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Agirregabiria)</managingEditor><generator>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>10656</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-5843606479785249747</guid><pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2026 09:57:57 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-10T11:09:18.283+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">aprendizaje</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">deporte</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">filosofía</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">inteligencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">intergeneracional</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">lectura</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">libro</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">sociedad</category><title>Gimnasios de la mente: Nuevas ágoras para el aprendizaje</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55644351026/in/datetaken/&quot; title=&quot;Gimnasios de la mente: Nuevas ágoras para el aprendizaje&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Gimnasios de la mente: Nuevas ágoras para el aprendizaje&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55644351026_5351a38234.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Hay una moda creciente de acudir al gimnasio, lugar que prolifera por todas nuestras ciudades, barrios y pueblos. Es una excelente noticia, pero sería aún mejor si esos c&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;uerpos en forma no condujeran a cabezas en barbecho (algo que por supuesto no necesariamente ocurre). La cuestión es: &lt;b&gt;¿Pueden aparecer &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrenamiento_cognitivo&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;gimnasios de la mente&lt;/a&gt;, lugares donde ejercitar y entrenar el pensamiento?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Porque hay gimnasios para todo: para correr, para levantar pesas, para flexibilizar la espalda y, según confiesan muchos, &lt;b&gt;para conocer gente&lt;/b&gt;. Los &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Running_club&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;run clubs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt; se han convertido en una forma reconocida de socializar, y nadie se sorprende de que alguien se apunte a una sala de entrenamiento tanto por los músculos como por la conversación del vestuario. Cuidamos el cuerpo en comunidad, con horarios, compañía y un poco de &lt;b&gt;disciplina colectiva&lt;/b&gt;. ¿Por qué no hacemos lo mismo con la inteligencia y el intelecto?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidz_8-m8oI035X_kcgwz3k-p3qP9GVGmUCbM1lKough679rWb_yMXDsTHvSoYRSuAzDjBa2GoArA7gWmIfu32u-zeytGGvAAK1KQn-Y1cCcHZ6rKUf5A3IDhYQsdlTgtwxDbO3GgFx9iQ6nWWG3m43iC-ZwC489ECwfWHpbcSm9dhTTNL9q77a/s616/images.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;616&quot; data-original-width=&quot;462&quot; height=&quot;270&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidz_8-m8oI035X_kcgwz3k-p3qP9GVGmUCbM1lKough679rWb_yMXDsTHvSoYRSuAzDjBa2GoArA7gWmIfu32u-zeytGGvAAK1KQn-Y1cCcHZ6rKUf5A3IDhYQsdlTgtwxDbO3GgFx9iQ6nWWG3m43iC-ZwC489ECwfWHpbcSm9dhTTNL9q77a/w192-h270/images.jpg&quot; width=&quot;192&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La vieja fórmula latina, &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mens_sana_in_corpore_sano&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;mens sana in corpore sano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, procede de las &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1tiras_(Juvenal)&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Sátiras&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt; de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvenal&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Juvenal&lt;/a&gt; (X, 356)&lt;/b&gt;. Y conviene recordar que Juvenal no la presentaba como un ideal, sino como una petición: «habría que rogar» por una mente sana en un cuerpo sano. Es decir, que ni siquiera para él era algo que viniera dado. &lt;b&gt;Hay que pedirlo, buscarlo y adiestrarlo&lt;/b&gt;. Hemos hecho caso a la segunda mitad de la frase con entusiasmo. A la primera le falta todavía un buen lugar donde practicarse.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una palabra que significaba otra cosa.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Gimnasio&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; procede del griego &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;gymnasion&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, derivado de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;gymnos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, «desnudo», porque los atletas se ejercitaban sin ropa. Pero el gimnasio griego no era solo un campo de entrenamiento. Era también un lugar de conversación, y en torno a esos recintos nacieron instituciones tan célebres como la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_de_Atenas&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Academia de Platón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liceo_(Antigua_Grecia)&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el Liceo de Aristóteles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que se situaban junto a espacios deportivos. Se paseaba, se discutía, se medían las ideas con la misma franqueza con que se medían los cuerpos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá lo que hoy llamamos moda sea, en el fondo, la recuperación de una intuición antigua: lo que se practica con otros se mantiene. Aprender a solas exige una voluntad que casi nadie sostiene durante meses. &lt;b&gt;Aprender en compañía solo exige presentarse&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lugares que ya lo intuyeron&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;No partimos de cero. El sociólogo &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Oldenburg&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ray Oldenburg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; llamó en 1989&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_place&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Third place&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=tercer+lugar&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;«tercer lugar» (posts previos)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; a esos espacios, ni casa ni trabajo, donde la gente se encuentra sin necesidad de pretexto. Y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Klinenberg&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Eric Klinenberg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ericklinenberg.com/books/palaces-for-the-people/&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Palaces for the People&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; (2018)&lt;/b&gt;, defendió que bibliotecas, parques y centros comunitarios son una «infraestructura social» tan importante como las carreteras. Algunas bibliotecas lo han entendido. Las&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idea_Store&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Idea Stores&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;del distrito londinense de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tower Hamlets&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, cuya primera sede abrió en 2002, sustituyeron la solemnidad del silencio por la luz, la cafetería y una oferta de cursos para todas las edades.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Los &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://silentbook.club/&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Silent Book Clubs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, nacidos en &lt;b&gt;San Francisco&lt;/b&gt; hacia 2012, proponen algo casi irreverente: reunirse para leer en silencio, cada cual su libro, y charlar después un rato. Y en &lt;b&gt;1992 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Sautet&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Marc Sautet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; inauguró en &lt;b&gt;París &lt;/b&gt;el &lt;b&gt;primer &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_philosophique&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;café filosófico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, demostrando que una mesa de bar puede ser un aula si hay una pregunta sobre ella.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En todos los casos la fórmula es parecida: poco ceremonial, mucha hospitalidad y un compromiso de regularidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSMarTyzw9RBb2dcW8YM-0p4igW7C7THblYAu5Qs3zpa-KXIzfMDtWk6L5qZUCei5D4RihPuRslCeY3Os_5ZM7Y1YVjxw50et0jXbM-V0H6DUkyG_T6dnfUdVlx-XNoiVNesP2uEV-StMDSPcEeuK4KOJbzODW_-ZKQJZFdFu-0eGZjO7C79K-/s518/images%20(1).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;518&quot; data-original-width=&quot;386&quot; height=&quot;269&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSMarTyzw9RBb2dcW8YM-0p4igW7C7THblYAu5Qs3zpa-KXIzfMDtWk6L5qZUCei5D4RihPuRslCeY3Os_5ZM7Y1YVjxw50et0jXbM-V0H6DUkyG_T6dnfUdVlx-XNoiVNesP2uEV-StMDSPcEeuK4KOJbzODW_-ZKQJZFdFu-0eGZjO7C79K-/w200-h269/images%20(1).jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cómo sería un gimnasio de la mente&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Imaginemos una &lt;b&gt;biblioteca del encuentro&lt;/b&gt;. No tendría tornos ni monitores, pero sí un calendario estable. Los lunes, una hora de lectura compartida en silencio. Los miércoles, un «circuito» de veinte minutos con tres estaciones: explicar a otro algo que has aprendido esta semana, escuchar una pregunta difícil y debatirla, aprender diez palabras de una lengua que no dominas. Los sábados, una &lt;b&gt;tarde intergeneracional&lt;/b&gt; en la que un jubilado enseña a un adolescente a reparar una radio y el adolescente le devuelve el favor con el móvil. &lt;b&gt;Tendría entrenadores, que serían bibliotecarios, docentes y vecinos con oficio&lt;/b&gt;, y también tendría algo que los gimnasios de carne ya saben: una tarjeta de asistencia y la alegría de ver que la racha crece.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Y habría que guardarse de un riesgo. Convertir el saber en otro producto de rendimiento, con métricas de lectura y tableros de logros, sería traicionar la idea. El buen gimnasio mental no sirve para presumir de cultura sino para &lt;b&gt;recuperar la costumbre de la curiosidad&lt;/b&gt;, esa musculatura que se atrofia con la inmediatez de las pantallas y que, bien trabajada, nos devuelve la capacidad de atender, de dudar y de conversar sin prisa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una &lt;b&gt;propuesta a diez años&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá podamos empezar pequeño. Proponemos un objetivo a dos años: que cada barrio o municipio cuente con al menos un espacio regular, en una biblioteca, un centro cívico o un café, donde se practique en grupo la lectura, la conversación o el aprendizaje. Podría evaluarse con algo tan simple como el número de personas que repiten durante seis meses. A cinco años, que esos espacios mezclen generaciones y que al menos un tercio de los participantes sean personas que no frecuentaban antes la biblioteca. A diez, que acudir a «&lt;b&gt;entrenar la cabeza&lt;/b&gt;» &lt;b&gt;resulte tan normal como ir a nadar&lt;/b&gt;. Como lector, empieza ya: &lt;b&gt;busca o crea un grupo de lectura&lt;/b&gt;, y comprueba al cabo de un año si sigues yendo. Esa constancia es la mejor medida.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Mens sana&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, decía Juvenal, es algo que se pide. Nosotros añadiríamos: y &lt;b&gt;algo que se practica, mejor en compañía&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
&lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Hay gimnasios para todo: correr, levantar pesas y hasta ligar. ¿Y si hubiera también gimnasios para la mente? https://t.co/B9gCv97DYC Bibliotecas del encuentro, lectura en compañía, conversación con regularidad. Desde el gimnasio griego hasta las Idea Stores de Londres, una idea antigua que vuelve. Lo contamos en el blog. #aprendizaje #bibliotecas #cultura

Gimnasio asko daude: korrika egiteko, pisua altxatzeko, baita jendea ezagutzeko ere. Eta gogoarentzat? Liburutegiak topaleku izan daitezke: elkarrekin irakurri, elkarrekin hitz egin, jakin-mina entrenatu. Greziako gimnasiotik Londresko Idea Store-etara, ideia zaharra berriro hemen. Blogean azaltzen dugu. #ikaskuntza #liburutegiak #kultura

There&#39;s a gym for everything now: running, lifting, even meeting people. What about a gym for the mind? Libraries as meeting places, reading together, conversation as a regular habit. From the Greek gymnasion to London&#39;s Idea Stores, an old idea is back. New post on the blog. #learning #libraries #culture

Il y a des salles de sport pour tout : courir, soulever, même rencontrer du monde. Et pour l&#39;esprit ? Des bibliothèques où l&#39;on se retrouve, où l&#39;on lit ensemble, où la conversation devient une habitude. Du gymnase grec aux Idea Stores de Londres, une vieille idée revient. À lire sur le blog. #apprentissage #bibliothèques #culture&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2120096369910137299?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 10, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/gimnasios-de-la-mente-nuevas-agoras.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidz_8-m8oI035X_kcgwz3k-p3qP9GVGmUCbM1lKough679rWb_yMXDsTHvSoYRSuAzDjBa2GoArA7gWmIfu32u-zeytGGvAAK1KQn-Y1cCcHZ6rKUf5A3IDhYQsdlTgtwxDbO3GgFx9iQ6nWWG3m43iC-ZwC489ECwfWHpbcSm9dhTTNL9q77a/s72-w192-h270-c/images.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-4282516452403855930</guid><pubDate>Mon, 09 Nov 2026 19:39:54 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-10T10:14:13.246+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">AI</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">filosofía</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">futuro</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">robots</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">tecnología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">trabajo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ética</category><title>Robots en casa, en clase y en la empresa en 2036</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55643621275/in/datetaken/&quot; title=&quot;Robots en casa, en clase y en la empresa en 2036&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Robots en casa, en clase y en la empresa en 2036&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55643621275_4e33a24c59.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ahora es un tema de conversación habitual la próxima llegada de robots a nuestros hogares, escuelas o empresas. Veamos qué cabe esperar de la r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;obótica en los próximos diez años. Comencemos con su origen, c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;uando la palabra «robot» llegó al teatro.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En &lt;b&gt;enero de 1921&lt;/b&gt; se estrenó en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praga&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Praga&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.U.R.&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;R.U.R.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, la obra de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_%C4%8Capek&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Karel Čapek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; que difundió por el mundo una palabra nueva: «robot», derivada del checo &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot#Etimolog%C3%ADa&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;robota&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, trabajo forzado o esclavo. Čapek atribuyó el hallazgo a su hermano &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_%C4%8Capek&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Josef&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Es curioso que el término naciera ya con una pregunta moral dentro: no qué pueden hacer las máquinas, sino para quién trabajan y a qué precio. Un siglo después, esa pregunta sale del teatro y entra en la cocina, en el aula y en el almacén.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;De dónde partimos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;La fábrica es el terreno maduro&lt;/b&gt;. El parque mundial de robots industriales creció un 9 % en 2025 hasta un récord de cinco millones de unidades, y las instalaciones anuales subieron un 11 %, hasta superar las 600.000, según la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ifr.org/&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Federación Internacional de Robótica&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/global-robot-demand-in-factories-doubles-over-10-years&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;World Robotics 2025&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. El hogar y la escuela, en cambio, están en la fase de los primeros experimentos. El caso más visible es&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.1x.tech/order&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;1X que abre las reservas del humanoide NEO&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;: un humanoide en preventa por unos 20.000 dólares, con entregas en Estados Unidos anunciadas desde 2026, o &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;499 dólares al mes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Conviene leerlo con calma, porque las tareas complejas todavía requieren supervisión humana. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tesla.com/AI&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Tesla&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.figure.ai/&quot; style=&quot;color: blue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Figure&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, por su parte, no han fijado una fecha ni un precio firmes para el consumidor.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwNUFnZUxkvs9tC7zB534KsJ_IpZlLaf_0KGNOoxAcZAZF7zNU7hAOOLaDvuxNBeB4zlqjgDUsc4oie4EW8iJncrjBbLv2UNg5YYur39idhV_RAoqkWYGQr6pf6fHTiVVzuajOQvfxIQrJ1uTV0bGFIY146orsLEO6Ts9QpqbPwjlyIuQyF9Mc/s1233/neo.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1233&quot; data-original-width=&quot;665&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwNUFnZUxkvs9tC7zB534KsJ_IpZlLaf_0KGNOoxAcZAZF7zNU7hAOOLaDvuxNBeB4zlqjgDUsc4oie4EW8iJncrjBbLv2UNg5YYur39idhV_RAoqkWYGQr6pf6fHTiVVzuajOQvfxIQrJ1uTV0bGFIY146orsLEO6Ts9QpqbPwjlyIuQyF9Mc/s320/neo.jpg&quot; width=&quot;173&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En las aulas, el robot es sobre todo una herramienta para aprender programación y pensamiento computacional. Los ejemplos de éxito empiezan a aparecer, pero la mayoría de los centros aún busca su camino, y el coste de compra y mantenimiento frena su adopción.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Lo que sigue son pronósticos, es decir, juicios razonados y no certezas. Los hemos escalonado en cuatro horizontes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A un año: A finales de 2027&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Calculamos que habrá pocos humanoides domésticos, concentrados en hogares pioneros y muy asistidos a distancia. El robot de masas seguirá siendo el aspirador o el cortacésped, humilde y eficaz. En las escuelas crecerán los tutores conversacionales y los kits de robótica, con más entusiasmo que evidencia. En las empresas veremos pilotos de humanoides en logística y automoción, mientras los robots colaborativos, mucho más baratos y probados, seguirán ganando terreno.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A dos años: 2028&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Llegarán segundas generaciones, precios algo menores y, sobre todo, reglas. ¿Quién responde si un robot rompe algo o lastima a alguien? ¿Qué ocurre con las imágenes que graba dentro de una vivienda? Aseguradoras, normas de seguridad y legislación europea marcarán el ritmo tanto como los ingenieros. En la escuela, el cuello de botella no será la máquina sino la formación del profesorado. En la empresa, los pilotos darán sus primeras cuentas de resultados: algunos se consolidarán y otros quedarán como anécdota cara.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A cinco años: 2031&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Esperamos robots capaces de dos o tres tareas domésticas fiables, como recoger, doblar ropa o ayudar a una persona mayor a levantarse. Es probable que entren antes en residencias y en hogares acomodados que en el piso medio. En la formación profesional aparecerán itinerarios de &lt;b&gt;mantenimiento de flotas de robots&lt;/b&gt;, un oficio nuevo, y en el aula el robot será un compañero de laboratorio, no un sustituto del maestro. En almacenes y plantas, los humanoides se limitarán a tareas estructuradas, y lo decisivo será la fiabilidad: una máquina que funciona el 95 % del tiempo es una promesa, no un compañero de turno.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCEccP7YpTB4jf8thgeOPLxk6BvYm3xcBETzSezsTt_b0b_Ea-QJoxIqbK0ZpU-XCp2D-GrAt3yti6tVGBGHiuVy3W2e6Kir7yT8kj9-B31-P-1edaiVCnHDvj05-Z6Cm_-g3Q7IfFL-e185fU3-4jTONJ_DxELK_Zls3MTGu5RL8a5VPqDKeb/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_78xz3178xz3178xz.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2752&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCEccP7YpTB4jf8thgeOPLxk6BvYm3xcBETzSezsTt_b0b_Ea-QJoxIqbK0ZpU-XCp2D-GrAt3yti6tVGBGHiuVy3W2e6Kir7yT8kj9-B31-P-1edaiVCnHDvj05-Z6Cm_-g3Q7IfFL-e185fU3-4jTONJ_DxELK_Zls3MTGu5RL8a5VPqDKeb/s320/Gemini_Generated_Image_78xz3178xz3178xz.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A diez años: 2036&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Aquí la honestidad obliga a reconocer que &lt;b&gt;la incertidumbre es enorme&lt;/b&gt;. El cuello de botella no es solo el ingenio, sino la seguridad, la energía, el coste de mantenimiento y la aceptación social. Nuestro escenario más razonable no es el mayordomo universal de la ciencia ficción, sino &lt;b&gt;una constelación de robots especializados, casi invisibles&lt;/b&gt;, repartidos por casas, escuelas y fábricas, como ya lo están hoy las lavadoras o los ascensores.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una reflexión que nos toca.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá la lección de Čapek siga vigente: toda tecnología de trabajo plantea &lt;b&gt;quién gana tiempo, quién pierde ingresos y quién decide&lt;/b&gt;. Un robot que libera a una persona mayor de tareas pesadas es una buena noticia; uno que amplía la brecha entre colegios ricos y pobres, no tanto. Ni la fascinación ni el miedo sirven de brújula, pero sí la curiosidad informada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una propuesta a diez años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Proponemos tres gestos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Leer:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; en los próximos seis meses, dedicar una hora al mes a un informe serio sobre robótica, como los de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/five-million-robots-now-operate-in-factories-globally&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;World Robotics 2026&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Escribir:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; en dos años, que cada lector anote en un cuaderno compartido qué robots ha visto en su entorno y qué problema resolvían. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Participar:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; en cinco años, que cada centro educativo o asociación vecinal organice un taller abierto donde se pruebe un robot y se debatan sus normas. La evaluación puede ser sencilla: cuántos talleres, cuántas personas y cuántos acuerdos concretos sobre uso y seguridad. En 2036 bastará comparar este pronóstico con la realidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Cuándo tendremos un robot en casa? Cinco millones trabajan ya en fábricas, pero en cocinas y aulas apenas empezamos. https://t.co/daKoyeiTKA Hemos escrito cuatro pronósticos a 1, 2, 5 y 10 años para hogares, escuelas y empresas: qué es realista, qué es promesa y qué reglas habrá que pactar. Con una propuesta para participar. Lo leemos en el blog 👇 #robótica #IA #educación

Noiz izango dugu robot bat etxean? Bost milioi robot ari dira jada lantegietan, baina sukaldeetan eta ikasgeletan ia hasi besterik ez gara egin. Hemen dituzu etxeetarako, eskoletarako eta enpresetarako 1, 2, 5 eta 10 urteko iragarpenak: zer den errealista, zer promesa hutsa, eta zer arau adostu beharko ditugun. Parte hartzeko proposamen batekin. Blogean irakur dezakezu 👇 #robotika #AA #hezkuntza

When will a robot show up in your kitchen? Five million already work in factories, but homes and classrooms are barely getting started. We&#39;ve sketched forecasts at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years for homes, schools and workplaces: what&#39;s realistic, what&#39;s hype, and which rules we&#39;ll need to agree on. Plus a way to get involved. On the blog 👇 #robotics #AI #education

Un robot dans notre cuisine, pour quand ? Cinq millions travaillent déjà en usine, mais maisons et salles de classe n&#39;en sont qu&#39;aux débuts. Nous avons esquissé des prévisions à 1, 2, 5 et 10 ans pour les foyers, les écoles et les entreprises : ce qui est réaliste, ce qui relève de la promesse et les règles à définir. Avec une proposition pour s&#39;engager. Sur le blog 👇 #robotique #IA #éducation&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2119877965135634468?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 9, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/robots-en-casa-en-clase-y-en-la-empresa.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwNUFnZUxkvs9tC7zB534KsJ_IpZlLaf_0KGNOoxAcZAZF7zNU7hAOOLaDvuxNBeB4zlqjgDUsc4oie4EW8iJncrjBbLv2UNg5YYur39idhV_RAoqkWYGQr6pf6fHTiVVzuajOQvfxIQrJ1uTV0bGFIY146orsLEO6Ts9QpqbPwjlyIuQyF9Mc/s72-c/neo.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-6837719378999779577</guid><pubDate>Mon, 09 Nov 2026 18:51:20 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-09T19:59:59.405+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">curiosidades</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">trucos</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">twitter</category><title>¿Para qué sirven las rayas de las toallas de baño?</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55643253403/in/datetaken/&quot; title=&quot;¿Para qué sirven las rayas de las toallas de baño?&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;¿Para qué sirven las rayas de las toallas de baño?&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55643253403_9f1f7f2d67.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A primera vista, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toalla&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;las rayas que aparecen en muchas toallas de baño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; parecen un simple recurso decorativo. Una franja lisa, generalmente tejida de forma diferente al resto de la pieza, recorre sus extremos y crea un contraste visual que asociamos casi inmediatamente con la imagen clásica de una toalla. Sin embargo, detrás de este pequeño detalle hay también razones relacionadas con la fabricación, la estructura del tejido y el mantenimiento de la prenda.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Estas bandas reciben en el ámbito textil diferentes denominaciones, entre ellas &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.eldebate.com/sociedad/20260422/toallas-llevan-linea-bordada-extremos-cns_409738.html&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;dobby border&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt; o &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenefa&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;cenefa &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;tejida. Su característica principal es que presentan un patrón distinto al del cuerpo de la toalla. Mientras la parte central suele estar formada por un tejido de rizo, compuesto por multitud de pequeños bucles que aumentan la superficie disponible para absorber agua, la zona rayada tiene una estructura más compacta y plana.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0CUM2EkDvwJZYExSiYTYq7VrK42J7Z2mEQ_dCipI8HDHwTYLEV2Mw-MYh0k4IqRUcSpii2P7HEBdmjLeeUYxzCba4lAx73iO8BfRqsLscZqnof1wxzOZuQpRk40uc_XZDG2Wll5u8b_XSk1zZs_2VaR5Mu0QzWvhU5cRhipmwbIezquLdzeVi/s1168/TTi7t.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1168&quot; data-original-width=&quot;784&quot; height=&quot;280&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0CUM2EkDvwJZYExSiYTYq7VrK42J7Z2mEQ_dCipI8HDHwTYLEV2Mw-MYh0k4IqRUcSpii2P7HEBdmjLeeUYxzCba4lAx73iO8BfRqsLscZqnof1wxzOZuQpRk40uc_XZDG2Wll5u8b_XSk1zZs_2VaR5Mu0QzWvhU5cRhipmwbIezquLdzeVi/w188-h280/TTi7t.jpg&quot; width=&quot;188&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Una función estructural.&lt;/b&gt; La primera utilidad de estas franjas es &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toalla&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue;&quot;&gt;reforzar los extremos de la toalla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Los bordes son zonas sometidas a tensión, manipulación y sucesivos lavados. Una trama más compacta ayuda a proporcionar estabilidad al tejido y limita su tendencia a deformarse.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;El rizo resulta extraordinariamente eficaz para absorber agua, pero también es relativamente voluminoso y puede sufrir tirones o enganches. Una cenefa tejida con una estructura diferente permite combinar dos propiedades: una gran capacidad de absorción en la superficie principal y una mayor estabilidad en los extremos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Además, la transición entre el cuerpo de rizo y el borde compacto contribuye a controlar la forma de la pieza durante su fabricación y utilización. No significa que una toalla sin rayas sea necesariamente peor: existen numerosos diseños perfectamente funcionales que prescinden de estas cenefas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;¿Ayudan a absorber el agua?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Aquí aparece una de las ideas más extendidas: que las rayas sirven específicamente para secar mejor. La realidad es algo más matizada.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;La mayor parte del agua que absorbe una toalla de rizo se retiene en los bucles de la zona principal, no en la cenefa plana. Precisamente por eso, las franjas suelen ser menos absorbentes que el resto de la toalla.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Su función no consiste, por tanto, en crear una especie de &quot;canal&quot; que transporte el agua hacia los extremos. Tampoco existe una propiedad universal por la que una determinada cantidad de rayas haga que una toalla seque mejor. La absorción depende sobre todo del tipo de fibra, la densidad del tejido, la longitud y calidad del rizo, el gramaje y el acabado textil.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;También tienen una función estética.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB_wpOYo6bDPI7gsm7OYaSa_hMxFIVoKYOB3fjjP0u4zJkRs31imCA7AeOdsfoNPP4gI_lcW_C_RT6-86XI0WquM_md_ib1A3iXv-hFx2Oz1m0lA5NtoC3ZAUZEPdBwKiLeR2Rlgwx1ScB81Eg9ld4JZ5A1-wViv984lKqv21-Feudr8njDAkY/s1024/ced4ab67-c414-4a24-a9bb-15e9ff7c37a7.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB_wpOYo6bDPI7gsm7OYaSa_hMxFIVoKYOB3fjjP0u4zJkRs31imCA7AeOdsfoNPP4gI_lcW_C_RT6-86XI0WquM_md_ib1A3iXv-hFx2Oz1m0lA5NtoC3ZAUZEPdBwKiLeR2Rlgwx1ScB81Eg9ld4JZ5A1-wViv984lKqv21-Feudr8njDAkY/s320/ced4ab67-c414-4a24-a9bb-15e9ff7c37a7.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Hay, además, una razón muy sencilla: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dise%C3%B1o_industrial&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue;&quot;&gt;las rayas permiten diseñar la toalla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Una cenefa diferenciada proporciona una zona donde incorporar dibujos, motivos geométricos, colores o incluso logotipos. En hoteles, gimnasios y establecimientos textiles puede ayudar también a identificar colecciones o diferenciar tamaños y modelos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Es un buen ejemplo de cómo el diseño industrial rara vez responde a una única finalidad. Un elemento puede contribuir simultáneamente a la resistencia, facilitar la fabricación y aportar una identidad visual al producto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;¿Por qué están normalmente en los extremos?&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;La ubicación tampoco es casual. Los extremos son precisamente los lugares donde resulta más útil disponer de una estructura textil estable y resistente. Además, colocar la cenefa allí deja prácticamente toda la superficie destinada al rizo y, por tanto, a la absorción.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;En algunas toallas encontramos una sola franja; en otras, varias líneas paralelas, dibujos geométricos o bandas de diferente anchura. Las posibilidades dependen del diseño y del proceso de fabricación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Un pequeño detalle para aprender a mirar.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Las rayas de una toalla son, en definitiva, una pequeña&lt;/span&gt; lección de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funcionalismo_(arquitectura)&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue;&quot;&gt;diseño funcional&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;span&gt;Algo que puede parecer puramente ornamental puede estar relacionado con la estructura del tejido, la durabilidad, la fabricación y la estética.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;También ofrecen una interesante enseñanza educativa: muchas veces utilizamos objetos cotidianos sin preguntarnos por qué tienen determinada forma. Una toalla, una cremallera, una cuchara, un bolígrafo o una señal de tráfico pueden convertirse en pequeñas investigaciones domésticas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;La próxima vez que cojamos una toalla, quizá merezca la pena observarla antes de utilizarla. Es posible que esas discretas rayas no estén ahí simplemente para hacerla más bonita. Son un recordatorio de que &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dise%C3%B1o_de_producto&quot; style=&quot;color: mediumblue;&quot;&gt;en los objetos cotidianos, la ingeniería y el diseño suelen esconderse a plena vista&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;¿Por qué las toallas de baño llevan esa franja lisa en los extremos? Parece pura decoración, pero esconde ingeniería textil 👇 https://t.co/udyX11OXuO Esa cenefa (dobby border) es un tejido compacto que refuerza los bordes, los protege de tirones y lavados y ayuda a mantener la forma. No, no seca mejor: el agua la retienen los bucles del rizo. Además permite jugar con colores y logotipos. Un recordatorio de que el buen diseño se esconde a plena vista: ¡mira tus objetos cotidianos con ojos de investigador! 🧺🔍 #Curiosidades #Diseño #Educación

Zergatik dute bainu-zapiek ertzetan xerra leun hori? Apaingarri hutsa dirudi, baina ehungintza-ingeniaritza ezkutatzen du 👇 Ertz-xerra (dobby border) ehun trinkoa da: ertzak indartzen ditu, tiraldiei eta garbiketa askori eusten die, eta zapiaren forma mantentzen laguntzen du. Ez, ez du hobeto lehortzen: ura begizta-ehunak xurgatzen du. Gainera, koloreak eta logotipoak diseinatzeko aukera ematen du. Diseinu onak agerian ezkutatzen dira: begiratu eguneroko gauzei ikertzaile baten begiez! 🧺🔍 #Jakingarriak #Diseinua #Hezkuntza

Pourquoi les serviettes de bain ont-elles cette bande lisse à chaque extrémité ? Simple décoration ? Pas seulement : c&#39;est de l&#39;ingénierie textile 👇  Cette bordure (dobby border) est un tissage serré qui renforce les bords, résiste aux tractions et aux lavages et préserve la forme. Non, elle ne sèche pas mieux : l&#39;eau est retenue par les boucles éponge. Elle permet aussi de jouer avec couleurs et logos. Le bon design se cache à la vue de tous : observez vos objets quotidiens en enquêteur ! 🧺🔍 #Curiosités #Design #Éducation

