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    </taxo:topics><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/website_globalization.php</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>TRADUCCIONES EN TIEMPOS DE CRISIS [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/dDRuefv5Edk/</link><category>compañías de traducción la industria las traducciones durante crisis</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2009 18:44:31 PDT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2009/05/traducciones-en-tiempos-de-crisis/</guid><description>Actualmente las noticias relatan innumerables historias de empresas medianas y pequeñas con dificultades considerables que podrían llevarlas a la quiebra. Existe una tensión general que afecta a diversas esferas; ¿cómo se ve afectada la industria de las traducciones?&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/dDRuefv5Edk" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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		<title>Translation Correction by Modifying Mistakes in Source Text</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/wKWSjqZfJlE/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=362#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2009 01:43:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Achates</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Case Study]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[translation quality]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=362</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When a client assigns a translation job to a vender, has he/she realized the mistaken script or words underlying in original file to be translated? Should the assigned translator just translate loyally to the original script or words or converse the errors to correct ones according to 3 ways which the author suggests?
 
While we talk [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When a client assigns a translation job to a vender, has he/she realized the mistaken script or words underlying in original file to be translated? Should the assigned translator just translate loyally to the original script or words or converse the errors to correct ones according to 3 ways which the author suggests?</p>
<p> </p>
<p>While we talk about the<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/translation_management.php"> translation quality</a>, recognition of errors in original presents great importance for a quality translation work. As we know, the translators are supposed to be the discerning readers who pursue refinement more than literacy. So when we take the recognition of original mistakes as an important factor for perfect performance. The assigned translator should emphasize on the interrelationship and coherence of the source language text and never draws an imprudent conclusion without any supporting proof. However, simple mistakes such as typing error, the slip of the pen and some factual mistakes could also be detected by an experienced translator. Actually, it is not rare to make such mistakes in the source materials unless the translator regards himself a first-hand information extractor instead of a literal translation operator. Also, the lack of the comprehension about the background, culture can make his translation no sense. In addition, sentence structure or arrangement is sometimes involved in careless original writing materials. The following examples might cast a light on common mistakes.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>A sentence quoted from a report that related to ethnic investigation: &#8220;Among the informants, the percentage of race of Han is 97.5% while the ethnic races only share a percentage of 25%&#8221;. Evidently the data should be 2.5% instead of 25%. The publisher would lose fame for such a stupid mistake.</p>
<p>Let&#8217;s give another example about Chinese legal system history with such a statement in an original text: The modernization period in China lasted almost a century, from 1860 to 1949. The ages before the year 1910 is defined as Chinese feudalistic legal system time and the period after that till 1924 is called western modern legal system introduction and imitation period. After 1924, Chinese legal system stepped the stage of party regulating period&#8230;.. However, the fact is Chinese feudalistic legal system doesn&#8217;t end in the year but in 1900. By checking and confirming, the translator changed the number after the communication with the writer of the text for translation.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>In the process of translation quality control, recognition of original mistakes and handling with them should be paid great attention to by almost every translator. In despite of different translation constitutions, the methods to handle original mistakes can be roughly summed up to the following:</p>
<p>First, try to give correct translation directly followed by informing the writer to adjust the source edition.</p>
<p>Second, let the text provider know the factual mistake and continue the translation work after the writer has modified the text.</p>
<p>The third way is to translate the problem part into target language giving the correct information and to offer the relative notes or marks. However, the third way is only limited on the situation that the original writer is unavailable.</p>
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		<title>TRADUCCIONES EN TIEMPOS DE CRISIS</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/8_2-a0qHK9c/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=373#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2009 03:16:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Gabriel</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Global Business Strategy]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Translation Trend]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[compañías de traducción]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[la industria de las traducciones]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[professional translators]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[tanslation company]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Traducciones durante crisis]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[translation industry in finance crisis]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=373</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Actualmente las noticias relatan innumerables historias de empresas medianas y pequeñas con dificultades considerables que podrían llevarlas a la quiebra. Existe una tensión general que afecta a diversas esferas; ¿cómo se ve afectada la industria de las traducciones?
 
El área de traducción/interpretación había estado inmune a los diversos reveses de los ciclos económicos. Pero me pregunto: [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Actualmente las noticias relatan innumerables historias de empresas medianas y pequeñas con dificultades considerables que podrían llevarlas a la quiebra. Existe una tensión general que afecta a diversas esferas; ¿cómo se ve afectada <a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/translation_management.php">la industria de las traducciones</a>?</p>
<p> </p>
<p>El área de traducción/interpretación había estado inmune a los diversos reveses de los ciclos económicos. Pero me pregunto: ¿En realidad existe una crisis grave o simplemente es un caos conscientemente planeado, analizado y ejecutado por los poderosos de las finanzas? La respuesta es dual: <em>Sí</em>, porque hay ciertas flaquezas en la economía mundial y <em>No</em>, porque los medios masivos han creado un monstruo aterrador exagerado para convencer a los incrédulos de que hay que hacer lo que los poderosos dicen.</p>
<p>Es innegable que la crisis global afecta absolutamente a todos porque las relaciones comerciales son interdependientes. El efecto dominó es evidente. No obstante, a pesar de lo severa que pueda resultar una crisis, siempre habrá ese amanecer promisorio y optimista para salir adelante y no desfallecer ante el pánico que esta palabra &#8220;crisis&#8221; infunde tanto en la gente adinerada como en cualquier otro ciudadano de a pie.</p>
<p>Muchos abrigamos la esperanza de que en el nuevo año se generen y propaguen masivamente  nuevas oportunidades de trabajo. </p>
<p>Analicemos objetivamente</p>
<ul type="disc">
<li>¿Ha recibido menos trabajos en esta época de crisis?</li>
<li>¿Las agencias han expuesto excusas para demorar los pagos?</li>
<li>¿Le han propuesto reducción de sus tarifas usuales?</li>
<li>¿Las agencias aducen tener presupuestos limitados, pero con intención de establecer una relación a largo plazo?</li>
</ul>
<p>Si bien es cierto que hay muchos traductores/intérpretes, también lo es que muy pocos son verdaderamente profesionales. Porque cualquier persona bilingüe no puede considerarse traductor/intérprete, si no ha recibido una capacitación idónea. Además, esta oferta excesiva solamente se presenta en algunos pares de idiomas y en algunas áreas. Muchas agencias pagan tarifas bajas porque hay &#8220;profesionales&#8221; mediocres que las aceptan.</p>
<p>Factores influyentes a considerar </p>
<p>* Globalización: los avances tecnológicos (Internet y las comunicaciones), no permiten que los profesionales igualmente eficientes, pero trabajando desde países económicamente opuestos, puedan competir con las mismas tarifas. </p>
<p>* La calidad. Muchas agencias asignan los proyectos al licitante que ofrezca la menor tarifa, ignorando la experiencia o las calificaciones.</p>
<p>* Herramientas CAT: Algunas <a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">compañías de traducció</a>n utilizan las herramientas CAT para justificar la reducción de las tarifas por las repeticiones totales o parciales. Otras, les restan importancia a estas poderosas ayudas creyendo que una aplicación puede traducir con la misma precisión de un ser humano eficiente.</p>
<p>* Tecnología: El avance de Internet, las herramientas CAT, los diccionarios en línea, entre otros, han contribuido al incremento de los traductores y por ende a la productividad del campo de las traducciones. La tecnología fomenta la reducción de precios.</p>
<p>¿Qué deben hacer los profesionales de la traducción/interpretación?</p>
<p>No existe una solución mágica a este problema pero una aproximación generalizada es la forma como las empresas reaccionen ante la crisis y otra alternativa es el efecto salvador que los paquetes de ayuda internacional puedan tener para contribuir a apoyar a las pequeñas y medianas empresas. </p>
<p>Pero a nivel de traductores/intérpretes independientes y si el volumen de trabajo se ha reducido y tiene más tiempo libre, hay varias opciones para manejar esta situación:</p>
<p>* Si ha pensado en reducir sus precios, considere el impacto a largo plazo. Un cliente que está acostumbrado a una tarifa, no aceptará fácilmente un incremento.</p>
<p>* Actualice sus conocimientos. Tome un curso que ofrezca certificación para mejorar sus habilidades como traductor/intérprete. Con los programas certificados puede comprobar sus conocimientos organizados y al mismo tiempo mantenerse al día.</p>
<p>* Aprenda nuevas habilidades informáticas o actualice las que ya tiene (programas gráficos, vídeos, audio, redes, herramientas CAT, etc.)</p>
<p>* Investigue las áreas del conocimiento de alta demanda para traducciones/interpretaciones y luego especialícese en una. Recuerde que siempre hay alguien que <strong><em>busca</em></strong> lo que usted tiene, así como también hay alguien que <strong><em>tiene</em></strong> lo que usted busca.</p>
<p>* Cree un nicho. El solo hecho de haber traducido varias veces sobre un área particular, no lo convierte en un experto. Porque la especialización no se obtiene de la noche a la mañana sino que demanda años de estudio organizado y persistente.</p>
<p>* Una vez que se haya vuelto un experto en un área, contacte a empresas/agencias que puedan necesitar sus conocimientos en esa especialidad. Recuerde que los profesionales no aceptan trabajos que no pueden llevar a cabo con eficiencia.</p>
<p>* Combine recursos. Asóciese con colegas cuando tenga proyectos de grandes volúmenes.</p>
<p>* Complemente sus ingresos con trabajos de medio tiempo. Asista a talleres de capacitación sobre varias herramientas CAT. Esto le permite ayudar a otros y de esta forma recuperar parte de la inversión hecha para aprender dichas aplicaciones.</p>
<p>* Currículum Vitae. Vuelva a diseñarlo y dele prioridad a la calidad y no a la cantidad.</p>
<p>* Ofrezca sus servicios voluntarios  a organizaciones filantrópicas o sin ánimo de lucro. Puede practicar sus habilidades lingüísticas y al mismo tiempo cooperar con una buena causa.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusión</strong></p>
<p>Las oportunidades nunca se pierden: otros aprovechan las que uno deja escapar. Pero esto no sucede al azar. Los que aprovechan dichas oportunidades son los que realmente las merecen, es decir, están preparados académicamente, hacen esfuerzos permanentes y nunca, pero nunca se dan por vencidos.</p>
<p>Los psicólogos más prominentes durante toda la historia de la humanidad, siempre han coincidido en que los fracasos o problemas hay que mirarlos como oportunidades para reflexionar y luego actuar haciendo los cambios respectivos. Los fracasos son otra forma de hacer las cosas y aunque nadie busca los errores, ellos son inevitables y por ende debemos prepararnos para afrontar con valentía, visión de futuro y entusiasmo cualquier vicisitud que tengamos, en vez de quejarnos por los golpes que recibamos.</p>
<p>Es innegable que las cosas suceden por <strong><em>causalidad</em></strong> y no por <strong><em>casualidad</em></strong>. Efectivamente: los accidentes o la suerte (vista como algo incontrolable) no existen. Cada quien recoge de lo que siembra y muchas veces en cantidades multiplicadas. Cada quien forja su suerte dependiendo de lo que piense y, obviamente, de lo que haga con dichos pensamientos.</p>
<p>El área de la traducción/interpretación no escapa  a esta realidad y por consiguiente es más sensato sentarse a hacer un análisis profundo para empezar a avanzar por un camino diferente, pero hacia el mismo destino. Es cuestión de lógica simple considerar el hecho de que si <em>&#8220;continuamos haciendo lo que siempre hemos hecho, podremos mantener lo que ahora tenemos.&#8221;</em></p>
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		<title>中国語翻訳の特徴</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/RRNaoi-b5kw/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=379#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2009 09:15:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Global Business Strategy]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Industry News]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[中国語翻訳]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[中国語翻訳市場]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[日本語→中国語]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=379</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[中国における賃金格差
仕事のノウハウは日本は中国より大幅に進んでいるが、日本人は高コストで、交通費は中国スタッフの 10 倍以上、宿泊は高級ホテルで、庶民の数十倍以上、賃金も中国人の平均給与の数十倍であり、中国の低コストなビジネスと比較すると競争力が低い。　翻訳ビジネスは、それ以外のビジネスで既に起こっているように生存競争の時代を迎えるものと予想される。中国語翻訳に関しては、日本と中国の連携により、一層、高品質で低価格なサービスを提供しなければ生き残れない。
中国も完成度の高い翻訳が要求されるようになった。 中国ではWTOの加盟などで様々な領域で国際交流が活発になり、新しい名詞や用語が続出。 中国語で何と表現するのか、日本語の用語は中国語で何とぴったりと表現するのか難しい課題。
中国では外国人が増えてきている。 中国では生活コストが安く、また、最近の発展に伴い仕事も多くなっているというのが主な理由。　日本と中国の交流の高まりに伴い中国語翻訳の需要も増加。　中国では、高品質の製品が製造可能になってきているが、歩調を合わせ、翻訳も品質が向上。中国語翻訳でが優秀な人材の確保が鍵。
日本の製品やサービスの 1/3 は中国で販売・提供されることになると予見。 それに伴い日中翻訳の業務は増加し、マニュアル、知的財産、特許、事業計画、契約書、商品宣伝資料などの翻訳がかなりの勢いで増加するものと推測。従って、中国国内で優秀な人材をより多く確保しておくことは急務。
先週も日本に滞在している中国人の留学生の翻訳した契約書（日本語→中国語）の訳文を読みましたが、文法はほとんど日本式で、普通の中国人が読んだ場合、必ず誤解を招くようなものでした。正確で気品のある中国語は中国人であったとしても、なかなか書けるものではありませんが、それでも、中国国内の中国人翻訳者の方が中国人にとって自然で美しい翻訳を提供できることはほぼ間違いないと言っても良い。
■中国語翻訳の需要は増えているのか？
　グラフ１は前年比の中国語需要に対する増減を各社に質問したもの。回答してくれた翻訳会社は56社で、「増えた」とするところが約６割を占め、「同じ」を含めると９割以上におよぶので、概ねこの１年間は中国語翻訳市場は好調だったことがうかがえる。
■中国語翻訳の特徴
中国人翻訳者の台頭が顕著に
　グラフ２にあるように、日本語から中国語への翻訳が半数以上を占め、概して中国語翻訳者の需要が高いことがわかる。翻訳は概して、ターゲット言語のネイティブが翻訳するほうが正確な翻訳が期待できるし、中国語の場合、中国語翻訳者のほうが報酬を抑えて採用できるという利点があるので、おのずと中国語翻訳者に仕事が依頼されやすい。２年前にも翻訳会社に対し、中国語需要に関するアンケートを実施したが、当時、中国語訳は中国人翻訳者の採用が多かったものの、和訳は日本人翻訳者が中心だった。ところが今回のアンケート調査によって、中国語和訳においても中国人翻訳者の採用が進んでいることがわかった（グラフ３参照）。
小さな動きだが注目したいのは、グラフ２の「その他の言語→中国語」の需要が6.4%もあったこと。つまり、日本の翻訳会社が日本語を介しない翻訳を手がけているということなのである。
■分野の需要
和訳は契約の、中国語訳は技術的な内容についての需要が高い
　分野的に見ると、５位ランキングを見ると和訳では技術的な内容よりも社会・経済のものが多いことがわかる。１位に「法律」が入っているのは、中国独自の社会習慣があるので、法律を研究したり、日系企業と中国企業が契約書を交わして体制を固めてから取引をしていることがアンケートからもうかがえる。
　一方、中国語訳になると技術的な内容が多いことがうかがえる（「日本語→中国語５位ランキング参照）。こうした傾向を踏まえて、中国人翻訳者や日本人翻訳者は自分が接する分野の内容的な準備をしておく必要があるだろう。


