The Professionals Blog

The Apprentices Act and Provident Fund

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Mon, 04 May 2009 06:01:00 +0000

The Apprentices Act and Provident Fund
Apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a skill. Apprentices (or in early modern usage "prentices") build their careers from apprenticeships. Most of their training is done on the job while working for an employer who helps (along with financial aid from government) the apprentices learn their trade, in exchange for their continuing labour for an agreed period after they become skilled. Theoretical education may also be involved, informally via the workplace and/or by attending vocational schools while still being paid by the employer.
Apprentices under Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 are not employees under the Employees’ Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.

Apprentices Act 1961
The Employees Provident Funds And Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952

Laughter is the best medicine

God's Time And Money
A preacher went into his church and he was praying to God. While he was praying, he asked God, "How long is 10 million years to you?" God replied, "1 second." The next day the preacher asked God, "God, how much is 10 million dollars to you?" And God replied, "A penny." Then finally the next day the preacher asked God, "God, can I have one of your pennies?" And God replied, "Just wait a sec."

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Prepare a Skills Matrix Human Resources

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Thu, 30 Apr 2009 07:30:00 +0000

Prepare a Skills Matrix Human Resources Part 1
Developing a Skills Matrix is not a difficult task. It is definitely a highly effective tools for determinging the training needs of an organization. This is easily reviewed and updated. All the team members skills are presented in a Matrix (Chart).

Features of the Skill Matrix are given below.

Review the skills and competences required for roles within the team
Assess training needs
Identify gaps in skills within the team
Build commitment to the development of new skills

A Skills Matrix is a table that clearly shows the skills held by individuals in a team, and the skills gaps within a team. Key steps in preparing a Skills Matrix and to get the most out of your Skills Matrix you will need to

Identify the job roles in your team
Review and code standards of performance
Assess the requirement for on-the-job training.

1. Identifying job roles
List your team members in the left-hand column of the blank proforma. Identify up to 8 key tasks or roles that your team must fulfil to be effective and achieve its goals. It may help to
use the following tips:

Ask yourself and your team “What are the main things that individuals in the team have to be able to do?”
Refer to Job Descriptions for the team.
Use National Vocational Qualification standards (NVQs) to help compile your list. The standards are a helpfulstarting point, which list the key skills required to operate in a wide range of business areas.
Consider new tasks and skills that may be required of your team in the near future.
If it becomes too complicated, break the job roles down into some key areas, and create a Skills Matrix for each.

2. Coding and standards of performance
Use a coding system to show who has the skills required, and who requires training. There are a number of ways of presenting this on the matrix. The most simple is to place a cross in the relevant box for those who can complete the task, and leave a blank against those who cannot.
Alternatively you could use a colour coding system where:
Red = No skills in this area
Amber = Partly trained in this area
Green = Fully trained in this area.

3. Assess the requirement for on-the-job training
You are now in a position to see what requirements you have for new skills to achieve your team objectives.
You can update training as it is completed by each individual and keep track of progress. The maximum number of people required to be able to complete a skill may vary, and will affect your requirement for on-the-job training.

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A young executive was leaving the office late one evening when he found the CEO standing in front of a shredder with a piece of paper in his hand.

"Listen," said the CEO, "this is a very sensitive and important document here, and my secretary has gone for the night. Can you make this thing work?"

"Certainly," said the young executive. He turned the machine on, inserted the paper, and pressed the start button.

"Excellent, excellent!" said the CEO as his paper disappeared inside the machine. "I just need one copy."

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THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT 2000 and AMENDMENT

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 13:57:00 +0000

THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT 2000 and AMENDMENT
The following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on the 9th June, 2000, and is hereby published for general information:— THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT, 2000 (No. 21 OF 2000) [9th June, 2000] An Act to provide legal recognition for transactions carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as "electronic commerce", which involve the use of alternatives to paper-based methods of communication and storage of information, to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the Government agencies and further to amend the Indian Penal Code, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, the Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891 and the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT 2000 AMENDMENT
THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT 2000

Further Reading
Ministry of Communication and Information Technology Government of India
Indian ICT Policies and Strategies for digital Preservation

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LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE

A man was crossing a road one day when a frog called out to him and said, "If you kiss me, I'll turn into a beautiful princess." He bent over, picked up the frog, and put it in his pocket.