Why do bath towels have that smooth band at both ends? Just decoration? Not quite: it&#39;s hidden textile engineering 👇  That border (a dobby border) is a compact weave that reinforces the edges, resists tugging and repeated washing, and helps the towel keep its shape. No, it doesn&#39;t dry better: the water is held by the terry loops. It also lets designers play with colours and logos. Good design hides in plain sight: look at everyday objects like an investigator! 🧺🔍 #Curiosities #Design #Education&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2119867371745648742?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 9, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/para-que-sirven-las-rayas-de-las.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0CUM2EkDvwJZYExSiYTYq7VrK42J7Z2mEQ_dCipI8HDHwTYLEV2Mw-MYh0k4IqRUcSpii2P7HEBdmjLeeUYxzCba4lAx73iO8BfRqsLscZqnof1wxzOZuQpRk40uc_XZDG2Wll5u8b_XSk1zZs_2VaR5Mu0QzWvhU5cRhipmwbIezquLdzeVi/s72-w188-h280-c/TTi7t.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-6175032656605055695</guid><pubDate>Sun, 08 Nov 2026 21:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-09T20:42:03.203+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">blogger</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Escritura</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">tecnología</category><title>¿Cuál es la mejor plataforma para hacer un blog?</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55642538139/in/datetaken/&quot; title=&quot;¿Cuál es la mejor plataforma para hacer un blog?&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;¿Cuál es la mejor plataforma para hacer un blog?&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55642538139_1b1f5d0d63.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Aunque nuestra personal afinidad a Blogger es histórica y total, nos preguntamos cómo encontrar el &lt;b&gt;equilibrio exacto entre potencia y simplicidad es el mayor reto al elegir un gestor de contenidos&lt;/b&gt;. La decisión depende fundamentalmente de tu ritmo de publicación y de si valoras más el diseño visual, o la arquitectura sólida para albergar un archivo histórico masivo a lo largo de los años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Si buscas una plataforma capaz de gestionar miles de artículos y soportar un ritmo de publicación diario o muy frecuente (como ensayos y reflexiones), estas son las mejores opciones actuales:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(plataforma_de_blogueo)&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;1. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(plataforma_de_blogueo)&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;Ghost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(plataforma_de_blogueo)&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;: El equilibrio perfecto para escritores prolíficos.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Ghost nació como una respuesta a lo complejo que se había vuelto WordPress con el paso del tiempo. Es un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_gestión_de_contenidos&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;CMS&lt;/a&gt; moderno, rapidísimo y centrado al 100% en la escritura y la lectura.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM-LRm798EfGui7_gPIff-H5nOrdM3gkV9qMDxvcWII246e8o7dzKfonMglnqe07bpvE5Gieumr6_WTh1M0uhXjWr5Ux42P8wnWd3QPRwG6VvJlpliC0o2e-01RQPHDqjINXy8YQJCcXiJNn-io_VFxyZ8y6Bozd8sLPu6MFp8OogKRvGQvh60/s925/25210db0-tyytry82ff-402b-ab76-b26c9979cf2c.png&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;925&quot; data-original-width=&quot;598&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM-LRm798EfGui7_gPIff-H5nOrdM3gkV9qMDxvcWII246e8o7dzKfonMglnqe07bpvE5Gieumr6_WTh1M0uhXjWr5Ux42P8wnWd3QPRwG6VvJlpliC0o2e-01RQPHDqjINXy8YQJCcXiJNn-io_VFxyZ8y6Bozd8sLPu6MFp8OogKRvGQvh60/s320/25210db0-tyytry82ff-402b-ab76-b26c9979cf2c.png&quot; width=&quot;207&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;ul1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Simplicidad:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Su editor es minimalista y libre de distracciones, ideal para sentarse puramente a teclear textos extensos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencia&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Potencia:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Es extremadamente rápido, el SEO viene optimizado por defecto (sin configurar nada) y tiene integrado un sistema de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;newsletter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;nativo para distribuir los artículos por correo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lo mejor:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;No se &quot;hincha&quot; con los años ni requiere docenas de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;plugins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;. Si tienes un archivo histórico inmenso, Ghost lo maneja con una fluidez técnica envidiable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;WordPress&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; (versión .org autoalojada): El estándar incombustible.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Es el motor de casi la mitad de internet. Si buscas potencia absoluta y control total sobre tu legado digital, no hay rival.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;ul1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencia&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Potencia:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Puedes crear taxonomías complejas, organizar un archivo histórico de decenas de miles de entradas, integrar herramientas para clasificar contenido y diseñar la web exactamente como quieras.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Simplicidad:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Aquí es donde exige más esfuerzo. Requiere encargarse del alojamiento, actualizaciones y copias de seguridad (aunque un buen hosting especializado mitiga esto). El editor de bloques actual (Gutenberg) es versátil, pero la interfaz de administración general puede resultar recargada frente a opciones más modernas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress.com&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;3. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress.com&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;WordPress.com &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress.com&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Planes de pago): Potencia sin mantenimiento técnico.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Si te atrae la robustez de WordPress para estructurar grandes volúmenes de información, pero no quieres lidiar con servidores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;ul1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrio&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Equilibrio:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Te registras, eliges un diseño y ellos se encargan de la seguridad y el mantenimiento técnico subyacente. Sigues teniendo la inmensa base de datos de WordPress para organizar miles de artículos de divulgación, ciencia o cultura, con mucha mayor simplicidad operativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squarespace&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Squarespace&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wix.com&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #2b00fe; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Wix&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseño_web&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Simplicidad visual máxima&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;ul1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Simplicidad:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Son insuperables si tu prioridad es el diseño estético mediante constructores visuales de &quot;arrastrar y soltar&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencia&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Potencia:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Han mejorado mucho sus herramientas de blog, pero nacieron orientados a portafolios, tiendas o webs corporativas. Si tu enfoque diario es puramente teclear grandes volúmenes de texto, sus interfaces de diseño pueden resultar un paso extra innecesario en el día a día.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veredicto&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Veredicto:&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Si tu objetivo principal es&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensayo&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;escribir con frecuencia ensayos o artículos extensos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;y quieres que la plataforma sea veloz y no requiera mantenimiento técnico,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(plataforma_de_blogueo)&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ghost&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;es la opción más refinada y limpia hoy en día.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Si necesitas organizar un&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo_histórico&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;archivo histórico muy complejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;y priorizas la versatilidad de poder añadir cualquier función imaginable en el futuro,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPress&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;WordPress&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;sigue siendo el rey indiscutible.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p2&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Por última,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;el un caso fascinante&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blogger&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;Blogger (la histórica plataforma de Google)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. A menudo queda fuera de los debates actuales sobre gestores de contenido, pero posee unas fortalezas únicas que lo convierten en un superviviente nato en esa balanza entre potencia y simplicidad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Simplicidad extrema y cero fricción técnica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Es, sin lugar a dudas, la opción más sencilla en cuanto a infraestructura. A diferencia de WordPress, no hay que actualizar bases de datos, lidiar con incompatibilidades de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;plugins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;ni preocuparse por la seguridad o las copias del servidor. Todo funciona sobre la red de Google. Es, literalmente, entrar y empezar a teclear. Para un escritor que publica reflexiones de forma diaria, esa ausencia total de mantenimiento técnico es invaluable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resiliencia_(sistemas)&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La verdadera potencia de &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resiliencia_(sistemas)&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;Blogger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resiliencia_(sistemas)&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;: Resiliencia y escala&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;En términos de diseño vanguardista, gestión de membresías o herramientas de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;newsletter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;integradas (terrenos donde Ghost o Substack brillan), Blogger se ha quedado muy atrás. Su interfaz y sus plantillas acusan el paso de los años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, su &quot;potencia&quot; se define desde otra perspectiva: la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estabilidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;estabilidad a lo largo de las décadas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;. Es prácticamente la única plataforma gratuita donde puedes construir y alojar un archivo histórico monumental.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veredicto&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Veredicto sobre Blogger:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;ul1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debilidad&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;El punto débil:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Su evolución se ha detenido. No es la opción para crear una revista digital moderna, vender suscripciones o tener un diseño visual de última generación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;li1&quot; style=&quot;font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; face=&quot;Menlo-Regular&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventaja&quot; style=&quot;color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;El punto fuerte:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Es un refugio digital indestructible. Si la prioridad absoluta es la palabra escrita, la divulgación constante y preservar un archivo inmenso a prueba de fallos y sin costes de mantenimiento, sigue siendo una herramienta excepcional que prioriza el contenido puro por encima del continente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;¿Cuál es la mejor plataforma para tu blog? 🖋️https://t.co/80ait29D3G 
Ghost: rapidísimo, SEO de serie y newsletter nativa. WordPress: potencia absoluta y control total de tu archivo. https://t.co/cbpQOLhcxE: lo mismo, sin mantenimiento. Wix y Squarespace: diseño a golpe de ratón. ¿Y Blogger? Su interfaz envejeció, pero es un refugio digital indestructible, gratuito y sin mantenimiento para guardar décadas de palabras. Potencia o simplicidad: depende de tu ritmo y de tu archivo. 👇
#Blogging #Ghost #WordPress #Blogger #SEO

Zein da blog bat egiteko plataformarik onena? 🖋️
Ghost: azkarra, SEO berezkoa eta newsletter integratua. WordPress: ahalmen osoa eta zure artxiboaren kontrol guztia. https://t.co/cbpQOLhcxE: bera, mantentze-lanik gabe. Wix eta Squarespace: diseinua saguarekin. Eta Blogger? Itxura zaharkitua du, baina aterpe digital suntsiezina da: doakoa eta mantentze-lanik gabekoa, hamarkadatako hitzak gordetzeko. Ahalmena ala sinpletasuna: zure erritmoaren eta artxiboaren araberakoa. 👇
#Blogging #Ghost #WordPress #Blogger #SEO

Quelle est la meilleure plateforme pour créer un blog ? 🖋️Ghost : ultra-rapide, SEO natif et newsletter intégrée. WordPress : puissance maximale et contrôle total de vos archives. https://t.co/cbpQOLhcxE : pareil, sans maintenance. Wix et Squarespace : le design en glisser-déposer. Et Blogger ? Son interface a vieilli, mais c&#39;est un refuge numérique indestructible, gratuit et sans entretien pour conserver des décennies d&#39;écrits. Puissance ou simplicité : tout dépend de votre rythme et de vos archives. 👇
#Blogging #Ghost #WordPress #Blogger #SEO

What&#39;s the best platform for your blog? 🖋️
Ghost: blazing fast, SEO built in, native newsletter. WordPress: total power and control over your archive. https://t.co/cbpQOLhcxE: same, minus the maintenance. Wix and Squarespace: drag-and-drop design. And Blogger? Its interface has aged, but it&#39;s an indestructible, free, zero-maintenance refuge for decades of writing. Power or simplicity: it depends on your rhythm and your archive. 👇
#Blogging #Ghost #WordPress #Blogger #SEO&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2119775104523489472?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 9, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/cual-es-la-mejor-plataforma-para-hacer.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM-LRm798EfGui7_gPIff-H5nOrdM3gkV9qMDxvcWII246e8o7dzKfonMglnqe07bpvE5Gieumr6_WTh1M0uhXjWr5Ux42P8wnWd3QPRwG6VvJlpliC0o2e-01RQPHDqjINXy8YQJCcXiJNn-io_VFxyZ8y6Bozd8sLPu6MFp8OogKRvGQvh60/s72-c/25210db0-tyytry82ff-402b-ab76-b26c9979cf2c.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-6326188475631046076</guid><pubDate>Sun, 08 Nov 2026 02:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-08T15:59:18.901+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Portugal</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Universidad</category><title>¿Hispanoamérica se dividió por las universidades y Brasil no?</title><description>&lt;center&gt;
  
  &lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55638917969/in/datetaken/&quot; title=&quot;¿Hispanoamérica se dividió por las universidades y Brasil no?&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;¿Hispanoamérica se dividió por las universidades y Brasil no?&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55638917969_d230fbe132.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;Este post es fruto de una intuición surgida en una conversación con un amigo médico, &lt;b&gt;Javier Marcos&lt;/b&gt;, tras su viaje familiar a &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co%C3%ADmbra&quot;&gt;Coimbra&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal&quot;&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, donde hemos estado en distintas ocasiones. Nuestra conjetura apunta a una de las claves históricas reales de esta diferencia entre los imperios de España y Portugal que se repartieron el mundo en el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_de_Tordesillas&quot;&gt;Tratado de Tordesillas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;La política universitaria y educativa de ambas coronas jugó un papel fundamental en la &lt;b&gt;fragmentación de Hispanoamérica frente a la unidad de Brasil&lt;/b&gt;, aunque este factor se combinó con otras diferencias administrativas y políticas cruciales. Detallamos el desglose de factores que explican por qué ocurrió esto:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9fFbSBeHyOBcA3vUwv8lXQJEkstk6nch98STGQjxCBTe-eRAslS4RElg3mdWHPU_UP7nrNMz8jJwdY7owMagFL_x8udQ0tBxTof1L5F4qdfy8MxSiBycks5yqKUhP1Znd1Bp8XDaESRwjhOGEbjtAdGOMhDgXfpbcgy16lAU-rMPdhFDW-iKo/s1168/image%20(5).jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1168&quot; data-original-width=&quot;784&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9fFbSBeHyOBcA3vUwv8lXQJEkstk6nch98STGQjxCBTe-eRAslS4RElg3mdWHPU_UP7nrNMz8jJwdY7owMagFL_x8udQ0tBxTof1L5F4qdfy8MxSiBycks5yqKUhP1Znd1Bp8XDaESRwjhOGEbjtAdGOMhDgXfpbcgy16lAU-rMPdhFDW-iKo/s320/image%20(5).jpg&quot; width=&quot;215&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;1. El factor universitario y la red de élites (Nuestra hipótesis)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;- En Hispanoamérica:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Es cierto. España fundó más de 30 universidades a lo largo de sus territorios (como &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Nacional_Mayor_de_San_Marcos&quot;&gt;San Marcos en Lima&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_y_Pontificia_Universidad_de_M%C3%A9xico&quot;&gt;Real y Pontificia de México&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, o la de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Nacional_de_C%C3%B3rdoba&quot;&gt;Córdoba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; en la actual Argentina). Esto permitió que los &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criollo&quot;&gt;criollos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;se educaran en sus propias regiones. Como resultado, desarrollaron identidades fuertemente locales, intereses económicos desconectados de otras regiones y núcleos intelectuales que acabarían liderando movimientos independentistas separados. Un intelectual de Bogotá rara vez interactuaba con uno de Buenos Aires.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;- En Brasil:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Portugal prohibió estrictamente la creación de universidades (e incluso de imprentas) en Brasil hasta 1808. Para obtener educación superior, los hijos de las familias ricas y poderosas de todo Brasil tenían que viajar a Europa y estudiar en un único lugar: la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Co%C3%ADmbra&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Universidad de Coímbra&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, en Portugal. Allí se &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;conocían, forjaban lazos de amistad y creaban una red de contactos. Al regresar a Brasil, esta élite compartía una ideología y una visión de estado unificada que fue vital para mantener el inmenso territorio cohesionado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;2. La fragmentación administrativa colonial&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;- El Imperio Español&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;era tan vasto y su geografía tan compleja (dividida por la cordillera de los Andes, selvas y desiertos) que España lo organizó en múltiples bloques autónomos: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virreinato&quot;&gt;los Virreinatos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; (Nueva España, Perú, Nueva Granada, Río de la Plata) y &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitan%C3%ADa_general&quot;&gt;las Capitanías Generales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; (Chile, Venezuela, Guatemala). Cada uno tenía su propia capital, su aparato burocrático y, a menudo, prohibición de comerciar con los demás. Estas fronteras administrativas se transformaron naturalmente en las fronteras de las nuevas repúblicas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7AuDH4i124R2d2S030EoVsYJzMIx1FtQSs_g45DFOhTb97r79z1Es_iTCb8jEHGQv5FCcow4oVLgAPl48A1M-Gifc3jjT4-lUceZiR-MxueSeodHi_v-2a3jN38d-_-aR_IVlct781ADio8pC4iLkUg9Dv_k7Oyks1oWiowjLHKvGyEqas62/s637/11.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;637&quot; data-original-width=&quot;533&quot; height=&quot;271&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7AuDH4i124R2d2S030EoVsYJzMIx1FtQSs_g45DFOhTb97r79z1Es_iTCb8jEHGQv5FCcow4oVLgAPl48A1M-Gifc3jjT4-lUceZiR-MxueSeodHi_v-2a3jN38d-_-aR_IVlct781ADio8pC4iLkUg9Dv_k7Oyks1oWiowjLHKvGyEqas62/w227-h271/11.jpg&quot; width=&quot;227&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;El Imperio Portugués&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; mantuvo la administración de Brasil mucho más centralizada. Aunque existían provincias, el territorio respondía a un &lt;b&gt;único Gobernador General (más tarde Virrey)&lt;/b&gt;, con capital primero en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_(Bah%C3%ADa)&quot;&gt;Salvador de Bahía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y, desde 1763, en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_de_Janeiro&quot;&gt;Río de Janeiro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; 3. El vacío de poder frente a la presencia real (1808). E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;l &lt;/b&gt;destino definitivo de ambos territorios se selló durante las guerras napoleónicas en la Península Ibérica, que provocaron dos reacciones opuestas:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En España:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; El rey &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_VII_de_Espa%C3%B1a&quot;&gt;Fernando VII&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; fue capturado por Napoleón. Esto creó un vacío de poder absoluto. Las distintas capitales americanas crearon sus propias &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juntas_de_Gobierno_de_Hispanoam%C3%A9rica&quot;&gt;Juntas de Gobierno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; locales. Al no haber una figura central unificadora, estas juntas terminaron combatiendo no solo contra las tropas realistas españolas, sino también entre ellas mismas, fragmentando Hispanoamérica de forma irreversible.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En Portugal:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; Ante la llegada de las tropas francesas, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_de_Braganza&quot;&gt;la familia real portuguesa (los Braganza)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; huyó al completo hacia &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_de_Janeiro&quot;&gt;Río de Janeiro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, escoltada por la armada británica. De la noche a la mañana, &lt;b&gt;Brasil dejó de ser una colonia y se convirtió en la metrópoli y capital del imperio&lt;/b&gt;. Toda la maquinaria del Estado se instaló allí, fortaleciendo el control central.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh8webZEqMwj9I7889YGcrCN_nn2j2EdgdH6LmOQA8gIfkK7bJ6G7hW_RhNrB3viW_KozE15A_LDsUsULGVXQnAapIX5umGzBJ3N_ufcwTPQ5duE7IGFBQjAT-jpEuydGSDwAC1SlIb8yxKQ5_f8pSr944KsM5lO2RupMC4kATLk9EcnW1p3Sl/s632/22.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;632&quot; data-original-width=&quot;568&quot; height=&quot;263&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh8webZEqMwj9I7889YGcrCN_nn2j2EdgdH6LmOQA8gIfkK7bJ6G7hW_RhNrB3viW_KozE15A_LDsUsULGVXQnAapIX5umGzBJ3N_ufcwTPQ5duE7IGFBQjAT-jpEuydGSDwAC1SlIb8yxKQ5_f8pSr944KsM5lO2RupMC4kATLk9EcnW1p3Sl/w237-h263/22.jpg&quot; width=&quot;237&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;4. &lt;b&gt;Repúblicas vs. Monarquía Imperial&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Cuando llegó el momento de la ruptura definitiva, Hispanoamérica se desgarró en cruentas guerras civiles que dieron a luz a repúblicas inestables. Por el contrario, la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independencia_de_Brasil&quot;&gt;independencia de Brasil fue declarada en 1822&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; de arriba hacia abajo por el propio hijo del rey de Portugal, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_I_de_Brasil_y_IV_de_Portugal&quot;&gt;Pedro I&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;Al nacer como un &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_del_Brasil&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Imperio (una monarquía)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, la figura del Emperador y el ejército imperial heredaron la legitimidad del Estado anterior. Aunque hubo f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;uertes rebeliones separatistas en Brasil (en el sur y en el noreste), el poder central de Río de Janeiro tuvo la cohesión institucional y militar para aplastarlas y mantener las fronteras intactas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Una paradoja histórica que merece destacarse&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Hay una reflexión que considero especialmente relevante: &lt;b&gt;España contribuyó a crear en América una civilización institucional compartida&lt;/b&gt;, con universidades, imprentas, ciudades, administración, derecho, lengua y estructuras culturales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Pero esa misma socieda&lt;/span&gt;d fue desarrollando intereses, aspiraciones y élites propias que acabaron reclamando la soberanía.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;No significa que las universidades provocaran las independencias. Significa que &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;la educación y la formación de élites proporcionaron algunas de las herramientas intelectuales e institucionales con las que se pudo construir la emancipación&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay incluso un matiz importante: buena parte de las universidades coloniales mantuvieron posiciones conservadoras durante las guerras de independencia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Conclusión: la historia universitaria hispanoamericana permite comprender una paradoja de la historia de los imperios: &lt;b&gt;las instituciones creadas para consolidar un orden político pueden contribuir, con el paso de las generaciones, a formar sociedades capaces de reclamar su propio destino&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Es una perspectiva muy interesante para estudiar la herencia española en América sin caer ni en la idealización de la colonización ni en su descalificación simplista.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Por qué Hispanoamérica se fracturó en decenas de países mientras Brasil se mantuvo unido como un gigante? 🌎https://t.co/9YYw0LKydb 🤔 La clave podría estar en las UNIVERSIDADES. Mientras España fundó más de 30 universidades creando élites locales con identidad propia, Portugal las prohibió. Los brasileños debían estudiar en Coímbra (Portugal), forjando una red de contactos que mantuvo unido el inmenso territorio tras la independencia. 🏛️📚 Una paradoja sobre cómo la educación moldea fronteras. #Hispanoamérica #Geopolítica #EducacionPublica 
Zergatik zatitu zen Hispanoamerika dozenaka herrialdetan eta Brasilek, aldiz, erraldoi batu gisa iraun zuen? 🌎🤔 Gakoa UNIBERTSITATEETAN egon liteke.

Espainiak 30 unibertsitate baino gehiago sortu zituen, tokiko eliteak eratuz; Portugalek, berriz, debekatu egin zituen. Brasildarrek Coimbran (Portugal) ikasi behar zuten, independentziaren ostean lurralde itzela batuta mantendu zuen sare bat sortuz. 🏛️📚 Hezkuntzak inperioak nola moldatzen dituen erakusten duen paradoxa liluragarria. #Hispanoamerika #Geopolitika #Hezkuntza

Pourquoi l&#39;Amérique hispanique s&#39;est-elle fracturée en dizaines de pays alors que le Brésil est resté un géant uni ? 🌎🤔 La clé pourrait être les UNIVERSITÉS.
L&#39;Espagne a fondé plus de 30 universités, créant des élites locales avec leur propre identité. Le Portugal les a interdites : les Brésiliens devaient étudier à Coimbra, forgeant un réseau qui a maintenu l&#39;immense territoire uni après l&#39;indépendance. 🏛️📚 Un paradoxe fascinant sur la façon dont l&#39;éducation façonne les #AmeriqueLatine #Geopolitique #Education

Why did Spanish America fracture into dozens of countries while Brazil remained a united giant? 🌎🤔 The key might be UNIVERSITIES. 
Spain founded 30+ universities, creating local elites with regional identities. Portugal banned them, forcing Brazilians to study in Coimbra. This forged a tight network that kept the vast territory united after independence. 🏛️📚 A fascinating paradox of how education shapes empires and borders.
 #LatinAmerica #Geopolitics #Education&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2119134411925135614?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 7, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/hispanoamerica-se-dividio-por-las.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9fFbSBeHyOBcA3vUwv8lXQJEkstk6nch98STGQjxCBTe-eRAslS4RElg3mdWHPU_UP7nrNMz8jJwdY7owMagFL_x8udQ0tBxTof1L5F4qdfy8MxSiBycks5yqKUhP1Znd1Bp8XDaESRwjhOGEbjtAdGOMhDgXfpbcgy16lAU-rMPdhFDW-iKo/s72-c/image%20(5).jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-8900278936793344033</guid><pubDate>Sat, 07 Nov 2026 01:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-07T06:07:45.430+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">arquitectura</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">arte</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Iruñea</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">museo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Navarra</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Pamplona</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">turismo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Universidad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>Viajando a la Navarra secreta: arte, Japón y retiro románico</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55636958419/in/dateposted/&quot; title=&quot;Viajando a la Navarra secreta: arte, Japón y retiro románico&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Viajando a la Navarra secreta: arte, Japón y retiro románico&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55636958419_b752b93dbf.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;A menudo eclipsada por el eco universal de sus trepidantes fiestas estivales,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navarra&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Navarra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y su capital &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamplona&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Iruña o Pamplona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, custodian una serenidad profunda que recompensa al viajero pausado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Hemos aprendido,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; a lo largo de décadas de rutas y lecturas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; que las ciudades,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; como las buenas obras literarias,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; revelan su verdadero carácter &lt;b&gt;cuando nos detenemos a escuchar su silencio&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Proponemos un itinerario de tres días completos para redescubrir &lt;b&gt;Pamplona (que conocemos de muchos viajes y donde Aitor estudió Arquitectura)&lt;/b&gt; y su entorno desde una mirada cultural,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; arquitectónica y paisajística,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; alejándonos de los recorridos convencionales para adentrarnos en su vanguardia museística,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; su fascinante conexión con Oriente y su histórico refugio espiritual.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Día 1: De la muralla histórica a la vanguardia artística&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;El primer día nos invita a transitar desde la solidez de la historia hacia la innovación creativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Toda comprensión de Iruñea debe comenzar por su trazado defensivo renacentista.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Caminar por las murallas y el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pamplona.es/turismo/que-hacer/paseo-de-ronda&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Paseo de Ronda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; deteniéndonos en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Pamplona&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Catedral de Santa María la Real&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; para admirar su impecable claustro gótico,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; nos sitúa en el centro de gravedad de la vieja ciudad.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Sin embargo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el conocimiento exige movimiento y nuestros pasos deben dirigirse hacia el campus de la universidad para comprender la Pamplona del siglo XXI.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnBpOTUuBfwa-tgNQsfH5_E2s_BwiUdJrxtB9T9hcQH_LaUnirqlMn6sABt0q5pupmg-9pq5xFeGO05kjzMiPVyxdGBxKzUON4NOS9wgWA7qYPsYZgzM86eU0mi7-HBI1ha9osBdcCML0WwtCXzE7jRdKPRE-AA3ZweVs0K2RFMWk1ca4RGN2S/s2096/image_20261106_202753-cambia-el-texto-central-a-iruea-el-tiempo-detenido.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2096&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1184&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnBpOTUuBfwa-tgNQsfH5_E2s_BwiUdJrxtB9T9hcQH_LaUnirqlMn6sABt0q5pupmg-9pq5xFeGO05kjzMiPVyxdGBxKzUON4NOS9wgWA7qYPsYZgzM86eU0mi7-HBI1ha9osBdcCML0WwtCXzE7jRdKPRE-AA3ZweVs0K2RFMWk1ca4RGN2S/s320/image_20261106_202753-cambia-el-texto-central-a-iruea-el-tiempo-detenido.jpg&quot; width=&quot;181&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Allí se alza el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Universidad_de_Navarra&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Museo de la Universidad de Navarra (MUN)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; un hito arquitectónico magistralmente integrado en el entorno natural,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; diseñado por el arquitecto &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Moneo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Rafael Moneo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; e inaugurado en &lt;b&gt;2015&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En sus galerías de luz controlada,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la extraordinaria colección fotográfica de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_Ortiz_Echagüe&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;José Ortiz-Echagüe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; —un testimonio visual invaluable de la historia y el costumbrismo— dialoga abiertamente con el arte contemporáneo de figuras como &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoni_Tàpies&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tàpies&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Rothko&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Rothko&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Picasso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Observamos aquí cómo una institución académica no es únicamente un espacio de transmisión de currículos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino un verdadero faro cultural que proyecta su labor sobre el conjunto de la sociedad,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; educando la mirada de nuevas y veteranas generaciones a través de las artes plásticas y escénicas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Día 2&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;b&gt;Un puente hasta Japón bajo el firmamento&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;La segunda jornada nos reserva una de las sorpresas urbanas más bellas e inesperadas de la península.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En 1997,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el hermanamiento de Pamplona con la ciudad nipona de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaguchi_(Yamaguchi)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Yamaguchi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; —un vínculo forjado a través de los siglos por los &lt;b&gt;viajes del misionero&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Javier&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;San Francisco de Javier&lt;/a&gt; en el siglo XVI&lt;/b&gt;— cristalizó en un auténtico jardín japonés.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; El &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_Yamaguchi&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Parque Yamaguchi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; no es un mero decorado,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino un ecosistema de paz diseñado por paisajistas orientales,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; donde el agua,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; las rocas y la vegetación obedecen a principios filosóficos seculares.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Caminar entre sus puentes de madera,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la cascada o el géiser central supone un ejercicio de meditación en movimiento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Es un espacio que nos invita a la pausa,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; a la contemplación intergeneracional y al respeto por ritmos más orgánicos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Y,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; en el corazón de este pulmón verde,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; aguarda el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetario_de_Pamplona&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Planetario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Bajo su imponente cúpula,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; bautizada en honor al &lt;b&gt;astrónomo &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Vicente_de_Tornamira&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tornamira&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la divulgación científica cobra vida.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Contemplar el firmamento proyectado nos devuelve la perspectiva,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; recordándonos la asombrosa pequeñez de nuestra existencia frente a la inmensidad del cosmos y la necesidad de mantener siempre viva la curiosidad científica.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAvxhcIaO-ao7Lbp0vfDKv2gYhc8mXWc76TVkM65PAVt60vZA7Dlb9ohPScR7MLnnSxfztrAuyPSOrGl2zc0b-FieYgV7QNIb6T5ZqYRdJ6ba4coOYSRAYS40XD-VYROgo-FTTMxACKBhjDSnGHg_MY3kbgToEsovuwoO6MsLqS4ltGOwLyuso/s2048/PAG3gyAKKYfcUwgO8p7TSzyOqAjpevekF3btAeoK_SluAJDp6KTxPJ8YiUIc02tvuvkazBs7qQx3o7t74vYl9S0kfRh7Fw9hLyh_Ol0ImKOsMtKFOEgDmK9IB-td_NSnadKyBi6uZnZYY7vYy9g1I0SsTP3jLPs-HjzCWAR7rYT_8trb44JgdzZDCh9I-2OY.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2048&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAvxhcIaO-ao7Lbp0vfDKv2gYhc8mXWc76TVkM65PAVt60vZA7Dlb9ohPScR7MLnnSxfztrAuyPSOrGl2zc0b-FieYgV7QNIb6T5ZqYRdJ6ba4coOYSRAYS40XD-VYROgo-FTTMxACKBhjDSnGHg_MY3kbgToEsovuwoO6MsLqS4ltGOwLyuso/w188-h250/PAG3gyAKKYfcUwgO8p7TSzyOqAjpevekF3btAeoK_SluAJDp6KTxPJ8YiUIc02tvuvkazBs7qQx3o7t74vYl9S0kfRh7Fw9hLyh_Ol0ImKOsMtKFOEgDmK9IB-td_NSnadKyBi6uZnZYY7vYy9g1I0SsTP3jLPs-HjzCWAR7rYT_8trb44JgdzZDCh9I-2OY.jpg&quot; width=&quot;188&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Día 3: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/monasterio-de-leire-la-visita-que.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La quietud del tiempo en el Monasterio de Leyre (post dedicado)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Para el tercer día,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; dejamos atrás la trama urbana y nos dirigimos hacia las estribaciones pirenaicas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; a menos de una hora de la capital.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En nuestra visita de este mismo mes de noviembre al &lt;b&gt;Monasterio de Leyre&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; pudimos constatar nuevamente cómo este enclave impone una quietud que resulta genuinamente transformadora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Suspendido sobre las aguas del embalse de Yesa y abrazado por la sierra,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; este conjunto monumental custodia la memoria y &lt;b&gt;los restos de los primeros reyes de Navarra&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Descender a su &lt;b&gt;cripta del siglo XI&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; con sus gruesas columnas y capiteles desproporcionados que sostienen de forma casi telúrica el peso del templo y de la historia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; es retroceder a los orígenes más puros del arte románico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La luz otoñal filtrándose por las aspilleras de piedra subraya la solemnidad del recinto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Si además ajustamos nuestro reloj para coincidir con los oficios religiosos y escuchar el canto gregoriano de la comunidad benedictina,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la experiencia trasciende lo puramente turístico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La acústica de la iglesia abacial convierte el sonido en un puente directo hacia la introspección.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Viajar,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; en su sentido más educativo e integrador&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; no consiste en acumular fotografías,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino en permitir que la geografía y el patrimonio nos interroguen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Esta ruta demuestra que es posible conjugar la audacia museística contemporánea,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la sabiduría paisajística oriental y el recogimiento románico en un solo viaje.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Como proyecto vital y pedagógico,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; invitamos a quienes nos leen a planificar sus futuras rutas bajo los principios del «&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow_travel&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;slow travel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;».&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Fijen el objetivo para los próximos dos a cinco años de recorrer su propio entorno con la mirada de un explorador pausado:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; estudien el contexto histórico antes de partir,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; dediquen tiempo a la observación sin prisas e integren lo aprendido en su comprensión del mundo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; &lt;b&gt;El aprendizaje,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; como los buenos viajes,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; nunca terminan&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Más allá del eco de sus famosas fiestas, Pamplona esconde un oasis de vanguardia, ciencia y espiritualidad. 🍂 Recorremos la ciudad en 3 días: el arte del Museo de la Universidad, el sosiego oriental del Parque Yamaguchi y la profunda quietud románica del Monasterio de Leyre. Un viaje para recargar la mirada. 👇 [Enlace] #Pamplona #TurismoCultural #Navarra #SlowTravel

Bere festa ezagunen oihartzunetik haratago, abangoardia, zientzia eta espiritualtasun oasi bat ezkutatzen du Iruñeak. 🍂 3 eguneko ibilbidea: Unibertsitateko Museoko artea, Yamaguchi parkeko bake orientala eta Leireko monasterioaren isiltasun erromaniko sakona. Begirada berritzeko bidaia bat. 👇 [Enlace] #Iruñea #Kultura #Nafarroa #Leire

Beyond the echo of its famous summer festivals, Pamplona hides an oasis of art, science, and spirituality. 🍂 Join us on a 3-day cultural journey: the contemporary University Museum, the Zen peace of Yamaguchi Park, and the ancient Romanesque silence of Leyre Monastery. A trip to refresh the mind. 👇 [Enlace] #Pamplona #CulturalTravel #Navarre #SlowTravel