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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>中国における賃金格差</strong></p>
<p>仕事のノウハウは日本は中国より大幅に進んでいるが、日本人は高コストで、交通費は中国スタッフの 10 倍以上、宿泊は高級ホテルで、庶民の数十倍以上、賃金も中国人の平均給与の数十倍であり、中国の低コストなビジネスと比較すると競争力が低い。　翻訳ビジネスは、それ以外のビジネスで既に起こっているように生存競争の時代を迎えるものと予想される。中国語翻訳に関しては、日本と中国の連携により、一層、高品質で低価格なサービスを提供しなければ生き残れない。</p>
<p>中国も完成度の高い翻訳が要求されるようになった。 中国ではWTOの加盟などで様々な領域で国際交流が活発になり、新しい名詞や用語が続出。 中国語で何と表現するのか、日本語の用語は中国語で何とぴったりと表現するのか難しい課題。</p>
<p>中国では外国人が増えてきている。 中国では生活コストが安く、また、最近の発展に伴い仕事も多くなっているというのが主な理由。　日本と中国の交流の高まりに伴い<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/multilingual/">中国語翻訳</a>の需要も増加。　中国では、高品質の製品が製造可能になってきているが、歩調を合わせ、翻訳も品質が向上。中国語翻訳でが優秀な人材の確保が鍵。</p>
<p>日本の製品やサービスの 1/3 は中国で販売・提供されることになると予見。 それに伴い日中翻訳の業務は増加し、マニュアル、知的財産、特許、事業計画、契約書、商品宣伝資料などの翻訳がかなりの勢いで増加するものと推測。従って、中国国内で優秀な人材をより多く確保しておくことは急務。</p>
<p>先週も日本に滞在している中国人の留学生の翻訳した契約書（<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">日本語→中国語</a>）の訳文を読みましたが、文法はほとんど日本式で、普通の中国人が読んだ場合、必ず誤解を招くようなものでした。正確で気品のある中国語は中国人であったとしても、なかなか書けるものではありませんが、それでも、中国国内の中国人翻訳者の方が中国人にとって自然で美しい翻訳を提供できることはほぼ間違いないと言っても良い。</p>
<p align="left"><strong>■</strong><strong>中国語翻訳の需要は増えているのか？</strong></p>
<p align="left">　グラフ１は前年比の中国語需要に対する増減を各社に質問したもの。回答してくれた翻訳会社は56社で、「増えた」とするところが約６割を占め、「同じ」を含めると９割以上におよぶので、概ねこの１年間は中国語翻訳市場は好調だったことがうかがえる。</p>
<p align="left"><strong>■</strong><strong>中国語翻訳の特徴</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p align="left"><strong>中国人翻訳者の台頭が顕著に</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p align="left">　グラフ２にあるように、日本語から中国語への翻訳が半数以上を占め、概して中国語翻訳者の需要が高いことがわかる。翻訳は概して、ターゲット言語のネイティブが翻訳するほうが正確な翻訳が期待できるし、中国語の場合、中国語翻訳者のほうが報酬を抑えて採用できるという利点があるので、おのずと中国語翻訳者に仕事が依頼されやすい。２年前にも翻訳会社に対し、中国語需要に関するアンケートを実施したが、当時、中国語訳は中国人翻訳者の採用が多かったものの、和訳は日本人翻訳者が中心だった。ところが今回のアンケート調査によって、中国語和訳においても中国人翻訳者の採用が進んでいることがわかった（グラフ３参照）。</p>
<p align="left">小さな動きだが注目したいのは、グラフ２の「その他の言語→中国語」の需要が6.4%もあったこと。つまり、日本の翻訳会社が日本語を介しない翻訳を手がけているということなのである。</p>
<p align="left"><strong>■</strong><strong>分野の需要</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p align="left"><strong>和訳は契約の、中国語訳は技術的な内容についての需要が高い</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p align="left">　分野的に見ると、５位ランキングを見ると和訳では技術的な内容よりも社会・経済のものが多いことがわかる。１位に「法律」が入っているのは、中国独自の社会習慣があるので、法律を研究したり、日系企業と中国企業が契約書を交わして体制を固めてから取引をしていることがアンケートからもうかがえる。</p>
<p align="left">　一方、中国語訳になると技術的な内容が多いことがうかがえる（「日本語→中国語５位ランキング参照）。こうした傾向を踏まえて、中国人翻訳者や日本人翻訳者は自分が接する分野の内容的な準備をしておく必要があるだろう。</p>
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		<title>翻訳サービス市場の分析</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/CmXkxiyMYpw/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=456#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2009 23:38:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>shizuka</dc:creator>
		