The frog spoke up again and said, "If you kiss me and turn me back into a beautiful princess, I will tell everyone how smart and brave you are and how you are my hero." The man took the frog out of his pocket, smiled at it, and returned it to his pocket.

The frog spoke up again and said, "If you kiss me and turn me back into a beautiful princess, I will be your loving companion for an entire week." The man took the frog out of his pocket, smiled at it, and returned it to his pocket.

The frog then cried out, "If you kiss me and turn me back into a princess, I'll stay with you for a year and do ANYTHING you want." Again the man took the frog out, smiled at it, and put it back into his pocket.

Finally, the frog asked, "What is the matter? I've told you I'm a beautiful princess, that I'll stay with you for a year and do anything you want. Why won't you kiss me?"

The man said, "Look, I'm a computer programmer. I don't have time for a girlfriend, but a talking frog is cool."

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Public Grievances Government of India

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 10:47:00 +0000

Public Grievances Government of India
Welcome to Online Public Grievance Lodging and Monitoring System

The Department of Administrative Reforms And Public Grievances is the nodal agency to formulate policy guidelines for citizen-centric governance in the country. Redress of citizens' grievances , being one of the most important initiatives of the department, DAR&PG formulates public grievance redress mechanisms for effective and timely redress / settlement of citizens' grievances.

The DAR&PG has been making endeavors to bring excellence in public service delivery and to redress grievances of citizens in a meaningful manner by effectively coordinating with different Ministries and Departments of the Government and trying to eliminate the causes of grievances.

This is a Government of India Portal aimed at providing the citizens with a platform for redress of their grievances. If you have any grievance against any Government organization in the country, you may lodge your grievance here which will go to the Ministry/Department/State Government concerned for immediate redress.

Many of us say that these things don’t work in India . Couple ofmonths back, the Faridabad Municipal Corporation laid new roads in hisarea and the residents were very happy about it. But 2 weeks later,BSNL dug up the newly laid roads to install new cables which annoyed all the residents. A resident used the above listed grievance forum to highlight his concern. To his surprise, BSNL and Municipal Corporation of Faridabad were served a show cause notice and the guy received a copy of the notice in one week. Government has asked the MC and BSNL about the goof up as it’s clear that both the government departments were not in sync at all.
So use this grievance forum and educate others who don’t know about this facility. This way we can at least raise our concerns instead of just talking about the ‘System’ in India.

Online Public Grievance Lodging and Monitoring System

Invite your friends to contribute for many such happenings.

How to Claim LTA

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 06:39:00 +0000

How to Claim LTA
LTA is a monetary benefit that you get on the expenses you incur when you travel. It is not a fringe benefit. And you can claim a leave travel concession (LTC) on the amount. You can claim LTC provided you fulfil two criteria: apply for leave and actually travel during the leave period. However, the travel is applicable anywhere in India and not abroad. You can receive LTA as either a reimbursement or as an allowance. In case you receive LTA as reimbursement, it is not taxable. LTA can be claimed only for the amount that you are eligible for example say in a year, you receive Rs 12,000 as LTA, but spend Rs 75,000 on travel. You can claim exemption only for Rs 12,000. In case you fail to avail of your LTA, there is a carryover option. Suppose in the block of four years, you never claimed any LTA, you can do so in the calendar year immediately following that block. In such cases, the exemption so availed of will not be counted for purposes of regulating the future exemptions allowable for the succeeding block of four years. If both spouses get LTA benefits, they can claim exemption on LTA from their employers and the benefit for four journeys in one block. They do not have to take the precaution of not traveling twice during the same year. Moreover, they can take the same family members or different ones as long as they stick to the definition of the members for this purpose. However, you and your wife cannot claim LTA twice for the same journey. If both of you take a holiday together and you claim LTA, she cannot.

Further Reading

LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE

Smartest Men In The World

A doctor, a lawyer, a little boy and a priest were out for a Sunday afternoon flight on a small private plane. Suddenly, the plane developed engine trouble. In spite of the best efforts of the pilot, the plane started to go down. Finally, the pilot grabbed a parachute, yelled to the passengers that they had better jump, and then he bailed out.

Unfortunately, there were only three parachutes remaining. The doctor grabbed one and said "I'm a doctor, I save lives, so I must live," and jumped out.