Au-delà de l&#39;écho de ses célèbres fêtes, Pampelune cache une oasis d&#39;avant-garde, de science et de spiritualité. 🍂 Nous parcourons la ville en 3 jours : l&#39;art du Musée de l&#39;Université, la quiétude orientale du parc Yamaguchi et le profond silence roman du Monastère de Leyre. Un voyage pour ressourcer le regard. 👇 [Enlace] #Pampelune #TourismeCulturel #Navarre&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2118790644156051489?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 6, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/viajando-la-navarra-secreta-arte-japon.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnBpOTUuBfwa-tgNQsfH5_E2s_BwiUdJrxtB9T9hcQH_LaUnirqlMn6sABt0q5pupmg-9pq5xFeGO05kjzMiPVyxdGBxKzUON4NOS9wgWA7qYPsYZgzM86eU0mi7-HBI1ha9osBdcCML0WwtCXzE7jRdKPRE-AA3ZweVs0K2RFMWk1ca4RGN2S/s72-c/image_20261106_202753-cambia-el-texto-central-a-iruea-el-tiempo-detenido.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-5533714648613260977</guid><pubDate>Fri, 06 Nov 2026 18:49:18 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-06T19:52:09.788+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Agente</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">AI</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">europa</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Prompt</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">tecnología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">trabajo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ética</category><title>Del prompt al agente: el nuevo salto cuántico de la IA</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55637093360/in/photostream/&quot; title=&quot;Del prompt al agente: nuevo salto de la IA&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Del prompt al agente: nuevo salto de la IA&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55637093360_2c38043510.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ya estamos barajando dar este salto que anuncia e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;l fin de los &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenier%C3%ADa_de_instrucciones&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;prompts&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; cuando la máquina toma su propia iniciativa. Hablamos de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;gentes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f;&quot;&gt;artificiales&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;autónomos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el reto europeo ante la nueva evolución tecnológica. Pero este&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f;&quot;&gt;amanecer de los agentes inteligentes se enfrenta a un&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;laberinto europeo de legislación.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Del prompt al agente&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;: el nuevo salto de la inteligencia artificial.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Hasta hace poco,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; nos fascinaba la idea de hablar con las máquinas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Descubrir que un bloque de texto podía generar código,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; redactar ensayos o componer poemas nos sumió en la era del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;181&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenier%C3%ADa_de_instrucciones&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;prompt engineering&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; (la ingeniería de instrucciones)&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Sin embargo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; este modelo conversacional comienza a mostrar síntomas de agotamiento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En el fondo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; depender del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;344&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;prompt&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; equivale a practicar la microgestión con un becario inexperto:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; debemos detallar cada paso,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; corregir cada desvío y supervisar cada iteración.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La tecnología,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; siempre impaciente,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; ya está dando el siguiente paso lógico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Estamos &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;transitando de los modelos que &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;606&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;responden&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; a los agentes que &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;634&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;actúan&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq2W2AXkeOHr9mUclE49rPSH9mkFJEhCjXkU_oLe3xXjuvaz4Drg6xhBnIr74IALrc2YQiWgeDxkDr3ZIuKkOL_ZpaTzWGPHJeJObcV_OC6zlIK34v9nde6eSSQUEu2YwFJD7pOU-RNi_ELH3PT6xRzjVCR2Umx5FQhWllgYpE2PP-hup7vibQ/s1168/image%20(4).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1168&quot; data-original-width=&quot;784&quot; height=&quot;291&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq2W2AXkeOHr9mUclE49rPSH9mkFJEhCjXkU_oLe3xXjuvaz4Drg6xhBnIr74IALrc2YQiWgeDxkDr3ZIuKkOL_ZpaTzWGPHJeJObcV_OC6zlIK34v9nde6eSSQUEu2YwFJD7pOU-RNi_ELH3PT6xRzjVCR2Umx5FQhWllgYpE2PP-hup7vibQ/w196-h291/image%20(4).jpg&quot; width=&quot;196&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Un agente de inteligencia artificial no espera a ser guiado paso a paso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Se le proporciona un objetivo complejo (por ejemplo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; «investiga las tendencias del mercado inmobiliario en Bizkaia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; cruza los datos con la evolución demográfica y envíame un informe estructurado el viernes») y el agente planifica las subtareas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; utiliza herramientas externas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; navega por internet,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; corrige sus propios errores y entrega un resultado final.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonom%C3%ADa&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Hemos pasado de la interacción reactiva a la delegación proactiva&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonom%C3%ADa&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;La anatomía de la autonomía&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Para comprender este salto,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; debemos fijarnos en tres pilares arquitectónicos que distinguen a un agente de un simple modelo de lenguaje.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; El primero es la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_a_largo_plazo&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;154&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;10&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;memoria a largo plazo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Mientras que un chat tradicional olvida quiénes somos al cerrar la pestaña,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; un agente acumula contexto,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; aprende de nuestras preferencias y refina sus estrategias con el tiempo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;El segundo es la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;17&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;11&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;capacidad de planificación&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Los agentes actuales utilizan marcos lógicos que les permiten descomponer un problema masivo en pasos ejecutables,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; evaluando diferentes caminos antes de actuar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Finalmente,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; disponen del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herramienta&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;231&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;11&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;uso de herramientas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; pueden acceder a bases de datos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; ejecutar código,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; gestionar calendarios o realizar transacciones.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Esta convergencia dibuja un escenario futuro inmediato dominado por &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_multiagente&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;ecosistemas multiagente&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; donde inteligencias artificiales especializadas debatirán,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; colaborarán y auditarán el trabajo de las otras antes de presentar una solución al usuario humano.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_Inteligencia_Artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;El laberinto europeo: entre la vanguardia ética y el freno burocrático&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;La transición hacia sistemas autónomos plantea un desafío monumental en el viejo continente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Europa ha decidido liderar la gobernanza tecnológica global mediante la recién aprobada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;response-element class=&quot;no-md&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;link-block _nghost-ng-c3012912515=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a _ngcontent-ng-c3012912515=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3384460698=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot; data-hveid=&quot;0&quot; data-ved=&quot;0CAAQ_4QMahgKEwi4sNri_fKXAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQsgQ&quot; decode-data-ved=&quot;1&quot; externallink=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/es/&quot; jslog=&quot;197247;track:generic_click,impression,attention;BardVeMetadataKey:W1sicl82YTI2ZjcxZTcyN2ExMzVhIiwiY184NzJlYWUyYzIyNmM1ZTU5IixudWxsLCJyY180YmI2NDUxOGVjYzRjNmUzIixudWxsLG51bGwsImVzIixudWxsLDEsbnVsbCxudWxsLDAsMF1d&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: pointer; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(0, 0, 0) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(0, 0, 0); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;Ley de Inteligencia Artificial de la UE (AI Act)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/link-block&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; una normativa basada en la clasificación de riesgos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Aquí surge la fricción.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Un modelo de lenguaje puro que simplemente genera texto se considera,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; en general,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; de riesgo limitado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Pero &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;un agente autónomo que toma decisiones,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agente_de_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; interactúa con infraestructuras,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; filtra currículos o realiza compras,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; escala rápidamente en la pirámide de riesgo&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La legislación europea exige transparencia algorítmica,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; supervisión humana ineludible (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;373&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;15&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;human-in-the-loop&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;) y una estricta trazabilidad de los datos al amparo del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;response-element class=&quot;no-md&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;link-block _nghost-ng-c3012912515=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a _ngcontent-ng-c3012912515=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3384460698=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot; data-hveid=&quot;0&quot; data-ved=&quot;0CAAQ_4QMahgKEwi4sNri_fKXAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQswQ&quot; decode-data-ved=&quot;1&quot; externallink=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679&quot; jslog=&quot;197247;track:generic_click,impression,attention;BardVeMetadataKey:W1sicl82YTI2ZjcxZTcyN2ExMzVhIiwiY184NzJlYWUyYzIyNmM1ZTU5IixudWxsLCJyY180YmI2NDUxOGVjYzRjNmUzIixudWxsLG51bGwsImVzIixudWxsLDEsbnVsbCxudWxsLDAsMF1d&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: pointer; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(0, 0, 0) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(0, 0, 0); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #2b00fe;&quot;&gt;Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (RGPD)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/link-block&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZSfxPDm9rINnoFN2oG1MGtjAX0CShz_BpXCZrlVVa80x5Egv6oefqKkfqPuUCvPLYVZTWOv8yC6y_BvnHhwLTwSZ5UYSTHvkVot_4ohjHTVFcJTfZzXGu0C1lTdmvpxXnNfAKr73296UuNPjaaqugtK3H1BoJ5CgzWWN5wOAu6TZK1aR-cgH/s2240/image_20261106_193559.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2240&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1120&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZSfxPDm9rINnoFN2oG1MGtjAX0CShz_BpXCZrlVVa80x5Egv6oefqKkfqPuUCvPLYVZTWOv8yC6y_BvnHhwLTwSZ5UYSTHvkVot_4ohjHTVFcJTfZzXGu0C1lTdmvpxXnNfAKr73296UuNPjaaqugtK3H1BoJ5CgzWWN5wOAu6TZK1aR-cgH/s320/image_20261106_193559.jpg&quot; width=&quot;160&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;En la situación actual,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; los desarrolladores europeos se enfrentan a una paradoja.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; ¿Cómo se garantiza el «&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derecho_a_la_explicaci%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;derecho a la explicación&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;» exigido por Europa cuando las decisiones de una red multiagente emergen de interacciones no lineales e impredecibles?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La exigencia de documentar cada proceso podría ralentizar el despliegue comercial de estas tecnologías en nuestro territorio frente a la flexibilidad de los ecosistemas estadounidense o asiático.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; No obstante,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; este rigor también ofrece una oportunidad invaluable:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el llamado &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;523&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;16&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecto_Bruselas&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Efecto Bruselas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Si Europa logra desarrollar agentes certificadamente seguros,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; privados y auditables,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; establecerá el estándar de calidad global para la adopción empresarial e institucional.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociedad_del_conocimiento&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;El horizonte del trabajo y el conocimiento&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;A corto plazo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; veremos la integración de estos agentes en entornos acotados:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; asistentes de programación que revisan repositorios completos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; investigadores digitales que rastrean literatura médica,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; o gestores de proyectos que coordinan agendas de equipos enteros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antropolog%C3%ADa&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;El verdadero reto no será tecnológico,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antropolog%C3%ADa&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; sino cultural y antropológico&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; A medida que deleguemos la ejecución técnica,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; nuestro valor diferencial como humanos residirá exclusivamente en formular las preguntas correctas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; definir el propósito ético de las acciones y evaluar críticamente los resultados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algoritmo&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Propuesta de Acción: Observatorio Ciudadano de Agencia Algorítmica (2027-2036)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Para que esta transición no nos convierta en sujetos pasivos de la tecnología,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; debemos asumir un rol activo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Propongo la creación e impulso,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; desde el ámbito local y universitario,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; de un proyecto de voluntariado y activismo intelectual para la próxima década.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objetivo&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;21,0,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Objetivo:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Establecer una red ciudadana intergeneracional que audite el despliegue de agentes autónomos en servicios públicos (educación,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sanidad y administración local),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; garantizando que cumplan con los principios humanistas y la normativa europea.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acci%C3%B3n_social&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;21,1,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Acciones:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Desarrollar guías de alfabetización sobre IA proactiva,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; publicar informes semestrales de transparencia algorítmica local y organizar talleres donde estudiantes y personas mayores evalúen conjuntamente decisiones tomadas por IA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluaci%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;21,2,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Sistema de Evaluación (2-10 años):&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Se medirá el impacto mediante la auditoría anual de al menos tres algoritmos públicos en nuestro entorno cercano,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la publicación de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica_de_la_inteligencia_artificial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;un manifiesto de &quot;Delegación Ética&quot; para 2028&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; y la consolidación de un repositorio abierto donde la ciudadanía documente sesgos y aciertos de los agentes artificiales operativos en nuestra comunidad para 2035.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;El conocimiento ya no reside en saber las respuestas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; ni siquiera en redactar las instrucciones precisas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino en gobernar sabiamente a quienes actúan en nuestro nombre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c2246879549=&quot;&quot; aria-busy=&quot;false&quot; aria-live=&quot;polite&quot; class=&quot;markdown markdown-main-panel md-content enable-luminous-fast-follows enable-updated-hr-color&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; id=&quot;model-response-message-contentr_6a26f71e727a135a&quot; inline-copy-host=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;--animation-duration: 400ms; --fade-animation-function: ease-out; animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; 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  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Cansados de escribir prompts interminables? La Inteligencia Artificial da su próximo salto evolutivo: de los modelos que &quot;responden&quot; a los agentes que &quot;actúan&quot; y planifican de forma autónoma. https://t.co/wnrMqJQqhr ¿Cómo encaja esta delegación tecnológica en el estricto marco ético y regulatorio de Europa? ¿Supone un freno o una garantía de calidad global? Una reflexión sobre el futuro del trabajo, el laberinto de la Ley de IA y nuestro papel como ciudadanos ante la nueva agencia algorítmica. 👇

Prompt amaigabeak idazteaz nekatuta? Adimen Kezartzialak hurrengo jauzi ebolutiboa eman du: &quot;erantzuten&quot; duten ereduetatik, modu autonomoan planifikatu eta &quot;jarduten&quot; duten agenteetara. Nola egokitzen da ordezkaritza teknologiko hau Europako esparru etiko eta arautzaile zorrotzean? Traba bat al da, ala kalitate globalaren bermea? Lanaren etorkizunari eta teknologia berri honen aurrean dugun rolari buruzko hausnarketa. 👇

Tired of endlessly tweaking prompts? AI is taking its next evolutionary leap: from models that simply &quot;respond&quot; to autonomous agents that plan and &quot;act.&quot; How does this new proactive technology fit into Europe&#39;s strict ethical and regulatory framework? Is the EU AI Act a bottleneck for innovation or the gold standard for global safety? A deep dive into the future of autonomous systems and our civic duty in the age of algorithmic agency. 👇 

Depuis 25 siècles, on perfectionne l&#39;oracle : bibliothèques, imprimerie, encyclopédies, moteurs de recherche. Tous répondaient ; aucun n&#39;agissait. Les agents d&#39;IA, eux, agissent, et le risque change. L&#39;Europe n&#39;a pas de loi « pour les agents » : elle les juge sur ce qu&#39;ils font (AI Act + RGPD). Les obligations « haut risque » sont repoussées à décembre 2027 ; la transparence s&#39;applique depuis août 2026. Frein ou ceinture de sécurité ? Et quel muscle mental ne faut-il surtout pas déléguer ?&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2118777646687641697?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 6, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/del-prompt-al-agente-nuevo-salto-de-la.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhq2W2AXkeOHr9mUclE49rPSH9mkFJEhCjXkU_oLe3xXjuvaz4Drg6xhBnIr74IALrc2YQiWgeDxkDr3ZIuKkOL_ZpaTzWGPHJeJObcV_OC6zlIK34v9nde6eSSQUEu2YwFJD7pOU-RNi_ELH3PT6xRzjVCR2Umx5FQhWllgYpE2PP-hup7vibQ/s72-w196-h291-c/image%20(4).jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-6674367368357763535</guid><pubDate>Fri, 06 Nov 2026 09:47:26 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-06T10:48:29.293+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">democracia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Derechos Humanos</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Gernika</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">paz</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ética</category><title>Gernika y Gaza: semejanzas, diferencias y la misma pregunta</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55634711957/in/photostream/&quot; title=&quot;Gernika y Gaza: paralelismos, diferencias y una pregunta incómoda&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Gernika y Gaza: paralelismos, diferencias y una pregunta incómoda&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55634711957_ba4a61d238.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El lunes &lt;b&gt;26 de abril de 1937&lt;/b&gt; era día de mercado en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gernika&quot;&gt;Gernika&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y por eso las calles estaban llenas de gente de los caseríos vecinos. A partir de las cuatro y veinte aproximadamente empezaron a caer las bombas de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legión_Cóndor&quot;&gt;Legión Cóndor nazi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviazione_Legionaria&quot;&gt;Aviación Legionaria italiana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. El ataque duró unas tres horas. Ochenta y nueve años después, el nombre de Gernika reaparece cada vez que una guerra deja una ciudad en ruinas, y hoy aparece junto al de Gaza. ¿Es una comparación legítima o un atajo emocional?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lo que se parece&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay una semejanza que casi nadie discute: en ambos casos hay población civil entre los escombros y una batalla paralela por las cifras. El Gobierno Vasco contabilizó en el&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardeo_de_Guernica&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Bombardeo de Guernica&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;1.654 muertos y 889 heridos. Investigaciones posteriores rebajan esa cifra a entre 126 y 153 víctimas identificadas en los estudios locales y unos 300 muertos según otras estimaciones. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xabier_Irujo&quot;&gt;Xabier Irujo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, en cambio, defiende que una cifra cercana a 1.500 es más probable. Franco negó siempre la autoría y llegó a atribuir la destrucción a los propios republicanos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj2qn7lq9dt1kU2a1b7NGNTIMy1Av9VAPEjGlWspuc6LYQZjNCanS_9wy2Pa1KXkoNgNtggB2zqklSsVySV2MqZB_ale2wVuwSLp5s2Dwx75mNfuNVVKI447Qa_s4EcakkQn6Y60-th1GrYJg3zn8XxHod-rHlQPw7AzGySr4fHQFYloNNoUNr/s659/images%20(2).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;659&quot; data-original-width=&quot;466&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj2qn7lq9dt1kU2a1b7NGNTIMy1Av9VAPEjGlWspuc6LYQZjNCanS_9wy2Pa1KXkoNgNtggB2zqklSsVySV2MqZB_ale2wVuwSLp5s2Dwx75mNfuNVVKI447Qa_s4EcakkQn6Y60-th1GrYJg3zn8XxHod-rHlQPw7AzGySr4fHQFYloNNoUNr/s320/images%20(2).jpg&quot; width=&quot;226&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franja_de_Gaza&quot;&gt;Gaza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, el Ministerio de Sanidad cifra en &lt;b&gt;74.618 los muertos desde octubre de 2023&lt;/b&gt;, de ellos 1.602 desde el alto el fuego del 11 de octubre de 2025. Son datos difíciles de auditar de forma independiente en plena guerra, y el ejército israelí ofrece a menudo un relato distinto de cada ataque. En las dos guerras, discutir los números forma parte de la guerra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lo que no se parece&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Gernika fue una tarde sobre una villa indefensa, con los pilotos republicanos a unos setenta kilómetros, y fue además un ensayo: la Legión Cóndor aplicaría después la misma fórmula en Polonia. Gaza es una guerra de más de dos años, desencadenada o excusada por los ataques de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamás&quot;&gt;Hamás&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; del 7 de octubre de 2023 y librada contra una organización armada en un territorio densísimo. Israel sostiene que ataca objetivos militares; sus críticos denuncian desproporción y castigo colectivo. La calificación jurídica sigue en disputa entre tribunales y juristas, y pocas palabras no la van a zanjar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Tampoco Gernika fue la primera. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sven_Lindqvist&quot;&gt;Sven Lindqvist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en su historia del bombardeo aéreo, sostiene que la indignación europea dependía de quién cayera bajo las bombas, y que ciudades como &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chauen&quot;&gt;Chaouen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; ya habían sido atacadas antes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;¿Va el mundo a peor?&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Los datos dicen algo menos cómodo que un sí o un no.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ourworldindata.org/war-and-peace&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Our World in Data&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;muestra que el número absoluto de muertes en guerra desciende desde 1946, con picos en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Corea&quot;&gt;Corea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Vietnam&quot;&gt;Vietnam&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y los años ochenta. Pero también advierte de que las muertes por conflicto han aumentado recientemente en Oriente Medio, África y Europa, y de que mantener la tendencia depende de nuestras acciones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá lo que ha cambiado no es la cantidad de horror, sino la manera de recibirlo. Aquel &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gernika&quot;&gt;Gernika&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; viajó en las crónicas de los corresponsales y en un cuadro expuesto en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposición_Internacional_de_París_de_1937&quot;&gt;Exposición Universal de 1937&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. El de hoy llega a todos los bolsillos en tiempo real, y la saturación cansa la indignación. Es una interpretación mía, no un dato: peor no estamos necesariamente, pero sí más informados y, probablemente, más cansados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Qué hacer con esto&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Propongo un plan a diez años. En lectura, durante los dos primeros, un libro sobre &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gernika&quot;&gt;Gernika&lt;/a&gt; (el de Irujo o el de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston&quot;&gt;Paul Preston&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;, otro sobre derecho de guerra, y el hábito de contrastar cada noticia con dos fuentes de signo opuesto. En escritura, a los cinco años, una serie de textos que comparen conflictos con datos y sin consignas. En voluntariado, un número fijo de horas anuales en una asociación de memoria o de ayuda humanitaria, mantenido hasta el décimo año. Para evaluarlo, un cuaderno con lo leído, escrito y aportado, revisado cada enero. Si la indignación no se convierte en hábito, queda en espuma.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD4AGo2u0zKEpW962fjQQFnyUB9w-nbXqoasO9FEnYEdpa3g_fV32Q2jd91S-5SEh2l5ahn_ojFMZ6bTYynGB_t5jMHvx-lLqto7aTAmgCr_mBhHPzfoGmGTCttuH2Z4df3yzGkJfG_L4K8UPgsg7T-Y3fWj-QWHS8LBh3jtwU2BKs_1pEHP_c/s1760/890251691_1144701424593511_7682457066255087945_n.webp&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1760&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1408&quot; height=&quot;270&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD4AGo2u0zKEpW962fjQQFnyUB9w-nbXqoasO9FEnYEdpa3g_fV32Q2jd91S-5SEh2l5ahn_ojFMZ6bTYynGB_t5jMHvx-lLqto7aTAmgCr_mBhHPzfoGmGTCttuH2Z4df3yzGkJfG_L4K8UPgsg7T-Y3fWj-QWHS8LBh3jtwU2BKs_1pEHP_c/w216-h270/890251691_1144701424593511_7682457066255087945_n.webp&quot; width=&quot;216&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Conviene no olvidar quién bombardeó Gernika, además de cómo. Fue &lt;b&gt;obra de un &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascismo&quot;&gt;fascismo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; que convirtió a los civiles en blanco legítimo, a la prensa en enemiga y a la mentira en política de Estado: Franco negó durante décadas lo que sus aliados habían hecho. &lt;b&gt;El &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascismo&quot;&gt;fascismo&lt;/a&gt; no empezó con las bombas, sino cuando una parte de la humanidad dejó de contar como humana&lt;/b&gt;. Esa es la lección que no caduca, y no pertenece solo a 1937: reaparece siempre que se habla de poblaciones «prescindibles», de enemigos internos, de periodistas como traidores o de la fuerza como único argumento. Combatirlo hoy no exige comparar a nadie con Hitler, sino algo más cotidiano y más difícil: &lt;b&gt;negarse a &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deshumanización&quot;&gt;deshumanizar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en cualquier bando, y defender la prensa libre, las instituciones y el derecho internacional que se construyeron precisamente &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;sobre las ruinas de ciudades como Gernika.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;En última instancia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Gernika no fue un triste accidente del pasado,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino la &lt;b&gt;advertencia primigenia&lt;/b&gt; de lo que ocurre cuando el fascismo convierte la dignidad humana en mero objetivo táctico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; El fascismo —el de la Legión Cóndor en 1937 y sus mutaciones autoritarias contemporáneas— comparte siempre la misma matriz:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; &lt;b&gt;la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deshumanización&quot;&gt;deshumanización&lt;/a&gt; del otro,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; el desprecio sistemático por el &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derecho_internacional&quot;&gt;derecho internacional&lt;/a&gt; y la impunidad de la fuerza&lt;/b&gt; ciega sobre la población inerme.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Enfrentarlo hoy,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; desde la memoria activa y la intransigencia democrática,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; exige denunciar sin tibia neutralidad a quienes reactivan el terrorismo de Estado y la barbarie colonial,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; pues permitir la impunidad del pasado en Europa es condenarnos a perpetuar el horror presente en Gaza y en cualquier rincón del planeta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;El 26 de abril de 1937 era lunes y día de mercado en Gernika. Tres horas de bombas después, la villa ardía y su nombre pasó a ser un símbolo universal. Hoy cada guerra que deja ciudades en ruinas lo evoca. https://t.co/T5zTiNg8JL ¿Sirve la comparación con Gaza? Hay semejanzas reales, diferencias que conviene nombrar y una pregunta de fondo: ¿va el mundo a peor, o ahora lo vemos todo en directo? Repaso histórico, cifras discutidas y una propuesta de acción a 2, 5 y 10 años. 👇

Monday, 26 April 1937, was market day in Gernika. Three hours of bombs later the town was burning, and its name became a universal symbol. Today every war that leaves cities in ruins evokes it. Does the comparison with Gaza hold? There are real similarities, differences worth naming, and a deeper question: is the world getting worse, or do we simply watch everything live now? A historical look, disputed figures, and a plan for action over 2, 5 and 10 years. 👇

1937ko apirilaren 26a astelehena zen, eta Gernikan merkatu eguna. Hiru orduko bonbardaketaren ondoren, hiria sutan zegoen eta bere izena sinbolo unibertsal bihurtu zen. Gaur, hiriak hondatuta uzten dituen gerra bakoitzak gogorarazten du. Zuzena al da Gazarekin egindako konparazioa? Antzekotasun errealak daude, izendatzea komeni diren desberdintasunak, eta funtsezko galdera bat: mundua okerrera doa, ala orain dena zuzenean ikusten dugu? Errepaso historikoa, zifra eztabaidatuak eta 2, 5 eta 10 urteko ekintza-proposamena. 👇

Le 26 avril 1937 était un lundi, jour de marché à Gernika. Trois heures de bombes plus tard, la ville brûlait et son nom devenait un symbole universel. Aujourd&#39;hui, chaque guerre qui laisse des villes en ruines l&#39;évoque. La comparaison avec Gaza tient-elle ? Il y a des ressemblances réelles, des différences à nommer et une question de fond : le monde va-t-il plus mal, ou voit-on simplement tout en direct ? Repères historiques, chiffres contestés et proposition d&#39;action à 2, 5 et 10 ans. 👇&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2118640800187781512?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 6, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/gernika-y-gaza-paralelismos-diferencias.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj2qn7lq9dt1kU2a1b7NGNTIMy1Av9VAPEjGlWspuc6LYQZjNCanS_9wy2Pa1KXkoNgNtggB2zqklSsVySV2MqZB_ale2wVuwSLp5s2Dwx75mNfuNVVKI447Qa_s4EcakkQn6Y60-th1GrYJg3zn8XxHod-rHlQPw7AzGySr4fHQFYloNNoUNr/s72-c/images%20(2).jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-7754710683981475884</guid><pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2026 08:12:36 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-05T10:09:00.028+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">física</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">libros</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">naturaleza</category><title>Multiverso: física cuántica, cosmología y literatura</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55633421801/in/dateposted/&quot; title=&quot;Multiverso: física cuántica, cosmología y literatura&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Multiverso: física cuántica, cosmología y literatura&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55633421801_a5fdb2b726.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Revisamos -&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=Multiverso&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;otra vez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;- un concepto nada moderno, pero muy en boga actualmente: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluralismo_c%C3%B3smico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Mil mundos posibles en la larga historia del &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;multiverso&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(véase &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;otros posts nuestros de multiverso&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;. En 1584, un fraile dominico fugitivo publicó en Londres un diálogo que sostenía algo escandaloso: que no existe un solo mundo, sino infinitos, y que cada estrella es un sol con sus propios planetas. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giordano_Bruno&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Giordano Bruno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; murió en la hoguera en 1600. Su cosmología fue solo uno de los cargos entre muchos, pero la idea sobrevivió a quien la defendía. Cuatro siglos después, el multiverso ya no se discute en tribunales de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquisici%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Inquisición&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, sino en revistas de física, en laboratorios de computación cuántica y en las aulas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitU0h4lqM2prLQ9wqhc0jnb06VMLGJlPLphU3d2XsS381d0fz4z7ZtVegAN0fePrVqQ4Asvtst0fGwwIEnqNhLZM8sCuu8SWqekSpyj7T6e2AjYkuYBGNQdeTQj-l_XlBARzql-IPP39dTJkht_QTPK3Y29xt_SlIBF5km-WGsvICPr-S6KyZg/s1024/f07449dd-bd26-4646-8270-4029e5fa9366.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitU0h4lqM2prLQ9wqhc0jnb06VMLGJlPLphU3d2XsS381d0fz4z7ZtVegAN0fePrVqQ4Asvtst0fGwwIEnqNhLZM8sCuu8SWqekSpyj7T6e2AjYkuYBGNQdeTQj-l_XlBARzql-IPP39dTJkht_QTPK3Y29xt_SlIBF5km-WGsvICPr-S6KyZg/s320/f07449dd-bd26-4646-8270-4029e5fa9366.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomismo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Una idea más vieja que la ciencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;. &lt;/b&gt;Antes de Bruno, los atomistas griegos &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucipo_de_Mileto&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Leucipo&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dem%C3%B3crito&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Demócrito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; ya habían razonado que, si los átomos son infinitos y se mueven en un vacío sin límites, nada impide que se formen innumerables mundos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicuro&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Epicuro&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; lo heredó y lo convirtió en consuelo: la naturaleza no gasta su fecundidad en un único ejemplar. Frente a ellos, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_aristot%C3%A9lica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;la &lt;b&gt;tradición aristotélica defendió un cosmos único&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, finito y ordenado, que dominó el pensamiento europeo durante casi dos mil años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;La palabra «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;multiverso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;», en cambio, es reciente. Suele atribuirse a &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_James&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;William James&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que la empleó &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;en 1895 con un sentido moral y no cosmológico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, para decir que la experiencia humana es más variada de lo que cabe en un sistema único. Entre tanto, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Leibniz&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Leibniz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; había sugerido que nuestro mundo es el mejor de los posibles, lo que ya presupone un catálogo de mundos que no llegaron a existir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_de_la_f%C3%ADsica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La física entra en escena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. El salto decisivo llegó en 1957, cuando el joven &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Everett&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Hugh Everett III&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; propuso en su tesis doctoral que la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mec%C3%A1nica_cu%C3%A1ntica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;mecánica cuántica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; no necesita «colapsar» ante la medición: todos los resultados posibles ocurren, cada uno en una rama distinta de la realidad. Su idea fue ignorada durante años y rescatada después por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryce_DeWitt&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Bryce DeWitt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que la bautizó como interpretación de los muchos mundos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Un segundo camino surgió de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cosmología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. La &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflaci%C3%B3n_c%C3%B3smica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;teoría de la inflación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, formulada por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Guth&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Alan Guth&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; en 1980 y desarrollada por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9i_Linde&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Andrei Linde&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Vilenkin&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Alexander Vilenkin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, sugiere que el espacio pudo seguir expandiéndose de forma eterna, generando «burbujas» que serían universos con sus propias constantes físicas. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_de_cuerdas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La teoría de cuerdas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; añadió un tercer elemento, el «&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisaje_de_la_teor%C3%ADa_de_cuerdas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;paisaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;» de soluciones posibles, con cifras que se citan en torno a &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisaje_de_la_teor%C3%ADa_de_cuerdas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;10^500 configuraciones&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Tegmark&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Max Tegmark&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; ordenó todo esto en 2003 en una &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;jerarquía de cuatro niveles de multiverso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSvmHL4_1vziTZ5y8TqKHcDvQgfGBJfFKgJTKowsr9fjoR3ceeIqh8E3BXtaEaERwJnYS8F08GId_hZawzuAetrYIl1STD_kdIv2SyK2Mp1N01cDZzNGIHcNm-njzeHSCModu8hkE6cnOnj-w0l9tgp-YshCj11DhqK_hv0kmQjV8kSgC_WUQv/s1536/e910646f-537e-4549-858a-a39598f8d0b8.png&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1536&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1024&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSvmHL4_1vziTZ5y8TqKHcDvQgfGBJfFKgJTKowsr9fjoR3ceeIqh8E3BXtaEaERwJnYS8F08GId_hZawzuAetrYIl1STD_kdIv2SyK2Mp1N01cDZzNGIHcNm-njzeHSCModu8hkE6cnOnj-w0l9tgp-YshCj11DhqK_hv0kmQjV8kSgC_WUQv/s320/e910646f-537e-4549-858a-a39598f8d0b8.png&quot; width=&quot;213&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;XSq4R KI3fJ&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIICxAQ&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;wiLEJc#NS0kde&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_t&quot;&gt;&lt;div data-bfc=&quot;&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIICxAR&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; data-ved=&quot;2ahUKEwiat9TGrfCXAxVSgP0HHV5dG0cQi4wTegYIAggLEBE&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;eHDDzf#DtOdcb&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_u&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;Z1qcYe&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIICxAS&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;oSLmPe#HokZ0d&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_v&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;iNqyIf&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;KdQfFc#d5Qebf&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_w&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rQesXe MPyX&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;tP2kf#s32ZS&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_x&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nivel I (Regiones más allá del horizonte cósmico):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Zonas de nuestro mismo espacio infinito donde las leyes físicas son idénticas, pero la materia se distribuye de forma distinta, lo que genera copias e historias alternativas.&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div data-bfc=&quot;&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIICxAY&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; data-ved=&quot;2ahUKEwiat9TGrfCXAxVSgP0HHV5dG0cQi4wTegYIAggLEBg&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;eHDDzf#DtOdcb&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_13&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;Z1qcYe&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIICxAZ&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;oSLmPe#HokZ0d&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_14&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;iNqyIf&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;KdQfFc#d5Qebf&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_15&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rQesXe MPyX&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;tP2kf#s32ZS&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_16&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflaci%C3%B3n_c%C3%B3smica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nivel II (Universos burbuja por inflación caótica):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Espacios separados que nacieron de inflaciones cósmicas distintas, pudiendo tener constantes físicas o vacíos diferentes&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div data-bfc=&quot;&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIIGBAA&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; data-ved=&quot;2ahUKEwiat9TGrfCXAxVSgP0HHV5dG0cQi4wTegYIAggYEAA&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;eHDDzf#DtOdcb&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_2u&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;Z1qcYe&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIIGBAB&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;oSLmPe#HokZ0d&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_2v&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;iNqyIf&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;KdQfFc#d5Qebf&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_2w&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rQesXe MPyX&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;tP2kf#s32ZS&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_2x&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpretaci%C3%B3n_de_los_muchos_mundos&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nivel III (Multiverso cuántico o de muchos mundos):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Basado en la mecánica cuántica (Hugh Everett), donde cada decisión o superposición de partículas ramifica la realidad en múltiples caminos.&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div data-bfc=&quot;&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIIGBAG&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; data-ved=&quot;2ahUKEwiat9TGrfCXAxVSgP0HHV5dG0cQi4wTegYIAggYEAY&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;eHDDzf#DtOdcb&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_34&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;Z1qcYe&quot; data-hveid=&quot;CAIIGBAH&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;oSLmPe#HokZ0d&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_35&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px 0px 12px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;iNqyIf&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;KdQfFc#d5Qebf&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_36&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rQesXe MPyX&quot; data-sfc-cp=&quot;&quot; data-sfc-root=&quot;c&quot; jsaction=&quot;&quot; jscontroller=&quot;tP2kf#s32ZS&quot; jsuid=&quot;g36dNe_37&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10); font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nivel IV (Estructuras matemáticas):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Universos regidos por diferentes estructuras matemáticas que existen físicamente de manera independiente.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Conviene separar aquí hechos de hipótesis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsabilidad&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ninguna de estas variantes ha sido observada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Ellis&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;George Ellis&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Silk&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Joe Silk&lt;/a&gt; advirtieron en &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nature&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; en 2014&lt;/b&gt; del riesgo de aceptar teorías que no pueden refutarse con experimentos, y esa es la objeción de fondo: una explicación que lo abarca todo corre el peligro de no explicar nada. Otros físicos replican que el método científico siempre ha ampliado sus fronteras cuando la teoría lo exigía. El debate sigue abierto, y lo honesto es presentarlo así.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverso_en_la_ficci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Mundos que la literatura ya había visitado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Mientras la física dudaba, la literatura se adelantó. En 1941, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Jorge Luis Borges&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; imaginó en «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_jard%C3%ADn_de_senderos_que_se_bifurcan&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;» un tiempo que se ramifica en futuros que no se anulan entre sí. Décadas más tarde, el filósofo &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lewis&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;David Lewis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; defendió en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Plurality_of_Worlds&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;On the Plurality of Worlds&lt;/em&gt; (1986&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;) que los mundos posibles no son meras ficciones lógicas, sino realidades tan concretas como la nuestra, una tesis que casi nadie comparte y que casi todos han tenido que discutir.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivdMWdZicMINrHJm-Sgb42m17lOKGHmEo-NbL1Q0xBe5dIVcMOYLlvwgwqSnaImR0860eA2rZ-Fel3d7xzz6LVYAFM5dYawoA8y5yjwNDAI5IVBexMLo3-BuUZDFIA6q-ku8fg2F8d1KXdjGAKZz_2HFQe-HvKZwzEmgq361azvYhZ0_MZBYb5/s547/images.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;547&quot; data-original-width=&quot;365&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivdMWdZicMINrHJm-Sgb42m17lOKGHmEo-NbL1Q0xBe5dIVcMOYLlvwgwqSnaImR0860eA2rZ-Fel3d7xzz6LVYAFM5dYawoA8y5yjwNDAI5IVBexMLo3-BuUZDFIA6q-ku8fg2F8d1KXdjGAKZz_2HFQe-HvKZwzEmgq361azvYhZ0_MZBYb5/s320/images.jpg&quot; width=&quot;214&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;También la tecnología se ha apropiado de la imagen. Algunos defensores de la interpretación de Everett, como &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Deutsch&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;David Deutsch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, ven en la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computaci%C3%B3n_cu%C3%A1ntica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;computación cuántica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; un indicio a favor de los muchos mundos, aunque otros físicos sostienen que los mismos resultados se explican igual de bien sin ramas. Un ordenador cuántico funciona, y esa es la parte comprobada; qué significa que funcione es... filosofía.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Lo que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el multiverso enseña en el aula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Quizá el mayor valor educativo del multiverso no esté en su verdad, sino en el tipo de pensamiento que exige. Para discutirlo hay que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;distinguir entre lo observado, lo calculado y lo imaginado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;; hay que preguntarse qué evidencia haría cambiar de opinión; y hay que pensar en términos contrafactuales, el «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_contrafactual&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;¿qué habría pasado si…?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;» con el que los buenos profesores de historia, de ciencias y de literatura despiertan la curiosidad. Un alumno que aprende a sostener una hipótesis sin confundirla con un hecho ha aprendido algo más útil que cualquier cifra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divulgaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Una propuesta para los próximos años&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Es una maravilla cuando la física se parece a la literatura. Si la historia del multiverso es la de una pregunta que se niega a cerrarse, merece la pena mantenerla viva.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Lectura:&lt;/strong&gt; leer en los próximos doce meses una obra de divulgación (&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Tegmark&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tegmark&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Deutsch&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Deutsch&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Greene&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Greene&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;) y un relato de Borges, y contrastarlos. &lt;strong&gt;Escritura:&lt;/strong&gt; a dos años vista, escribir cada trimestre un texto breve sobre un «mundo posible» de la propia vida o del propio pueblo. &lt;strong&gt;Voluntariado:&lt;/strong&gt; a cinco años, colaborar en una biblioteca, aula o asociación científica local para organizar un ciclo anual de charlas de divulgación. &lt;strong&gt;Evaluación:&lt;/strong&gt; anotar cada año lecturas completadas, textos publicados y asistentes a las charlas, y revisar a los diez años si la curiosidad compartida ha crecido o solo la propia.&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;En 1584, Giordano Bruno afirmó que existen infinitos mundos. Murió en la hoguera. Hoy la física discute si el multiverso es ciencia o especulación: Everett, la inflación eterna, la teoría de cuerdas… y la objeción de que quizá no pueda comprobarse nunca. https://t.co/ioYxbyGc2z Un recorrido de la filosofía antigua a la computación cuántica, con Borges de guía y una pregunta para el aula: ¿cómo se piensa una hipótesis sin confundirla con un hecho? Lo cuento en el blog. #multiverso #divulgación