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		<category><![CDATA[translation industry]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=456</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[（一）翻訳サービス業将来の見込み
　翻訳サービス業が発展する原因は四つあると思う。
第一、グローバル化の発展が素早くなり、中国と日本の友好交流が深くなり、 経済発展とともに情報の交流も盛んになる。契約書翻訳、文献翻訳、資料翻訳、報告書翻訳、調査書翻訳、評論翻訳、解説翻訳、企画書翻訳など翻訳ニーズが多くなってくる。ニーズがあれば市場が出来る。
　第二、科学の進歩につれて、交流手段も飛躍的発展を遂げた。唐代の玄蔵が天竺へ十年程の旅をして辿り着くことに対して、現代の交流スピードは想像できないほど速い。ファックスとか、Ｅメイルとか、即時の交流メディア（QQ、Hotmailなど）とか、インターネットの応用範囲の拡大と国際的な電子商取引が熟達になりにつれて、情報通信の速度を秒で計算する。
　第三、各単科大学と総合大学で育て出来る言語専攻の学生が多くなり、翻訳方面の仕事をしようとする学生も少なくない。現在翻訳市場にで活躍する翻訳者は大体学者、教師、学生である。
　第四、翻訳サービス業は第三産業に属する。コストが低くて、利潤が高い。特に使用人口少ない言語では利潤がもっと高い。
　以上述べたところを総合すれば、翻訳サービス業の見込みは良好であって、まだ発展の余地がある。
（二）発展現状と問題
翻訳業は歴史を持っている産業の一つであり、勿論国民経済と改革開放にとって、重要な役割を果たし、非常に関心が持たれている分野になってくる。
。目前（2004年で統計）、全世界において翻訳サービス市場の年間生産額が130億米ドルを上回り、アジア太平洋地域が30%を占めていた。2005年、翻訳サービス市場の規模は227億米ドルに達した。中国翻訳サービス市場の規模は110億元左右で、2005年では200億元を突破した。そして、2007年では300億元に成った。http://www.1&#215;1y.com.cn翻訳サイトだけでは登録する翻訳会社が2834社がある。しかし、大きな翻訳ニーズと調和が取れないところは内陸翻訳能力が低いことである。中国の翻訳市場の規模が百億円を突破したが、翻訳会社で消化し出来る産額が10-15億元だけである。人材、技術不十分の為に、大量的な外国語の翻訳が出来ない。国際の情報を消化出来ないゆえに、中国は多くのビジネスチャンスを失ってしまった。業界内の専門家はこう指摘した、中国の翻訳サービス業を制約する原因は以下に述べる。
１．暴利を貪ることができると考え、大勢の翻訳能力低い人と経験少ない人が翻訳者の列に混入した。実は、翻訳登録済みの会社になろうとしたら、どんな特別な素質証明は必要ではない。メディアはその状況について、翻訳会社の登録はクリーニング店と同じにで、ただ万元を投資して、富みを生み出す早道であるという悪い評論も出した。そんな低い敷居なので、翻訳サービス業は泥も砂も一緒に押し流し、玉石混交であるの状態になる。翻訳の質が粗悪で、保障が得られない。一部のベテラン翻訳専門家は手厳しくこう指摘した、目前中国における翻訳業に浮ついていて、功をこり、業務レベルが低く、翻訳道徳を失って、もっぱら利益を図っていて、従事状態が混乱で、経営規範に合っていないなどの問題が普遍的に存在する。これが翻訳サービス市場の名声と評判には極めて大きな損を与えた。
２．現在国内には規模の小さい翻訳会社が多く、規模の大きな会社が少ない。年営業利益500万元以上の翻訳機関と会社が極めてまれである。それに、名高い会社がほとんどなく、市場に良好的な引率働きと手本の役割を果たせない。国際的な翻訳巨頭Trados等が中国市場に突きこんだ時、中国翻訳会社は指導者を欠き、相当的な製品とサービスを出せなく、それと拮抗することに足らない。
３．総合的に品質をコントロールするシステムが乏しい。現在90%以上の翻訳機関と社会の翻訳操作が完全な手仕事の段階にとどまり、翻訳品質を測定検査する道具と整っているプロセスが殆どない。その結果、政治、経済、文化、科学等の領域の中外交流に非常な悪い影響を与えた。
４．翻訳サービスの競争が激しいが、採用する手段は主に成約額を抑えるなどの低い段階の競争である。市場の規模が大きくならないという悪循環になってしまう。全国で専門翻訳会社で登録した会社が3000社強あるが、推測によれば、諮問会社や、印刷会社の名で登録して、実に翻訳仕事も引き受ける会社は一万社かあるだろう。低いコストと水準の低い人力資源を頼って、むやみに翻訳する場合が多い。もともと低い価額を一層押し、多くの非公式の「翻訳会社」のオッファーシートは公式会社の半額に及ばない。例として、上海の翻訳会社の日本語中訳の価額区間は千字ごとに180-240元、中国語日訳は千字ごとに220-280元。それに対して、青島の翻訳会社日本語中訳、中国語日訳は千字ごとに60-80元。品質を無視し、信用を守らなく、ただ値切るだけで競争している市場環境は、翻訳品質は高いが、コストも高い公式的な翻訳会社に巨大な圧力を与えた。盲目的な価額戦で多くの優秀な翻訳者は翻訳業を離れていく、大量的な翻訳不良品は市場に氾濫している。苦労した翻訳者は最後オッファーシートの42%だけのお金を得られる。校正作業人員は18%を貰い、翻訳会社は40%の資金を搾取する。
５．翻訳養成訓練機構不十分で、科学面翻訳人材が足りない。2006年中国の大学には初めて「翻訳」という専攻を設立した。それに、社会には科学専攻の翻訳人材を養成する機構も少ない。だから、科学面の翻訳人材が供給不足である。又、大学に設立した翻訳課程は殆ど翻訳理論を重視し、翻訳会社の実際翻訳プロジェクトと結びつけることが少ない。言語専攻で卒業した学生は翻訳会社に就職したら、また第二次訓練が必要である。
６．詐欺のようなよくない現象
一部の翻訳会社は詐欺の手段を使い、黒翻訳会社と呼ばれる。注文書（原稿）を貰った以後、原稿を幾つ小さい文書に分解して、名目はテストで臨時に連絡する翻訳者に配って無償で翻訳する。そして、ばらばらな翻訳完成品を校正人員に与え、校正人員でこれを整理統合する。そうすると、黒翻訳会社はただ１８％の金を校正人員に支給しだけで済む。
一部の翻訳者も名誉に損をする。例えば、翻訳会社から貰ったテストを高品質でやって、そうしたら大きな翻訳プロジェクトを受け取って、また他の翻訳者を探し、残った原稿をもっと低い価額で配り、自分が手数料を貰う。或は、翻訳作品の前半の質がよいが、後半は翻訳機器で翻訳する。
 
解決意見
今の翻訳市場は少し乱れていて、価額の定めることも不公平で、各翻訳会社は競って値段を抑えるし、翻訳者は正式の研修をなしに直接用いられることも多いし、翻訳された文章の品質は余り高くない。それに対してはマクロ的な処理する必要がある。　
　単科大学と総合大学などの教育団体は各種の調査研究を展開すべき、翻訳品質や市場や人材養成などに関する学術シンポジウムを開催し、政府も協力して、翻訳サービス市場の監督の役割を果たす。
そして、崇高的な翻訳道徳を発揚し、翻訳業における詐欺のようなよくない現象を押さえつけ、翻訳知的所有権の保護システムと法律的な諮問機関を建設する必要があると思う。
　翻訳市場に存在する翻訳会社の詐欺について、今までよい解決方法はないが、翻訳者の詐欺にとして、翻訳会社は今、今月の原稿料では来月で決算という仕方を採用する。翻訳された文章が規定の品質にならないと、原稿料を払わないことである。この方法を使って、一程度で翻訳者の詐欺する現象を抑えたが、他の方法を考えなければならない。
　翻訳者の権利を守っては、先端的な技術が必要である。ワールドのドキュメントにパスワードを設置して、翻訳会社に渡する。翻訳会社はただ読めて、使用することが出来ない。翻訳の質量を検査した後、合格するのなら、翻訳者の料金を払う。そして、翻訳者はパスワードを会社に渡し、このドキュメントが使えるようになる。
　インターネットの商売が繁盛している現在、支払方法が多くなる。翻訳会社は今サードパーティー支払方法を受け取り、すなわち、翻訳会社はお金をAlipay,　Paypal（サードパーティーの二種類）などに支払い、翻訳者も原稿をAlipay,Paypalに提出して、確認した後、サードパーティーはお金を翻訳者へ支払い、原稿を翻訳会社へ渡す。翻訳の取引にサードパーティーが介入して後、会社の信用にも、翻訳者の信用にも保障しされている。