The lawyer then said, "I'm a lawyer and lawyers are the smartest people in the world. I deserve to live." He also grabbed a parachute and jumped.

The priest looked at the little boy and said, "My son, I've lived a long and full life. You are young and have your whole life ahead of you. Take the last parachute and live in peace."

The little boy handed the parachute back to the priest and said, "Not to worry, Father. One of the "smartest men in the world" just went skydiving with my back pack."

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No Proof to Claim LTA

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 05:50:00 +0000

No Proof to Claim LTA
Employers, while assessing the conveyance and leave & travel allowance (LTA) claims of their staff, are under no statutory obligation to collect supporting evidence and furnish them to tax authorities, the Supreme Court has said.
A bench comprising Justice SH Kapadia and Justice Aftab Alam said that assessee employers are under no statutory obligation to collect bills and details to prove that the employees had utilized the amounts obtained against these claims on travel and related expenses.
According to prevailing rules, if claims on LTA and conveyance are not supported by journey bills, they would be taxed. For instance, on an LTA allowance of Rs 1 lakh, if documentary proof such as air tickets, taxi vouchers and other public transport bills are submitted only for Rs 50,000, then tax is applicable on the rest of the amount.
Regardless of the amount an executive is entitled to as LTA, tax laws allow air tickets
only in the domestic sector for the claim.
The apex court order came in a plea by companies including Larsen & Toubro and ITI. In its defence, the revenue department had argued that assessee companies were under statutory obligation under Income Tax Act, 1961, and relevant rules, to collect documentary proof to show that their employee(s) had actually utilised the amount paid towards the leave travel concession and conveyance allowance.
Source: Times of India

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO.993 OF 2005
COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX & ANR. ...APPELLANT (S)
VERSUS
M/S LARSEN & TOUBRO LTD. ...RESPONDENT(S)
WITH
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 992 OF 2005
O R D E R

A short question which arises for determination in these Civil Appeal(s) is –whether the assessee(s) was under statutory obligation under Income Tax Act, 1961, and/or the Rules to collect evidence to show that its employee(s) had actually utilized the amount(s) paid towards Leave Travel Concession(s)/Conveyance Allowance? It may be noted that the beneficiary of exemption under Section 10(5) is an individual employee. There is no circular of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) requiring the employer under Section 192 to collect and examine the supporting evidence to the Declaration to be submitted by an employee(s). For the above reasons there is no merit in the Civil Appeals and the same are dismissed with no order as to costs.

Important Links

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LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE

Three engineers and three accountants are traveling by train to a conference. At the station, the three accountants each buy tickets and watch as the three engineers buy only a single ticket.

"How are three people going to travel on only one ticket?" asks an accountant.

"Watch and you'll see," answers an engineer.

They all board the train. The accountants take their respective seats but all three engineers cram into a restroom and close the door behind them. Shortly after the train has departed, the conductor comes around collecting tickets. He knocks on the restroom door and says, "Ticket, please."

The door opens just a crack and a single arm emerges with a ticket in hand. The conductor takes it and moves on.

The accountants saw this and agreed it was quite a clever idea. So after the conference, the accountants decide to copy the engineers on the return trip and save some money (being clever with money, and all that). When they get to the station, they buy a single ticket for the return trip. To their astonishment, the engineers don't buy a ticket at all.

"How are you going to travel without a ticket?" says one perplexed accountant.

"Watch and you'll see," answers an engineer.

When they board the train the three accountants cram into a restroom and the three engineers cram into another one nearby. The train departs. Shortly afterward, one of the engineers leaves his restroom and walks over to the restroom where the accountants are hiding. He knocks on the door and says, Ticket, please."

THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 02:51:00 +0000

THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961
The Central Government passed the Maternity Benefit Act in 1961 which extends to the whole of India and to every establishment being a factory, mine or plantation including any such establishment belonging to Government and to every establishment wherein persons are employed for the exhibition of equestrian, acrobatic and other performances; to every shop or establishment within the meaning of any law for the time being in force in relation to shops and establishments in a State, in which ten or more persons are employed, or were employed, on any day of the preceding twelve months:

Employment of or work by, women prohibited during certain periods.-(1) No employer shall knowingly employ a woman in any establishment during the six weeks immediately following the day of her delivery, [12] [miscarriage or medical termination of pregnancy]. (2) No women shall work in any establishment during the six weeks immediately following the day of her delivery [13] [miscarriage or medical termination or pregnancy]. (3) Without prejudice to the provisions of Section 6, no pregnant women shall, on a request being made by her in this behalf, be required by her employer to do during the period specified in sub-section (4) any work which is of an arduous nature or which involves long hours of standing, or which in any way is likely to interfere with her pregnancy or the normal development of the foetus, or is likely to cause her miscarriage or otherwise to adversely affect her health. (4) The period referred to in sub-section (3) shall be- (a) the period of one months immediately preceding the period of six weeks, before the date of her expected delivery; (b) any period during the said period of six weeks for which the pregnant woman does not avail of leave of absence under Section 6.

Further reading:

Other important websites:

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LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE

Baby names

A pregnant woman was involved in a car accident and, while in the hospital, she fell into a coma. When she awoke days later, the woman noticed that she was no longer carrying a child, and asked, 'Doctor, what happened to my baby!' The doctor replied, 'Ma'am, you've had twins! You're the proud mother of a handsome baby boy and a beautiful baby girl. Also, you should know that while you were in a coma, your brother named the children for you.' 'Oh, no!' shrieked the woman. 'Not my brother! He's not really all together, if you know what I mean!' The doctor replied, 'Well, ma'am, your brother named your daughter Denise.' 'Oh, that's no so bad,' smiled the woman. Then, hesitantly, she asked, 'What's the boy's name?' The doctor grinned and said, 'Denephew.

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Public Provident Fund Introduction

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Mon, 27 Apr 2009 17:41:00 +0000

Public Provident Fund Introduction
A PPF account is opened for an initial period of 15 years. Anyone can open a PPF account, either on his/her own behalf or on behalf of a minor. PPF is a Government scheme – it is backed by the Government of India. Being part of a General Provident Fund or Employees’ Provident Fund scheme does not disqualify you from subscribing to the PPF, but at no point are you allowed to have two PPF accounts in your own name at the same time. Doing so will invite a penalty: if the issuing authority (bank or post office) detects two accounts during the tenure of the scheme, you will get only your principal back. Also, two adults cannot open a joint PPF account -- an account has to be opened singly, but can have one or more nominations. The account can be opened in the Head Post Office or in the branches of SBI or its subsidiaries or in the Nationalised Banks. The account can be transferred at the request of the subscriber from one Post office to another, including Bank to Post Office and vice-versa.

As The PPF is a government-backed scheme, you can be sure the government will not default. This is the highest security an investment can have and, therefore, the safest.
Under Section 88, PPF contributions (along with your subscriptions to other schemes that qualify for Section 88 benefits), are eligible for a 20% tax rebate. The maximum you can invest in PPF to avail of the rebate is Rs 70,000 per annum.
No tax on interest earned. The interest earned is totally exempt from tax under Section 10 (11) of the Income Tax Act.
The 8% per annum that you get will not be taxed.
Exempt from all wealth tax. All the balance that accumulates over time is exempt from wealth tax.

Some useful links

Important Articles:

PPF Planning by A. N. Shanbhag
PPF investment benefits unavailable to HUF
Retirement Planning
Dont ignore the old warhorse -- PPF By Sandeep Shanbag

Download the PPF Calculator

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A couple was having a discussion about their finances. Finally the husband exploded, "If it weren't for my money, the house wouldn't be here!"

The wife replied, "My dear, if it weren't for your money, I wouldn't be here."

Employees Provident Fund Online

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Mon, 27 Apr 2009 15:29:00 +0000

Employees Provident Fund Online
EPF is Employees Provident Fund. Both the Employee and the Employer contribute to this fund. The Central Board of Trustees of the EPF organization maintains the EPF. Established in 1952 consequent to the enactment of the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 .The Organization is administered by a Central Board of Trustees, comprising of representatives of the Government of India, provincial governments, employers and employees. The Board is chaired by the Union Labour Minister of India. The Chief Executive of the EPFO, the Central Provident Fund Commissioner, reports to the Union Labour Minister through the Permanent Secretary in the ministry. The head office of the Organisation is in New Delhi. The Act is administered by the Government of India through the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO). EPFO is one of the largest provident fund institutions in the world in terms of members and volume of financial transactions that it has been carrying on.
Information Handbook Under Section 4 (1) (b) Of The Right to Information Act, 2005 Employees Provident Fund Organisation Ministry of Labour Government of India

Please find the EPF related forms below.