1584an, Giordano Brunok mundu infinituak daudela esan zuen. Sutan hil zuten. Gaur egun, fisikariek eztabaidatzen dute multibertsoa zientzia den ala espekulazioa: Everett, betiereko inflazioa, harien teoria… eta inoiz egiaztatu ezin daitekeela dioen kritika. Antzinateko filosofiatik konputazio kuantikora egindako bidaia, Borges gidari, eta galdera bat ikasgelarako: nola pentsatu hipotesi bat egitatearekin nahastu gabe? Blogean kontatzen dut. #multibertsoa #dibulgazioa

In 1584, Giordano Bruno claimed there are infinite worlds. He was burned at the stake. Today physicists still argue over whether the multiverse is science or speculation: Everett, eternal inflation, string theory, and the charge that it may never be testable. A journey from ancient philosophy to quantum computing, with Borges as guide and one question for the classroom: how do you hold a hypothesis without mistaking it for a fact? Now on the blog. #multiverse #science

En 1584, Giordano Bruno affirmait qu&#39;il existe une infinité de mondes. Il a fini sur le bûcher. Aujourd&#39;hui, les physiciens se demandent si le multivers relève de la science ou de la spéculation : Everett, l&#39;inflation éternelle, la théorie des cordes… et la critique selon laquelle on ne pourra peut-être jamais le tester. Un voyage de la philosophie antique à l&#39;informatique quantique, avec Borges pour guide, et une question pour la classe : comment tenir une hypothèse sans la prendre pour un fait ? Sur le blog. #multivers #science&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2118256562468720802?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 5, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/multiverso-fisica-cuantica-cosmologia-y.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitU0h4lqM2prLQ9wqhc0jnb06VMLGJlPLphU3d2XsS381d0fz4z7ZtVegAN0fePrVqQ4Asvtst0fGwwIEnqNhLZM8sCuu8SWqekSpyj7T6e2AjYkuYBGNQdeTQj-l_XlBARzql-IPP39dTJkht_QTPK3Y29xt_SlIBF5km-WGsvICPr-S6KyZg/s72-c/f07449dd-bd26-4646-8270-4029e5fa9366.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-6149539271441955257</guid><pubDate>Wed, 04 Nov 2026 09:52:10 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-04T11:18:48.845+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">felicidad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">microblogging</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">solidaridad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ternura</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">TikTok</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ética</category><title>Hopecore, la rebelión del optimismo en las redes sociales</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55631649669/in/dateposted/&quot; title=&quot;Hopecore, la rebelión del optimismo en las redes sociales&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Hopecore, la rebelión del optimismo en las redes sociales&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55631649669_6eac3c0dd9.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hoy un rayo de ilusión que cruza el mundo virtual:&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elpais.com.uy/que-pasa/hopecore-de-que-se-trata-la-estetica-optimista-que-emociona-a-miles-de-jovenes-en-redes-sociales&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Hopecore, esas pequeñas dosis de esperanza contra el ruido de las redes.&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Qué ocurre cuando, entre la avalancha de noticias malas, aparece un vídeo de diez segundos en el que un desconocido se reencuentra con su perro, un anciano baila con su nieta o unos vecinos aplauden a quien acaba de terminar un tratamiento? Que nos detenemos. Esa pausa es, en esencia, el &lt;b&gt;hopecore&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm7euvXnc3fHWa-ZF_4d2zJEUI_Hde0UTYgJhSjKKvOyqtDPu_vrnu9tSJ4a08oOqkDI1ZDbGke1hp-yNPSugVC8f1NNvz-HkOzNmeb9blH8oUJaorqhp5O8RkPU4zykySNxNQc0w69mQOOM3p6G-KrxVIvC1TkfPN1jDQKgMLWQaf4zdqZR1l/s2244/55628132627_83ec31ab19_o.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2244&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1459&quot; height=&quot;243&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm7euvXnc3fHWa-ZF_4d2zJEUI_Hde0UTYgJhSjKKvOyqtDPu_vrnu9tSJ4a08oOqkDI1ZDbGke1hp-yNPSugVC8f1NNvz-HkOzNmeb9blH8oUJaorqhp5O8RkPU4zykySNxNQc0w69mQOOM3p6G-KrxVIvC1TkfPN1jDQKgMLWQaf4zdqZR1l/w158-h243/55628132627_83ec31ab19_o.jpg&quot; width=&quot;158&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;El término une las palabras inglesas &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanza&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;hope&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (esperanza) y &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufijo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;core&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (núcleo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, y también sufijo estético, como en &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottagecore&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cottagecore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;). Designa una tendencia en TikTok, Instagram y X que consiste en compartir clips breves y emotivos para contrarrestar la negatividad diaria de internet: superaciones, gestos de bondad, reencuentros, paisajes en calma, casi siempre con una música que subraya la emoción. Suele situarse su auge en los años posteriores a la pandemia, cuando el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomscrolling&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;doomscrolling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, el desplazamiento compulsivo por contenidos negativos, ya tenía nombre propio.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Conviene entender qué es y qué no es. El &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.elpais.com.uy/que-pasa/hopecore-de-que-se-trata-la-estetica-optimista-que-emociona-a-miles-de-jovenes-en-redes-sociales&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;hopecore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; no es optimismo ingenuo ni propaganda de la felicidad. Muchos de sus vídeos nacen del dolor: alguien que cuenta cómo salió de una depresión, un duelo compartido, un barrio que se reconstruye. Lo que propone es un contrapeso. Si los algoritmos premian la indignación porque retiene atención, ¿por qué no ensayar que premien también el consuelo?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Tiene, claro, sus riesgos. Una emoción empaquetada en 15 segundos puede convertirse en mercancía, y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/ternura&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;la ternura (posts muy dedicados desde hace años&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;, en estrategia para ganar seguidores. Hay quien denuncia que algunos vídeos están escenificados o descontextualizados, y quien teme que el &quot;buen rollo&quot; adormezca la mirada crítica. Son objeciones serias y merecen respuesta: verificar el origen de lo que compartimos es tan necesario aquí como en cualquier otro terreno.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El hopecore, en su mejor versión, es eso: narración breve que ayuda a sostenernos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En última instancia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;24&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;hopecore&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; no supone la erradicación del cinismo digital ni la transformación de las estructuras corporativas que gobiernan la red.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; Es,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; en cambio,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; un &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malestar&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;síntoma revelador del malestar de época&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y de la perseverancia de la sensibilidad humana en entornos altamente tecnificados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu46pLjfqnPJF3D_UH44aqM5FLg6tONPVHSxHzbptaBg6ZDSmy3A6Plad5zhAqB2APSEewC852409u6XOVhD-7uF5_3tx4xWLnF-1AcQ8_KleWSRV46WWLDEyLopPn6TBMJMFNhKasH8Xuo36JXav-BaqwZanQXpQi8f2_hqeriYJISQ14ZrtP/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_20tfo820tfo820tf.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2752&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu46pLjfqnPJF3D_UH44aqM5FLg6tONPVHSxHzbptaBg6ZDSmy3A6Plad5zhAqB2APSEewC852409u6XOVhD-7uF5_3tx4xWLnF-1AcQ8_KleWSRV46WWLDEyLopPn6TBMJMFNhKasH8Xuo36JXav-BaqwZanQXpQi8f2_hqeriYJISQ14ZrtP/s320/Gemini_Generated_Image_20tfo820tfo820tf.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; Muestra que,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; incluso en plataformas optimizadas para el conflicto y la polarización,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; los usuarios buscan grietas por las cuales reintroducir el asombro,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; el consuelo y la dignidad compartida.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; La vigencia del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;503&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;hopecore&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; nos recuerda que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanza&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;la esperanza,&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuidad&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;lejos de ser un mero candor ingenuo,&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ética&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;puede articularse como una exigencia ética&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; imprescindible para habitar el presente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Proponemos una prueba sencilla de esta&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ingenuidad digital o antídoto contra el &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;doomscrolling&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;: fijarnos en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bienestar&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cómo nos sentimos al cerrar la aplicación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Si salimos más serenos y con ganas de hacer algo, el contenido cumple. Si salimos con la sensación de haber consumido una emoción ajena sin más, conviene cambiar la dieta. Recomendamos tres hábitos: elegir con cuidado a quién seguimos, comprobar la procedencia de lo que compartimos y convertir la emoción en un gesto concreto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activismo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Para pasar a la acción &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;con este&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;consuelo en lugar de la indignación&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;(lectura, escritura y voluntariado), con objetivos y evaluación:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corto_plazo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;A 2 años:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; leer un libro al mes que alimente la esperanza razonada, escribir una nota breve cada semana sobre un gesto bueno que hayamos visto o hecho, y dedicar dos horas mensuales a una causa local. Evaluación: un registro trimestral con tres líneas de balance.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Largo_plazo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;A 10 años:&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; mantener el hábito, haber contado al menos cien historias de esperanza y haber sumado a diez personas más. Evaluación: relectura anual del cuaderno y revisión de qué cambió en nuestro entorno.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Lo has probado?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Qué es el #hopecore? Una tendencia en TikTok, Instagram y X: vídeos breves y emotivos para contrarrestar la negatividad de internet. https://t.co/pHCGFWJr3X No es optimismo ingenuo: muchos nacen del dolor. Sus riesgos: emoción convertida en mercancía y vídeos descontextualizados. Nuestra prueba: ¿cómo te sientes al cerrar la app? Si sales sereno y con ganas de actuar, cumple. Si no, cambia la dieta. Tres hábitos: elegir a quién sigues, verificar lo que compartes y convertir la emoción en un gesto. ¿Lo has probado?

What is hopecore? A trend on TikTok, Instagram and X: short, emotional videos meant to counter the daily negativity of the internet. It isn&#39;t naive optimism: many clips come from pain. The risks: emotion turned into a commodity, and videos stripped of context. Our test: how do you feel when you close the app? Calmer and ready to act? Then it works. If not, change your feed. Three habits: choose who you follow, verify what you share, and turn emotion into one real gesture. Have you tried it?

Zer da hopecore? TikTok, Instagram eta X-en hedatzen ari den joera: bideo labur eta hunkigarriak, interneteko negatibotasunari kontrapisua jartzeko. Ez da baikortasun ergela: bideo asko minetik sortzen dira. Arriskuak ere badira: emozioa salgai bihurtzea eta testuingurutik atera diren bideoak. Gure proba: nola sentitzen zara aplikazioa ixterakoan? Lasai eta ekiteko gogoz? Orduan balio du. Hiru ohitura: aukeratu nori jarraitu, egiaztatu partekatzen duzuna eta emozioa ekintza bihurtu. Probatu duzu?

Qu&#39;est-ce que le hopecore ? Une tendance sur TikTok, Instagram et X : de courtes vidéos émouvantes pour contrer la négativité quotidienne d&#39;internet. Ce n&#39;est pas un optimisme naïf : beaucoup naissent de la douleur. Les risques : l&#39;émotion érigée en marchandise et les vidéos sorties de leur contexte. Notre test : comment vous sentez-vous en fermant l&#39;appli ? Apaisé et prêt à agir ? Alors elle remplit son rôle. Sinon, changez de menu. Trois habitudes : choisir qui l&#39;on suit, vérifier ce que l&#39;on partage, transformer l&#39;émotion en geste. Vous avez essayé ?&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2117920889849127357?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 4, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;https://platform.x.com/widgets.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://vm.tiktok.com/ZN8ypuSqS/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Un ejemplo de hopecore en China.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
  
  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/hopecore-la-rebelion-del-optimismo-en.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgm7euvXnc3fHWa-ZF_4d2zJEUI_Hde0UTYgJhSjKKvOyqtDPu_vrnu9tSJ4a08oOqkDI1ZDbGke1hp-yNPSugVC8f1NNvz-HkOzNmeb9blH8oUJaorqhp5O8RkPU4zykySNxNQc0w69mQOOM3p6G-KrxVIvC1TkfPN1jDQKgMLWQaf4zdqZR1l/s72-w158-h243-c/55628132627_83ec31ab19_o.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-1728737845144649049</guid><pubDate>Tue, 03 Nov 2026 12:45:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-03T13:51:31.043+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">bilbao</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">euskadi</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Universidad</category><title>Universidad Autónoma de Bilbao: 12 años de la UPV/EHU</title><description>&lt;center&gt; &lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55629610654/in/photostream/&quot; title=&quot;Universidad Autónoma de Bilbao: antesala 12 años de la UPV/EHU&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Universidad Autónoma de Bilbao: antesala 12 años de la UPV/EHU&quot; height=&quot;398&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55629610654_f9fc036bcd.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El día pasado tuve que insistir para que alguien más joven reconociese la existencia de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehu.eus/es/ehu-antecedentes-historicos&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Universidad de Bilbao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y que mi primer título de Licenciado en Ciencias Físicas era de tal universidad (foto inicial y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55629639834/in/dateposted/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;con más detalle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;). Los siguientes títulos ya sí eran de la Universidad del País Vasco (&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55629522136/in/dateposted/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;foto del Máster en Museología&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Esta es la historia de esa universidad que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco&quot;&gt;duró doce años, de 1968 a 1980&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y que quienes nos licenciamos en ella llevamos todavía en el título y en la memoria.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cuando &lt;b&gt;Bilbao empezó a tener universidad pública, en octubre de 1968&lt;/b&gt;, treinta profesores y quinientos estudiantes de Medicina y Ciencias se instalaron provisionalmente en la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;provisional&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;sede de la anterior&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;Escuela de Náutica de Botica Vieja&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, junto al &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;puente de Deusto&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. No había campus, ni cafetería universitaria, ni un solo bloque de hormigón en Leioa. Había aulas prestadas, ganas y una paradoja: se llamaba Universidad de Bilbao, la gente la conocía como Universidad Autónoma de Bilbao y, sin embargo, su autonomía consistía sobre todo en carecer de algo, un distrito universitario propio.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0np510tplS5Sj-YKYkguQBjEyJDcJceCf8q7CEy7cG5XcLEdD_TxxWRbLAoPpDt67HK-4RIlVcuO25EYbnDmkpq2265Q9nYuTKBSxy42YBlidAWkCndDP5I0ndiTMHFoUigmzvwzfnz84DXr8jdIsnjcW9WrCpT3bzykFUiC1B5w5JSkHwUCU/s494/Dvm_mDPWkAE0dDyyyyuyu.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;494&quot; data-original-width=&quot;371&quot; height=&quot;288&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0np510tplS5Sj-YKYkguQBjEyJDcJceCf8q7CEy7cG5XcLEdD_TxxWRbLAoPpDt67HK-4RIlVcuO25EYbnDmkpq2265Q9nYuTKBSxy42YBlidAWkCndDP5I0ndiTMHFoUigmzvwzfnz84DXr8jdIsnjcW9WrCpT3bzykFUiC1B5w5JSkHwUCU/w216-h288/Dvm_mDPWkAE0dDyyyyuyu.jpg&quot; width=&quot;216&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El primer rector de la Universidad de Bilbao fue &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Echevarr%C3%ADa_Gangoiti&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Juan Echevarría Gangoiti&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, nombrado en 1968 y siendo previ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;amente decano de la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas, Económicas y Empresariales de Sarriko. De su extenso compromiso con el País Vasco, cabe destacar que fue&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #0f1419; text-align: start; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;el encargado de llevar en avioneta urgentemente el texto del &lt;b&gt;Estatuto de Gernika&lt;/b&gt; al registro del Congreso en 1978, por lo cual el de Gernika fue el primero en aprobarse.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Pedían una facultad y reci&lt;/span&gt;bieron una universidad&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La ciudad llevaba tiempo reclamando una Facultad de Medicina oficial. Bilbao era un gran núcleo industrial, con una población que crecía a golpe de fábrica, y su única enseñanza superior pública era la Facultad de Económicas de Sarriko, abierta en 1955 y dependiente entonces del distrito universitario de Valladolid. Ayuntamiento, Diputación y colegios profesionales insistieron. La respuesta del Estado fue más grande de lo pedido: una universidad entera. La propia historiografía de la UPV/EHU habla de una sorpresa.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Detrás había un cálculo de política educativa. Los &lt;b&gt;Planes de Desarrollo del tardofranquismo&lt;/b&gt; habían detectado que las viejas universidades no podían absorber a las nuevas generaciones urbanas, y el Gobierno optó por &lt;b&gt;crear instituciones nuevas, rápidas y baratas&lt;/b&gt;, en lugar de reformar las antiguas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1968-650&quot;&gt;Tres universidades autónomas en un mismo decreto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Bilbao no estuvo sola. El Consejo de Ministros aprobó el 22 de mayo de 1968 el proyecto, y el Decreto-ley 5/1968, de 6 de junio, publicado en el BOE del día siguiente, alumbró a la vez las universidades autónomas de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehu.eus/es/web/idazkaritza-nagusia/fondo-mailako-isad-g-deskribapena&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Bilbao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_de_Madrid&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Madrid&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; y &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_de_Barcelona&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Barcelona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. La coincidencia con &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo_de_1968_en_Francia&quot;&gt;el mayo francés del 68&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; es tentadora, y el profesor &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;Paulí Dávila&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Paulí Dávila ha escrito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; que, para los universitarios vascos, su mayo del 68 fue la creación de la Universidad de Bilbao, en un mes gris, del color con que vestía la policía de entonces. Conviene no confundir los planos: la iniciativa era ministerial, no estudiantil, aunque no tardaría en llenarse de estudiantes inquietos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/fondoDetail.htm?id=1791654&quot;&gt;adjetivo «autónoma»&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; engaña al lector moderno. Un decreto del 17 de julio de 1968 aclaró que significaba, ante todo, que la nueva universidad &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://censoarchivos.cultura.gob.es/CensoGuia/fondoDetail.htm?id=1791654&quot;&gt;no tendría distrito propio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Era una autonomía administrativa, no política. La UAM empezó a dar clase el 25 de octubre de aquel año en edificios prestados y adaptados a toda prisa, y la de Bilbao, como se ha visto, ya lo había hecho el 1 de octubre del 68.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Los centros: de Sarriko a Leioa&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Al nacer, la Universidad de Bilbao integraba la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas, Económicas y Comerciales de Sarriko, la nueva Facultad de Medicina y, añadida en agosto casi de rebote aprovechando que el primer curso de Medicina era común con Ciencias, una &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehu.eus/es/web/bizkaia/historia-del-campus/presentacion&quot;&gt;Facultad de Ciencias.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Ese trío lo cuentan los archivos de la propia universidad. Hubo además un hecho curioso: el mismo decreto-ley preveía una facultad en San Sebastián, que se concretó en Derecho, aunque adscrita todavía a Valladolid.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Medicina se repartió por la ciudad. Los tres primeros cursos, los preclínicos, se daban en la sede provisional de Deusto; a partir de 1969 los clínicos se trasladaron a la Unidad Docente del Hospital de Basurto. En 1972 la Facultad aparece ya en el área de Leioa-Erandio, donde el Ministerio quería situar las universidades autónomas: lejos de los núcleos urbanos y con edificios baratos y de construcción rápida. Así nació el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leioa-Erandioko_unibertsitate_gunea&quot;&gt;campus de Sarriena&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, a once kilómetros del centro, que sigue siendo la sede del rectorado. Más tarde llegaron la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería de Leioa (1978), la Escuela de Estomatología (1978) y la Unidad Docente de Txagorritxu (1979).&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAhNQzuw4dI39GVMYWIq8aKFvQwpGAEvRsmfyPg9gOBaWq3sSWdQ0xHcwf7xgELRtnUJarYU4w_YaSuy8P_ZnmCAJXaFVGsCU_kG8mLlP6IuUVn8xE761vXOLa1Wcg9L8HvNux5E2La6vqshydJ_-dMM1EDFuZUI7-xT5p0muZYbFU_6tkbxv/s2304/Gemini_Generated_Image_dsmgpddsmgpddsmg.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2304&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1856&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkAhNQzuw4dI39GVMYWIq8aKFvQwpGAEvRsmfyPg9gOBaWq3sSWdQ0xHcwf7xgELRtnUJarYU4w_YaSuy8P_ZnmCAJXaFVGsCU_kG8mLlP6IuUVn8xE761vXOLa1Wcg9L8HvNux5E2La6vqshydJ_-dMM1EDFuZUI7-xT5p0muZYbFU_6tkbxv/w225-h279/Gemini_Generated_Image_dsmgpddsmgpddsmg.jpg&quot; width=&quot;225&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco&quot;&gt;1975, un año de licenciaturas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay una aritmética sencilla que explica por qué aquella universidad empezó a «dar» licenciados a mediados de los setenta. Con seis cursos de Medicina, quienes entraron en 1968 podían terminar hacia 1974, y las promociones siguientes, la de 1975 entre ellas, fueron las primeras numerosas. Esto es un cálculo mío, no una cifra oficial: no he encontrado un recuento publicado de licenciados por año, y quien lo tenga merecería ver su dato en esta página. Para entonces la matrícula se había disparado: de unos 3.000 estudiantes en 1968 a unos 15.000 en 1976. Los hijos e hijas de las clases medias y trabajadoras entraban en una universidad que no estaba preparada para recibirlos, con aulas masificadas, profesorado joven y precario, y un año, 1975, que terminó con la muerte del dictador y con la sensación de que algo se abría.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quienes recogimos entonces el título nos fuimos con una cosa curiosa, y es que el papel decía «&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco&quot;&gt;Universidad de Bilbao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;», una institución que cinco años después ya no existiría con ese nombre.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Del distrito a la universidad del país&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La reivindicación de una universidad propia no era nueva. Se hablaba de la antigua &lt;b&gt;Universidad de Oñati&lt;/b&gt; como antecedente remoto, de un proyecto de &lt;b&gt;Universidad Vasco-Navarra presentado en 1866 &lt;/b&gt;por la Diputación de Navarra, y de una &lt;b&gt;Universidad Vasca&lt;/b&gt; de efímera existencia, decretada por el Gobierno vasco en octubre de 1936 y con una Facultad de Medicina inaugurada el 1 de diciembre de aquel año, en plena guerra. El hilo reaparece en 1977, cuando a la Universidad de Bilbao se suman los centros universitarios de Álava y Gipuzkoa, y se consolida tras el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_de_Autonom%C3%ADa_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco_de_1979&quot;&gt;Estatuto de Autonomía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, de diciembre de 1979. El 25 de febrero de 1980, el Ministerio autorizó el cambio de denominación: nacía la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_del_Pa%C3%ADs_Vasco&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, que hoy se reparte en tres campus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La lección histórica tiene &lt;b&gt;una ironía agradable&lt;/b&gt;. Un Estado que quería descongestionar universidades antiguas terminó sembrando, casi sin querer, la semilla de la universidad pública de todo un país.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Qué podemos hacer con esta memoria&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una historia así se pierde si nadie la cuenta. Propongo un plan a diez años con tres frentes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En lectura, dedicar los dos primeros años a leer las fuentes de la propia UPV/EHU, empezando por el artículo de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehu.eus/es/web/campusa/-/cathedra-pauli-davila&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Paulí Dávila&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; y los fondos del&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehu.eus/es/web/idazkaritza-nagusia/fondo-mailako-isad-g-deskribapena&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Archivo General&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, y organizar un pequeño círculo de lectura con tres o cuatro personas de la misma promoción. En escritura, recoger entre 2027 y 2030 al menos cien testimonios breves de quienes estudiaron entre 1968 y 1980, con una ficha común (facultad, sede, profesores, cómo se vivía el curso), y depositarlos en un repositorio abierto. En voluntariado, ofrecerse hacia 2030 al Museo de la Educación de la UPV/EHU o a las asociaciones de antiguos alumnos para digitalizar fotografías, apuntes y carnés.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Se evalúa con tres indicadores sencillos: testimonios archivados cada año, personas distintas que participan, y consultas o citas que reciba el repositorio al cabo de cinco y diez años. Si en 2036 hay cuatrocientos testimonios y una exposición itinerante, la universidad habrá recuperado su propia infancia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Pidieron una Facultad de Medicina y el Estado les dio una universidad entera. En 1968 nacieron el mismo día las autónomas de Madrid, Barcelona y Bilbao. https://t.co/YpH7OG9Ex1 La nuestra duró doce años con ese nombre, empezó en una Escuela de Náutica junto al puente de Deusto y terminó llamándose UPV/EHU. Quienes nos licenciamos entonces llevamos un título de una universidad que ya no existe. Repaso su historia, sus centros y una propuesta para recuperar su memoria con testimonios: 

Medikuntza fakultate bat eskatu zuten, eta Estatuak unibertsitate oso bat eman zien. 1968an, egun berean sortu ziren Madrilgo, Bartzelonako eta Bilboko unibertsitate autonomoak. Gurea hamabi urtez izan zen Bilboko Unibertsitatea: Deustuko zubiaren ondoko Nautika Eskolan hasi zen, eta EHU izatera iritsi zen. Garai hartan lizentziatu ginenok jada existitzen ez den unibertsitate baten titulua dugu. Haren historia eta oroimena berreskuratzeko proposamena: 

Bilbao asked for a medical school and Spain handed it a whole university. In 1968, the autonomous universities of Madrid, Barcelona and Bilbao were created by the same decree-law. Ours lasted twelve years under that name, began in a former nautical school by the Deusto bridge, and became today&#39;s UPV/EHU. Those of us who graduated then hold a degree from a university that no longer exists. Its story, its faculties, and a plan to rescue its memory:

Bilbao réclamait une faculté de médecine, l&#39;État lui a donné une université entière. En 1968, les universités autonomes de Madrid, Barcelone et Bilbao naissent du même décret-loi. La nôtre a porté ce nom douze ans, a démarré dans une ancienne école de navigation près du pont de Deusto, avant de devenir l&#39;UPV/EHU. Nous qui y avons été diplômés détenons le titre d&#39;une université qui n&#39;existe plus. Son histoire, ses facultés, et un projet pour en préserver la mémoire :&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2117599401518432756?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 3, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/universidad-autonoma-de-bilbao-antesala.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0np510tplS5Sj-YKYkguQBjEyJDcJceCf8q7CEy7cG5XcLEdD_TxxWRbLAoPpDt67HK-4RIlVcuO25EYbnDmkpq2265Q9nYuTKBSxy42YBlidAWkCndDP5I0ndiTMHFoUigmzvwzfnz84DXr8jdIsnjcW9WrCpT3bzykFUiC1B5w5JSkHwUCU/s72-w216-h288-c/Dvm_mDPWkAE0dDyyyyuyu.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>2</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-1708522946221455257</guid><pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2026 17:40:50 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-02T18:47:18.127+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">arquitectura</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">leire</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">millones</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Navarra</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">turismo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>Monasterio de Leire, la visita que debíamos desde 1983</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/1s01m4g5ZlI?si=QoIt9OSS08DGuQF0&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;center style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt;Hoy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;alcanzamos &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/millones&quot; style=&quot;color: #0058cd; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;26 millones de visitas a las12 horas&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;del mediodía&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55627154024/in/photostream/&quot; style=&quot;color: #0058cd; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;foto&lt;/a&gt;) &lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt;en apenas 6 días desde&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444;&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/migraciones-animales-records-rutas-y.html&quot; style=&quot;color: #0058cd; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el anterior 25º millón&lt;/a&gt;. Es tiempo de cumplir una promesa.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;Ya e&lt;/span&gt;stamos programando para este mes de noviembre de 2026 una visita por Navarra, donde hemos estado y pernoctado muchas veces, con un lugar pendiente muy especial. &lt;span&gt;Esta es una&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;guía improvisada para una visita demorada ya 43 años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;center style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;center style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Nuestra primera hija se llama &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/leire&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Leire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;. Nació en 1983 y desde entonces teníamos pendiente una visita que cualquiera daría por obvia: conocer el monasterio que le da nombre. Han pasado cuarenta y tres años. Ella sí ha estado, con su familia y con sus hijos. Nosotros, todavía no. Prometemos &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;b&gt;un álbum de imágenes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; en menos de un mes,...&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Cómo se explica? Quizá como se explican casi todas las cosas cercanas: «ya iremos el mes o el año que viene». Lo próximo siempre espera, y lo lejano se planifica con meses de antelación. Conviene confesarlo con humildad, porque de ahí nace esta guía.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYClzuE3XwUD0weZRPrSntNwxCayT0iRK354jyzlUqPUEA4DCjREuE9EETwkMcDccoLUzmpo9ZuurVZolIgSONI2trUu_qhs5FdjglQBo9yQGSGT1WA8kUkqL4yakOy1JXZI9UqoAA14XNCSug17gofelP_gWdDh5emoHuEnaTC3uT6KCjvrXK/s1024/556faf44-b21c-4817-8a6f-0b9f098076c5.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYClzuE3XwUD0weZRPrSntNwxCayT0iRK354jyzlUqPUEA4DCjREuE9EETwkMcDccoLUzmpo9ZuurVZolIgSONI2trUu_qhs5FdjglQBo9yQGSGT1WA8kUkqL4yakOy1JXZI9UqoAA14XNCSug17gofelP_gWdDh5emoHuEnaTC3uT6KCjvrXK/s320/556faf44-b21c-4817-8a6f-0b9f098076c5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El monasterio de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio_de_Leyre&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;San Salvador de Leire&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yesa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Yesa&lt;/a&gt;, Navarra)&lt;/b&gt; se alza en la falda de la sierra del mismo nombre, con el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embalse_de_Yesa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;embalse de Yesa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; a sus pies. Las primeras noticias fiables lo sitúan en el siglo IX, con una visita de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulogio_de_C%C3%B3rdoba&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;san Eulogio de Córdoba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; hacia el año 848. Durante siglos fue panteón de los primeros reyes pamploneses y centro espiritual del reino naciente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Lo primero que pensamos hacer es empezar por la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio_de_Leyre#Cripta&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cripta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, del siglo XI, la parte más antigua del conjunto. Sus bóvedas bajísimas descansan sobre columnas gruesas y capiteles toscos, y aguantan en pie desde hace casi mil años. Es arquitectura de supervivencia: sostener un templo entero sobre la roca y hacerlo con modestia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Arriba espera la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio_de_Leyre#Iglesia_rom%C3%A1nica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;iglesia románica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, consagrada en 1098, con tres ábsides esbeltos y una nave de austeridad cisterciense. Los &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_del_C%C3%ADster&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cistercienses &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;llegaron en 1236. Después, la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio_de_Leyre#Porta_Speciosa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Porta Speciosa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, la portada occidental del siglo XII, con sus arquivoltas pobladas de figuras. Es el contrapunto exacto de la cripta: aquí la piedra se ha vuelto narración.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La historia posterior tiene su dramatismo. La &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desamortizaci%C3%B3n_espa%C3%B1ola&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;desamortización de Mendizábal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (1835-1836) vació el monasterio y lo dejó en ruina durante más de un siglo. Los &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_de_San_Benito&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;benedictinos &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;volvieron en 1954, procedentes de Silos, y desde entonces la comunidad mantiene viva la liturgia con canto gregoriano. Si el calendario lo permite, intentaremos coincidir con algún oficio. Escuchar ese canto bajo bóvedas del siglo XI no es una actividad turística, es otra manera de estar en un lugar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Unamuno llamó &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrahistoria&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;intrahistoria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; a la vida callada de quienes sostienen un país sin salir en los libros. Leire es un buen sitio para entender la palabra, y también nuestra propia familia lo es: un nombre elegido en 1983, una hija que lo ha paseado después con sus hijos, unos padres que llegan los últimos. Es una intrahistoria pequeña, pero nuestra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Para quien quiera organizarse, se llega con facilidad desde Pamplona (unos 50 km) por la carretera de Yesa, y hay hospedería en el propio monasterio. Horarios, precios y días de cierre cambian con la temporada, así que conviene confirmarlos antes en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.monasteriodeleyre.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;web oficial [www.monasteriodeleyre.com]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Nuestro plan es llegar temprano, bajar a la cripta y dejar para el final el mirador, con el pantano a un lado y la sierra al otro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Recomendamos este tipo de visitas a quien tenga un lugar cercano esperando desde hace años. ¿Cuál es el tuyo? Nosotros ya tenemos fecha, y Leire, la nuestra, sabrá guiarnos mejor que cualquier folleto. Eskerrik asko, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leire&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Leire&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llamada_a_la_acci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Llamada a la acción.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Proponemos elegir este año un lugar cercano que llevemos tiempo aplazando y visitarlo, mejor en compañía de quien ya lo conoce, para escuchar su versión. Objetivo a 2 años: cuatro de esas visitas, con crónica breve en el blog. A 5 años: una pequeña ruta familiar de «lugares pendientes» de Euskal Herria y Navarra. A 10 años: un álbum comentado, con fotografías y fechas, que puedan heredar hijos y nietos. Evaluación: revisión anual de visitas hechas, crónicas publicadas y lectores que cuenten la suya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Nuestra primera hija se llama Leire y nació en 1983. Teníamos pendiente visitar el monasterio que le da nombre. Ella ya fue con su familia y sus hijos; nosotros, todavía no. https://t.co/UMN1PXMzwb ¿Cuántos lugares cercanos llevamos décadas aplazando? Guía para visitar Leire (Navarra): empezar por la cripta del siglo XI, la Porta Speciosa, el canto gregoriano de los benedictinos y el mirador sobre el pantano de Yesa. Crónica completa en el blog. #Leire #Navarra #Patrimonio