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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a name="_Toc230757768">（一）翻訳サービス業将来の見込み</a></p>
<p>　<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/">翻訳サービス業</a>が発展する原因は四つあると思う。</p>
<p>第一、グローバル化の発展が素早くなり、中国と日本の友好交流が深くなり、 経済発展とともに情報の交流も盛んになる。契約書翻訳、文献翻訳、資料翻訳、報告書翻訳、調査書翻訳、評論翻訳、解説翻訳、企画書翻訳など翻訳ニーズが多くなってくる。ニーズがあれば市場が出来る。</p>
<p>　第二、科学の進歩につれて、交流手段も飛躍的発展を遂げた。唐代の玄蔵が天竺へ十年程の旅をして辿り着くことに対して、現代の交流スピードは想像できないほど速い。ファックスとか、Ｅメイルとか、即時の交流メディア（QQ、Hotmailなど）とか、インターネットの応用範囲の拡大と国際的な電子商取引が熟達になりにつれて、情報通信の速度を秒で計算する。</p>
<p>　第三、各単科大学と総合大学で育て出来る言語専攻の学生が多くなり、翻訳方面の仕事をしようとする学生も少なくない。現在翻訳市場にで活躍する翻訳者は大体学者、教師、学生である。</p>
<p>　第四、翻訳サービス業は第三産業に属する。コストが低くて、利潤が高い。特に使用人口少ない言語では利潤がもっと高い。</p>
<p>　以上述べたところを総合すれば、<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/services.php">翻訳サービス</a>業の見込みは良好であって、まだ発展の余地がある。</p>
<p><a name="_Toc230757769">（二）発展現状と問題</a></p>
<p>翻訳業は歴史を持っている産業の一つであり、勿論国民経済と改革開放にとって、重要な役割を果たし、非常に関心が持たれている分野になってくる。</p>
<p>。目前（2004年で統計）、全世界において<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">翻訳サービス市場</a>の年間生産額が130億米ドルを上回り、アジア太平洋地域が30%を占めていた。2005年、翻訳サービス市場の規模は227億米ドルに達した。中国翻訳サービス市場の規模は110億元左右で、2005年では200億元を突破した。そして、2007年では300億元に成った。http://www.1&#215;1y.com.cn翻訳サイトだけでは登録する<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">翻訳会社</a>が2834社がある。しかし、大きな翻訳ニーズと調和が取れないところは内陸翻訳能力が低いことである。中国の翻訳市場の規模が百億円を突破したが、翻訳会社で消化し出来る産額が10-15億元だけである。人材、技術不十分の為に、大量的な外国語の翻訳が出来ない。国際の情報を消化出来ないゆえに、中国は多くのビジネスチャンスを失ってしまった。業界内の専門家はこう指摘した、中国の翻訳サービス業を制約する原因は以下に述べる。</p>
<p>１．暴利を貪ることができると考え、大勢の翻訳能力低い人と経験少ない人が翻訳者の列に混入した。実は、翻訳登録済みの会社になろうとしたら、どんな特別な素質証明は必要ではない。メディアはその状況について、翻訳会社の登録はクリーニング店と同じにで、ただ万元を投資して、富みを生み出す早道であるという悪い評論も出した。そんな低い敷居なので、翻訳サービス業は泥も砂も一緒に押し流し、玉石混交であるの状態になる。翻訳の質が粗悪で、保障が得られない。一部のベテラン翻訳専門家は手厳しくこう指摘した、目前中国における翻訳業に浮ついていて、功をこり、業務レベルが低く、翻訳道徳を失って、もっぱら利益を図っていて、従事状態が混乱で、経営規範に合っていないなどの問題が普遍的に存在する。これが翻訳サービス市場の名声と評判には極めて大きな損を与えた。</p>
<p>２．現在国内には規模の小さい翻訳会社が多く、規模の大きな会社が少ない。年営業利益500万元以上の翻訳機関と会社が極めてまれである。それに、名高い会社がほとんどなく、市場に良好的な引率働きと手本の役割を果たせない。国際的な翻訳巨頭Trados等が中国市場に突きこんだ時、中国翻訳会社は指導者を欠き、相当的な製品とサービスを出せなく、それと拮抗することに足らない。</p>
<p>３．総合的に品質をコントロールするシステムが乏しい。現在90%以上の翻訳機関と社会の翻訳操作が完全な手仕事の段階にとどまり、翻訳品質を測定検査する道具と整っているプロセスが殆どない。その結果、政治、経済、文化、科学等の領域の中外交流に非常な悪い影響を与えた。</p>
<p>４．翻訳サービスの競争が激しいが、採用する手段は主に成約額を抑えるなどの低い段階の競争である。市場の規模が大きくならないという悪循環になってしまう。全国で専門翻訳会社で登録した会社が3000社強あるが、推測によれば、諮問会社や、印刷会社の名で登録して、実に翻訳仕事も引き受ける会社は一万社かあるだろう。低いコストと水準の低い人力資源を頼って、むやみに翻訳する場合が多い。もともと低い価額を一層押し、多くの非公式の「翻訳会社」のオッファーシートは公式会社の半額に及ばない。例として、上海の翻訳会社の日本語中訳の価額区間は千字ごとに180-240元、中国語日訳は千字ごとに220-280元。それに対して、青島の翻訳会社日本語中訳、中国語日訳は千字ごとに60-80元。品質を無視し、信用を守らなく、ただ値切るだけで競争している市場環境は、翻訳品質は高いが、コストも高い公式的な翻訳会社に巨大な圧力を与えた。盲目的な価額戦で多くの優秀な翻訳者は翻訳業を離れていく、大量的な翻訳不良品は市場に氾濫している。苦労した翻訳者は最後オッファーシートの42%だけのお金を得られる。校正作業人員は18%を貰い、翻訳会社は40%の資金を搾取する。</p>
<p>５．翻訳養成訓練機構不十分で、科学面翻訳人材が足りない。2006年中国の大学には初めて「翻訳」という専攻を設立した。それに、社会には科学専攻の翻訳人材を養成する機構も少ない。だから、科学面の翻訳人材が供給不足である。又、大学に設立した翻訳課程は殆ど翻訳理論を重視し、翻訳会社の実際翻訳プロジェクトと結びつけることが少ない。言語専攻で卒業した学生は翻訳会社に就職したら、また第二次訓練が必要である。</p>
<p>６．詐欺のようなよくない現象</p>
<p>一部の翻訳会社は詐欺の手段を使い、黒翻訳会社と呼ばれる。注文書（原稿）を貰った以後、原稿を幾つ小さい文書に分解して、名目はテストで臨時に連絡する翻訳者に配って無償で翻訳する。そして、ばらばらな翻訳完成品を校正人員に与え、校正人員でこれを整理統合する。そうすると、黒翻訳会社はただ１８％の金を校正人員に支給しだけで済む。</p>
<p>一部の翻訳者も名誉に損をする。例えば、翻訳会社から貰ったテストを高品質でやって、そうしたら大きな翻訳プロジェクトを受け取って、また他の翻訳者を探し、残った原稿をもっと低い価額で配り、自分が手数料を貰う。或は、翻訳作品の前半の質がよいが、後半は翻訳機器で翻訳する。</p>
<p> </p>
<p><a name="_Toc230757770">解決意見</a></p>
<p>今の翻訳市場は少し乱れていて、価額の定めることも不公平で、各翻訳会社は競って値段を抑えるし、翻訳者は正式の研修をなしに直接用いられることも多いし、翻訳された文章の品質は余り高くない。それに対してはマクロ的な処理する必要がある。　</p>
<p>　単科大学と総合大学などの教育団体は各種の調査研究を展開すべき、翻訳品質や市場や人材養成などに関する学術シンポジウムを開催し、政府も協力して、翻訳サービス市場の監督の役割を果たす。</p>
<p>そして、崇高的な翻訳道徳を発揚し、翻訳業における詐欺のようなよくない現象を押さえつけ、翻訳知的所有権の保護システムと法律的な諮問機関を建設する必要があると思う。</p>
<p>　翻訳市場に存在する翻訳会社の詐欺について、今までよい解決方法はないが、翻訳者の詐欺にとして、翻訳会社は今、今月の原稿料では来月で決算という仕方を採用する。翻訳された文章が規定の品質にならないと、原稿料を払わないことである。この方法を使って、一程度で翻訳者の詐欺する現象を抑えたが、他の方法を考えなければならない。</p>
<p>　翻訳者の権利を守っては、先端的な技術が必要である。ワールドのドキュメントにパスワードを設置して、翻訳会社に渡する。翻訳会社はただ読めて、使用することが出来ない。翻訳の質量を検査した後、合格するのなら、翻訳者の料金を払う。そして、翻訳者はパスワードを会社に渡し、このドキュメントが使えるようになる。</p>
<p>　インターネットの商売が繁盛している現在、支払方法が多くなる。翻訳会社は今サードパーティー支払方法を受け取り、すなわち、翻訳会社はお金をAlipay,　Paypal（サードパーティーの二種類）などに支払い、翻訳者も原稿をAlipay,Paypalに提出して、確認した後、サードパーティーはお金を翻訳者へ支払い、原稿を翻訳会社へ渡す。翻訳の取引にサードパーティーが介入して後、会社の信用にも、翻訳者の信用にも保障しされている。</p>
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		<title>産業翻訳ってどんな仕事？</title>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Jun 2009 00:03:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>shizuka</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Theory Study]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[freelancer]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[industrial translation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=459</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[１．産業翻訳とは？
一口に翻訳の仕事と言っても、ＳＦ、ノンフィクション、字幕、吹き替え、契約書、特許、マニュアルなど各種ある。その中でも、一般の企業活動で発生する翻訳需要を対象にするのが産業翻訳（ビジネス翻訳）というジャンルだ。 
勤務形態には、一般企業の翻訳関係部門で働く社内翻訳者、人材派遣会社から企業に派遣される派遣翻訳者、翻訳会社の社内に勤務するインハウス翻訳者、翻訳会社などに登録して在宅で働くフリーランス翻訳者などがある。 
２．翻訳者の生活
フリーランス以外の翻訳者の生活、収入等は一般の派遣社員や契約社員と大差ない。労働時間や年収は常識的な範囲内にある。一方、フリーランス翻訳者の労働形態は典型的なSOHO (Small Office Home Office) である。収入は文字通り働いた分しか得られないので個人差が大きい。下は年間数十万円程度から、トップクラスになると大卒サラリーマン並の年収を翻訳だけで稼ぎだしているプロも実在する。しかも、年齢、性別、学歴、職歴などにはまったく左右されないので、完全な実力主義の世界だといえる。
ただし、一般に翻訳で生計を立てていくためには、休日返上の長時間労働を強いられることが多いのも事実。私自身も、人に仕事のことをたずねられると、自嘲的に「年中無休24時間営業です」などと答えている。恥ずかしながら、豊かな暮らしをしているとは言えない。つまり、同じ年収のサラリーマンに比べると、翻訳者の時間単価はさほど高くないのである。また、デフレ不況下、翻訳単価の大幅な下落により翻訳を生業とするのが年々難しくなっているといわれている。
３．家庭との両立
では、主婦（夫）業との兼業で翻訳の仕事をする立場ならどうだろうか。女性（男性）が家事や育児と両立できる仕事を見つけるのは今の世でもやさしくないが、翻訳なら完全に自_宅でできるので負担も少ない。生活基盤が配偶者の収入である場合は、ゆとりを持って仕事ができるだろう。時間売りのパートなどに比べれば、仕事自体に魅力があり、収入もずっといい。それに翻訳家というステータスが手に入る。これほど魅力的な知的職業はないだろう。
４．資格は必要か
翻訳の仕事を始めるのに特別なライセンスは必要ない。誰だって実力さえあれば独立開業できる。英検などの語学検定や、翻訳関係の検定試験に合格していれば確かに一定の能力がある証にはなるが、それで翻訳者としての実務能力が保証されるわけではない。ほとんどの場合、履歴書に花を添える程度の効力しかない。
５．成功するには
成功するためには、なんと言っても翻訳能力（外国語能力、専門知識、日本語文章力）が最も重要な要件である。職人仕事なので、腕のよし悪しがものをいう。ただし、高収入を得るためには、営業センス（人脈構築力、売り込み能力、情報収集力）も軽視できない。プロの翻訳者は掲示板やメーリングリストなどコミュニティを利用して、仲間を作り、活発に情報交換をしているが、これも営業活動の一環だと考えられる。
６．トライアル
業界ではトライアルと呼ばれる翻訳技能テストの結果で翻訳者の採否を決めるのが一般的である。公募の場合、その合格率は1～2％と言われ、かなりの狭き門になっているようだ。トライアルに合格しても仕事の依頼が来るとは限らない。とりあえず、その会社の翻訳者として登録してもらえるだけである。ベテラン翻訳者が手一杯になったなどの理由で、運良く仕事が回ってきても安心はできない。一度、仕事を受けたが、品質が良くなくてそれっきり切られてしまうケースが非常に多いからだ。本当のトライアルは、最初の仕事で、リピートオーダーがきたら合格と考えた方がいい。
７．産業翻訳者になるには
産業翻訳者になる方法は色々考えられ、特に定石のようなものはない。ほとんど準備らしいことはしていないのに、いきなり第一線で活躍している人もいる。それでも、実社会経験で身につけた知識が必要になることが多いので、大学を卒業してすぐにフリーの翻訳者になろうというのは無謀だ。 
　一番確実で失敗がないのは、一般企業の翻訳部門や翻訳会社に勤務して、現場で実務経験を積むことだろう。翻訳業界のしくみを学べるし、人脈もできる。自信がついたら、頃合いを見計らって独立すればい。 
　直接、翻訳に関係のないセクション、たとえば海外業務、貿易事務などの職場での経験も有効だ。業務で得られる専門知識や、ビジネス社会のルール、異文化への理解などが様々な面で翻訳に役立つからだ。 
　技術職に就いていて語学に堪能な人なら、翻訳者としても即戦力として期待される。特許を扱う特許事務所に勤務して特許翻訳者を目指すのも手堅い方法だろう。需要が多いので、比較的短い準備期間でプロとしてやっていけるようになる人が多いようだ。

