cause parkinsonism. Examples include haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine. Antiemetics: Antiemetic medications used to treat nausea and vomiting can cause parkinsonism. Examples include metoclopramide and prochlorperazine. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions can cause parkinsonism. Examples include verapamil and nifedipine. Antidepressants: Certain antidepressant medications can cause parkinsonism, particularly tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and imipramine. Lithium: Lithium is a medication used to treat bipolar disorder and can cause parkinsonism as a side effect. Anticonvulsants: Some anticonvulsant medications used to treat epilepsy can cause parkinsonism, such as phenytoin and valproate. Dopamine receptor antagonists: Medications that block the action of dopamine in the brain can cause parkinsonism. Examples include metoclopramide and domperidone. It's important to note that not everyone who takes these medications will develop parkinsonism, and the risk of developing this condition may depend on factors such as age, dose, and duration of treatment. If you are taking any of these medications and are experiencing symptoms of parkinsonism, you should speak with your healthcare provider.

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sun, 2 Apr 2023 05:01:00 -0700

Prenatal care: It is important to start prenatal care as soon as you find out that you are pregnant. Regular prenatal checkups with a healthcare provider can help ensure that you and your baby are healthy and that any potential problems are detected early. Nutrition: Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester when your baby's major organs are developing. Make sure to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Avoid foods that are high in fat, sugar, or salt. Vitamins and supplements: Your healthcare provider may recommend that you take prenatal vitamins or other supplements during pregnancy to ensure that you are getting all of the nutrients you need for a healthy pregnancy. Exercise: Moderate exercise during pregnancy is usually safe and can help improve your overall health and wellbeing. Talk to your healthcare provider about what types of exercise are safe for you and your baby. Rest: Getting enough rest is important during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester when your body is working hard to support your growing baby. Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep per night and take naps if you need to. Avoid harmful substances: Avoid smoking, alcohol, and drugs during pregnancy as they can harm your baby's development. Monitor symptoms: If you experience any unusual symptoms during pregnancy, such as bleeding, severe cramping, or a high fever, contact your healthcare provider right away. They can help determine if further evaluation or treatment is needed.

EPILEPSY

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sun, 2 Apr 2023 04:54:00 -0700

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb What is epilepsy? A. A genetic disorder B. A neurological disorder characterized by seizures C. A respiratory disorder D. A gastrointestinal disorder Answer: B. A neurological disorder characterized by seizures. What is a seizure? A. A sudden loss of consciousness B. A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles C. A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain D. A sudden, temporary loss of memory Answer: C. A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. What is the most common cause of epilepsy? A. Brain injury B. Genetic factors C. Infection D. Unknown Answer: D. Unknown. In many cases, the cause of epilepsy is unknown. What are the different types of seizures? A. Grand mal, petit mal, and focal seizures B. Absence, tonic-clonic, and myoclonic seizures C. Simple partial, complex partial, and generalized seizures D. All of the above Answer: D. All of the above. What is the treatment for epilepsy? A. Surgery B. Medication C. Lifestyle changes D. All of the above Answer: D. All of the above. The treatment for epilepsy depends on the individual and may include surgery, medication, and lifestyle changes.

SUSPECTED MANIA ? SYMPTOMS

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 2 Feb 2023 06:32:00 -0800

SUSPECTED MANIA ? 1. OVERCONFIDENCE 2. IRRITABILITY 3. EXCESSIVE TALKING 4. LESS SLEEP 5. RACING THOUGHTS 6. INCREASED ENERGY LEVEL 7. IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOUR

SCABIES

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sat, 21 Jan 2023 20:38:00 -0800

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb TRUE OR FALSE REGARDING SCABIES 1. Australia is among the highest in the world, 2. Scabies is both directly and indirectly contagious 3. Now seen in more frequently in developed countries 4. Is predominantly seen in the tropics 5. The level of infestation has no correlation with rate of transmission 1. True – high prevalence in northern territory 2. True 3. True 4. True 5. False -directly proportional to the level of infestation .

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Mon, 28 Feb 2022 19:10:00 -0800

RHEUMATIC FEVER 1. The highest rates of acute rheumatic fever have been documented in Australia 2. The highest prevalence and age-standardised mortality of rheumatic heart disease are in developed countries. 3. Mitral stenosis is an early complication. 4. Mitral annular calcification is known cause mitral stenosis 5. Normal mitral valve leaflets are seen in mitral valve disease due to rheumatic fever. 1. TRUE- seen in indigenous population. 2. FALSE-developing countries 3. FLASE-LATE 4. TRUE- As world population age 5. FALSE seen in mitral annular calcification.

OSTEOARTHRITIS

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sat, 26 Feb 2022 16:33:00 -0800

OSTEOARTHRITIS MCQS 1. Bouchard nodes are more common than Heberden nodes 2. Bouchard nodes are associated with more severe arthritis. 3. Heberden nodes are more common in females. 4. The presence of nodes is strongly familial. 5. Bouchard nodes are commonly seen in distal interphalangeal joints. ANSWERS 1. FALSE-LESS COMMON 2. TRUE 3. FALSE- EQUALLY COMMON IN MALES AND FEMALES IN ALL RACES 4. TRUE 5. FALSE- PROXIMAL IPJ ,HEBERDEN NODES ARE SEEN IN DISTAL IPJ

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sat, 26 Feb 2022 16:29:00 -0800

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Thu, 21 Jan 2021 20:37:00 -0800

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION -MCQS

1.May be a marker for asymptomatic cardiovascular disease.