Our first daughter is called Leire, born in 1983. We always meant to visit the monastery that gave her name. She has already been with her family and children; we haven&#39;t. How many nearby places have we postponed for decades? A guide to Leire Monastery (Navarre): start in the 11th-century crypt, admire the Porta Speciosa, hear the Benedictines&#39; Gregorian chant, end at the Yesa reservoir viewpoint. Full post on the blog. #Leire #Navarre #Heritage

Gure lehen alabak Leire du izena eta 1983an jaio zen. Bere izena eman zion monasterioa bisitatzea geneukan zain. Ak bai, bere familiarekin eta seme-alabekin joan da; gu, oraindik ez. Zenbat leku hurbil daramagu hamarkadetan atzeratzen? Leireko gida: hasi XI. mendeko kriptatik, Porta Speciosa ikusi, kanta gregoriarra entzun eta Yesako urtegiaren gaineko begiratokian amaitu. Kronika osoa blogean. #Leire #Nafarroa #Ondarea

Notre première fille s&#39;appelle Leire et elle est née en 1983. Nous devions visiter le monastère qui lui a donné son nom. Elle y est déjà allée avec sa famille et ses enfants ; nous, pas encore. Combien de lieux proches repoussons-nous depuis des décennies ? Guide de Leire (Navarre) : commencer par la crypte du XIe siècle, le portail Porta Speciosa, le chant grégorien et le belvédère sur le barrage de Yesa. Article complet sur le blog. #Leire #Navarre #Patrimoine&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2117311106083336209?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 2, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/monasterio-de-leire-la-visita-que.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/1s01m4g5ZlI/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-3918186667218096247</guid><pubDate>Sun, 01 Nov 2026 09:07:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-11-02T10:15:52.861+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia ficción</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">filosofía</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">libros</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ética</category><title>Reality+: David Chalmers dice que lo virtual es realidad genuina</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/RH5qjdHhtBk?si=_FmLpRwv38WohLsS&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hoy nos detendremos a analizar una vieja sospecha o paranoia muy habitual, inducida o natural, en muchos de nosotros. Lo haremos con el libro&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Reality.html?id=8hJ0EAAAQBAJ&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Reality+ de &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Chalmers&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;David Chalmers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y la realidad que cabe en unas gafas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;¿Y si el mundo en el que desayunamos esta mañana fuese un programa?&lt;/b&gt; Con esa pregunta, vieja como la filosofía y nueva como un casco de realidad virtual, abre &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Chalmers&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;David Chalmers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;em&gt;Re&lt;b&gt;ality+: Virtual Worlds and the Problems of Philosophy&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, publicado en enero de 2022 por W. W. Norton. Chalmers, nacido en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Australia &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;y profesor en la Universidad de Nueva York, es conocido desde 1994 por formular el «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problema_difícil_de_la_consciencia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;problema difícil de la conciencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;»: &lt;b&gt;por qué sentir algo se parece a algo&lt;/b&gt;. Aquí cambia de escala y se pregunta qué es, en el fondo, lo real.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHeebcB_908aMFRGlZuWy6R7Lv58WJP-S4XIzQeORObeJFJPLHm8JggV8NxZPugnLntASDYMjsKRyEIXY24QtiK5SXKBZPDC-uZQV9_naVU4UhtgpDCizcGguciVjb8eRJZhyUkw_rCk1U8OpnukV4IcjjUFngTl8JvyvArx_u8FN8Duvn4AYv/s1500/71pxJHvOcZL._SL1500_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1500&quot; data-original-width=&quot;978&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHeebcB_908aMFRGlZuWy6R7Lv58WJP-S4XIzQeORObeJFJPLHm8JggV8NxZPugnLntASDYMjsKRyEIXY24QtiK5SXKBZPDC-uZQV9_naVU4UhtgpDCizcGguciVjb8eRJZhyUkw_rCk1U8OpnukV4IcjjUFngTl8JvyvArx_u8FN8Duvn4AYv/s320/71pxJHvOcZL._SL1500_.jpg&quot; width=&quot;209&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Su tesis cabe en una frase y es valiente: &lt;b&gt;los mundos virtuales son realidades genuinas, no sucedáneos&lt;/b&gt;. Un objeto digital, dice, tiene poderes causales sobre nuestra experiencia, existe de verdad en el ordenador y puede importarnos tanto como una mesa. Lo llama «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220218-the-man-rethinking-the-definition-of-reality&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;realismo virtual&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;». Lo que ocurre dentro de un mundo virtual puede ser tan auténtico como lo que ocurre fuera, y una vida plena puede vivirse en él.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El libro recorre los clásicos con ojos nuevos. El demonio maligno de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/René_Descartes&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Descartes&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditaciones_metafísicas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Meditaciones metafísicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, 1641)&lt;/b&gt; y la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegoría_de_la_caverna&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;caverna de Platón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; se convierten en antepasados de &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Matrix&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Matrix&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. La hipótesis de la simulación, formulada por el filósofo sueco &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Bostrom&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nick Bostrom en 2003&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; en su artículo «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipótesis_de_la_simulación&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Are You Living in a Computer Simulation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;», pasa de pesadilla escéptica a hipótesis metafísica. Si vivimos en una simulación, no se sigue que nada exista: solo cambiaría la naturaleza de lo que existe. Las mesas, las montañas y el café siguen ahí, hechos de otra materia, de información. Es una idea que mareará a unos y consolará a otros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá lo más hermoso es que esta discusión tan de 2022 ya la tuvimos en castellano en 1914. En &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niebla_(novela)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Niebla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Miguel de Unamuno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; hace que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niebla_(novela)#Personajes&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Augusto Pérez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; visite a su autor para protestar porque este quiere matarlo, y el autor le replica que él no es más que un ente de ficción. Augusto se rebela, y el lector sale dudando de quién es más real de los dos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Según nuestra experiencia, el libro tiene &lt;b&gt;una virtud rara en filosofía: se deja leer&lt;/b&gt;. Son unas 500 páginas que alternan rigor y humor, con ejemplos de videojuegos, realidad aumentada e interfaces cerebrales. Quien enseña sabe lo difícil que es que un alumno de 16 años se interese por Descartes, y quien tenga un casco de realidad virtual en casa, o un nieto que lo tenga, encontrará aquí una excusa magnífica para empezar la conversación.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNKXWEoquMfpLD9Bqrg105dcLPnaTddioqHvpOA7OGfodMfkMmFBlZ8AKYkiGiNia-EXE2Rj4Xce_5pz5xTx18PsT7o0mIy7V2uL2zoiSz2zbmXHevFIl_LyijQwEbGfqCsjmAOaEHQ8NDxWHYJUqr8kGt8XPsIx9OS_4cvUCZbeSm__e8Qv2i/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_v88xcdv88xcdv88x.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2752&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNKXWEoquMfpLD9Bqrg105dcLPnaTddioqHvpOA7OGfodMfkMmFBlZ8AKYkiGiNia-EXE2Rj4Xce_5pz5xTx18PsT7o0mIy7V2uL2zoiSz2zbmXHevFIl_LyijQwEbGfqCsjmAOaEHQ8NDxWHYJUqr8kGt8XPsIx9OS_4cvUCZbeSm__e8Qv2i/s320/Gemini_Generated_Image_v88xcdv88xcdv88x.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Queda una cuestión ética que Chalmers no esquiva: &lt;b&gt;si esos mundos son reales, lo que ocurre en ellos tiene consecuencias éticas&lt;/b&gt;. Hay que pensar en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dignidad&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;dignidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; de quien habita una plataforma, en los &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;derechos digitales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en quién manda en un universo que es propiedad de una empresa. Esa tarea nos espera a todos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Recomendamos &lt;em&gt;Reality+&lt;/em&gt; a quien guste de pensar despacio, y recomendamos releer &lt;em&gt;Niebla&lt;/em&gt; a continuación, a modo de contrapunto. Y una pregunta final, de las que no se resuelven en una tarde: si mañana supieras con certeza que tu mundo es una simulación, ¿vivirías de otra manera? Yo, desde luego, seguiría escribiendo este blog.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Para pasar a la acción (horizonte 2–10 años):&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Leer:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; un libro de filosofía al trimestre, empezando por &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Reality+&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, y &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Niebla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; en el segundo. Objetivo a 2 años: 8 lecturas comentadas. Evaluación: una ficha de 200 palabras por libro en el blog.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Escribir:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; una entrada mensual que cruce tecnología y humanidades. Objetivo a 5 años: 60 entradas. Evaluación: revisión anual de visitas y comentarios.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Voluntariado y activismo:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; ofrecer un taller de alfabetización digital y pensamiento crítico en una biblioteca o aula de Getxo y Bilbao. Objetivo a 10 años: 100 personas formadas. Evaluación: encuesta de 5 preguntas al inicio y al final de cada taller.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Y si el mundo fuese una simulación? En Reality+ (2022), David Chalmers sostiene que los mundos virtuales son realidades genuinas, no copias de segunda. https://t.co/zpLwikmkRd De Descartes y Platón a Matrix, el libro convierte la hipótesis de Bostrom en una pregunta metafísica seria. Y nos recuerda a Unamuno: en Niebla (1914), Augusto Pérez ya protestaba ante su autor por ser un ser de ficción. Una lectura amena para pensar qué es lo real y qué deberíamos a quienes habitan mundos digitales. ¿Vivirías de otro modo si supieras que tu mundo es un programa? #Filosofía #RealityPlus

What if our world were a simulation? In Reality+ (2022), David Chalmers argues that virtual worlds are genuine realities, not second-class copies. From Descartes and Plato to The Matrix, the book turns Bostrom&#39;s simulation hypothesis into a serious metaphysical question. It also echoes Unamuno: in Niebla (1914), Augusto Pérez already complained to his author about being a fictional being. A readable invitation to ask what is real, and what we owe those who live in digital worlds. Would you live differently if you knew your world was a program? #Philosophy #RealityPlus

Eta munduak simulazio bat balitz? Reality+ liburuan (2022), David Chalmersek dio mundu birtualak benetako errealitateak direla, ez bigarren mailako kopiak. Descartes eta Platonetik Matrix-era, Bostromen simulazio hipotesia galdera metafisiko serio bihurtzen du. Unamunori ere keinu egiten dio: Niebla eleberrian (1914), Augusto Pérezek bere egileari salatzen zion fikziozko izakia zela. Irakurketa atsegina, zer den erreala eta mundu digitaletan bizi direnei zer zor diegun hausnartzeko. Bestela biziko zinateke zure mundua programa bat dela jakingo bazenu? #Filosofia

Et si le monde était une simulation ? Dans Reality+ (2022), David Chalmers soutient que les mondes virtuels sont de véritables réalités, et non des copies de seconde zone. De Descartes et Platon à Matrix, le livre transforme l&#39;hypothèse de Bostrom en question métaphysique sérieuse. Il rappelle aussi Unamuno : dans Niebla (1914), Augusto Pérez protestait déjà auprès de son auteur d&#39;être un être de fiction. Une lecture accessible pour penser ce qu&#39;est le réel. Vivriez-vous autrement si vous saviez que votre monde est un programme ? #Philosophie #RealityPlus&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2117183597018759554?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;November 2, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/11/reality-david-chalmers-dice-que-lo.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/RH5qjdHhtBk/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-2343517877890667426</guid><pubDate>Sat, 31 Oct 2026 09:59:37 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-31T11:09:18.329+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">amistad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">podcasting</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">radio</category><title>El Recreo vuelve: el podcast educativo tras 7 años de pausa</title><description>&lt;center&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheK6bs3PWWqgPRpe9TZ2omax4bZmkUr-v71CGZ_VgzbQiN_PbiQynRZ2p5e0riiu5RWWQwisvXLPkYhffFqJnbvuUJhzml3usQYMxS7asH0Fg0aFx57r-DXuc8LK7x-DXBowhJf4v5OIixCRdYIctzyp76GqX81iMT-oVCoiMrdnrofF7WfJWm/s2848/Gemini_Generated_Image_piz89opiz89opiz8.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1504&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2848&quot; height=&quot;201&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheK6bs3PWWqgPRpe9TZ2omax4bZmkUr-v71CGZ_VgzbQiN_PbiQynRZ2p5e0riiu5RWWQwisvXLPkYhffFqJnbvuUJhzml3usQYMxS7asH0Fg0aFx57r-DXuc8LK7x-DXBowhJf4v5OIixCRdYIctzyp76GqX81iMT-oVCoiMrdnrofF7WfJWm/w381-h201/Gemini_Generated_Image_piz89opiz89opiz8.jpg&quot; width=&quot;381&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En unas semanas haremos un nueva entrevista con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.gorkafernandez.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Gorka Fernández&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=%22Gorka+Fern%C3%A1ndez%22&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ver en otros muchos posts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;). En esta ocasión será para&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;El Recreo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el podcast de educación&lt;/a&gt; que se tomó siete años de descanso.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;¿Cuánto tarda en &lt;a href=&quot;https://eltimbre.substack.com/p/vuelta-al-recreo&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;volver de un recreo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;? En el caso de Gorka Fernández, siete años y medio. Su podcast&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;El Recreo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;arrancó el 9 de enero de 2015 con un episodio sobre libros, lecturas y bibliotecas junto a &lt;b&gt;José Luis Bracamonte&lt;/b&gt;, y se despidió el 27 de febrero de 2019 tras 69 episodios. Ahora, en este 2026, ha vuelto con el número 70.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Nos interesa el caso por lo que enseña sobre las conversaciones pausadas. El proyecto nació con una idea sencilla: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-recreo/id1124902877&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;entrevistar a profesionales de la educación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; de forma distendida, como si estuviésemos en un recreo, con secciones de cultura y literatura. Su lema es un juego de palabras que nos gusta: recreo, recree, vuelve a creer.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/in/gorkafm/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.linkedin.com/in/gorkafm/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Gorka Fernández&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;venía de la radio, también de la comunitaria &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Proyectos_que_integran_la_Red_de_Medios_Comunitarios&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Radiópolis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y quería conservar un espacio para hablar de educación de una manera diferente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijAA3ImXt2Km87o7RYuoD-j_uCeB30KABOQtDJSm_aowYqqCl4ANi3YwZv39hMx0cZV6s63E_cIleVljCFFzYYJdqITN5A67Kssd5X4NoOjEustxUPX9gYUUDUDl9fxNay5c46UIqVAcB-JD-wQSi7MrhmRaLlP72MihS_a7TGzw4eyRCxVwz3/s3413/11372059364_d1bdfe933f_5k.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;3413&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2560&quot; height=&quot;249&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijAA3ImXt2Km87o7RYuoD-j_uCeB30KABOQtDJSm_aowYqqCl4ANi3YwZv39hMx0cZV6s63E_cIleVljCFFzYYJdqITN5A67Kssd5X4NoOjEustxUPX9gYUUDUDl9fxNay5c46UIqVAcB-JD-wQSi7MrhmRaLlP72MihS_a7TGzw4eyRCxVwz3/w187-h249/11372059364_d1bdfe933f_5k.jpg&quot; width=&quot;187&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La nómina de invitados explica el interés. En junio de 2015 el micrófono se abrió a adolescentes de un instituto; después llegaron docentes de escuela rural, defensores de una gamificación que no tiene por qué ser digital, voces a favor de la diversidad en el aula y hasta una conversación sobre la supervivencia del gallego. Es decir, educación vista desde la tiza, desde el pupitre y desde la familia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En 2019 el podcast se despidió, pero su autor no se quedó quieto. Anunció nuevas aventuras: un programa diario de desarrollo personal, &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eltimbre.substack.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;El timbre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, y un programa de televisión, &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mesa Camilla&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. También un &lt;b&gt;libro, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Aprende_y_disfruta.html?id=...&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Aprende y disfruta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que recoge 40 conversaciones mantenidas, entre otros podcasts, en El Recreo. Más tarde él mismo reconocería que los proyectos se le acumularon y fue dejando de lado el más personal, el que había nacido simplemente para conversar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El regreso ha sido con un episodio sobre comunidades de aprendizaje, junto a &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ceipcruzblanca.es/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Daniel Maestre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Gorka pretende publicar dos episodios al mes y abrir el espacio a docentes, directores y otros profesionales. La próxima invitada será &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.parlamentodeandalucia.es/webdinamica/portal-web-parlamento/pdf.do?tipodoc=declaracion&amp;amp;iddeclaracion=26362&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Begoña Iza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, profesora de Geografía e Historia y parlamentaria andaluza. Lo más honesto de su anuncio es que no sabe cuánto durará esta nueva etapa.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9hx-80qyl2kqx9Cm0ooXij8zsiyKny-lGxFNCvvdQT3hnS3K69HRMRP6UsHgcIDD3z3oyRnRrD7SoUYiRUNAAvxA-NFEp8p8y17CNCIiy-RfKKV1plv2pFcO8wq7NVF_dPLK-HfV9ZxSz3oI3BY55Fkn1SL5YIQ4W-ylTkoDsS4ocQ43p7J3-/s2304/Gemini_Generated_Image_oar3twoar3twoar3.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2304&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1856&quot; height=&quot;225&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9hx-80qyl2kqx9Cm0ooXij8zsiyKny-lGxFNCvvdQT3hnS3K69HRMRP6UsHgcIDD3z3oyRnRrD7SoUYiRUNAAvxA-NFEp8p8y17CNCIiy-RfKKV1plv2pFcO8wq7NVF_dPLK-HfV9ZxSz3oI3BY55Fkn1SL5YIQ4W-ylTkoDsS4ocQ43p7J3-/w181-h225/Gemini_Generated_Image_oar3twoar3twoar3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;181&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Según nuestra experiencia, tras más de veinte (20) años de blog, desde abril de 2005, los proyectos que se pausan rara vez mueren: esperan. Hemos visto entradas dormidas durante años que, al retomarlas, tenían más sentido que el día en que las escribimos. Quizá lo mismo valga para un podcast.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Recomendamos escuchar juntos el primer y el último episodio publicados: el de 2015 sobre bibliotecas y el #70. Entre ambos hay un tramo de la educación española contado en voz de quienes la hacen cada día. Eskerrik asko, Gorka, por devolvernos el recreo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Llamada a la acción (2–10 años).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Os proponemos escuchar un episodio al mes y comentarlo por escrito. A dos (2) años, el objetivo es haber escuchado 24 episodios y publicado seis reseñas propias; a cinco (5), montar un pequeño club de escucha en un centro educativo o asociación, o ayudar como voluntario a quien grabe conversaciones docentes en tu entorno; a diez (10), contribuir a un archivo abierto de voces educativas en castellano y euskera. Para evaluarlo, una revisión semestral con tres cifras: episodios escuchados, textos publicados y personas implicadas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.podcastrepublic.net/podcast/1124902877&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Listado de episodios en Podcast Republic&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
  
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  &lt;iframe width=&quot;533&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/KkHgHBinP44?si=Kg-NinNcgBORaYfv&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; allowfullscreen&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
  
&lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;¿Cuánto tarda en volver un recreo? Siete años y medio. El podcast de educación de Gorka Fernández nació el 9 de enero de 2015, se despidió en febrero de 2019 tras 69 episodios y ha regresado con el #70, sobre comunidades de aprendizaje. https://t.co/iocgP1d8Vc Planea dos episodios al mes con docentes, directores y profesionales. Recomendamos escuchar el primero y el último: entre ambos hay un trozo de nuestra escuela. Nuevo post en el blog. Eskerrik asko, Gorka. #ElRecreo #Educación #Podcast

How long does a school break last? Seven and a half years, in the case of El Recreo, Gorka Fernández&#39;s Spanish-language education podcast. It began on 9 January 2015, signed off in February 2019 after 69 episodes, and is back with #70 on learning communities. Two episodes a month are planned, with teachers, school leaders and other professionals. Listen to the first and the latest: between them lies a stretch of Spanish education told by those who live it. New post on the blog. #ElRecreo #Education #Podcast

Zenbat irauten du atsedenaldi batek? El Recreo-ren kasuan, zazpi urte eta erdi. Gorka Fernándezen hezkuntza-podcasta 2015eko urtarrilaren 9an hasi zen, 2019ko otsailean agurtu zen 69 atalen ondoren, eta orain 70. atalarekin itzuli da, ikaskuntza-komunitateei buruz. Hilean bi atal argitaratzeko asmoa du, irakasle eta zuzendariekin. Lehenengoa eta azkena entzutea gomendatzen dugu. Sarrera berria blogean. Eskerrik asko, Gorka! #ElRecreo #Hezkuntza #Podcast

Combien de temps dure une récréation ? Sept ans et demi pour El Recreo, le podcast éducatif de Gorka Fernández. Lancé le 9 janvier 2015, arrêté en février 2019 après 69 épisodes, il revient avec le n° 70 consacré aux communautés d&#39;apprentissage. Deux épisodes par mois sont prévus, avec enseignants, directeurs et autres professionnels. Écoutez le premier et le dernier : entre les deux, un pan de l&#39;école espagnole raconté par ceux qui la font. Nouvel article sur le blog. #ElRecreo #Éducation #Podcast&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2116472458295296182?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 31, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/el-recreo-vuelve-el-podcast-educativo.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheK6bs3PWWqgPRpe9TZ2omax4bZmkUr-v71CGZ_VgzbQiN_PbiQynRZ2p5e0riiu5RWWQwisvXLPkYhffFqJnbvuUJhzml3usQYMxS7asH0Fg0aFx57r-DXuc8LK7x-DXBowhJf4v5OIixCRdYIctzyp76GqX81iMT-oVCoiMrdnrofF7WfJWm/s72-w381-h201-c/Gemini_Generated_Image_piz89opiz89opiz8.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-8726269051652083500</guid><pubDate>Fri, 30 Oct 2026 10:14:10 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-30T11:16:54.965+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">aprendizaje</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">lenguaje</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">turismo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>Turistas o viajeros: no consumir lugares sino comprenderlos</title><description>&lt;center&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRR85ANc4JvwumEVR15sRDv5bHFaq-Fg4d5qRJtKZWs8yapsqD7MSvrO7_jDB0YOuwsrSdghSQQcrc1TFNKdtE3Gpkz51FULkE_ktWd4xkP72sSf_PVx373NQ658u8k_Vloa870CORJgdhfFo7SYvxoUDJOr5Wfc222bs5-B57SRKPC_fNtqEA/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_cjroeccjroeccjro.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1536&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2752&quot; height=&quot;216&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRR85ANc4JvwumEVR15sRDv5bHFaq-Fg4d5qRJtKZWs8yapsqD7MSvrO7_jDB0YOuwsrSdghSQQcrc1TFNKdtE3Gpkz51FULkE_ktWd4xkP72sSf_PVx373NQ658u8k_Vloa870CORJgdhfFo7SYvxoUDJOr5Wfc222bs5-B57SRKPC_fNtqEA/w386-h216/Gemini_Generated_Image_cjroeccjroeccjro.jpg&quot; width=&quot;386&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Este es &lt;b&gt;un tema recurrente en este blog&lt;/b&gt;, diferenciando viajero de turista: qué distingue a quien compra turismo de quien viaja para aprender. Nosotros hemos viajado bastante, nunca compulsivamente, y siempre con alguna razón: &lt;b&gt;por trabajo, visitar familia o para mejorar un idioma&lt;/b&gt;. Hemos preferido países donde conociéramos su lengua, para practicarla. Frente a esta realidad, c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;ada verano vemos que se repite la escena. Ante la fachada de una catedral, doscientas personas levantan el teléfono con el brazo extendido, apuntan tres segundos al monumento y bajan la vista para comprobar cómo ha salido. Nadie ha leído el tímpano; casi nadie sabría decir qué se habla en la calle de al lado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turismo&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;¿Cuándo dejó el viaje de ser una forma de saber para convertirse en una obligación de calendario?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt; La escala es enorme:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.untourism.int/news/international-tourist-arrivals-up-4-in-2025-reflecting-strong-travel-demand-around-the-world&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;UN Tourism&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;calcula que en 2025 se registraron 1.520 millones de llegadas internacionales, casi sesenta millones más que en 2024.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifw1t7ZnBdPpHlHOYtJwEAZfwoBEmi0b8l8dbLJIIPemMASB8iwRFqIMXJ5oJ31HzqjaZFIOK1PQpyPmD1_aO7N_qQ7_If35FYYN5bQsQ9qm_hEzleO_N6xeVdJxBJDSmq-PSROsBDouvDyXxuZFRR1bT6FGt124wChD3Qg-4VghPcoX8Y99BW/s1672/8ce44df0-9922-4b61-bdad-752503a1f9f7.png&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1672&quot; data-original-width=&quot;941&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifw1t7ZnBdPpHlHOYtJwEAZfwoBEmi0b8l8dbLJIIPemMASB8iwRFqIMXJ5oJ31HzqjaZFIOK1PQpyPmD1_aO7N_qQ7_If35FYYN5bQsQ9qm_hEzleO_N6xeVdJxBJDSmq-PSROsBDouvDyXxuZFRR1bT6FGt124wChD3Qg-4VghPcoX8Y99BW/s320/8ce44df0-9922-4b61-bdad-752503a1f9f7.png&quot; width=&quot;180&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaje&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Veinticinco siglos de preguntas con maleta&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%B3doto&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Heródoto&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;recorrió en el siglo V a. C. buena parte del Mediterráneo oriental interrogando a sacerdotes, marinos y comerciantes. Llamó &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;historía&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; a su oficio, y la palabra significaba exactamente eso: indagación. Hacia el año 629, el monje chino &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuanzang&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Xuanzang&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;salió hacia la India en busca de textos budistas, aprendió sánscrito por el camino y regresó en 645 con su cargamento de manuscritos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Battuta&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ibn Battuta&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; partió de Tánger a los veintiún años para peregrinar a La Meca; entre 1325 y 1354 cubrió unos 120.000 kilómetros, y trabajó como juez en Delhi durante ocho años. Su libro se llama sencillamente &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rihla&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Rihla&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaje&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;, «el viaje»&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ninguno de ellos hacía turismo. Viajaban porque necesitaban algo que en casa no había, un texto, una respuesta, un oficio, y dependían de la hospitalidad ajena, que obliga a aprender lenguas, normas y silencios.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Tour&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Del Grand Tour al billete de un chelín&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Entre los siglos XVII y XVIII, los jóvenes de la aristocracia británica completaban su formación con el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Tour&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Grand Tour&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;: meses por Francia e Italia para ver arte, aprender idiomas y adquirir mundo. Era un privilegio, pero tenía un programa. El cambio de escala llegó con el ferrocarril: el 5 de julio de 1841, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cook&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Thomas Cook&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt; llevó a una sociedad de templanza en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paquete_tur%C3%ADstico&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;tren de Leicester a Loughborough&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, casi quinientas personas, a un chelín por cabeza. Democratizar el viaje fue una conquista, y conviene decirlo sin ironía.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El problema aparece cuando &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paquete_tur%C3%ADstico&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;el itinerario se convierte en producto&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; y la lista de lugares «imprescindibles» sustituye a la pregunta. Se acumula ver; se pierde entender.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turismo&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Por qué ahora importa tanto.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay causas materiales: la capacidad aérea y el tráfico de pasajeros crecieron un 7 % hasta octubre de 2025. Y hay una causa simbólica, que ofrezco como interpretación y no como dato: &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moneda_social&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;el viaje funciona como moneda social&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, prueba de que uno ha salido de su rutina, y las redes han convertido esa prueba en espectáculo. A ello se suma un deseo antiguo y legítimo, el de la novedad. Nada de eso es condenable; lo discutible es confundir el síntoma con el fin.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj03t1-ArfqBZkr9dFlGbk9ZH5WhGcGrLfx5cHOYdA8JuUv395gbNScvJXma5VM_jTJNE6t2lvy1OAg004SSV8uBy_PypcckYI-WUWiu41M3rbalANd2G7p66Srt26rPMHpzSZW0MXAfcbZH4nFYQMc2rkDP03bQwNW6YGg3IB2KC-dUDP8irrw/s2463/55619977977_f9e48d4f79_o.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2463&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;302&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj03t1-ArfqBZkr9dFlGbk9ZH5WhGcGrLfx5cHOYdA8JuUv395gbNScvJXma5VM_jTJNE6t2lvy1OAg004SSV8uBy_PypcckYI-WUWiu41M3rbalANd2G7p66Srt26rPMHpzSZW0MXAfcbZH4nFYQMc2rkDP03bQwNW6YGg3IB2KC-dUDP8irrw/w189-h302/55619977977_f9e48d4f79_o.jpg&quot; width=&quot;189&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turista&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Turista, viajero y «no turista»&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El turista acumula. Llega con la lista hecha, compara con casa, valora si «ha merecido la pena» y vuelve con fotos. No es un malvado: es un consumidor de experiencias, y a menudo un cliente agradecido de la hospitalidad. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaje&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;El viajero llega con preguntas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Ha leído algo antes, sabe decir veinte frases en la lengua local, se queda más de lo cómodo en un sitio y acepta equivocarse. &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaje&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Vuelve distinto, no más fotografiado&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turista&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;una tercera figura, la del «no turista»&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, que necesita proclamar que no lo es. Huye de las multitudes, busca lo «auténtico» y con frecuencia solo cambia de escaparate: el desprecio al turista es otra forma de turismo, con más vanidad. La diferencia no está en el destino ni en el medio de transporte, sino en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curiosidad&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;la pregunta con la que se llega&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Y una misma persona puede ser las tres en una sola semana.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una propuesta a diez años.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Propongo un plan modesto y medible. En lectura, un relato de viaje clásico al año (Heródoto, la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Rihla&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;), con una nota de dos folios al terminar. En lengua, preparar cada viaje con doscientas palabras y diez frases del idioma local, y alcanzar en tres años un nivel A2 en una lengua nueva, acreditado con un examen oficial. En voluntariado, a los cinco años, acoger a estudiantes del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programa_Erasmus&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Programa Erasmus&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, activo desde 1987, o colaborar con una entidad de acogida de personas migrantes. Para evaluarlo, basta un cuaderno de viaje anual y una revisión a los diez años: ¿cuántos viajes nos dejaron algo que seguimos usando?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Cada año viajan más de 1.500 millones de turistas internacionales. ¿Cuántos viajan de verdad? https://t.co/FVeMyS1fZO Heródoto llamó «historía» a preguntar; Xuanzang cruzó Asia buscando textos; Ibn Battuta hizo 120.000 km y fue juez en Delhi. Cook democratizó el viaje en 1841 por un chelín, y eso fue un avance. Pero ver no es entender. Nuevo post: turista que acumula, viajero que aprende y «no turista» que presume de serlo. Y un plan a diez años. 🧳

Urtero 1.500 milioi turista atzerritar baino gehiago mugitzen dira. Zenbatek egiten dute bidaia benetan? Herodotok «historia» deitu zion galdetzeari; Xuanzangek Asia zeharkatu zuen testuen bila; Ibn Battutak 120.000 km egin zituen eta epaile aritu zen Delhin. Cookek 1841ean txelin bateko txartelarekin zabaldu zuen bidaiatzea, eta hori aurrerapausoa izan zen. Baina ikustea ez da ulertzea. Post berria: pilatzen duen turista, ikasten duen bidaiaria eta «ez-turista» izateaz harro dagoena. 🧳 