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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>１．産業翻訳とは？</p>
<p>一口に翻訳の仕事と言っても、ＳＦ、ノンフィクション、字幕、吹き替え、契約書、特許、マニュアルなど各種ある。その中でも、一般の企業活動で発生する翻訳需要を対象にするのが産業翻訳（ビジネス翻訳）というジャンルだ。 </p>
<p>勤務形態には、一般企業の翻訳関係部門で働く社内翻訳者、人材派遣会社から企業に派遣される派遣翻訳者、翻訳会社の社内に勤務するインハウス翻訳者、翻訳会社などに登録して在宅で働くフリーランス翻訳者などがある。 </p>
<p>２．翻訳者の生活</p>
<p>フリーランス以外の翻訳者の生活、収入等は一般の派遣社員や契約社員と大差ない。労働時間や年収は常識的な範囲内にある。一方、フリーランス翻訳者の労働形態は典型的なSOHO (Small Office Home Office) である。収入は文字通り働いた分しか得られないので個人差が大きい。下は年間数十万円程度から、トップクラスになると大卒サラリーマン並の年収を翻訳だけで稼ぎだしているプロも実在する。しかも、年齢、性別、学歴、職歴などにはまったく左右されないので、完全な実力主義の世界だといえる。</p>
<p>ただし、一般に翻訳で生計を立てていくためには、休日返上の長時間労働を強いられることが多いのも事実。私自身も、人に仕事のことをたずねられると、自嘲的に「年中無休24時間営業です」などと答えている。恥ずかしながら、豊かな暮らしをしているとは言えない。つまり、同じ年収のサラリーマンに比べると、翻訳者の時間単価はさほど高くないのである。また、デフレ不況下、翻訳単価の大幅な下落により翻訳を生業とするのが年々難しくなっているといわれている。</p>
<p>３．家庭との両立</p>
<p>では、主婦（夫）業との兼業で翻訳の仕事をする立場ならどうだろうか。女性（男性）が家事や育児と両立できる仕事を見つけるのは今の世でもやさしくないが、翻訳なら完全に自_宅でできるので負担も少ない。生活基盤が配偶者の収入である場合は、ゆとりを持って仕事ができるだろう。時間売りのパートなどに比べれば、仕事自体に魅力があり、収入もずっといい。それに翻訳家というステータスが手に入る。これほど魅力的な知的職業はないだろう。</p>
<p>４．資格は必要か</p>
<p>翻訳の仕事を始めるのに特別なライセンスは必要ない。誰だって実力さえあれば独立開業できる。英検などの語学検定や、翻訳関係の検定試験に合格していれば確かに一定の能力がある証にはなるが、それで翻訳者としての実務能力が保証されるわけではない。ほとんどの場合、履歴書に花を添える程度の効力しかない。</p>
<p>５．成功するには</p>
<p>成功するためには、なんと言っても翻訳能力（外国語能力、専門知識、日本語文章力）が最も重要な要件である。職人仕事なので、腕のよし悪しがものをいう。ただし、高収入を得るためには、営業センス（人脈構築力、売り込み能力、情報収集力）も軽視できない。プロの翻訳者は掲示板やメーリングリストなどコミュニティを利用して、仲間を作り、活発に情報交換をしているが、これも営業活動の一環だと考えられる。</p>
<p>６．トライアル</p>
<p>業界ではトライアルと呼ばれる翻訳技能テストの結果で翻訳者の採否を決めるのが一般的である。公募の場合、その合格率は1～2％と言われ、かなりの狭き門になっているようだ。トライアルに合格しても仕事の依頼が来るとは限らない。とりあえず、その会社の翻訳者として登録してもらえるだけである。ベテラン翻訳者が手一杯になったなどの理由で、運良く仕事が回ってきても安心はできない。一度、仕事を受けたが、品質が良くなくてそれっきり切られてしまうケースが非常に多いからだ。本当のトライアルは、最初の仕事で、リピートオーダーがきたら合格と考えた方がいい。</p>
<p>７．産業翻訳者になるには</p>
<p>産業翻訳者になる方法は色々考えられ、特に定石のようなものはない。ほとんど準備らしいことはしていないのに、いきなり第一線で活躍している人もいる。それでも、実社会経験で身につけた知識が必要になることが多いので、大学を卒業してすぐにフリーの翻訳者になろうというのは無謀だ。 </p>
<p>　一番確実で失敗がないのは、一般企業の翻訳部門や翻訳会社に勤務して、現場で実務経験を積むことだろう。翻訳業界のしくみを学べるし、人脈もできる。自信がついたら、頃合いを見計らって独立すればい。 </p>
<p>　直接、翻訳に関係のないセクション、たとえば海外業務、貿易事務などの職場での経験も有効だ。業務で得られる専門知識や、ビジネス社会のルール、異文化への理解などが様々な面で翻訳に役立つからだ。 </p>
<p>　技術職に就いていて語学に堪能な人なら、翻訳者としても即戦力として期待される。特許を扱う特許事務所に勤務して特許翻訳者を目指すのも手堅い方法だろう。需要が多いので、比較的短い準備期間でプロとしてやっていけるようになる人が多いようだ。</p>
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		<title>AimeeMullins at TED - Feb.2009 - CHT</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2009 06:30:01 +0000</pubDate>
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AimeeMullins and her 12 legs speech at TED, February 2009

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<p>AimeeMullins and her 12 legs speech at TED, February 2009</p>
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		<title>专职译员、自由译者、翻译团队和翻译公司的优劣比较</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2009 06:53:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[母语翻译]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[当今的翻译界可谓是百花齐放。尽管解放前和建国初期的知名翻译大家逐渐淡出了公众的视线，后来居上的是财经著作翻译、企业和机构的专职译员、独立自由译者、翻译团队和翻译公司。
 
财经和其他社科翻译是比较独特的一类译员。他们往往是一些大机构、大企业的高级分析师，也有一些管理者。因为他们具有比较丰富的专业知识和行业经验，从而占据了书籍翻译的至高点。出版社的翻译任务也自然委派给了他们。
 
企业或其他类型机构聘用的专职译员基本不是专业级的翻译。他们工作年限较短，并且多数不具备丰富的行业背景知识。这就造成他们翻译工作的效率不高。在工作时间内，很少全天工作时间都有翻译任务的情况。很多时间他们被上级主管要求熟悉行业、生产或产品知识，并且很多企业还不得不对其专职翻译进行培训，以提高他们的人力资源技能。但是多数专职译员在语言技能和专业知识提高到社会可接纳的水平之后，就会选择跳槽到更高待遇、更能发挥自己、而且也具有更大挑战性的企业或机构。
 