Withdraw Provident Fund Form 19
Transfer the Provident Fund account of a member from one establishment to another Form 13
Form to be used by nominee / family member to claim the member's Provident Fund accumulation Form 20
To avail advances / withdrawals as provided in the scheme Form 31

Procedure to check EPF online
Link for PF Balance for the various States is given below.

Useful link related to EPF RTI India

A young college co-ed came running in tears to her father. "Dad, you gave me some terrible financial advice!"

"I did? What did I tell you?" said the dad.

"You told me to put my money in that big bank, and now that big bank is in trouble."

"What are you talking about? That's one of the largest banks in the state," he said. "there must be some mistake."

"I don't think so," she sniffed. "They just returned one of my checks with a note saying, 'Insufficient Funds'."

HR Staffing function activities

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Sun, 26 Apr 2009 17:24:00 +0000

HR Staffing Function Activities
Employment planning
Employment planning ensures that staffing will contribute to the organization’s mission and strategy. Objectives of Employment planning are as follows.
Forecast Personnel Requirements: Planning has to be done to understand the future manpower needs in an organization. This ensures that people are available for upcoming projects.
Changes in market Conditions: In today's scenario the market changes are quick, hence employment planning has to be done to cope with the market changes. The HR employment plan has to be such that it takes into consideration the market changes and ensures that the resources with the appropriate technical skills are recruited.

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Job Analysis
It is the responsibility of the Human Resources Management to ensure that the employer and and the employees have an understanding of the duties to be performed on the job. Hence it is very important to carry out a proper job analysis before writing the Job Description. Job analysis involves an understanding of the the different jobs in the organization. The qualification required to carry out a particular job needs to be understood. Once this is done then the Job description needs to be prepared.

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Recruitment
An organization can progress and prosper only if the people working in the organization are of requisite skills, qualification and experience. Hence proper recruitment is very important for any organization to grow. For proper recruitment the different methods of recruitment need to be understood like internal and external. For a particular job resources may be available internally. Employee referral scheme is another way of recruiting good resources without advertising. Since this is like a recommendation from a current employee the chances of getting good resources increases.

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Selection
Basically selection involves choosing the right resources who can perform the job. The chosen employee should be qualified enough, experienced, medically fit, and should have the right attitude. Once the resource is interviewed by the "Technical" team then Human Resources is responsible for completing the following tasks.

Medical Tests
Reference Checks

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Laughter is the Best Medicine

Bill GATES organized an enormous session to recruit a new Chairman for
Microsoft Europe.

5000 candidates assembled in a large room. One candidate is Kantibhai Shah.

Bill Gates: Thank you for coming. Those who do not know JAVA may leave.
2000 people leave the room.

Kantibhai says to himself, 'I do not know JAVA but I have nothing to lose
if I stay. I'll give it a try'

Bill Gates: Candidates who never had experience of managing more than 100 people may leave.
2000 people leave the room.

Kantibhai says to himself ' I never managed anybody by myself but I have
nothing to lose if I stay. What can happen to me?' So he stays.

Bill Gates: Candidates who do not have management diplomas may leave.
500 people leave the room.

Kantibhai says to himself, 'I left school at 15 but what have I got to
lose?' So he stays in the room.

Lastly, Bill Gates asked the candidates who do not speak Serbo - Croat to leave.
498 people leave the room.

Kantibhai says to himself, ' I do not speak one word of Serbo - Croat but
what do I have to lose?' So he stays and finds himself with one other candidate.
Everyone else has gone.

Bill Gates joined them and said 'Apparently you are the only two candidates
who speak Serbo - Croat, so I'd now like to hear you have a conversation
together in that language.'

Calmly, Kantibhai turns to the other candidate and says...... 'kem chho?'

The other candidate answers ........ 'Ek dam Maja Ma'
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Conducting the Job Interview: Hiring a New Employee -- powered by ExpertVillage.com

Human Resource Management

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Fri, 24 Apr 2009 07:27:00 +0000

Human Resource Management
Fundamentals:
HR Management involves setting right goals and allocating the right resources to achieve them. It also involves efficiently achieving the objectives of the organization with and through the right people. Primarily HR Management involves the following.

Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling

Human Resource Management has become very important in the current scenario. It has become very sophisticated. The resons being employee legislation has placed new requirements on employers. Jobs are becoming more technical and skilled. Traditional job boundaries have become blurred. This has happened with the advent of such things as project teams and telecommuting. DUe to the global competition the demand has increased and so has productivity.
Human Resource Management serves 4 Basic Functions:

Staffing
Training and Development
Motivation
Maintenance

HRM is also influenced by external factors such as

Management
Labor Unions
Government Legislation
Strategic Environment

Important links
Society for Human Resource Management
Human Resource Management

Laughter is the best Medicine

A man in a hot air balloon realized he was lost. He reduced altitude and spotted a woman below. He descended a bit more and shouted: "Excuse me, can you help me? I promised a friend I would meet him an hour ago, but I don't know where I am."

The woman below replied: "You are in a hot air balloon hovering approximately 30 feet above the ground. You are 51º21,32.87 degrees north latitude and 0º21,32.87 degrees west longitude."

"You must be an IT specialist," said the balloonist.

" I am," replied the woman. "How did you know?"

"Well," answered the balloonist, "everything you told me is technically correct, but I have no idea what to make of your information, and the fact is I am still lost. Frankly, you've not been much help so far."

The woman below responded: "You must be in HR."

"I am, "replied the balloonist. "But how did you know?"

"Well," said the woman, "you don't know where you are or where you are going. You have risen to where you are due to a large quantity of hot air. You made a promise, which you have no idea how to keep, and you expect people beneath you to solve your problems. The fact is you are in exactly the same position you were in before we met, but now, somehow, it's my fault."

Father of Human Resources

noreply@blogger.com (HR) — Wed, 22 Apr 2009 15:23:00 +0000

Father of Human Resources
Human Resource Management has a history dating back to the times (before the industrial revolution) when artisans and craftsmen would enlist the aid of one another to discuss ways to manage their laborers. Yes one wonders as to who could be called as the Father of Human Resources. Well, most of us would think of John Henry Patterson. Patterson was an industrialist and founder of the National Cash Register Company. He was a businessperson, salesperson, and social progressive. HR does seem to have roots in John Patterson, who formed a personnel department to manage the grief’s of workers after a bitter union strike in 1901. John H. Patterson created an intricate system of management to monitor and train company salesman. He gave them scripts to memorize and assigned them territory to cover. He held conventions and thematic sales contests, and pressured salesmen to rid their regions of competition. Patterson sought to create a method of sales management that encompassed all aspects of selling, from the calculation of quotas and commission rates to the motivation of discouraged salesmen.
John H. Patterson and the Sales Strategy of the National Cash Register Company
Some pioneers in the filed of Human Resources are as follows.
Douglas McGregor : Douglas McGregor was a Management professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management and president of Antioch College from 1948 to 1954. His 1960 book The Human Side of Enterprise had a profound influence on education practices.

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Abraham Maslow : Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist. He is noted for his conceptualization of a "hierarchy of human needs", and is considered the father of humanistic psychology.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs
A Theory of Human Motivation
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Chris Argyris : Chris Argyris’ early research explored the impact of formal organizational structures, control systems and management on individuals and how they responded and adapted to them. This research resulted in the books Personality and Organization, 1957 and Integrating the Individual and the Organization, 1964. He then shifted his focus to organizational change, in particular exploring the behavior of senior executives in organizations (Interpersonal Competence and Organizational Effectiveness, 1962; Organization and Innovation, 1965).

Theories of action, double-loop learning and organizational learnin
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Renesis Likert : Through his book – “New patterns of Management” on the importance of the group participation and team work.

System 1 to 4
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George Elton Mayo was an Australian psychologist, sociologist and organization theorist. He lectured at the University of Queensland from 1919 to 1923 before moving to the University of Pennsylvania, but spent most of his career at Harvard Business School (1926 - 1947), where he was professor of industrial research. On 18 April 1913 he married Dorothea McConnel in Brisbane. They had two daughters. Mayo is known as the founder of the Human Relations Movement, and is known for his research including the Hawthorne Studies, and his book The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization (1933).

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