Over 1.5 billion international tourists travel every year. How many actually travel? Herodotus called asking questions «historía»; Xuanzang crossed Asia for texts; Ibn Battuta covered 120,000 km and served as a judge in Delhi. Thomas Cook opened travel to the masses in 1841 for a shilling, a real gain. But seeing isn’t understanding. New post: the tourist who collects, the traveller who learns, and the «non-tourist» who boasts about it. Plus a ten-year plan. 🧳 

Plus de 1,5 milliard de touristes internationaux voyagent chaque année. Combien voyagent vraiment ? Hérodote appelait « historía » l’art de poser des questions ; Xuanzang a traversé l’Asie pour des textes ; Ibn Battuta a parcouru 120 000 km et fut juge à Delhi. Cook a démocratisé le voyage en 1841 pour un shilling, c’est un progrès. Mais voir n’est pas comprendre. Nouvel article : le touriste qui accumule, le voyageur qui apprend et le « non-touriste » qui s’en vante. 🧳 [lien]&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2116111999801106744?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 30, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/turistas-o-viajeros-no-consumir-lugares.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRR85ANc4JvwumEVR15sRDv5bHFaq-Fg4d5qRJtKZWs8yapsqD7MSvrO7_jDB0YOuwsrSdghSQQcrc1TFNKdtE3Gpkz51FULkE_ktWd4xkP72sSf_PVx373NQ658u8k_Vloa870CORJgdhfFo7SYvxoUDJOr5Wfc222bs5-B57SRKPC_fNtqEA/s72-w386-h216-c/Gemini_Generated_Image_cjroeccjroeccjro.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-7454815305188682792</guid><pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 2026 11:07:12 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-29T12:15:16.823+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">filosofía</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">matemáticas</category><title>Reglas para la dirección del espíritu de Descartes</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/mopqB2bxIFk?si=n6lHfbYq8Zo_eHAN&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
  
  &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Tras un agradable encuentro con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55619484955&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Santiago Fernández y Sebas Álvarez (foto)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, a propuesta de Santiago repasamos y redescubrimos las Reglas cartesianas de 1628. Sienta las bases de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;la arquitectura del método cartesiano de pensamiento.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;¿&lt;b&gt;Por qué seguimos acudiendo a los clásicos del siglo XVII&lt;/b&gt; cuando buscamos rigor mental y claridad conceptual en nuestro propio aprendizaje?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Quienes nos hemos dedicado durante décadas a la &lt;b&gt;docencia de las &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia_experimental&quot;&gt;ciencias experimentales&lt;/a&gt; y de la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1ticas&quot;&gt;matemática&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; sabemos bien que la búsqueda de un método sólido no es un debate pretérito,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino una exigencia metodológica permanente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJpR63xZ76deFx0Aj-VAjzNgYzQJuVBKMI6eCfxjbG7wKarfCQt9BefuOwRl5yt2upK13gVPChNqRW_CW8TAh99qynhyphenhyphenxjMBLiuf5C2_RWW6S-dBaOxP6u9eQXw-YU9XNN-uWHMNvyhDuLvLbeJFLmp3j8dMny0pjThivuwaCA3yqQXQbOZ4V/s1000/61GrICUfPkL._AC_UF1000,1000_QL80_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1000&quot; data-original-width=&quot;667&quot; height=&quot;214&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJpR63xZ76deFx0Aj-VAjzNgYzQJuVBKMI6eCfxjbG7wKarfCQt9BefuOwRl5yt2upK13gVPChNqRW_CW8TAh99qynhyphenhyphenxjMBLiuf5C2_RWW6S-dBaOxP6u9eQXw-YU9XNN-uWHMNvyhDuLvLbeJFLmp3j8dMny0pjThivuwaCA3yqQXQbOZ4V/w143-h214/61GrICUfPkL._AC_UF1000,1000_QL80_.jpg&quot; width=&quot;143&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Redactadas hacia 1628 por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes&quot;&gt;René Descartes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y publicadas de forma póstuma en 1701,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; las &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;65&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Reglas para la dirección del espíritu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;104&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Regulae ad directionem ingenii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt; constituyen su obra germinal (1596-1650).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Aunque el texto quedó inconcluso —de las treinta y seis reglas proyectadas solo se redactaron veintiuna—,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; contiene la matriz filosófica y epistemológica que más tarde cristalizaría en el célebre &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;391&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discurso_del_m%C3%A9todo&quot;&gt;Discurso del método&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; (1637)&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;En este tratado,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Descartes no busca acumular saberes dispersos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino disciplinar la razón.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Como hemos observado al analizar el desarrollo de las ideas científicas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el propósito cartesiano era unificar la ciencia bajo un único criterio de certeza matemática.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Para ello,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; establece dos operaciones fundamentales de la mente:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;325&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intuici%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;intuición&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; entendida como la aprehensión clara e distinta de un concepto por la luz de la razón,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; y la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;427&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razonamiento_deductivo&quot;&gt;deducción&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; que conecta de forma lógica unas verdades con otras.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Entre las reglas más representativas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; destacamos las siguientes:&amp;nbsp;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3CVhArryWvRbFZIU_2xAQp-QghK-x8DRXno-PidTys625jPOvhNZU6AXOGHPVGipgx0JQtF1zbzW9hkMG9g5071fxykP_hheN1F6Qh1stS5shvEqjqlVGr9o4kjIVwSJnyuiqAdrg2d6_4XWvno5NDtWBoVyugdS1-anwv1iWjC4V7BGORuXN/s1536/9f5d06b1-49ba-4975-bf2a-a6ff22a90035.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1536&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1024&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3CVhArryWvRbFZIU_2xAQp-QghK-x8DRXno-PidTys625jPOvhNZU6AXOGHPVGipgx0JQtF1zbzW9hkMG9g5071fxykP_hheN1F6Qh1stS5shvEqjqlVGr9o4kjIVwSJnyuiqAdrg2d6_4XWvno5NDtWBoVyugdS1-anwv1iWjC4V7BGORuXN/s320/9f5d06b1-49ba-4975-bf2a-a6ff22a90035.png&quot; width=&quot;213&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,0,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,0,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Regla I&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; La orientación de la mente debe dirigirse a formar juicios sólidos y verdaderos sobre todo lo que se le presenta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,1,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,1,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Regla II&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Sólo debemos ocuparnos de aquellos objetos para cuyo conocimiento certero e indudable parecen bastar nuestros espíritus.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,2,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,2,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Regla III&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Buscar la intuición evidencia y la deducción cierta,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; rechazando la mera conjetura.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,3,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,3,0&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Regla V&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Reducir gradualmente las proposiciones complicadas y oscuras a otras más simples,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; para elevarse luego por los mismos pasos al conocimiento de las demás.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes&quot;&gt;René Descartes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; nació en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descartes_(Indre-et-Loire)&quot;&gt;La Haye en Touraine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; el 31 de marzo de 1596 y falleció en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estocolmo&quot;&gt;Estocolmo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; el 11 de febrero de 1650.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Formado en el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_Henri-IV_de_La_Fl%C3%A8che&quot;&gt;colegio jesuita de La Flèche&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; su vida itinerante por Europa —que incluyó estancias prolongadas en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincias_Unidas_de_los_Pa%C3%ADses_Bajos&quot;&gt;República de las Provincias Unidas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;— estuvo marcada por la búsqueda infatigable de un saber fundamentado en la razón humana y no en la mera autoridad escolástica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Recomendamos vivamente la relectura&lt;/b&gt; atenta de estas&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;65&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rules_for_the_Direction_of_the_Mind&quot;&gt;Reglas para la dirección del espíritu&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;a docentes,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; estudiantes e investigadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Nos recuerdan que el verdadero conocimiento exige orden,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; simplicidad y una depuración constante de los prejuicios.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;i&gt;Aprender no es acumular datos, sino ordenar la mente para alcanzar la verdad&lt;/i&gt;&quot;, cita de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;René Descartes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Y si el método de Descartes no nació en el Discurso de 1637? Hacia 1628 dejó inacabadas las Reglas para la dirección del espíritu: 21 reglas (pensaba escribir 36) https://t.co/O049CfC5HY para unir todas las ciencias bajo un único método basado en dos actos, intuición y deducción. Aún no hay cogito ni metafísica, pero sí una idea que seguimos usando: dividir los problemas, ordenarlos y revisarlos por completo. Se publicaron tras su muerte (1684 en neerlandés, 1701 en latín). Resumen y biografía en el blog. #Descartes #Filosofía #Método

What if Descartes’ famous method wasn’t born in the 1637 Discourse? Around 1628 he left unfinished the Rules for the Direction of the Mind: 21 rules (he planned 36) that aim to unify all the sciences under one method built on two acts, intuition and deduction. There is no cogito or metaphysics yet, but there is an idea we still use: break problems down, order them, and review everything. Published posthumously (Dutch 1684, Latin 1701). Summary and biography on the blog. #Descartes #Philosophy #Method

Descartesen metodoa ez al zen 1637ko Metodoari buruzko Hitzaldian sortu? 1628 inguruan bukatu gabe utzi zituen Regulae ad directionem ingenii: 21 arau (36 idaztekoa zen), zientzia guztiak metodo bakar batean elkartzeko, bi ekintzatan oinarrituta: intuizioa eta dedukzioa. Oraindik ez dago cogitorik ez metafisikarik, baina gaur ere erabiltzen dugun ideia bat bai: arazoak zatitu, ordenatu eta osorik berrikustea. Hil ondoren argitaratu ziren (1684, nederlanderaz; 1701, latinez). Laburpena eta biografia blogean. #Descartes #Filosofia #Metodoa

Et si la méthode de Descartes n’était pas née dans le Discours de 1637 ? Vers 1628, il laisse inachevées les Règles pour la direction de l’esprit : 21 règles (36 étaient prévues) pour unir toutes les sciences sous une seule méthode, fondée sur deux actes, l’intuition et la déduction. Pas encore de cogito ni de métaphysique, mais une idée toujours utile : diviser les problèmes, les ordonner et tout revoir. Publiées après sa mort (1684 en néerlandais, 1701 en latin). Résumé et biographie sur le blog. #Descartes #Philosophie #Méthode&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2115762483814101070?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 29, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/reglas-para-la-direccion-del-espiritu.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/mopqB2bxIFk/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-3570151323850276296</guid><pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2026 20:48:58 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-28T23:29:53.275+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">alumnado</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">aprendizaje</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">carmen</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">creatividad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Eskola Txikiak</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">euskadi</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">infancia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tonucci</category><title>Otra Escuela es posible, con Tonucci en Euskadi</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/bOle2y5q8a0?si=sjG4GEdCnS2aczf_&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

&lt;center style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hoy, tras una agradable y fructífera reunión con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55618232550/in/photostream/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Neli Zaitegi e Isabel Galende (foto)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, recogemos de Isabel un documental reciente, inspirador y refrescante &lt;b&gt;grabado en Euskadi&lt;/b&gt;. Ha sido en&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciz%C3%BArquil&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Zizurkil&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abalcisqueta&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Abaltzisketa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;con dos de las &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ehige.eus/es/plan-estrategico-de-la-red-de-eskola-txikiak/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Eskola Txikiak (Escuelas Rurales Vascas)&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;grabación que presentamos al inicio sobre&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.francescotonucci.org/es/blog/noticias-1/el-documental-otra-escuela-es-posible-10&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Otra escuela es posible&lt;/a&gt;, con&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Francesco Tonucci (ver en otros posts nuestros)&lt;/a&gt; y la mirada de los niños.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Cuándo fue la última vez que un niño decidió algo importante en tu ciudad o en tu escuela? &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Francesco Tonucci&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Fano&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italia&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Italia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, 1940), pedagogo e investigador del &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consiglio_Nazionale_delle_Ricerche&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche de Roma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, lleva décadas formulando esa pregunta, y también dibujándola con el seudónimo de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Frato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en viñetas de humor tierno y afilado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJzUm7A6ZPpF-JMPz21zsWleTJ7cK8Jp8okFXJD51IYiIjgo95_OtW0rET67pQtZIcPC5Z0VZmgnk2TJYle6ugAt1HNIP-6pM4RJIJo8U7tEqrvDt5fSsa7-chS6B0B0Jh3fiFMUWCPReZx08guV8kiVNtRPHwIly5EARDHqRMJnhHUMCU-Au9/s1536/e3c9cfe1-7695-4a8d-9311-1dd4e1d21307.png&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1536&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1024&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJzUm7A6ZPpF-JMPz21zsWleTJ7cK8Jp8okFXJD51IYiIjgo95_OtW0rET67pQtZIcPC5Z0VZmgnk2TJYle6ugAt1HNIP-6pM4RJIJo8U7tEqrvDt5fSsa7-chS6B0B0Jh3fiFMUWCPReZx08guV8kiVNtRPHwIly5EARDHqRMJnhHUMCU-Au9/s320/e3c9cfe1-7695-4a8d-9311-1dd4e1d21307.png&quot; width=&quot;213&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Su tesis es sencilla de enunciar y difícil de practicar: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derechos_del_ni%C3%B1o&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;los niños no son futuros ciudadanos, son ciudadanos de pleno derecho desde hoy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. De ahí nació en 1991 el proyecto «&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La ciudad de los niños&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;», en su &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Fano&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;natal, con alcaldes dispuestos a escuchar a los consejos infantiles y a cambiar aceras, plazas y rutas escolares según sus propuestas. De ahí también su insistencia en que la escuela deje de ser un lugar donde se transmite y se evalúa, para ser &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metodolog%C3%ADa_activa&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;un lugar donde se investiga, se pregunta y se juega&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; con el conocimiento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hemos observado, en tantos años de aulas y conversaciones con maestros, que lo más difícil no es la pedagogía, sino &lt;b&gt;renunciar a la comodidad de la rutina&lt;/b&gt;: la lección magistral, el libro de texto único, los deberes interminables. Tonucci propone lo contrario: tiempo, autonomía, entornos seguros para ir solos al colegio y un currículo que parta de la curiosidad real del alumnado. Nada de utopías abstractas: se trata de &lt;b&gt;decisiones pequeñas, de centros, municipales y cotidianas&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,0&quot;&gt;&quot;Si la escuela no cambia la vida de los niños que acoge, la escuela no sirve para nada&quot;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;8,0&quot;&gt;afirma&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;Francesco Tonucci.Y aquí, en Euskal Herria, donde tanto debemos a la educación, conviene preguntarse qué parte de esa mirada ya practicamos y cuál nos falta.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Recomendamos leer a Tonucci, empezando por &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Con ojos de niño&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, y buscar sus &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Tonucci&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;viñetas de Frato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Después, dejar el libro y salir a la calle con alguien de ocho años. Veremos nuestro barrio con otros ojos. ¿Lo probamos?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Llamada a la acción:&lt;/em&gt; Leer a Tonucci este trimestre y compartir una propuesta con el centro escolar o el ayuntamiento. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objetivo&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Objetivos&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; a 2 años, una ruta escolar segura y autónoma en un barrio; a 5, un consejo infantil con voz real en decisiones municipales; a 10, que la participación infantil sea norma y no excepción. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluaci%C3%B3n&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Evaluación&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt; cada año, número de propuestas infantiles adoptadas, niños que van solos al colegio y encuesta de bienestar al alumnado. &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;---&amp;gt; Sigue una imagen de &lt;b&gt;Carmen y yo con Tonucci en 2015&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/19402187756/in/photolist-hhxSY1-jC5mFr-jC6f2R-jC6ibX-jC7p11-jC7pCd-jC7pUf-jC7sr9-jC8qz3-vbX6jp-vjmCLp-vtKzK6-vyvhsy-PrsZaq-PEe5Sv-ehAHkV-ehAHvk-ehAY22-ehGteQ-ehGtmq-ehGtqh-ehGtwj-ehGtyY-ehGtBw-ehGu51-ehAHLe-ehAHSz-ehGtVb-ehGtZs-ehGu2w-eRbfMH/&quot; title=&quot;Con Francesco Tonucci, Carmen de la Sen y Mikel Agirregabiria. Foto realizada por la organización de #ICOT2015&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Con Francesco Tonucci, Carmen de la Sen y Mikel Agirregabiria. Foto realizada por la organización de #ICOT2015&quot; height=&quot;333&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/3796/19402187756_2baeed052b.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Cuándo decidió un niño algo importante en tu ciudad? Francesco Tonucci lleva décadas defendiendo que la infancia es ciudadanía hoy, no futuro: calles seguras, autonomía y una escuela que investiga y pregunta. https://t.co/niDszZU9Ve Otra escuela es posible, y empieza por escuchar. Recomendamos leerlo y salir a pasear con un niño. ¿Lo probamos? #Tonucci #Educación

When did a child last make an important decision in your city? Francesco Tonucci has argued for decades that children are citizens today, not future ones: safe streets, autonomy, and schools built on curiosity and inquiry. Another school is possible, and it starts with listening. Read him, then take a walk with a child. #Tonucci #Education

Noiz erabaki zuen azken aldiz haur batek zerbait garrantzitsua zure hirian? Francesco Tonuccik hamarkadak daramatza esaten haurrak gaur dira herritar: kale seguruak, autonomia eta galdetzen eta ikertzen duen eskola. Beste eskola bat posible da, eta entzutetik hasten da. Irakurri, eta atera paseatzera haur batekin! #Tonucci #Hezkuntza

Quand un enfant a-t-il décidé quelque chose d&#39;important dans ta ville ? Francesco Tonucci défend depuis des décennies que l&#39;enfance est citoyenneté aujourd&#39;hui : rues sûres, autonomie, école qui questionne et explore. Une autre école est possible, et elle commence par l&#39;écoute. À lire, puis une promenade avec un enfant ! #Tonucci #Éducation&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2115546607034769865?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 28, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;https://platform.x.com/widgets.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

&lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/otra-escuela-es-posible-segun-francesco.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/bOle2y5q8a0/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-7140373896972065263</guid><pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2026 12:45:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-28T21:22:32.903+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Illes Balears</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">informática</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">matemáticas</category><title>Ramón Llull: el monje del siglo XIII que soñó la computación</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/dCdGzgX3iqM?si=4Op7oKw9-Xdm51uf&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
  
  &lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hacia 1263, un cortesano mallorquín llamada&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramon_Llull&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ramon Llull&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;compone versos de amor para una dama que no es su esposa cuando, según cuenta la &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vida_coet%C3%A0nia&quot;&gt;Vida coetánea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, se le aparece Cristo crucificado. No era un hombre de libros: era &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senescal&quot;&gt;senescal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, estaba casado con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanca_Picany&quot;&gt;Blanca Picany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, tenía dos hijos y hacía de trovador a ratos. De aquella escena nació uno de los proyectos más extravagantes de la Edad Media: un método para razonar con cualquiera, fuera cristiano, judío o musulmán, a partir de principios que todos pudieran aceptar.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Siete siglos después, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramon_Llull&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ramon Llull&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; aparece citado entre los antepasados de la informática. ¿Cómo llega un trovador a ese puesto?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ7AEStZkZSDFrE7fGdwtmFR8Vq0R2ky14OSkAA_YplIytXNLJ-fhznBb6haJGjswemD3xIAH9FUGst5WcQGVFrn4Q2PjOwbVd5gPl_cM8kvsKO_P7XsL3tl_Fc9RKxzyYJetXU6EQTnBPKWYO4JMxuoLqjSIPEnfD6OcepsQib0bLg8_HHTXs/s1260/5I54btaeTEpCAZOTt-p02YA9jrsYxHazo1pCBiPGXxNJTBnZh2hAfom3jcBICilzpeTevskUSKzDRUwo4JF-YI_J8y3MrgRGxDBAxPIM8_adBPO8VheCUQG3WRjn0Op43CI2JYrKYeLVgVjWeZIC2ifVSwri3pq7YQh14oG-9CDdM1mMvyoSEBbzc8tJfpoS.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1260&quot; data-original-width=&quot;898&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ7AEStZkZSDFrE7fGdwtmFR8Vq0R2ky14OSkAA_YplIytXNLJ-fhznBb6haJGjswemD3xIAH9FUGst5WcQGVFrn4Q2PjOwbVd5gPl_cM8kvsKO_P7XsL3tl_Fc9RKxzyYJetXU6EQTnBPKWYO4JMxuoLqjSIPEnfD6OcepsQib0bLg8_HHTXs/w199-h279/5I54btaeTEpCAZOTt-p02YA9jrsYxHazo1pCBiPGXxNJTBnZh2hAfom3jcBICilzpeTevskUSKzDRUwo4JF-YI_J8y3MrgRGxDBAxPIM8_adBPO8VheCUQG3WRjn0Op43CI2JYrKYeLVgVjWeZIC2ifVSwri3pq7YQh14oG-9CDdM1mMvyoSEBbzc8tJfpoS.jpg&quot; width=&quot;199&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puig_de_Randa&quot;&gt;Del palacio al Puig de Randa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Llull dejó la corte, aprendió árabe con la ayuda de un esclavo musulmán y se retiró al monte de Randa, donde escribió la primera versión de su Arte, la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;Ars compendiosa inveniendi veritatem&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, hacia 1274. En 1276 fundó el colegio de Miramar para enseñar lenguas a futuros misioneros y ya no paró: Montpellier, París, Roma, Chipre, Túnez. Dejó más de doscientas cincuenta obras en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_catal%C3%A1n&quot;&gt;catalán&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%ADn&quot;&gt;latín&lt;/a&gt; y, quizá, &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_%C3%A1rabe&quot;&gt;árabe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y fue de los primeros en usar una lengua vernácula para expresar ideas filosóficas y científicas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;Qué es realmente el Ars Magna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;No es un libro, sino un sistema que reescribió durante cuatro décadas. Su forma última, la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;Ars generalis ultima&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, llegó hacia 1308, junto a una versión abreviada, el &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;Ars brevis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. La mecánica es de una sencillez desconcertante: un alfabeto de letras que designan conceptos —&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atributo_divino&quot;&gt;bondad, grandeza, eternidad, poder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;— y figuras de círculos concéntricos que se hacen girar para combinarlos. Cada giro propone una relación entre ideas que el pensador debe examinar, no aceptar sin más. La intuición de fondo es que, si los atributos divinos son compartidos por las tres religiones, la discusión puede empezar por lo común. Llull concebía su Arte como herramienta para dialogar entre iguales, no para vencer a nadie.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramon_Llull&quot;&gt;Un legado discutido&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Sus ideas fueron polémicas ya en vida. En 1376 el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_XI&quot;&gt;papa Gregorio XI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; condenó sus enseñanzas por confundir fe y razón, y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beato&quot;&gt;hoy la Iglesia lo venera como beato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Su muerte es incierta: la tradición habla de lapidación en el norte de África, aunque su tumba está en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca&quot;&gt;Palma&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. En 1666, el joven &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Leibniz&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;recogió en su &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dissertatio de arte combinatoria&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; la idea de combinar conceptos elementales: criticaba los detalles de Llull, pero le fascinaba la visión de conjunto (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/let-us-calculate-leibniz-llull-and-the-computational-imagination/&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Public Domain Review&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;). De ahí procede la fama de precursor del ordenador, que explora el volumen &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ramon Llull: From the Ars Magna to Artificial Intelligence&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, editado por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iiia.csic.es/~sierra/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Llull.pdf&quot;&gt;Fidora y Sierra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Conviene, aun así, no exagerar. Los especialistas advierten de que la lógica formal moderna tiene poco que ver con el Arte y de que, desde Leibniz, se ha atribuido un protagonismo excesivo a la combinatoria (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ub.edu/llulldb/docs/Fidora%20-%20Combinatorics.pdf&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fidora&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOV2dewXL3C-5_9dpTgkaz5cPZ-d8t2BQTsiK4SstpktAEIQxt9wip0jnw12plSWjxU1lrf7YYsvehzEWMDBd9t04VgXYNeiVZ4LDaBpnQ_koPL0rNdJs5VQ2yTWumj7yct4n-oYnd0QMDlYRZhKL_yW31r33HQsux9pKxxqtxjnr9ChGr3USB/s1024/48895e5b-a971-4cf8-b706-546e1e3939b3%20(1).jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOV2dewXL3C-5_9dpTgkaz5cPZ-d8t2BQTsiK4SstpktAEIQxt9wip0jnw12plSWjxU1lrf7YYsvehzEWMDBd9t04VgXYNeiVZ4LDaBpnQ_koPL0rNdJs5VQ2yTWumj7yct4n-oYnd0QMDlYRZhKL_yW31r33HQsux9pKxxqtxjnr9ChGr3USB/s320/48895e5b-a971-4cf8-b706-546e1e3939b3%20(1).jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;Girar la rueda, discutir el resultado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Llull persiguió una ilusión que nos resulta familiar: un procedimiento que ordene el saber y deje la verdad a un paso. Pero su método solo funcionaba en conversación; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_Magna_Generalis&quot;&gt;las ruedas daban preguntas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, no sentencias. Hoy, cuando las máquinas combinan palabras a una velocidad que él no habría imaginado, quizá lo valioso del Arte no sea la rueda, sino quien la hace girar y con quién discute lo que sale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_de_acci%C3%B3n&quot;&gt;Propuesta de acción (2 a 10 años).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; En los dos primeros años, leer el &lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llibre_d%27amic_e_amat&quot;&gt;Libro del Amigo y del Amado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt; y una introducción rigurosa al Arte, como la guía de Anthony Bonner (&lt;em&gt;The Art and Logic of Ramon Llull&lt;/em&gt;, Brill, 2007), y publicar una reseña de cada uno; se evalúa con las dos reseñas escritas. A cinco años, escribir una pequeña serie de textos divulgativos que expliquen el Arte con ejemplos propios y recoger comentarios de lectores no especialistas. A diez años, haber sostenido con una biblioteca o centro cívico un círculo de conversación entre personas de creencias y culturas distintas, con cuatro sesiones anuales; se evalúa con asistencia, diversidad de participantes y un breve cuestionario final sobre si salieron del encuentro entendiendo mejor al otro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Un senescal mallorquín escribe versos de amor cuando se le aparece Cristo. Años después inventa un sistema de círculos giratorios con letras y conceptos para razonar con cualquiera, fuera cristiano, judío o musulmán. https://t.co/4kIdhSiCuY Siete siglos más tarde se le cita entre los precursores de la informática. ¿Qué buscaba de verdad Ramon Llull con su Ars Magna: un calculador de verdades o una forma de conversar mejor? Lo cuento en el blog, con Leibniz, una condena papal y una muerte envuelta en leyenda. #RamonLlull #ArsMagna

Mallorcako seneskal bat maitasun-bertsoak idazten ari zela, Kristo agertu zitzaiola kontatzen du Vida coetània-k. Geroztik, letrez eta kontzeptuz betetako gurpilekin sistema bat asmatu zuen, kristau, judu zein musulmanekin arrazoituz hitz egiteko. Zazpi mende geroago, informatikaren aintzindarien artean aipatzen dute. Egia kalkulatzeko makina nahi al zuen Ramon Llullek, ala hobeto elkarrizketatzeko modu bat? Blogean kontatzen dut: Leibniz, aita santuaren gaitzespena eta kondaira bihurtutako heriotza ere badaude. #RamonLlull #ArsMagna

A Majorcan courtier is writing love poems when, he says, Christ appears to him. Years later he designs a system of rotating paper wheels covered in concepts, meant to reason with anyone, Christian, Jewish or Muslim. Seven centuries on, he is cited among the forerunners of computing. Was Ramon Llull building a truth calculator or a better way to talk? New on the blog: Leibniz, a papal condemnation and a death wrapped in legend. #RamonLlull #ArsMagna

Un courtisan majorquin écrit des vers d&#39;amour quand, raconte-t-il, le Christ lui apparaît. Des années plus tard, il imagine un système de roues de papier couvertes de concepts pour débattre avec tous, chrétiens, juifs ou musulmans. Sept siècles après, on le range parmi les ancêtres de l&#39;informatique. Ramon Llull cherchait-il une machine à calculer le vrai, ou une meilleure façon de converser ? Sur le blog : Leibniz, une condamnation papale et une mort devenue légende. #RamonLlull #ArsMagna&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2115062948343296003?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 27, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/ramon-llull-el-monje-del-siglo-xiii-que.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/dCdGzgX3iqM/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-702969732333239741</guid><pubDate>Tue, 27 Oct 2026 10:41:06 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-27T11:46:14.000+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">biología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">fauna</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">intergeneracional</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">nietos</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>Mariposas Monarca: una lección de migración y supervivencia</title><description>&lt;center&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZuSDXVqCSuTODRuTiIfMlf2RawQbJVJxTjxP7CXSPwVxNlvhwlcuBAKzIP-HMfd0rsnR4kW2khFrormBlIpylWdryH459atw9IpiMHVtzV9w39ymR2aBfLEicSXVdq4Is0osbhAEh4BmHY_5qA2C8JZ55oXboGFr6vXTOFIiOd8qI1lSU_j0Z/s1168/image%20(4).jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;784&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1168&quot; height=&quot;255&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZuSDXVqCSuTODRuTiIfMlf2RawQbJVJxTjxP7CXSPwVxNlvhwlcuBAKzIP-HMfd0rsnR4kW2khFrormBlIpylWdryH459atw9IpiMHVtzV9w39ymR2aBfLEicSXVdq4Is0osbhAEh4BmHY_5qA2C8JZ55oXboGFr6vXTOFIiOd8qI1lSU_j0Z/w379-h255/image%20(4).jpg&quot; width=&quot;379&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Concluimos la serie de&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=migraciones+animales&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;migraciones animales (posts)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, luego hablaremos de las humanas, con&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;la historia durante 4 décadas del descubrimiento del viaje más largo en el caso de insectos con la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_butterfly_migration&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Mariposa Monarca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;: cuatro mil kilómetros&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;la mariposa que viaja desde &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canad%C3%A1&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Canadá&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;hasta &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9xico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;México&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;y un enigma.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En 1937, un joven zoólogo de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Toronto&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Universidad de Toronto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; empezó a trazar la ruta de unas mariposas que cada otoño desaparecían hacia el sur. Tardó 38 años en saber adónde iban. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Urquhart_(zoologist)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Fred Urquhart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; no sospechaba que la respuesta estaba en un bosque de montaña a más de cuatro mil kilómetros de su laboratorio, ni que la hallarían dos desconocidos que respondieron a un anuncio de prensa.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una etiqueta que no estorbe al vuelo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El primer obstáculo era casi artesanal: marcar un insecto que apenas pesa sin impedirle volar. Urquhart dedicó más de 20 años a refinar sus técnicas de marcado, y quienes encontraban una mariposa etiquetada la devolvían a &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Toronto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Con su esposa &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norah_Urquhart&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Norah&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;fue dibujando rutas, y también un hueco: el rastro se esfumaba en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Texas&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;a finales de otoño y reaparecía en primavera.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4wWYqKy92YN8AFl7_6LFyR3oRgiTVPOrhlGlzxocWQNFfCUBLRPmL2wV1_yZiSAWxP-H4v3V8V_uBjT0hgAySLirHVAGlaHFACPfJMOxpVArng2XGHcZQLe-lSBB9x49fxPQOuXkT8nAYvjwr7DgrDEtxErywSODGyY902b1kiNNIAAjnvSrp/s678/images%20(2).jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;678&quot; data-original-width=&quot;452&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4wWYqKy92YN8AFl7_6LFyR3oRgiTVPOrhlGlzxocWQNFfCUBLRPmL2wV1_yZiSAWxP-H4v3V8V_uBjT0hgAySLirHVAGlaHFACPfJMOxpVArng2XGHcZQLe-lSBB9x49fxPQOuXkT8nAYvjwr7DgrDEtxErywSODGyY902b1kiNNIAAjnvSrp/s320/images%20(2).jpg&quot; width=&quot;213&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Dos voluntarios y un bosque de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abies_religiosa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;oyameles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En 1972 los Urquhart publicaron un anuncio pidiendo colaboración, y respondieron &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalina_Trail&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ken Brugger y Catalina Trail&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que vivían en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9xico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;México&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. En enero de 1975, tras años de búsqueda, llegaron a unos bosques de oyamel en las montañas de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Michoacán&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, a más de cuatro mil kilómetros del punto de partida de la migración. El público lo supo por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geographic&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;National Geographic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; en agosto de 1976.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Conviene matizar la palabra «&lt;i&gt;descubrimiento&lt;/i&gt;». Los vecinos de la zona conocían el fenómeno mucho antes de 1975. Lo que ocurrió entonces fue que el saber local y el saber científico por fin se encontraron.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Un relevo que nadie ensaya.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Aquí está la paradoja. Una &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://studyspanish.com/comps/monarchs2&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;monarca común vive pocas semanas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, de modo que ninguna hace el viaje completo de ida y vuelta. A finales del verano nace &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_butterfly_migration&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;una generación singular, la llamada Matusalén&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que vive entre siete y nueve meses porque retrasa el apareamiento hasta el final de la migración. Al regresar la primavera, esas mariposas ponen huevos por el camino, y &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_butterfly_migration&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;hacen falta entre tres y cinco generaciones para completar el ciclo hacia el norte&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Ninguna aprende la ruta de otra. Cómo saben adónde ir sigue siendo objeto de debate.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Lo que sabemos y lo que se tambalea.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En 2022 la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Internacional_para_la_Conservaci%C3%B3n_de_la_Naturaleza&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;UICN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; incluyó la subespecie migratoria en su &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_Roja_de_la_UICN&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Lista Roja&lt;/a&gt; como «&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especie_en_peligro&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;En peligro&lt;/a&gt;»&lt;/b&gt;. La última temporada de invernada trajo un respiro: las colonias ocuparon 2,93 hectáreas, un 64 % más que el año anterior, aunque lejos de las 18,19 del récord de 1996-1997. Las cifras de este invierno no se conocerán hasta que acabe la temporada.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La historia de la monarca me interesa casi tanto como el insecto. Es &lt;b&gt;una lección sobre cómo se sabe algo: con paciencia&lt;/b&gt; de décadas, con voluntarios que no figuraban en ningún organigrama y con el conocimiento de quienes ya vivían allí.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una propuesta a diez años.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; Durante el primer año, leer el reportaje original de Urquhart y un libro de divulgación sobre migraciones, y comentarlo con alguien más joven. Entre el primero y el segundo, registrar mariposas y otros polinizadores de tu entorno en una plataforma de ciencia ciudadana como iNaturalist, con una meta de unas cincuenta observaciones anuales. Hacia el quinto año, colaborar como voluntario o socio con una organización de conservación o con un proyecto local de jardines de plantas autóctonas. Al décimo, comparar tus registros con los del primer año y comprobar si hay más especies, más observaciones y más personas implicadas. Esa comparación será tu sistema de evaluación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Ninguna mariposa monarca hace el viaje completo de ida y vuelta. Cada año recorren hasta 4.000 km desde Canadá hasta los bosques de Michoacán, pero el trayecto lo completan varias generaciones. https://t.co/MWCBMuf2Cq Fred Urquhart tardó casi cuatro décadas en averiguar adónde iban, y al final la pista llegó gracias a dos voluntarios que respondieron a un anuncio de prensa en 1972. Hoy la subespecie migratoria figura como «en peligro» en la Lista Roja de la UICN, aunque la última temporada mostró un respiro del 64 %. La historia completa, en el blog 👇