遇到大项目翻译时，这些企业仍然不得不依赖外部的翻译专家或者外包给翻译团队或公司。当大量文字翻译项目被包给外部协作者的时候，这些企业内部专职翻译就演变成外包管理和协调员。
 
经验丰富的译员很少愿意在一个企业担任专职翻译。专职翻译的来源有两类：一是语言基础比较好，工作经验少，需要在一家企业工作以便得到稳定的收入来源。二是作自由职业和其他专职工作后转到企业的翻译岗位上。他们的工作经验和行业知识虽然比较多，但是翻译经验少或者翻译水平有限，所以才会回流。此两类翻译都造成了企业或机构专职翻译技能不过关、译文水准欠佳的状况。
 
经验丰富的翻译员基本上作自由译者。自由译者面对的任务的行业跨度更大，获得的报酬也更高。但是总体而言，自由译者基本上都是面对翻译公司来承接业务。面对直接客户的自由译者往往会遇到诸多弊端，诸如有些企业结帐拖延，由于没有二次校对和译审把关，出现质量问题时还会导致客户拒绝付款，同时面对有译文排版难题的客户稿件时，自由译者多数由于不能掌握全面的软件工具，很难满足客户的最终文件格式需求。
 
翻译团队是介于自由译者和翻译公司之间的一种翻译服务组织形式。由于中国柜内很多翻译公司缺乏专业水准高的翻译项目经理，从而使他们不得不把项目管理(译员组织协调、进度控制、质量监控和专家译审)外包给翻译团队，从而形成一个专业协作的行业分工链。目前这个生态系统在国内处于萌芽状态，很多翻译团队不能全责控制质量和流程，只是起到一个组织译员和进度控制的作用。所以有实力的和形成一定规模的翻译公司，还是自己招聘项目经理进行管理，同时反过来也抑制了翻译团队这个分工链的发展。
 
翻译公司是一种最佳的市场营销、客户服务和翻译项目管理运作组织形式。所以这个行业在国外经历了从散兵游泳到组织化运营的发展历程，已经在迈向成熟。国内的翻译公司改革开放之初便逐渐在对外开放发展的环境成长。由于规模小、管理专业人才缺乏，导致目前国内的翻译公司作坊式的居多。形成一定规模和业务量的公司，在质量管理环节上还存在许多误区。比如没有译审环节来控制质量，为了降低成本使用缺乏经验的译员，甚至直接雇用在校学生，和国外的翻译行业对质量的观念有很大的落差。这种情况某种程度上也是由于国内翻译客户的认识偏差造成的。比如很多客户认为翻译任务是一个简单的文字对应工作，出价低于行业期望标准，谁的价格低就找谁。个别客户甚至认为翻译就是免费找个人帮忙的事情。水落船低，造成翻译公司对质量控制的两难困境。
 
近十年来，国际翻译企业的进驻中国给这个行业带来的先进的理念和品控标准。因为跨国翻译企业最初往往服务于跨国公司，这些客户需要把产品手册本地化；随着跨国公司来自世界各地，其员工的国际化程度不断加深，跨国公司的广泛的内部沟通需求日益成为不断发展。跨国公司对质量标准的认识不同于国内企业。所以跨国翻译公司基本都是采用国际翻译业标准进行品质监控的，保证了跨国企业的质量需求。同时跨国翻译公司的市场分额也随之不断扩大。
 
近两年来，随着中国企业的国际化步伐越来越大，同时金融和经济危机使中国制造的概念成为企业发展的羁绊。越来越多的中国企业，特别是实力强大的企业，开始着手从事设计、研发和市场营销等国际分工链条。他们对语言质量的需求不断增大，很多国内的翻译公司已经跟不上他们的脚步。越来越多的翻译业务也就进了跨国翻译公司在中国的分支机构的篮子里。
 
母语翻译是国际翻译界通行的标准。因为很多文化地理、人文习俗和语言思维方式的不同，造成中国人翻译外语作为译文目标语言存在太多的障碍。我们经常会看到国内大企业的外文网站，非常汉语化的译文充斥不说，甚至经过仔细检查，会发现很多细节错误。这在一定程度上解释了这些企业国际化的步伐慢的原因。国外客户阅读难以下咽的语言面包，从感性和理性上都会有反感，试问如何进行合作？
 
最近笔者浏览了前段时间经常在国内媒体曝光的&#8221;三一重工&#8221;的企业多语种网站，发现很多低级的外语错误。这不能不说是企业营销管理和国际化的一大败笔。如果中国企业不走出对语言的认识误区，企业的出口就会永远会停留在OEM订单的级别上；国际化的步伐也会被语言这个软肋所刺伤，千里之堤，溃于蚁穴。

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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>当今的翻译界可谓是百花齐放。尽管解放前和建国初期的知名翻译大家逐渐淡出了公众的视线，后来居上的是财经著作翻译、企业和机构的专职译员、独立自由译者、翻译团队和翻译公司。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>财经和其他社科翻译是比较独特的一类译员。他们往往是一些大机构、大企业的高级分析师，也有一些管理者。因为他们具有比较丰富的专业知识和行业经验，从而占据了书籍翻译的至高点。出版社的翻译任务也自然委派给了他们。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>企业或其他类型机构聘用的专职译员基本不是专业级的翻译。他们工作年限较短，并且多数不具备丰富的行业背景知识。这就造成他们翻译工作的效率不高。在工作时间内，很少全天工作时间都有翻译任务的情况。很多时间他们被上级主管要求熟悉行业、生产或产品知识，并且很多企业还不得不对其专职翻译进行培训，以提高他们的人力资源技能。但是多数专职译员在语言技能和专业知识提高到社会可接纳的水平之后，就会选择跳槽到更高待遇、更能发挥自己、而且也具有更大挑战性的企业或机构。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>遇到大项目翻译时，这些企业仍然不得不依赖外部的翻译专家或者外包给翻译团队或公司。当大量文字翻译项目被包给外部协作者的时候，这些企业内部专职翻译就演变成外包管理和协调员。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>经验丰富的译员很少愿意在一个企业担任专职翻译。专职翻译的来源有两类：一是语言基础比较好，工作经验少，需要在一家企业工作以便得到稳定的收入来源。二是作自由职业和其他专职工作后转到企业的翻译岗位上。他们的工作经验和行业知识虽然比较多，但是翻译经验少或者翻译水平有限，所以才会回流。此两类翻译都造成了企业或机构专职翻译技能不过关、译文水准欠佳的状况。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>经验丰富的翻译员基本上作自由译者。自由译者面对的任务的行业跨度更大，获得的报酬也更高。但是总体而言，自由译者基本上都是面对翻译公司来承接业务。面对直接客户的自由译者往往会遇到诸多弊端，诸如有些企业结帐拖延，由于没有二次校对和译审把关，出现质量问题时还会导致客户拒绝付款，同时面对有译文排版难题的客户稿件时，自由译者多数由于不能掌握全面的软件工具，很难满足客户的最终文件格式需求。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>翻译团队是介于自由译者和<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">翻译公司</a>之间的一种翻译服务组织形式。由于中国柜内很多翻译公司缺乏专业水准高的翻译项目经理，从而使他们不得不把项目管理(译员组织协调、进度控制、质量监控和专家译审)外包给翻译团队，从而形成一个专业协作的行业分工链。目前这个生态系统在国内处于萌芽状态，很多翻译团队不能全责控制质量和流程，只是起到一个组织译员和进度控制的作用。所以有实力的和形成一定规模的翻译公司，还是自己招聘项目经理进行管理，同时反过来也抑制了翻译团队这个分工链的发展。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>翻译公司是一种最佳的市场营销、客户服务和翻译项目管理运作组织形式。所以这个行业在国外经历了从散兵游泳到组织化运营的发展历程，已经在迈向成熟。国内的翻译公司改革开放之初便逐渐在对外开放发展的环境成长。由于规模小、管理专业人才缺乏，导致目前国内的翻译公司作坊式的居多。形成一定规模和业务量的公司，在质量管理环节上还存在许多误区。比如没有译审环节来控制质量，为了降低成本使用缺乏经验的译员，甚至直接雇用在校学生，和国外的翻译行业对质量的观念有很大的落差。这种情况某种程度上也是由于国内翻译客户的认识偏差造成的。比如很多客户认为翻译任务是一个简单的文字对应工作，出价低于行业期望标准，谁的价格低就找谁。个别客户甚至认为翻译就是免费找个人帮忙的事情。水落船低，造成翻译公司对质量控制的两难困境。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>近十年来，国际翻译企业的进驻中国给这个行业带来的先进的理念和品控标准。因为<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">跨国翻译企业</a>最初往往服务于跨国公司，这些客户需要把产品手册本地化；随着跨国公司来自世界各地，其员工的国际化程度不断加深，跨国公司的广泛的内部沟通需求日益成为不断发展。跨国公司对质量标准的认识不同于国内企业。所以跨国翻译公司基本都是采用国际翻译业标准进行品质监控的，保证了跨国企业的质量需求。同时跨国翻译公司的市场分额也随之不断扩大。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>近两年来，随着<a href="http://www.transhorsa.org/website_globalization.php">中国企业的国际化</a>步伐越来越大，同时金融和经济危机使中国制造的概念成为企业发展的羁绊。越来越多的中国企业，特别是实力强大的企业，开始着手从事设计、研发和市场营销等国际分工链条。他们对语言质量的需求不断增大，很多国内的翻译公司已经跟不上他们的脚步。越来越多的翻译业务也就进了跨国翻译公司在中国的分支机构的篮子里。</p>
<p> </p>
<p><a href="http://www.transhorsa.org">母语翻译</a>是国际翻译界通行的标准。因为很多文化地理、人文习俗和语言思维方式的不同，造成中国人翻译外语作为译文目标语言存在太多的障碍。我们经常会看到国内大企业的外文网站，非常汉语化的译文充斥不说，甚至经过仔细检查，会发现很多细节错误。这在一定程度上解释了这些企业国际化的步伐慢的原因。国外客户阅读难以下咽的语言面包，从感性和理性上都会有反感，试问如何进行合作？</p>
<p> </p>
<p>最近笔者浏览了前段时间经常在国内媒体曝光的&#8221;三一重工&#8221;的企业多语种网站，发现很多低级的外语错误。这不能不说是企业营销管理和国际化的一大败笔。如果中国企业不走出对语言的认识误区，企业的出口就会永远会停留在OEM订单的级别上；国际化的步伐也会被语言这个软肋所刺伤，千里之堤，溃于蚁穴。</p>
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		<title>翻译公司需要翻译吗?</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 03:12:38 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[翻译公司，专职译员，翻译质量，翻译流程]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=513</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[作者：赵杰
业内一提到不规范的翻译公司，往往会说某某翻译公司一个专职翻译都没有如何如何。目前大多数翻译公司不但宣称自己有多少专职翻译，而且宣称有成群的博士、硕士、专家、教授、海归翻译。前两年在讨论翻译准入时，有人甚至提议要把有多少名专职翻译作为入准标准。（本人不看好准入，详见我 2004 年写的《翻译市场准入之我见》）
似乎大家有这样一个假定：没有专职翻译人员 = 没有质量保证
真的是这样吗?
2005 年前后，本人几乎走遍了欧洲各国及美加的数十个城市，访问了几十家大中型翻译公司。这些欧美的翻译公司大多数一个翻译都没有！个别公司有语言方面的专家，但都不做翻译，而是做质量控制、词汇确定等翻译管理工作。这些公司主要由两种人组成，一种是客户经理，了解客户需求，提供客户服务；另一种就是项目经理，实际进行项目运作。具体的翻译则由遍布全球的自由翻译完成。
这种情况的出现是因为国际翻译行业有个惯例，一般要求翻译将外语翻译成母语，不建议将母语翻译成外语。在这这种背景下，以美国的翻译公司为例，如果该公司翻译 30 种语言，则很难各个语种雇几个翻译的。不是招不到，而是养不起。
其实说来说去无非是要保证质量。保证翻译质量无外乎两个方面：合格的翻译 + 适当的运作流程：
合格的翻译：
不管是专职翻译还是自由翻译，翻译公司需要的无非是合格的翻译。专职翻译和自由翻译并没有本质的区别。
欧美翻译公司一般有一套招募流程，涉及信息收集、资质验证、流程培训、质量监控等环节。
人员招募似乎不难，发招聘启事就行。但资质验证就不简单了。翻译领域众多，没有哪个翻译能全部胜任。如何在成千上万的翻译里找到你需要的翻译，恐怕像大海捞针。某个已经关闭的翻译工厂曾号称有数万名翻译在其数据库中，但没有经过资质验证，实际没有任何价值。
找到符合资质的翻译后，还得进行培训，从流程、工具到语言风格，需要培训的内容不是简单一两句话能说清的。
国内有多如牛毛的翻译公司，悲哀在于这些公司大多就收集翻译人员信息，其它工作一概没做。一说资质就声称自己有多少博士、教授翻译。拿到一个订单后就找个大概合适的翻译做，做完后就直接发给客户了。没有真正使翻译的整个过程进行“增值”，只是做了个倒手买卖。因此也难怪国内的自由翻译总觉得公司是多余的，客户直接找他不就行了。这其实是个误解。
1998 年博芬起步时是软件公司，承接软件本地化项目后想将翻译外包给翻译公司。找了当时比较知名的深圳图书馆翻译公司，发了一篇网络方面的测试稿。拿回来时发现译者把 switch 全部翻译成开关。地球人都知道在网络里 switch 是交换机。当对方问译稿如何时，我们说没通过，于是就举 switch 的例子。对方振振有词地说他们肯定没错，翻译是计算机研究生毕业的！我实在有点哭笑不得，这就是他们判断质量的标准。
从此之后我们就无法相信翻译公司了。博芬也就变成了既不是翻译公司，也不是软件公司的所谓本地化公司。
运作流程：
有了合格的翻译，不等于项目就有质量保证。要保证实际项目质量还得有流程上的控制。我说的是真正的流程控制，不是说说而已的流程。
很多翻译公司都说自己有流程，一翻、二审、三校、四改、五&#8230;. 然后报价却低于正常水平，你相信这个流程吗?
还有一些公司，好像觉得流程越复杂越好，搞出个十几二十道流程。其实流程越复杂，就越容易出错。我接触过一些翻译公司，其实都没有严格执行其所宣称的流程，而是信口开河地乱吹，而且吹牛前不打草稿，最后不能自圆其说。
此处无意讨论流程细节，只是想说明流程是质量保证的关键因素之一。
结论：质量的保证和有没有专职翻译并没有必然的联系，只要有完整的资源管理和项目运作流程，保证质量并满足客户需要，就能成为优秀的翻译公司。