2.Is a strong independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

3.Not commonly coexists with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

4.Most erectile dysfunction has an organic cause.

5.Recreational drug use is considered as a risk factor.

ANSWERS

1.TRUE-Particularly in younger individuals.

2.TRUE-prevelence and association with vascular disease is well recognised.

3.FALSE-commonly coexists with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia

4.TRUE-about 80%

5.TRUE-Other risk factors includes -sedentary life style, obesity, obstructive sleep apnoea, smoking ,diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia ,thyroid disorders, medications etc.

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Wed, 20 Jan 2021 00:40:00 -0800

STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS/TONSILLITIS-MCQS

1. Shared decision making for antibiotics is preferred when risk of non-suppurative complications is not high.

2. Symptomatic therapy can be offered with follow up if symptoms worsen or do not improve within 3-7 days period.

3. A delayed prescription for antibiotics if the patient is not able to return for follow up.

4. Streptococcal tonsillitis/pharyngitis can last up to seven days with or without antibiotics.

5. May sometimes need to be treated with immediate antibiotic therapy.

ANSWERS

1. TRUE-Non suppurative complications like rheumatic fever/carditis

2. TRUE

3. TRUE

4. TRUE

5. TRUE-depend on the risk category for suppurative and non-suppurative complications.

REVISIT A,B,C,D,E,F,G and H

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Tue, 19 Jan 2021 01:58:00 -0800

Skin lesions assessment -Clinical method of melanoma diagnosis

A-Asymmetry(irregular shape)-

B-Border irregularity-

C-colour=Variety of shades ?(brown,red,white, black,)

D-diameter 6mm or more.?

E-Evolution-Has there been a change in size ,shape,colour or height ?

F-Firm or not ?

G-Growing-gradually getting larger ?

BUT -Even if the answer is NO to all

You still need to see a doctor for assessment .

RHUMATIC HEART DISEASE COMPLICATIONS

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Tue, 19 Jan 2021 01:34:00 -0800

RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE COMPLICATIONS-MCQS

COMPLICATIONS OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE INCLUDES

1. Premature death.

2. Atrial fibrillation.

3. Pulmonary Hypertension.

4. Stroke.

5. Endocarditis.

Answers

1. TRUE

2. TRUE

3. TRUE

4. TRUE

5. TRUE

RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE REFERS TO CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE RHEUMATIC CARDITIS.

EXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sat, 16 Jan 2021 20:28:00 -0800

EXERCISE DURING PREGNANCY

1.Exercise during first trimester is not recommended.
2.Reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia
3.Helps improve good blood sugar control
4.Reduces the risk of gestational hypertension
5. Helps loose weight.

ANSWERS
1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE.
And helps improve mental health and pelvic floor musculoskeletal health.

LICHEN SCLEROSUS

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Sat, 16 Jan 2021 19:15:00 -0800

LICHEN SCLEROSUS-MCQS

1. More common in men.

2. Mainly affects the genital area.

3. Rare in children.

4. Presents as a well-defined skin lesion.

5. Need surveillance to detect malignant changes.

Answers

1. FALSE-10 times more common in women

2. TRUE-Vagina is spared

3. TRUE-affects all ages

4. TRUE

5. TRUE-

RHEUMATIC FEVER

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Tue, 12 Jan 2021 04:12:00 -0800

ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER-MCQS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER INCLUDES

1. SUBCUTANEOUS NODULES-
2.CARDITIS-
3.CHOREA
4.JOINT PAINS
5.ERYTEMA MARGINATUM

1. TRUE-rare but highly specific -seen as painless nodules in bony prominence
2. TRUE-a pancarditis-manifestation depend on the degree of heart involvement .
3. FALSE-Sydenham chorea-common in females-manifest after a long latency period of months .
4. TRUE-ARTHRITIS/POLYARTHRALGIA-usually seen within 21 days of infection- a major manifestation.
5. TRUE-rare but highly specific manifestation-may be seen after a hot shower.
ALL THESE CALLED MAJOR MANIFESTATIONS.

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY

irugalb@gmail.com (Banda) — Fri, 8 Jan 2021 12:51:00 -0800

SPINAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY -MCQS
RED FLAGS SIGNS OF SPINAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY INCLUDES

1.Hypotonia.
2.No head control.
3.Absent reflexes.
4.Tounge fasciculation.
5.Cognitive impairment.

ANSWERS
1.TRUE-Profound hypotonia
2.TRUE-Little or no head control
3.TRUE-Absent ,reduced or asymmetric moro reflex and deep tendon reflexes
4.TRUE-feeding difficulty, recurrent respiratory tract infections.
5.FALSE-Normal cognitive development(baby is happy and bright but lazy!)