No monarch butterfly makes the whole round trip. Each year they cover up to 4,000 km from Canada to the fir forests of Michoacán, but it takes several generations to complete the cycle. Fred Urquhart spent almost four decades trying to find out where they went, and the answer came from two volunteers who answered a newspaper ad in 1972. The migratory subspecies is now listed as Endangered by the IUCN, though the latest season brought a 64% rebound. The full story on the blog 👇

Monarka tximeleta batek ere ez du joan-etorri osoa egiten. Urtero 4.000 km inguru egiten dituzte Kanadatik Mexikoko Michoacán-eko basoetaraino, baina bidea hainbat belaunaldik osatzen dute. Fred Urquhart-ek ia lau hamarkada behar izan zituen jakiteko nora joaten ziren, eta 1972an prentsako iragarki bati erantzunioten bi boluntariok eman zuten erantzuna. Gaur egun, espezie migratzailea galzorian dago IUCNren Zerrenda Gorrian, nahiz eta azken denboraldian %64ko hobekuntza egon. Istorio osoa blogean

Aucun papillon monarque ne fait l&#39;aller-retour complet. Chaque année, ils parcourent jusqu&#39;à 4 000 km du Canada aux forêts de sapins du Michoacán, mais il faut plusieurs générations pour boucler le cycle. Fred Urquhart a mis presque quarante ans à découvrir où ils allaient, et la réponse est venue de deux bénévoles qui avaient répondu à une annonce de presse en 1972. La sous-espèce migratrice est aujourd&#39;hui classée « en danger » par l&#39;UICN, même si la dernière saison a montré un rebond de 64 %. L&#39;histoire complète sur le blog 👇&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2115031338851963035?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 27, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/mariposas-monarca-una-leccion-de.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZuSDXVqCSuTODRuTiIfMlf2RawQbJVJxTjxP7CXSPwVxNlvhwlcuBAKzIP-HMfd0rsnR4kW2khFrormBlIpylWdryH459atw9IpiMHVtzV9w39ymR2aBfLEicSXVdq4Is0osbhAEh4BmHY_5qA2C8JZ55oXboGFr6vXTOFIiOd8qI1lSU_j0Z/s72-w379-h255-c/image%20(4).jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-8575870035124826401</guid><pubDate>Mon, 26 Oct 2026 19:41:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-27T11:46:35.256+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ecología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">fauna</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">millones</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">naturaleza</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">nietos</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ornitología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>Migraciones animales: récords, rutas y secretos científicos</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi02hrVoueOxYVGjirZriotiiynL70ZmreMQ_e4D4toTy8RgjmfIQNdwff4coMYPZRMkzqyAJOJixzz15aSKiLDD57wZmKMb6au4gl8Ae1H3fDNcyYIj9zvkkU1IRy2XzNM3_wweO9TQaa7UIvQQMxwOOkD76UYRsw2OZEhLnooFoSdTmdwpNkh/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_ney617ney617ney6.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1536&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2752&quot; height=&quot;204&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi02hrVoueOxYVGjirZriotiiynL70ZmreMQ_e4D4toTy8RgjmfIQNdwff4coMYPZRMkzqyAJOJixzz15aSKiLDD57wZmKMb6au4gl8Ae1H3fDNcyYIj9zvkkU1IRy2XzNM3_wweO9TQaa7UIvQQMxwOOkD76UYRsw2OZEhLnooFoSdTmdwpNkh/w365-h204/Gemini_Generated_Image_ney617ney617ney6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;365&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Siguiendo un &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/el-milagro-del-vuelo-de-los-vencejos-de.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;post reciente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, hoy escribimos de la fauna para la que &lt;b&gt;viajar es sobrevivir&lt;/b&gt;, con cuatro migraciones que desafían la lógica.&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraci%C3%B3n_animal&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;¿Qué animal recorre más kilómetros?&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;Los récords de migración, verificados.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Del polo al polo: las migraciones animales más largas del planeta. Es el tema de hoy, cuando&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;alcanzamos&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/millones&quot;&gt;25 millones de visitas a las 22 horas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;a href=&quot;https://flic.kr/p/2sJruE7&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;foto&lt;/a&gt;)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;en apenas 5 días desde&lt;b&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/tomas-mazon-reescribe-la-primera-vuelta.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;el anterior 24º millón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Un ave de menos de 125 gramos cruza el planeta de un extremo a otro cada año. El &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterna_paradisaea&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;charrán ártico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; cría en el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rtico&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ártico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y pasa el verano austral junto a la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%A1rtida&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Antártida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, así que vive más horas de luz que ningún otro animal. Durante décadas se le atribuyeron unos 40.000 kilómetros anuales, una cifra deducida de anillamientos y observaciones en el mar. Nadie había podido seguirlo de verdad.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMdd7xk37Q3WIVYHVVl-aWNLt3AtQyQPmQ4XNB_cimukRMGllOvvXDxTy_HX8xYJRDPypvcnETnHS0ZodT9I0ms7Qk-Ul937SDv1W2Qc5muRBWQbBSkcGgBL0P4M5SD_3cy-KRcmJgKyUIui_yKRPIABD6_WfoW0__um7dWNtZVopqh94xGDhL/s2304/Gemini_Generated_Image_msgbmomsgbmomsgb.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2304&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1856&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMdd7xk37Q3WIVYHVVl-aWNLt3AtQyQPmQ4XNB_cimukRMGllOvvXDxTy_HX8xYJRDPypvcnETnHS0ZodT9I0ms7Qk-Ul937SDv1W2Qc5muRBWQbBSkcGgBL0P4M5SD_3cy-KRcmJgKyUIui_yKRPIABD6_WfoW0__um7dWNtZVopqh94xGDhL/w202-h250/Gemini_Generated_Image_msgbmomsgbmomsgb.jpg&quot; width=&quot;202&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El charrán que dobló las cuentas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En 2010 un equipo dirigido por &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909493107&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Carsten Egevang&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; equipó once charranes con geolocalizadores de 1,4 gramos y comprobó que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909493107&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;algunos superaban los 80.000 kilómetros al año&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. El promedio fue de 70.900 kilómetros, casi el doble de lo que se daba por bueno. Tampoco vuelan en línea recta: trazan una gran &quot;S&quot; por el Atlántico, buscando mares productivos donde alimentarse y aprovechando los vientos dominantes. Como pueden vivir más de 30 años, sus autores calcularon que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909493107&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;acumulan en toda una vida más de 2,4 millones de kilómetros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Once días sin tocar tierra. L&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;a forma de medir la hazaña es no parar. En octubre de 2022, una &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limosa_lapponica&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;aguja colipinta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; de apenas cinco meses salió de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y aterrizó once días después en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmania&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tasmania&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. El rastro de su GPS marcó &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/oct/28/bar-tailed-godwit-flies-13560km-from-alaska-to-tasmania-in-11-days&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;13.560 kilómetros sin una sola escala, la marca más larga documentada para un ave&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Pasó sobre &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Vanuatu&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nueva_Caledonia&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nueva Caledonia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; sin detenerse a repostar. Lo más inquietante es que &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/oct/28/bar-tailed-godwit-flies-13560km-from-alaska-to-tasmania-in-11-days&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;era su primer viaje y no seguía a ningún adulto&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballena&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ballenas&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anisoptera&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;libélulas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El récord entre los mamíferos lo guarda una &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0071&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ballena gris occidental llamada &lt;b&gt;Varvara&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Nadó desde la &lt;b&gt;isla de Sajalín hasta Baja California&lt;/b&gt; y regresó, &lt;b&gt;22.511 kilómetros en 172 días&lt;/b&gt;. Su viaje, publicado en 2015, sugiere además que algunas ballenas dadas por &quot;occidentales&quot; quizá pertenecen a la población oriental. Los científicos esperaban otra ruta, más costera. El mar, una vez más, sabe más que los mapas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwXZKuzncya5Ybhs9Oc3ay0WKLIP3IYZkJpbRw8j2s2oMb_xrKh4AskMMebY6onM-TGLawBHqhNlX1cJ5IB6TAxlSkUMsyhTV5czOct9s64KDuj-mw4NQOeuZ3nnuo1fF7t1NC_e0h1V8gFY7Ji6NHgtsX_iNrJY6-nQ72O86k64C6eF1eHPKG/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_1pdvmu1pdvmu1pdv.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2752&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;275&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwXZKuzncya5Ybhs9Oc3ay0WKLIP3IYZkJpbRw8j2s2oMb_xrKh4AskMMebY6onM-TGLawBHqhNlX1cJ5IB6TAxlSkUMsyhTV5czOct9s64KDuj-mw4NQOeuZ3nnuo1fF7t1NC_e0h1V8gFY7Ji6NHgtsX_iNrJY6-nQ72O86k64C6eF1eHPKG/w154-h275/Gemini_Generated_Image_1pdvmu1pdvmu1pdv.jpg&quot; width=&quot;154&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Y luego está la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052594&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;libélula &lt;em&gt;Pantala flavescens&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, de unos 300 miligramos. Se cree que forma parte de un circuito de entre 14.000 y 18.000 kilómetros que se completa a lo largo de varias generaciones, y que cruza el océano Índico entre la India y África oriental, aprovechando vientos de altura. Ningún individuo hace el viaje entero. Cada uno &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052594&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;vuela más de 6.000 kilómetros y deja el relevo a sus descendientes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;. Conviene decir que buena parte de la evidencia es indirecta: análisis isotópicos y simulaciones, no seguimiento individual.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Lo que dicen los récords.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;El más largo&quot; depende de lo que midamos: distancia anual, vuelo sin escalas, trayecto en relación con el tamaño. Y todas las cifras son lo que hemos podido medir; la del charrán es un promedio de once aves. Pero hay una lección común. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conectividad_ecol%C3%B3gica&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estos viajes solo funcionan si la cadena de lugares sigue intacta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: mares ricos, vientos fiables, islas, costas y lagunas donde descansar. Basta romper un eslabón para que el viaje entero deje de ser posible.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una propuesta a diez años sobre&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=migraciones+animales&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;migraciones animales (posts)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Empieza por leer: un libro de divulgación sobre migración al año durante dos años, y una entrada propia en tu blog o cuaderno sobre cada uno. A los cinco años, súmate a un censo de aves de tu zona (por ejemplo, con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ebird.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;SEO/BirdLife o a través de eBird&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;) y registra al menos diez salidas anuales. A los diez, aspira a colaborar con una entidad que proteja un humedal o una ruta de paso. Evalúa cada año con un diario simple: libros leídos, textos escritos, jornadas de campo y datos aportados. Si un año no llegas, ajusta la meta, pero no abandones la ruta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Un ave de menos de 125 gramos vuela de polo a polo cada año: el charrán ártico recorre de media 70.900 km. Una joven aguja colipinta cruzó el Pacífico de Alaska a Tasmania, 13.560 km en 11 días sin parar. https://t.co/1HbauqzwRD Y la ballena gris Varvara nadó 22.511 km en 172 días. ¿Cómo se orientan? ¿Qué pasa si les rompemos las escalas del camino? Lo cuento en el blog: [enlace] #migración #naturaleza #divulgación

A bird under 125 grams flies from pole to pole every year. Arctic terns average 70,900 km annually. One five-month-old godwit crossed the Pacific, Alaska to Tasmania, 13,560 km in 11 days without landing. A gray whale named Varvara swam 22,511 km in 172 days. How do they find their way, and what happens when we break the stopovers along the route? New post on the blog: [link] #migration #nature #science

125 gramo baino gutxiagoko txori batek (Sterna paradisaea) urtero egiten du hegan poloz polo: batez beste 70.900 km. Beste txori gazte batek Alaskatik Tasmaniaraino Ozeano Barea zeharkatu zuen, 13.560 km 11 egunean, behin ere lurrera jaitsi gabe. Eta Varvara balea grisak 22.511 km igeri egin zituen 172 egunean. Nola orientatzen dira? Zer gertatzen da bidean geldialdiak kentzen badizkiegu? Blogean kontatzen dut: [esteka] #migrazioa #natura

Un oiseau de moins de 125 grammes vole d&#39;un pôle à l&#39;autre chaque année : la sterne arctique parcourt en moyenne 70 900 km. Une jeune barge rousse a traversé le Pacifique, de l&#39;Alaska à la Tasmanie, 13 560 km en 11 jours sans se poser. Et la baleine grise Varvara a nagé 22 511 km en 172 jours. Comment s&#39;orientent-ils ? Que se passe-t-il si l&#39;on casse leurs étapes ? Je raconte tout sur le blog : [lien] #migration #nature&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2114805758215000523?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 26, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/migraciones-animales-records-rutas-y.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi02hrVoueOxYVGjirZriotiiynL70ZmreMQ_e4D4toTy8RgjmfIQNdwff4coMYPZRMkzqyAJOJixzz15aSKiLDD57wZmKMb6au4gl8Ae1H3fDNcyYIj9zvkkU1IRy2XzNM3_wweO9TQaa7UIvQQMxwOOkD76UYRsw2OZEhLnooFoSdTmdwpNkh/s72-w365-h204-c/Gemini_Generated_Image_ney617ney617ney6.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-5214429170907868895</guid><pubDate>Sun, 25 Oct 2026 09:22:56 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-25T10:37:00.007+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">calendario</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">matemáticas</category><title>24-10-26: última fecha pitagórica del siglo que casi nadie notó</title><description>&lt;center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQyaxzXe0iGSYRXER6ENAQLi-OwnHToBpWLsDvF5d21l_ilZ1Bxq5gq69Wzn3cHawIYnwVRa3UCKt1qpCwyLfAH_itipXFw3c8vWGdv50YQFQn6VsyoH4tGmnN87aZT8w204yI3YFgraQ1EDoAC-8AdqJ4DKgnbAujvqHC_DDN1grj2NsGln-M/s2048/image_20261025_100819.jpg&quot; style=&quot;display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1152&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2048&quot; height=&quot;295&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQyaxzXe0iGSYRXER6ENAQLi-OwnHToBpWLsDvF5d21l_ilZ1Bxq5gq69Wzn3cHawIYnwVRa3UCKt1qpCwyLfAH_itipXFw3c8vWGdv50YQFQn6VsyoH4tGmnN87aZT8w204yI3YFgraQ1EDoAC-8AdqJ4DKgnbAujvqHC_DDN1grj2NsGln-M/w524-h295/image_20261025_100819.jpg&quot; width=&quot;524&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;¿Fue ayer una &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;fecha pitagórica&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; Sí. El sábado &lt;/span&gt;24 de octubre de 2026&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;, escrito a la española, es 24-10-26. Elevemos al cuadrado: 10² son 100, 24² son 576, y 100 más 576 suman 676, que es 26². Es la terna (10, 24, 26), el doble exacto de la célebre (5, 12, 13). Nos enteramos tarde, pero nos alegró el sábado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Estas coincidencias no abundan&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;. Con el formato día-mes-año de dos cifras, hace falta que dos números sean un día y un mes posibles y que el tercero cuadre como año. Según nuestras cuentas a mano, no habrá otra hasta el&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_de_abril&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;3 de abril de 2105&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (3-4-05) [&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumplea%C3%B1os&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;dudo que llegue a verlo porque sería mi 152º cumpleaños&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;].&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; Antes hubo, entre otras cuatro, el 12-5-13 (12 de mayo de 2013) y el 15-8-17 (15 de agosto de 2017). La más famosa es la de 3, 4 y 5: el 3 de abril de 2005&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;[&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumplea%C3%B1os&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ese día fue mi 52º cumpleaños&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;]&lt;span&gt;. &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Debe haber algo de nuestro destino que ya era pitagórico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7o45LRoQ1-8KlkiLKKrQCIzTFLwym5E3sbcIyp_9L7hPzyFg_IQu-YAeDCjEOxy-Ycl8BbLzTOcSbz1pSGuZsh3NZJuww4zYBhdDldDsHxLIUoP55C-__7iOBqq6qPH35BxkNUKFqbeVzokCjqIQcJjoB3oPIf7pUMZpx1pKtwkM1Pz8zN9ux/s2752/Gemini_Generated_Image_u3deaou3deaou3de.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2752&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1536&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7o45LRoQ1-8KlkiLKKrQCIzTFLwym5E3sbcIyp_9L7hPzyFg_IQu-YAeDCjEOxy-Ycl8BbLzTOcSbz1pSGuZsh3NZJuww4zYBhdDldDsHxLIUoP55C-__7iOBqq6qPH35BxkNUKFqbeVzokCjqIQcJjoB3oPIf7pUMZpx1pKtwkM1Pz8zN9ux/s320/Gemini_Generated_Image_u3deaou3deaou3de.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seamos justos con el personaje.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit%C3%A1goras&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Pitágoras de Samos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;(hacia 570-495 a. C.) fundó en &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotona&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Crotona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;, en el sur de&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Italia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;, una comunidad a medio camino entre&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitag%C3%B3ricos&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;escuela y cofradía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; No dejó nada escrito. Lo conocemos por&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Aristóteles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; que cuenta que los pitagóricos creían que los principios de las matemáticas eran los de todas las cosas, y por los neopitagóricos posteriores. Su emblema era la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraktys&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;tetraktys&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;, el triángulo de diez puntos (1+2+3+4=10), por el que, según la tradición, se juraba.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;El &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorema_de_Pit%C3%A1goras&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;teorema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; que lleva su nombre tampoco fue solo suyo: la tablilla babilónica &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plimpton_322&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Plimpton 322&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; recoge &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terna_pitag%C3%B3rica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ternas pitagóricas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; más de mil años &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;antes. Pitágoras no inventó el hecho. Lo elevó a principio del mundo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;La &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerolog%C3%ADa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;numerología de fechas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curiosidad&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;como mera curiosidad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, la que reduce nuestro cumpleaños a un solo dígito, es otra cosa. Hoy, 25-10-2026: 2+5+1+0+2+0+2+6 suman 18, y 1+8 son 9. El nueve, dicen las tablas, es cierre de ciclo. Esa práctica es moderna, se popularizó a comienzos del siglo XX atribuyéndose a Pitágoras, y la tomamos como lo que es: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juego&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;un simple juego&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; entretenido.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Quizá la lección pitagórica auténtica sea que el mundo admite ser contado y que eso nos asombra. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Unamuno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, que desconfiaba de quien pretendía encerrar la vida en una fórmula, sonreiría ante el juego y ante el asombro. Nosotros preferimos el asombro que se puede comprobar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Para pasar a la acción:&lt;/strong&gt; os proponemos buscar vuestra fecha pitagórica en el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;calendario&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y leer un libro de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica_recreativa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;matemática recreativa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; al trimestre. Objetivo a 2 años: ocho libros leídos y una terna propia compartida con alguien más joven. Objetivo a 5 años: dar una charla o taller de media hora en un &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aula&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;aula&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;biblioteca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; o &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Club_de_lectura&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;club de lectura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Objetivo a 10 años: haber despertado la curiosidad de al menos diez personas. Evaluación: una libreta con fecha, título y una frase de lo aprendido, revisada cada 3 de abril (3-4, por supuesto, y siempre mi cumpleaños mientras viva). ¿Empezamos?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p lang=&quot;es&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Ayer, 24-10-26, fue una fecha pitagórica: 10² + 24² = 26² (100 + 576 = 676). Según nuestras cuentas, no habrá otra hasta el 3-4-05 de 2105 https://t.co/L9ZZY6vniJ. Ojo: Pitágoras no escribió nada, el teorema ya se conocía en Babilonia y la numerología de cumpleaños es invención moderna. ¿Cuál es tu fecha pitagórica? Post completo en el blog. #Matemáticas #Pitágoras

Yesterday, 24-10-26, was a Pythagorean date: 10² + 24² = 26² (100 + 576 = 676). By our count, the next one won&#39;t come until 3-4-05 in 2105 . But note: Pythagoras wrote nothing, Babylon knew the theorem a thousand years earlier, and birthday numerology is a modern invention. What&#39;s your Pythagorean date? Full post on the blog. #Mathematics #Pythagoras

Atzo, 24-10-26, data pitagorikoa izan zen: 10² + 24² = 26² (100 + 576 = 676). Gure kontuen arabera, hurrengoa 2105eko apirilaren 3an etorriko da (3-4-05). Baina Pitagorasek ez zuen ezer idatzi, teorema Babilonian ezagutzen zuten lehendik, eta urtebetetzeen numerologia garaikide samarra da. Zein da zure data pitagorikoa? Sarrera osoa blogean.

Hier, le 24-10-26, était une date pythagoricienne : 10² + 24² = 26² (100 + 576 = 676). D&#39;après nos calculs, la prochaine n&#39;arrivera pas avant le 3 avril 2105 (3-4-05) . Mais Pythagore n&#39;a rien écrit, Babylone connaissait le théorème bien avant lui, et la numérologie des anniversaires est une invention moderne. Quelle est votre date pythagoricienne ? Article complet sur le blog.&lt;/p&gt;&amp;mdash; Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2114290033842643363?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 25, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/24-10-26-ultima-fecha-pitagorica-del.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQyaxzXe0iGSYRXER6ENAQLi-OwnHToBpWLsDvF5d21l_ilZ1Bxq5gq69Wzn3cHawIYnwVRa3UCKt1qpCwyLfAH_itipXFw3c8vWGdv50YQFQn6VsyoH4tGmnN87aZT8w204yI3YFgraQ1EDoAC-8AdqJ4DKgnbAujvqHC_DDN1grj2NsGln-M/s72-w524-h295-c/image_20261025_100819.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-5641867557492191203</guid><pubDate>Sat, 24 Oct 2026 16:32:26 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-27T11:45:43.050+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">biología</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ciencia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">fauna</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">física</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">nietos</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">TikTok</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">viajar</category><title>El milagro del vuelo: De los vencejos de Getxo al charrán ártico</title><description>

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55609515449/in/dateposted/&quot; title=&quot;El milagro del vuelo: De los vencejos de Getxo al charrán ártico&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;El milagro del vuelo: De los vencejos de Getxo al charrán ártico&quot; height=&quot;279&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55609515449_2a340ae1d8.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; column-count: auto; column-width: auto; columns: auto; contain: none; container-name: none; container-type: normal; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-border: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset-anchor: auto; offset-distance: 0px; offset-path: none; offset-position: normal; offset-rotate: auto; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Siempre&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f;&quot;&gt; nos maravilló la magia de &lt;b&gt;cómo vuelan las aves o los insectos por el cielo&lt;/b&gt;. Hoy repasamos algunas lecciones de &lt;b&gt;ornitología &lt;/b&gt;para aprender a mirar y admirar el vuelo de a nuestro alrededor. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Siempre&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1f1f1f; font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; nos maravilló la magia de cómo vuelan las aves o los insectos por el cielo. Hoy repasamos algunas lecciones de ornitología para aprender a mirar y admirar el vuelo de a nuestro alrededor.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Te has fijado alguna vez en un &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apus_apus&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;vencejo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;? Esa tarde de verano en que el cielo de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizkaia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Bizkaia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; se llena de chillidos y veloces flechas negras, quizá te hayas preguntado, como hacemos tantos adultos, cómo es posible que no se cansen nunca. Este fin de semana, paseando por los acantilados de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Galea&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;La Galea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; en &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getxo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Getxo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, nos detuvimos a observar a las gaviotas suspendidas frente al &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Cant%C3%A1brico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;mar Cantábrico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Nuestra nieta, que tiene ahora ocho años, con esa curiosidad inagotable de la infancia, nos lanzó la pregunta definitiva: «&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Aitite, ¿cómo pueden volar tanto tiempo sin caerse al suelo?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;».&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Responder a las mejores preguntas, que siempre son las de esa edad, requiere huir de la jerga densa. Empecemos por lo evidente: un pájaro es un cuerpo magistralmente diseñado para la ligereza. Le explicamos a Léa que sus huesos son huecos por dentro, como diminutas cañas, y sus plumas pesan casi nada, actuando como hélices y timones de altísima tecnología.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeFiAJHypZkMzyu4OhlqXcDGGRH9nj9WJHWCzBh9FthUIjGaxpVExu4iysj4RqLmM2O6tNGLOQLHaBVs3asBpTRdAFV2gXMDqdcPkp2Obsfq9RoxOPlEIbRH5VxRcnMmBZ13ovAqygRsrq_vHVe-LAKRGuqRUwWues0ljmboAFm1hzeDdxE2XE/s1168/image%20(3).jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1168&quot; data-original-width=&quot;784&quot; height=&quot;285&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeFiAJHypZkMzyu4OhlqXcDGGRH9nj9WJHWCzBh9FthUIjGaxpVExu4iysj4RqLmM2O6tNGLOQLHaBVs3asBpTRdAFV2gXMDqdcPkp2Obsfq9RoxOPlEIbRH5VxRcnMmBZ13ovAqygRsrq_vHVe-LAKRGuqRUwWues0ljmboAFm1hzeDdxE2XE/w191-h285/image%20(3).jpg&quot; width=&quot;191&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Pero lo verdaderamente importante está en el ala. Le propusimos un ejemplo que todos hemos vivido: imagina que sacas la mano por la ventanilla del coche en movimiento y la inclinas ligeramente hacia arriba; notarás que el aire la empuja. Eso mismo hace el ala de un ave, que es curva por la parte superior y más plana por la inferior. Esa diferencia geométrica obliga al aire a viajar más rápido por encima, creando un poderoso efecto físico llamado «&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustentaci%C3%B3n&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;sustentación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;». Para Léa, fue fácil imaginarlo como una inmensa mano invisible que empuja sus barriguitas hacia las nubes. Para avanzar, les basta con batir esas alas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ahora viene lo verdaderamente asombroso. Muchas aves apenas aletean, aprovechando el aire como nosotros aprovecharíamos un inmenso tobogán. Cuando el sol calienta el suelo, el aire asciende formando columnas invisibles (las &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9rmica_(meteorolog%C3%ADa)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;corrientes térmicas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;). Especies como las águilas y las cigüeñas se suben a ellas, dando vueltas hasta ganar altura sin gastar apenas fuerzas, para luego dejarse deslizar hacia su destino. Por su parte, los majestuosos &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diomedeidae&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;albatros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, con unas alas de unos tres (3) metros de envergadura, hacen lo propio sobre las olas del océano, aprovechando el viento que choca y sube por ellas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Y cómo aguantan días, semanas o meses? Hay récords que parecen auténticos cuentos. Un fascinante estudio de la &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Lund&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Universidad de Lund&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, dirigido por &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders_Hedenstr%C3%B6m&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Anders Hedenström&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; y publicado en el año 2016, siguió a vencejos comunes (&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apus_apus&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Apus apus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;) con diminutos aparatos y concluyó que algunos pasan hasta diez meses seguidos en el aire: comen diminutos insectos al vuelo, beben rozando el agua de los lagos y, lo más increíble, duermen planeando.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;No son los únicos viajeros infatigables de nuestros cielos entre tantas &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=migraciones+animales&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;migraciones animales (posts)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Una &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limosa_lapponica&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;aguja colipinta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; pasó once días volando sin parar entre Alaska y Tasmania, cubriendo unos 11.000 kilómetros, según los asombrados investigadores que la monitorizaron en el año 2022. Y no olvidemos al heroico &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterna_paradisaea&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;charrán ártico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, que recorre cada año unos 70.000 kilómetros en su migración extrema entre el Polo Norte y el Polo Sur.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLadR44jfFEJLb7MBSDpLTwZYeMhKhe55pf8-rsFKyj5GFrrNAvj_4-suVM2GCWc4NIpLi3aMjaiB33RnG2iAyd8aL_oceDLEp0ICO9AqLllNHYFYCMwRPeXC2qaM37w5BRGiRwRYyg7WoNv9Us5gRKifgQBPvK1sq8EUxs3v6zsoim-p9XGhu/s1024/5bbf5f5f-36ee-4526-96ef-6d8a0404d65a.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLadR44jfFEJLb7MBSDpLTwZYeMhKhe55pf8-rsFKyj5GFrrNAvj_4-suVM2GCWc4NIpLi3aMjaiB33RnG2iAyd8aL_oceDLEp0ICO9AqLllNHYFYCMwRPeXC2qaM37w5BRGiRwRYyg7WoNv9Us5gRKifgQBPvK1sq8EUxs3v6zsoim-p9XGhu/s320/5bbf5f5f-36ee-4526-96ef-6d8a0404d65a.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Te preguntarás cómo duermen en travesías tan exigentes. Apagan la mitad de su cerebro para descansar en micro-siestas, mientras la otra mitad vigila, pilotando y controlando el viento. Es como si una mitad de ti durmiera placenteramente la siesta y la otra mirase con atención el camino. Además, antes de partir ingieren enormes cantidades de alimento para almacenar grasa, que es su gasolina natural.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Nos gusta pensar que la sorpresa al verlas volar es la mejor forma de empezar a amar la ciencia. Por ello, desde este modesto blog, os proponemos un plan de acción intergeneracional. A dos años vista: salgamos una vez al mes con un niño o niña a observar aves y anotemos en un cuaderno las especies vistas (nuestra meta inicial: 24 salidas y 20 especies locales identificadas). A cinco años: participemos juntos en un censo ciudadano de aves (como los de &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://seo.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;SEO/BirdLife&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;) y leamos al menos tres libros de ornitología divulgativa. A diez (10) años, cuando este humilde bloguero supere ya los ochenta años, el objetivo vital es haber transmitido definitivamente esta afición a una persona más joven que ya observe el cielo por su cuenta. Para evaluar el éxito, revisaremos nuestro cuaderno cada doce meses, ajustando el plan y comparando especies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Yo soy uno de los que ya ha empezado este reto. ¿Lo eres tú? ¿Cuántos vencejos contarás esta misma noche asomado a tu ventana? (Véase más sobre nuestra naturaleza local en entradas anteriores). “Déjate llevar por el niño que fuiste”, apuntó&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Saramago&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;José Saramago&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. Eskerrik asko por seguir volando y aprendiendo a nuestro lado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¿Cómo vuela un pájaro durante días, semanas o meses sin parar? Huesos huecos, alas que usan el aire como un tobogán, columnas de aire caliente y hasta dormir con medio cerebro. https://t.co/2T5Ye5jxBR Algunos vencejos pasan diez meses en el aire [dato por confirmar]. Lo explicamos a una niña de ocho años, y a quien quiera seguir asombrándose. Salgamos al balcón con unos prismáticos. ¿Cuántos vencejos cuentas hoy? #aves #ciencia #divulgación

How can a bird fly for days, weeks or even months without landing? Hollow bones, wings that ride the air like a slide, rising columns of warm air, and sleeping with half a brain. Some swifts may stay airborne for ten months [to be confirmed]. We explain it to an eight-year-old, and to anyone who still loves to wonder. Grab cheap binoculars tonight: how many swifts can you count? #birds #science

Nola hegan egin dezake txori batek egunak, asteak edo hilabeteak geldituta gabe? Hezur hutsak, airea txirrista bezala erabiltzen duten hegalak, aire bero-zutabeak eta garunaren erdiarekin lo egitea. Hegachori batzuek hamar hilabete pasa omen dituzte airean [baieztatzeko]. Zortzi urteko neska bati azaldu diogu, harritzen jarraitu nahi duen orori ere. Gaur arratsaldean, zenbat sorbeltz ikusi dituzu? #hegaztiak #zientzia

Comment un oiseau peut-il voler des jours, des semaines, voire des mois sans se poser ? Os creux, ailes qui épousent l’air comme un toboggan, colonnes d’air chaud et sommeil avec la moitié du cerveau. Certains martinets resteraient dix mois en l’air [à confirmer]. Nous l’expliquons à une fillette de huit ans, et à tous les curieux. Combien de martinets comptez-vous ce soir ? #oiseaux #science&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2114032642731475015?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 24, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;blockquote cite=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/@masalladelhorizonte7/video/7685901257860533511&quot; class=&quot;tiktok-embed&quot; data-video-id=&quot;7685901257860533511&quot; style=&quot;max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;&quot;&gt; &lt;section&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/@masalladelhorizonte7?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;@masalladelhorizonte7&quot;&gt;@masalladelhorizonte7&lt;/a&gt; El charrán ártico realiza uno de los viajes más impresionantes de la naturaleza: vuela desde el Ártico hasta la Antártida y después regresa. Esta pequeña ave cruza océanos enteros para vivir dos veranos cada año. 🐦🌎❄️ &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/tag/charr%C3%A1n%C3%A1rtico?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;charránártico&quot;&gt;#CharránÁrtico&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/tag/animalessorprendentes?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;animalessorprendentes&quot;&gt;#AnimalesSorprendentes&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/tag/naturaleza?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;naturaleza&quot;&gt;#Naturaleza&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/tag/aves?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;aves&quot;&gt;#Aves&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/tag/datoscuriosos?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;datoscuriosos&quot;&gt;#DatosCuriosos&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/music/sonido-original-Más-Allá-Del-Horizonte-77-7685901332302924552?refer=embed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;♬ sonido original  - Más Allá Del Horizonte 77&quot;&gt;♬ sonido original  - Más Allá Del Horizonte 77&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/section&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;script async=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;https://www.tiktok.com/embed.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/el-milagro-del-vuelo-de-los-vencejos-de.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeFiAJHypZkMzyu4OhlqXcDGGRH9nj9WJHWCzBh9FthUIjGaxpVExu4iysj4RqLmM2O6tNGLOQLHaBVs3asBpTRdAFV2gXMDqdcPkp2Obsfq9RoxOPlEIbRH5VxRcnMmBZ13ovAqygRsrq_vHVe-LAKRGuqRUwWues0ljmboAFm1hzeDdxE2XE/s72-w191-h285-c/image%20(3).jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-5595866517828652727</guid><pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2026 11:07:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-25T17:19:13.630+01:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">bizkaia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">conmemoraciones</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">getxo</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">puente colgante</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">teatro</category><title>Foru Bizia: el Fuero Nuevo de Bizkaia sale a la calle</title><description>&lt;center&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKrJl4HSXLgQZIK-au7ZPgeQdlMCszdqwDnb1XNMkklyJsGfR8zwB_5lW-IF3r1nV9eajzYjgMW0sDSLb5MkQziDuxwEw4CxLOMt3XhfH52Whfsn0wwUZ9vUk5d7u-zv6SsJPmsaYGfWpLJgQIItbSAVvwPxTdmLqspnssj96Irqf734veIm4x/s990/20261021_Hortzmuga_Getxo_990%20(1).jpeg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;486&quot; data-original-width=&quot;990&quot; height=&quot;168&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKrJl4HSXLgQZIK-au7ZPgeQdlMCszdqwDnb1XNMkklyJsGfR8zwB_5lW-IF3r1nV9eajzYjgMW0sDSLb5MkQziDuxwEw4CxLOMt3XhfH52Whfsn0wwUZ9vUk5d7u-zv6SsJPmsaYGfWpLJgQIItbSAVvwPxTdmLqspnssj96Irqf734veIm4x/w342-h168/20261021_Hortzmuga_Getxo_990%20(1).jpeg&quot; width=&quot;342&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Prometemos &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/albums/72177720336304285&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;álbum de imágenes y vídeos (ver al final)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
  
  &lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/V-uUwWyF90c?list=PLVMbyN1F3xjA&quot; title=&quot;YouTube playlist player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-uUwWyF90c&amp;amp;list=PLVMbyN1F3xjA&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Fragmentos de la representación en Las Arenas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.
  