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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>作者：赵杰</p>
<p>业内一提到不规范的翻译公司，往往会说某某翻译公司一个专职翻译都没有如何如何。目前大多数翻译公司不但宣称自己有多少专职翻译，而且宣称有成群的博士、硕士、专家、教授、海归翻译。前两年在讨论翻译准入时，有人甚至提议要把有多少名专职翻译作为入准标准。（本人不看好准入，详见我 2004 年写的《翻译市场准入之我见》）</p>
<p>似乎大家有这样一个假定：没有专职翻译人员 = 没有质量保证</p>
<p>真的是这样吗?</p>
<p>2005 年前后，本人几乎走遍了欧洲各国及美加的数十个城市，访问了几十家大中型翻译公司。这些欧美的翻译公司大多数一个翻译都没有！个别公司有语言方面的专家，但都不做翻译，而是做质量控制、词汇确定等翻译管理工作。这些公司主要由两种人组成，一种是客户经理，了解客户需求，提供客户服务；另一种就是项目经理，实际进行项目运作。具体的翻译则由遍布全球的自由翻译完成。</p>
<p>这种情况的出现是因为国际翻译行业有个惯例，一般要求翻译将外语翻译成母语，不建议将母语翻译成外语。在这这种背景下，以美国的翻译公司为例，如果该公司翻译 30 种语言，则很难各个语种雇几个翻译的。不是招不到，而是养不起。</p>
<p>其实说来说去无非是要保证质量。保证翻译质量无外乎两个方面：合格的翻译 + 适当的运作流程：</p>
<p>合格的翻译：</p>
<p>不管是专职翻译还是自由翻译，翻译公司需要的无非是合格的翻译。专职翻译和自由翻译并没有本质的区别。</p>
<p>欧美翻译公司一般有一套招募流程，涉及信息收集、资质验证、流程培训、质量监控等环节。</p>
<p>人员招募似乎不难，发招聘启事就行。但资质验证就不简单了。翻译领域众多，没有哪个翻译能全部胜任。如何在成千上万的翻译里找到你需要的翻译，恐怕像大海捞针。某个已经关闭的翻译工厂曾号称有数万名翻译在其数据库中，但没有经过资质验证，实际没有任何价值。</p>
<p>找到符合资质的翻译后，还得进行培训，从流程、工具到语言风格，需要培训的内容不是简单一两句话能说清的。</p>
<p>国内有多如牛毛的翻译公司，悲哀在于这些公司大多就收集翻译人员信息，其它工作一概没做。一说资质就声称自己有多少博士、教授翻译。拿到一个订单后就找个大概合适的翻译做，做完后就直接发给客户了。没有真正使翻译的整个过程进行“增值”，只是做了个倒手买卖。因此也难怪国内的自由翻译总觉得公司是多余的，客户直接找他不就行了。这其实是个误解。</p>
<p>1998 年博芬起步时是软件公司，承接软件本地化项目后想将翻译外包给翻译公司。找了当时比较知名的深圳图书馆翻译公司，发了一篇网络方面的测试稿。拿回来时发现译者把 switch 全部翻译成开关。地球人都知道在网络里 switch 是交换机。当对方问译稿如何时，我们说没通过，于是就举 switch 的例子。对方振振有词地说他们肯定没错，翻译是计算机研究生毕业的！我实在有点哭笑不得，这就是他们判断质量的标准。</p>
<p>从此之后我们就无法相信翻译公司了。博芬也就变成了既不是翻译公司，也不是软件公司的所谓本地化公司。</p>
<p>运作流程：</p>
<p>有了合格的翻译，不等于项目就有质量保证。要保证实际项目质量还得有流程上的控制。我说的是真正的流程控制，不是说说而已的流程。</p>
<p>很多翻译公司都说自己有流程，一翻、二审、三校、四改、五&#8230;. 然后报价却低于正常水平，你相信这个流程吗?</p>
<p>还有一些公司，好像觉得流程越复杂越好，搞出个十几二十道流程。其实流程越复杂，就越容易出错。我接触过一些翻译公司，其实都没有严格执行其所宣称的流程，而是信口开河地乱吹，而且吹牛前不打草稿，最后不能自圆其说。</p>
<p>此处无意讨论流程细节，只是想说明流程是质量保证的关键因素之一。</p>
<p>结论：质量的保证和有没有专职翻译并没有必然的联系，只要有完整的资源管理和项目运作流程，保证质量并满足客户需要，就能成为优秀的翻译公司。</p>
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			<wfw:commentRss>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?feed=rss2&amp;p=513</wfw:commentRss>
		<feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=513</feedburner:origLink></item><item>
		<title>Freelance Translators Enter the Blogosphere</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/6vV2A9iU4Nw/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=516#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 04:27:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[blogging on translation]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[translation blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=516</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Blogs are one of the latest tools that translators use to communicate their ideas to other translators or to the general public. This article explains the advantages of translation blogs and puts forward some suggestions to maintain a translation blog.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Author 何羿</em></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">There are close to 50 million weblogs or blogs at least Blogs provide an online discussion forum for issues of current interest and are updated regularly with new short articles on which readers can comment. Originally an online writing tool helps its users keep track of their own online records, the blog quickly turned into a key part of online culture. The method provides an easy way for an average person to publish material of any topic he or she wishes to discuss on Webages. With a popular issue, a blog can attract tremendous attention and exert great influence on target group concerned. The translation world has experienced significant influence by the blogosphere. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Many are focused on single issues, such as politics, religion or scientific topics. Translation blogs are those which mainly focus on disseminating or commenting upon translation matters, such as case study, industry news discussion and development trend. Many translation bloggers are professionals in the industry, and a number of them are working for translation companies.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems there are several reasons why people are blogging on translation. The essential one is the obvious purpose for business promotion. In comparison with the usual method of translation business promotion (e.g. magazines, seminars and newspapers), a blog is more intimate and responsive. It shows the deep knowledge and experience bloggers have to the target group they want to communicate and can draw interests from their potential clients. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Another reason is that blogs contribute to the enhancement of interactivity among blog users. The interactivity among blog users is achieved by reading other blogs, acquire resources, and express their thoughts by posting comments to entries. Blog comments are viewed as essential to the interactive features of blogs. The key feature of blogs is that interest group can be informed to each other. Blogs have other press functions including video clip insert and playing, photos, transform into desired outputs (e.g., embedded into a blog entry section), and send these outputs back to external environments. Each post may be commented upon by the readership, and the discussions can range from a few humorous one-liners to complex and well-written rebuttals or contributions, and everything in between. Thus, translators can change ideas with numerous readers freely. In addition, for translation companies, blog is a new way to propagandize itself and reach potential customers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">However, it takes much efforts to start and maintain an active translation weblog, which not only needs a host to update the content regularly, but also requires blog readers to visit and interact with frequently. Many blog sites have been abandoned soon after their creation for lack of new entries. For a translation company, how to attract blog readers is an even harder task: indeed. Summing up our experience as a translation blogger, we put forward the following suggestions.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">As to the content, an expert opinion, a wide range of topics and a distinct personality are qualities that readers seem to value in a translation blog. Translators with a deep knowledge of translation theories can place his/her recent studies in the context; experienced translators can share his/her thoughts or describe interesting or important things happened during translation work. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">We prefer to group the information into different sections.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-size: small;">1.</span><span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">    </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Title</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">A <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>surprising but practical title is needed to attracting people involved into find details of your article.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-size: small;">2.</span><span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">    </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Tell the reader what the post is going to be about. This paragraph should be designed to catch the reader’s attention. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">2, Body</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Use one main idea/theme per paragraph. Use examples, facts, opinions, statistics, quotations, ect., to support your idea.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-size: small;">3.</span><span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">    </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Keyword</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">You should contain enough keywords spreading around your article context for listing ahead by search engine most relevant people use.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">3, Conclusion</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">Write a surprising, interesting or thought-provoking conclusion if possible.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;">In all, blogging remains an individualistic, sometimes anarchistic and convention-breaking form of communication, especially in translation field. </span></span></p>
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		<title>中訳・和訳の品質チェック</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/veRCT7ehLH8/</link>
		<comments>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=528#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2009 04:41:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Case Study]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Theory Study]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[中国語から日本語、日本語から中国語、マルチランゲージの翻訳アウトソーシング　]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=528</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[著者 Lona
中国語から日本語、或いは日本語から中国語への翻訳、その品質はどのように見分けたらよいのでしょうか？
１．句読点
いちばん簡単に見分けられるのは句読点です。下記比較表を参考して、訳文の句読点が正しいかどうかチェックできます。



 
日本語
中国語


読点
、
，


中黒（なかぐろ）
･
、　或いは　/


カギカッコ
「　」
&#8220;　&#8221; 或いは　（　）


二重カギカッコ
『　』
&#8220;　&#8221;　 或いは《　》


波ダッシュ　～
～
~


リーダー
&#8230;
&#8230;&#8230;


注釈
※
*


その他
使用せず
？　！　；　：



 
2.さらさら日本語とコッテリ中国語
中国語の特徴はコッテリと盛り込む、四文字で揃えるなどの特徴がある。単語ベースでみれば、日本語より文字数が増えるのも当然。



春を愛する人は　心清き人
心地纯洁的人


夏を愛する人は　心強き人
意志坚强的人


秋を愛する人は　心深き人
感情深重的人


冬を愛する人は　心広き人
胸怀宽广的人



その一方、中国語から日本語への訳は漢字の文字数も当然減ります。漢字だけ比べて訳の良し悪しは決められません。

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]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: left;">著者 Lona</p>
<p>中国語から日本語、或いは日本語から中国語への翻訳、その品質はどのように見分けたらよいのでしょうか？</p>
<p><strong>１．句読点</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p>いちばん簡単に見分けられるのは句読点です。下記比較表を参考して、訳文の句読点が正しいかどうかチェックできます。</p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"> </td>
<td width="91" valign="top">日本語</td>
<td width="195" valign="top">中国語</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>読点</strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>、</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>，</strong><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>中黒（なかぐろ）</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>･</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>、</strong><strong>　</strong>或いは<strong>　</strong><strong>/</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>カギカッコ</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>「　」</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>&#8220;　&#8221;</strong><strong> </strong>或いは<strong>　（　）</strong><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>二重カギカッコ</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>『　』</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>&#8220;　&#8221;　</strong><strong> </strong>或いは<strong>《</strong><strong>　</strong><strong>》</strong><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>波ダッシュ　～</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>～</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>~</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>リーダー</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>&#8230;</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>&#8230;&#8230;</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>注釈</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top"><strong>※</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>*</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="193" valign="top"><strong>その他</strong><strong></strong></td>
<td width="91" valign="top">使用せず</td>
<td width="195" valign="top"><strong>？　！　；　：</strong><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>2.</strong><strong>さらさら日本語とコッテリ中国語</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p>中国語の特徴はコッテリと盛り込む、四文字で揃えるなどの特徴がある。単語ベースでみれば、日本語より文字数が増えるのも当然。</p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="281" valign="top">春を愛する人は　<strong>心清き</strong>人</td>
<td width="227" valign="top"><strong>心地</strong><strong>纯洁</strong>的人<strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="281" valign="top">夏を愛する人は　<strong>心強き</strong>人</td>
<td width="227" valign="top"><strong>意志</strong><strong>坚强</strong>的人<strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="281" valign="top">秋を愛する人は　<strong>心深き</strong>人</td>
<td width="227" valign="top"><strong>感情深重</strong>的人<strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="281" valign="top">冬を愛する人は　<strong>心広き</strong>人</td>
<td width="227" valign="top"><strong>胸</strong><strong>怀宽</strong><strong>广</strong>的人<strong></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>その一方、中国語から日本語への訳は漢字の文字数も当然減ります。漢字だけ比べて訳の良し悪しは決められません。</p>
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		<feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/?p=528</feedburner:origLink></item><lastBuildDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2009 20:22:42 PDT</lastBuildDate><item><title>Efficient Ways to Get Best Services from a Qualified Translation Company [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/wE_7zXY5E74/</link><category>translation quality company language</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 19 Mar 2009 00:39:30 PDT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2009/03/efficient-ways-to-get-best-services-from-a-qualified-translation-company/</guid><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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    </taxo:topics><description>&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/wE_7zXY5E74" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2009/03/efficient-ways-to-get-best-services-from-a-qualified-translation-company/</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>For a Sustainable Development of Translation Companies [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/oBN6GAyNw58/</link><category>Professional Multilingual Translation service</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2009 17:47:53 PST</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2009/01/for-a-sustainable-development-of-translation-companies/</guid><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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    </taxo:topics><description>&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/oBN6GAyNw58" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2009/01/for-a-sustainable-development-of-translation-companies/</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>What Qualities Are Required To Be A Professional Translator [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/zdpGhG1QQlw/</link><category>professional london shanghai singapore high quality multilingual translation company</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2009 22:49:11 PST</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/what-qualities-are-required-to-be-a-professional-translator-2/</guid><description>Providing the clients with high-quality professional translation services is not an easy job. A qualified translator to provide their clients with professional translation services must meet the following three requirements: an expertise in source and target languages, some basic knowledge of the specific branch of science your translation concentrates upon, and a lot of discipline in carrying out your translation practice.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/zdpGhG1QQlw" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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    </taxo:topics><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/what-qualities-are-required-to-be-a-professional-translator-2/</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>A Bird View of China's Translation Business [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/pup-RSgnU0A/</link><category>Chinese business english translation service services</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2009 22:47:19 PST</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/a-bird-view-of-china%e2%80%99s-translation-business/</guid><description>This paper makes a brief introduction of the translation business in China from several perspectives: its potential market and problems.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/pup-RSgnU0A" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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    </taxo:topics><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/a-bird-view-of-china%e2%80%99s-translation-business/</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>Difficulties in Multilanguage Translation and Solution [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/O0eAdzL85OA/</link><category>high quality multilingual translation service services</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2009 22:45:09 PST</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/difficulties-in-multilanguage-translation-and-solution/</guid><description>In the article the author proposes a third way, i.e. indirect way, for multilingual translation with English language serving as a bridge between Chinese and the target language.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/O0eAdzL85OA" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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    </taxo:topics><feedburner:origLink>http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/difficulties-in-multilanguage-translation-and-solution/</feedburner:origLink></item><item><title>multilingual translation-a pack of assorted beans [del.icio.us]</title><link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~3/rklFYVJtD3k/</link><category>Chinese multilingual translation service services</category><dc:creator>transhorsa</dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2009 22:43:03 PST</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.transhorsa.org/wordpress/2008/12/multilingual-translation-a-pack-of-assorted-beans/</guid><description>What’s the relationship between a pack of assorted beans and multilingual translation? We are supply well-meaning services in the public and creating private companies, constructing thickets of bamboozling artifice and stifling offers to serve the people.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TranshorsasBlog-yourTranslationBusinessPartner/~4/rklFYVJtD3k" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description><taxo:topics xmlns:taxo="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/">
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