 
  
  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Mañana acudiremos al &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://jjggbizkaia.eus/es/-/las-representaciones-teatrales-de-foru-bizia-por-el-500-aniversario-del-fuero-nuevo-arrancan-este-s%C3%A1bado-en-getxo&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Espectáculo teatral itinerante por el 500 Aniversario del Fuero&amp;nbsp;Nuevo de Bizkaia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt; en Getxo. Es un excelente modo de mantener&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-index-in-node=&quot;0&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;la memoria viva del Fuero Nuevo con este espectáculo callejero al encuentro de la ciudadanía.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;La conmemoración de una efeméride histórica adquiere su verdadero sentido cuando trasciende los discursos institucionales solemnes para convertirse en una experiencia viva y compartida.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; text-align: left; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;En el marco del V Centenario del Fuero Nuevo de Bizkaia (1526-2026),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diputaci%C3%B3n_Foral_de_Vizcaya&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Diputación Foral de Bizkaia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y las &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juntas_Generales_de_Vizcaya&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Juntas Generales de Bizkaia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; han puesto en marcha &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;341&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&#39;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortzmuga&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Foru Bizia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&#39;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; un proyecto escénico itinerante diseñado por la reconocidísima compañía &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortzmuga&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Hortzmuga Teatroa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Esta propuesta plantea una relectura festiva,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; participativa e integradora de las raíces jurídicas y culturales del territorio,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; recordando que la norma foral vasca no surgió en gabinetes cerrados,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino de las costumbres populares,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la palabra dada y la organización colectiva del propio pueblo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqI69vSBdFc9dEJN9hBVo98CNxvxDtbu3pVcaQmLVuz_mHqZXdnvZ3-5r7gLfw75Bt5qGubsBH30Xy6G6FsjK2EgVMucTQldXtcOwAaFW1V3aurOvTrLqbdZy5cUb4U97-XalbW66ns2WihW-IRHs-UwrV8FglMt6Lnj0vPWDEPMgHIxN-A5lG/s1024/a1f308f8-1097-456a-93ec-ef09d3776362.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1024&quot; data-original-width=&quot;572&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqI69vSBdFc9dEJN9hBVo98CNxvxDtbu3pVcaQmLVuz_mHqZXdnvZ3-5r7gLfw75Bt5qGubsBH30Xy6G6FsjK2EgVMucTQldXtcOwAaFW1V3aurOvTrLqbdZy5cUb4U97-XalbW66ns2WihW-IRHs-UwrV8FglMt6Lnj0vPWDEPMgHIxN-A5lG/s320/a1f308f8-1097-456a-93ec-ef09d3776362.jpg&quot; width=&quot;179&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;El espectáculo arranca su andadura itinerante este sábado,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; 24 de octubre de 2026,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; a las 19:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;30 horas en Getxo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; El punto de partida no podría resultar más emblemático:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; los alrededores del célebre &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puente_de_Vizcaya&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puente Bizkaia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Desde allí,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el cortejo festivo discurrirá por la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guecho&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Kale Nagusia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; la Plaza de la Estación (Geltokia Plaza) e Ibaiondo,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; hasta culminar su itinerario en la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guecho&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Plaza Santa Eugenia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Durante aproximadamente hora y media de recorrido,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el espacio urbano se transformará en un dinámico escenario abierto mediante el uso de estructuras móviles,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; dramatización,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; euskal dantza,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; coros comunitarios y música en directo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Uno de los pilares más valiosos de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i data-index-in-node=&quot;35&quot; data-path-to-node=&quot;9&quot; style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; display: inline; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; float: none; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&#39;Foru Bizia&#39;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; radica precisamente en su profunda dimensión comunitaria.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En la jornada de Getxo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la representación contará con la implicación directa de destacadas agrupaciones culturales locales como &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/zozoak-abesbatza/ar-154615/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Zozoak Abesbatza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://getxosarri.blogspot.com/2013/01/dantza-en-romo-desde-hace-mas-de-60-anos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Zasi Eskola Dantza Taldea&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deia.eus/bizkaia/2024/06/13/60-anos-hilo-comun-8354941.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Berantzagi Dantza Taldea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En el plano profesional,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el elenco escénico estará integrado por los actores y actrices &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.seriesweb.com/actor/11074/Alex-Antunez/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Álex Antúnez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://comareacast.com/profesional/mar-garcia/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Mar García Serrano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10835856/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Gabriel Ocina&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://bizkaie.biz/2012/09/30/izar-eta-zenaida-aiora-sedano-eta-maite-fombellida/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Maite Fombellida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; acompañados por los bailarines &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.teatrebarcelona.com/nerea-vesga&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nerea Vesga&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.teatrebarcelona.com/ibon-huarte&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ibon Huarte&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la música en directo de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kulturklik.euskadi.eus/actividad/ander-blasco/webkklik00-detalle/es/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ander Blasco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y las atmósferas sonoras del &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mixcloud.com/djpixelesmuertos/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;DJ Píxeles Muertos (Beñat de la Ripa)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;La iniciativa mantendrá este espíritu participativo a lo largo de su itinerario por cuatro municipios vizcaínos durante los meses de octubre y noviembre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Tras la cita inaugural en Getxo,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; la gira recalará en &lt;b&gt;Santurtzi &lt;/b&gt;el 30 de octubre (desde el Puerto hasta el Parque Central),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; continuará en &lt;b&gt;Ermua &lt;/b&gt;el 7 de noviembre (con centro en la Plaza Orbe Kardinala) y concluirá en &lt;b&gt;Arrigorriaga&lt;/b&gt; el 14 de noviembre (recorriendo la Pérgola y la Plaza del Ayuntamiento).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; En cada parada,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; coros y grupos de danza de cada localidad se sumarán a la comitiva para enriquecer el espectáculo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt;Llevar el Fuero Nuevo a la calle quinientos años después de su &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usuario:FUERO_NUEVO_BIZKAIA/Taller&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;redacción en 1526&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; constituye un notable ejercicio de rigor,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; divulgación y pedagogía ciudadana.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Frente a la tentación de reducir la historia a documentos de archivo o abstracciones teóricas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el teatro de calle devuelve el patrimonio inmaterial al ámbito en el que cobró vida:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; el espacio público.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; Invitar a vecinos y visitantes a caminar colectivamente junto a los intérpretes supone recordar que la identidad foral y los derechos históricos no son fósiles del pasado,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;animation: auto ease 0s 1 normal none running none; appearance: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px rgb(31, 31, 31); clear: none; clip: auto; color: #1f1f1f; columns: auto; contain: none; container: none; content: normal; cursor: auto; cx: 0px; cy: 0px; d: none; direction: ltr; fill: rgb(0, 0, 0); filter: none; flex-direction: row; flex: 0 1 auto; font-family: inherit; gap: normal; hyphens: manual; inset: auto; interactivity: auto; isolation: auto; line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; margin-right: 0px !important; margin-top: 0px !important; margin: 0px; marker: none; mask-clip: border-box; mask-composite: add; mask-image: none; mask-mode: match-source; mask-origin: border-box; mask-repeat: repeat; mask-size: auto; mask: none; offset: normal; opacity: 1; order: 0; outline: rgb(31, 31, 31) none 2.4px; overlay: none; padding: 0px; page: auto; perspective: none; position: static; quotes: auto; r: 0px; resize: none; rotate: none; rule: 2.4px rgb(31, 31, 31); rx: auto; ry: auto; scale: none; speak: normal; stroke: none; transform: none; transition: all; translate: none; visibility: visible; x: 0px; y: 0px; zoom: 1;&quot;&gt; sino un patrimonio vivo en continua renovación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/albums/72177720336304285&quot; title=&quot;Foru Bizia: el Fuero Nuevo de Bizkaia sale a la calle&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Foru Bizia: el Fuero Nuevo de Bizkaia sale a la calle&quot; height=&quot;711&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55609574866_e0e54f8e1b_w.jpg&quot; width=&quot;533&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;¡El Fuero Nuevo de Bizkaia cumple 500 años y se apodera de las calles! 🎭📜&#39;Foru Bizia&#39; revive la historia de nuestro autogobierno con un espectacular teatro de calle itinerante de Hortzmuga Teatroa. https://t.co/ND9EEM9fdj Tras su arranque histórico en Getxo junto al Puente Bizkaia, recorrerá Santurtzi, Ermua y Arrigorriaga. Música en directo, euskal dantza y participación comunitaria para recordar que la norma foral es patrimonio vivo y memoria compartida. ¡Una experiencia única entre cultura e identidad vasca! 🏛️✨ #ForuBizia #Bizkaia #Getxo #CulturaVasca #FueroNuevo #HortzmugaTeatroa

The New Law of Bizkaia turns 500 and takes over the streets! 🎭📜&#39;Foru Bizia&#39; brings Basque history and self-government to life through an immersive street theatre show by Hortzmuga Teatroa. Starting at the iconic Vizcaya Bridge in Getxo, this festival tours Santurtzi, Ermua, and Arrigorriaga. Live music, traditional dance, and community engagement remind us that historical rights are a living heritage and shared memory. 🏛️✨#ForuBizia #Bizkaia #BasqueCountry #Getxo #StreetTheatre #Culture #BasqueHistory

Le Nouveau For de Biscaye fête ses 500 ans et descend dans la rue ! 🎭📜&#39;Foru Bizia&#39; fait revivre l&#39;histoire de l&#39;autogouvernement basque avec un spectacle de théâtre de rue itinérant créé par Hortzmuga Teatroa. Après son lancement à Getxo près du Pont Suspendu, la troupe parcourra Santurtzi, Ermua et Arrigorriaga. Musique live, danses traditionnelles et participation citoyenne pour prouver que les droits historiques sont un patrimoine vivant et une mémoire partagée ! 🏛️✨#ForuBizia #Bizkaia #PaysBasque #CultureBasque #Getxo #TheatreDeRue #Histoire

Bizkaiko Foru Berriak 500 urte betetzen ditu eta kaleak hartuko ditu! 🎭📜&#39;Foru Bizia&#39; ikuskizunak gure autogobernuaren historia berreskuratzen du Hortzmuga Teatroaren kale-antzerki ibiltariarekin. Getxoko Bizkaia Zubiaren inguruetan hasita, ikuskizuna Santurtzi, Ermua eta Arrigorriagara iritsiko da. Zuzeneko musika, euskal dantzak eta herritarren parte-hartzea batu dira foru-eskubideak ondare bizi eta memoria partekatua direla gogoratzeko. 🏛️✨
#ForuBizia #Bizkaia #Getxo #EuskalKultura #ForuBerria #Hortzmuga #Autogobernua&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2113951108699754508?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 24, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/foru-bizia-el-fuero-nuevo-de-bizkaia.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKrJl4HSXLgQZIK-au7ZPgeQdlMCszdqwDnb1XNMkklyJsGfR8zwB_5lW-IF3r1nV9eajzYjgMW0sDSLb5MkQziDuxwEw4CxLOMt3XhfH52Whfsn0wwUZ9vUk5d7u-zv6SsJPmsaYGfWpLJgQIItbSAVvwPxTdmLqspnssj96Irqf734veIm4x/s72-w342-h168-c/20261021_Hortzmuga_Getxo_990%20(1).jpeg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-8226659187620260745</guid><pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2026 21:30:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-24T10:57:03.839+02:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">aitor</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">carmen</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">educación</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">libros</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">millones</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">portugalete</category><title>Tomás Mazón reescribe la primera vuelta al mundo de Elcano</title><description>&lt;center&gt; &lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/0BDJ8_zHXw4?si=Pn6oC5xB4KLMwMig&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;

  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hoy, jueves 23 de octubre de 2026 (que alcanzamos&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/millones&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;24 millones de visitas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/55605589644/in/photostream/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;esta madrugada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;), hemos tenido &lt;b&gt;Carmen&lt;/b&gt; y yo el privilegio de pasar toda la mañana y comer con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.casaasia.eu/actualidad/resolucion-de-los-premios-casa-asia-2022/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tomás Mazón Serrano,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;un ingeniero amigo de &lt;b&gt;Aitor&lt;/b&gt; (con quien estuvo en Sudáfrica trabajando) apasionado por la historia y cuyos&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;libros &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;que &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;recuperan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;la &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;primera &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;vuelta &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;al &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;mundo y&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;cambian&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;nuestra &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;visión &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;planeta y de la historia de la humanidad. Su emocionante web, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rutaelcano.com&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rutaelcano.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, escrita y diseñada por él&amp;nbsp; mismo debiera ser objeto de estudio obligatorio en la educación.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rutaelcano.com&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tomás Mazón&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;nació en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Alicante &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;en 1975, reside en &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villanueva_de_la_Serena&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Villanueva de la Serena (Badajoz)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y ejerce como ingeniero técnico de obras públicas. No es historiador universitario de oficio, y esa condición de diletante entusiasta da a su trabajo un aire excepcional: el de quien se acerca&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;y navega entre los archivos&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;con método científico y curiosidad de aficionado, en el mejor sentido de la palabra, hasta superar la visión previa de la historia más gloriosa pero peor contada de navegantes vascos como &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elcano&lt;/a&gt; (de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getaria&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Getaria&lt;/a&gt;) y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_de_Urdaneta&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Urdaneta&lt;/a&gt; (de &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordizia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ordizia&lt;/a&gt;).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8wxHrfLxJqHwbeQ0Bxng7retsHrF3RSVxy_mVwaOYSHjUOUwCH_L_3qnoC-MqS_X0cOMkic9GK1Y2_8J1NUIjiPXGyPw3PYwJyyz5VTpkpBGW-qpWGpsgO1RGRXmhf8H_vL3X0hEiCGlnmJPGvwH6Ord4QIRYycpEmIopfScolAqdcGYNf0fh/s2304/Gemini_Generated_Image_dqpbusdqpbusdqpb.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;2304&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1856&quot; height=&quot;215&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8wxHrfLxJqHwbeQ0Bxng7retsHrF3RSVxy_mVwaOYSHjUOUwCH_L_3qnoC-MqS_X0cOMkic9GK1Y2_8J1NUIjiPXGyPw3PYwJyyz5VTpkpBGW-qpWGpsgO1RGRXmhf8H_vL3X0hEiCGlnmJPGvwH6Ord4QIRYycpEmIopfScolAqdcGYNf0fh/w173-h215/Gemini_Generated_Image_dqpbusdqpbusdqpb.jpg&quot; width=&quot;173&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Su vocación empezó en la red, con&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rutaelcano.com&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;rutaelcano.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, una web sobre la primera circunnavegación donde él mismo elabora los mapas. Sus editores la presentan como referencia con más de millón y medio de visitas, una cifra que conviene tomar como dato de la editorial. El reconocimiento llegó pronto. En 2020 recibió el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.circulodeartesanos.org/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;XI Premio Magallanes-Elcano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, del Círculo de Artesanos de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, y en 2022 el&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.casaasia.eu/actualidad/resolucion-de-los-premios-casa-asia-2022/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Premios Casa Asia 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;en la categoría de Cultura y Sociedad. El jurado de este último destacó su labor de investigación y divulgación para dar a conocer la expedición de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_de_Magallanes&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Magallanes&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elcano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; a un público no especializado, con una visión nueva basada en fuentes originales.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A ello suma más de 59 conferencias hasta hoy en foros académicos y extraacadémicos. Ayer tarde dictó una &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sociedadbilbaina.com/agenda/jornadas-de-la-comandancia/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ponencia en la Sociedad Bilbaína&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;y aprovechando esa oportunidad hoy le hemos acompañado en su visita a Portugalete (Bizkaia), último de los lugares de Elcano que tenía pendiente de realizar. En el vídeo inicial nos explicó el motivo que se relaciona con su tercer libro.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Tras la primera vuelta al mundo de Juan Sebastián Elcano, la siguiente expedición que se organizó fue la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3n_de_Garc%C3%ADa_Jofre_de_Loa%C3%ADsa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Expedición de fray García Jofre de Loaysa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (también conocida como la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3n_de_Garc%C3%ADa_Jofre_de_Loa%C3%ADsa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Segunda Armada de la Especiería&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj-cPYKuC3plv8W-EpBWI1_3atcxk5VhoNUPg5lryUiq_KQf6XGwFsGHVOxYBngSyS9NpTHZ90hVheXmPU6EzHzU5jpNQxwUSNtRfn32sXD0PcqpBd3Em_tlfWM-l47ymoT_XVVELbICGE9ILwJw-_nCr3b3VGQYggJSwW8EPXexuJupEuSo19/s466/51OsDs495DL._SY466_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;466&quot; data-original-width=&quot;304&quot; height=&quot;237&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj-cPYKuC3plv8W-EpBWI1_3atcxk5VhoNUPg5lryUiq_KQf6XGwFsGHVOxYBngSyS9NpTHZ90hVheXmPU6EzHzU5jpNQxwUSNtRfn32sXD0PcqpBd3Em_tlfWM-l47ymoT_XVVELbICGE9ILwJw-_nCr3b3VGQYggJSwW8EPXexuJupEuSo19/w155-h237/51OsDs495DL._SY466_.jpg&quot; width=&quot;155&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;A comienzos de 1525, el propio &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Juan Sebastián Elcano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (nombrado piloto mayor y segundo al mando de la flota) reclutó hombres, reunió provisiones y armó cuatro de las naves en la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalete&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;villa vizcaína de Portugalete&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Esta flotilla inicial partió de las aguas de la ría de Portugalete con rumbo a La Coruña, donde se unió al resto de la gran expedición&amp;nbsp; para iniciar el viaje definitivo hacia las &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Molucas&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;islas Molucas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. En este histórico viaje desde el puerto vasco también se enroló un jovencísimo &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_de_Urdaneta&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Andrés de Urdaneta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, quien se convertiría en uno de los cosmógrafos más importantes de la &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;historia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt;Alcanzó fama universal por descubrir y documentar la ruta a través del &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oc%C3%A9ano_Pac%C3%ADfico&quot; id=&quot;mwFg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; style=&quot;background: 0% 0% repeat rgb(255, 255, 255); border-radius: 2px; color: #3366cc; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Océano Pacífico&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;océano Pacífico&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt; desde &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipinas&quot; id=&quot;mwFw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; style=&quot;background: 0% 0% repeat rgb(255, 255, 255); border-radius: 2px; color: #3366cc; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Filipinas&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filipinas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt; hasta &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acapulco_de_Ju%C3%A1rez&quot; id=&quot;mwGA&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; style=&quot;background: 0% 0% repeat rgb(255, 255, 255); border-radius: 2px; color: #3366cc; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Acapulco de Juárez&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Acapulco&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt;, conocida como &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwGQ&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornaviaje&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ruta de Urdaneta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt; o &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwGg&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornaviaje&quot; id=&quot;mwGw&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; style=&quot;background: 0% 0% repeat; border-radius: 2px; color: #3366cc; overflow-wrap: break-word;&quot; title=&quot;Tornaviaje&quot;&gt;tornaviaje&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #202122;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Tres libros, absolutamente recomendables porque son tres modos de mirar una hazaña.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Su primer libro, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edicionesencuentro.com/?s=Elcano+Viaje+a+la+historia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elcano. Viaje a la historia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;, apareció en 2020&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; y fue reeditado en versión ampliada en 2022, con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edicionesencuentro.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ediciones Encuentro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Es el relato de conjunto de la expedición que Magallanes concibió y Elcano remató.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Los dos siguientes miran hacia los márgenes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edicionesencuentro.com/?s=Espinosa+El+%C3%BAltimo+capit%C3%A1n+de+la+vuelta+al+mundo&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Espinosa. El último capitán de la vuelta al mundo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.edicionesencuentro.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; (Encuentro, 2022)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; reconstruye la vida de quien quedó al mando de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinidad_(nao)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;nao Trinidad&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidore&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Tidore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; mientras &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elcano&lt;/a&gt; mandaba la &lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(nao)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Victoria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, y regresó a España en 1527. Según la reseña de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://revistadehistorianaval.es/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Revista de Historia Naval&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, el libro se cierra con catorce transcripciones documentales que aportan datos nuevos sobre su vida. Un lector lo describe como una biografía levantada a partir de actas notariales, registros administrativos, pleitos y cartas de petición de socorro, es decir, de papeles y no de epopeya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiykLXTLZRey6lsn791I73pEMzDAYJQ1ubB1hKve35VgM1pFyR6HbptjheZpbg0OuGL4waXy5ZSPoYmW1_1N5z9VmfJY6J9y1LqCk2Vv0OjaId-OrzUG5AT4qnd65L_q-3LUJYB5vJwbQADbTqDQfhtpoze72mKavBnFHXkWrKP7i1piQEP3Hd0/s466/81L7SaIx6vL._SY466_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;466&quot; data-original-width=&quot;304&quot; height=&quot;241&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiykLXTLZRey6lsn791I73pEMzDAYJQ1ubB1hKve35VgM1pFyR6HbptjheZpbg0OuGL4waXy5ZSPoYmW1_1N5z9VmfJY6J9y1LqCk2Vv0OjaId-OrzUG5AT4qnd65L_q-3LUJYB5vJwbQADbTqDQfhtpoze72mKavBnFHXkWrKP7i1piQEP3Hd0/w157-h241/81L7SaIx6vL._SY466_.jpg&quot; width=&quot;157&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;El tercero,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://quelibroleo.com/la-vuelta-al-mundo-maldita-la-expedicion-de-loaysa&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;La vuelta al mundo maldita&lt;/em&gt; (Edaf, 2024)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;, cuenta la expedición de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Jofre_de_Loa%C3%ADsa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;García Jofre de Loaysa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Comenzó en 1525 y no terminó hasta 1536 para quienes lograron volver: apenas &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedici%C3%B3n_de_Garc%C3%ADa_Jofre_de_Loa%C3%ADsa&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;doce de sus 450 integrantes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Es una cifra que da el propio autor, y otras fuentes sobre esta empresa manejan números algo distintos, lo que ya habla de lo difícil que es reconstruirla. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elcano murió en medio del Pacífico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; durante ese viaje, de modo que el segundo libro y el tercero se tocan: Espinosa y Loaysa son las dos caras de lo que ocurrió después de la gloria.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conocimiento&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;El conocimiento como travesía&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Lo más sugerente de Mazón no es solo lo que cuenta, sino cómo llega hasta ahí. Para el libro sobre Loaysa &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rutaelcano.com/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;visitó nueve archivos históricos solo en 2023&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Es la versión terrestre del oficio de navegante. Se parte con una hipótesis, se corrige el rumbo con cada folio hallado y se vuelve con menos certezas y algo más de verdad. Nadie recibe el conocimiento como un mapa terminado. Se hace con documentos, con paciencia y con la disposición a que un papel desmienta la leyenda cómoda.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hay en ello una lección discreta para quienes enseñamos y aprendemos. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensamiento_cr%C3%ADtico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Desconfiar de la versión heroica no significa despreciarla, sino contrastarla&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Las fuentes originales no destruyen la hazaña, la vuelven humana: devuelven nombres, miedos, pleitos y súplicas a quienes la protagonizaron. Y quizá por eso Mazón ha elegido mirar a los segundos capitanes, a los que quedaron atrás y a los que el relato oficial dejó sin foco.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Queda una pregunta abierta. &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo_hist%C3%B3rico&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;¿Cuántas historias de nuestro propio entorno esperan, sin leer, en un archivo municipal, parroquial o familiar?&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrO6KQ_iN_JOh6SaFsMNI7g4-Lw9IhdpIOhpxeJYd5X56bBdc2l8iMeRwEsRU7NYxsD-L15XiGR8zarn2IzJ-Vv7xDP4J9IcF7Tx4e2hUlfQ000bYYGcvkmIjAywMcw32nGJqbe7ZhH92rcGlGb3V9g6RoBhag1YrmIZH3BW4IYsNoewZy7fc8/s466/91WKiXW+sFL._SY466_.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;466&quot; data-original-width=&quot;299&quot; height=&quot;225&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrO6KQ_iN_JOh6SaFsMNI7g4-Lw9IhdpIOhpxeJYd5X56bBdc2l8iMeRwEsRU7NYxsD-L15XiGR8zarn2IzJ-Vv7xDP4J9IcF7Tx4e2hUlfQ000bYYGcvkmIjAywMcw32nGJqbe7ZhH92rcGlGb3V9g6RoBhag1YrmIZH3BW4IYsNoewZy7fc8/w144-h225/91WKiXW+sFL._SY466_.jpg&quot; width=&quot;144&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Una propuesta de acción a diez años:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Propongo un plan en tres escalones, con objetivos medibles. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;A 2 años&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rese%C3%B1a&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;leer los tres libros de Mazón y escribir una reseña de cada uno&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, publicada en un blog, una revista local o una biblioteca. La evaluación es sencilla: tres reseñas publicadas y, al menos, una conversación pública sobre ellas, en un club de lectura, por ejemplo. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;A 5 años&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, pasar de leer a participar: colaborar como voluntario en la transcripción de documentos históricos de un archivo o una asociación cultural cercana, con la meta de veinte documentos transcritos y revisados por un archivero o historiador que valide la calidad. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1o&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;A 10 años&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;, llevar la experiencia a un aula, una biblioteca o un grupo vecinal mediante un taller anual de fuentes primarias, en el que cada grupo reconstruya la biografía olvidada de alguien de su localidad con al menos tres documentos originales. Se evaluaría contando biografías publicadas y participantes, y con una pequeña rúbrica de pensamiento crítico: ¿distingue el grupo entre hecho, interpretación y leyenda? Si al cabo de una década hay veinte vidas recuperadas del olvido, el viaje habrá merecido la pena.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;a data-flickr-embed=&quot;true&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/albums/72177720336299978&quot; title=&quot;Tomás Mazón en Portugalete&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Tomás Mazón en Portugalete&quot; height=&quot;711&quot; src=&quot;https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/55605570954_78139a799b_w.jpg&quot; width=&quot;533&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;script async=&quot;&quot; charset=&quot;utf-8&quot; src=&quot;//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
  
  &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/agirregabiria/albums/72177720336299978/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Álbum de imágenes y vídeos&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search?q=Elcano+Maz%C3%B3n&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Otros posts sobre este autor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Dieciocho hombres llegaron a Sevilla en 1522 tras la primera vuelta al mundo. Otros se quedaron en el Pacífico, y de los 450 de la expedición Loaysa solo 12 volvieron. https://t.co/jYZsTeepCK Tomás Mazón Serrano, ingeniero nacido en Alicante y autor de Elcano, Espinosa y La vuelta al mundo maldita, lleva años buscándolos en los archivos: documentos originales, hipótesis y paciencia. Una forma de recordar que el conocimiento también es una travesía: se sale con una idea y se vuelve con otra, más verdadera. Biografía, libros y un plan de acción a diez años en el blog 👇

Eighteen men reached Seville in 1522 after the first voyage around the world. Others stayed behind in the Pacific, and of the 450 men on the Loaysa expedition only twelve came home. Tomás Mazón Serrano, an engineer born in Alicante and author of books on Elcano, Espinosa and Loaysa, has spent years hunting for them in the archives: original documents, hypotheses, patience. A reminder that knowledge is also a voyage: you set out with one idea and return with a truer one. Biography, books and a ten-year action plan on the blog 👇

1522an, hemezortzi gizon iritsi ziren Sevillara, lehen munduaren inguruko bira osatu ondoren. Beste batzuk Ozeano Barean geratu ziren, eta Loaysaren espedizioko 450 gizonetatik hamabi baino ez ziren itzuli. Alacanten jaiotako ingeniari Tomás Mazón Serranok urteak daramatza haien bila artxiboetan: Elcano, Espinosa eta Loaysari buruzko liburuen egilea da. Bere metodoa: jatorrizko dokumentuak, hipotesiak eta pazientzia. Ezagutza ere bidaia bat da: ideia batekin abiatu eta egiazkoago den beste batekin itzultzen gara. Biografia, liburuak eta hamar urteko ekintza-plana blogean 👇

En 1522, dix-huit hommes débarquent à Séville après le premier tour du monde. D&#39;autres sont restés dans le Pacifique, et sur les 450 hommes de l&#39;expédition Loaysa, douze seulement sont rentrés. Tomás Mazón Serrano, ingénieur né à Alicante et auteur de livres sur Elcano, Espinosa et Loaysa, les cherche depuis des années dans les archives : documents originaux, hypothèses, patience. Rappel que la connaissance aussi est une traversée : on part avec une idée, on revient avec une autre, plus juste. Biographie, livres et plan d&#39;action sur dix ans sur le blog 👇&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2113553404349850082?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 23, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/tomas-mazon-reescribe-la-primera-vuelta.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/0BDJ8_zHXw4/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12073532.post-4190452390391430326</guid><pubDate>Wed, 21 Oct 2026 19:12:48 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2026-10-21T21:16:57.655+02:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">bizkaia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">fotografía</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Fotógrafas</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">historia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">igualdad</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">intrahistoria</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">puente colgante</category><title>Eulalia Abaitua: Pionera de la fotografía vasca</title><description>&lt;center&gt;  
&lt;iframe allow=&quot;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; referrerpolicy=&quot;strict-origin-when-cross-origin&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/KVHEyUqTX7g?si=ihYCbo74-dhNcOqo&quot; title=&quot;YouTube video player&quot; width=&quot;533&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Proseguimos la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.agirregabiria.net/search/label/Fot%C3%B3grafas&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;serie de posts dedicados a fotógrafas (entradas)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, con l&lt;/span&gt;a pionera que capturó la intrahistoria de Bizkaia:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulalia_de_Abaitua_y_Allende-Salazar&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Eulalia Abaitua&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Ella nos ofrece la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;memoria visual de un mundo que desapareció, con las mujeres y sus oficios de antaño como c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;ostureras, sardineras y lavanderas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;¿Cómo era la vida en Bizkaia hace más de cien años? ¿Cómo vestían nuestras bisabuelas, dónde trabajaban y qué rostros poblaban las calles, los caseríos y los puertos? Y, sobre todo, ¿cuántas veces miramos fotografías antiguas sin saber quién apretó el disparador?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;En 1906, &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bilbaomuseoa.eus/es/obras/feria-internacional-de-bilbao-de-1972/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Elespuru Hermanos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; editó en Bilbao la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Reseña de las fiestas de Elorrio&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;, obra de &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/biografias/6125-aristides-de-artinano-y-zuricalday&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Arístides de Artiñano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Varias fotografías de aquel libro (en las páginas 123, 132, 134 y 135) llevan este escueto crédito: «&lt;b&gt;Fotografía de la Sra. de Olano&lt;/b&gt;». Esa señora ocultaba tras el apellido de su marido su verdadera identidad: Eulalia Abaitua (1853-1943), la primera fotógrafa vasca de la que tenemos noticia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;Una mujer que convirtió su afición en un extraordinario testimonio histórico.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Nació en Bilbao el 25 de enero de 1853. Fue bautizada con los nombres de &lt;b&gt;María Elvira Juliana&lt;/b&gt;, pero tras fallecer su madre, &lt;b&gt;Eulalia Allende-Salazar Eguía&lt;/b&gt;, cuando la niña apenas tenía un mes (el 12 de febrero), la familia pasó a llamarla Eulalia en su memoria. Su vida experimentó un giro decisivo al trasladarse a Inglaterra. Con dieciocho (18) años se casó en &lt;b&gt;Liverpool&lt;/b&gt;, el 16 de mayo de 1871, con el ingeniero &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://portal.cajasur.es/opencms/export/sites/default/portal-cajasur/conocenos/obra-social/cultural/Publicaciones/Fondos_Antiguos/descargas/Eulalia_Abaitua.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Juan Narciso de Olano y Picavea de Lesaca&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, en una curiosa doble boda donde su hermano Felipe desposó a Ana, la hermana del novio.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHNNlbELYZhrgzGBTN5e4wQF_bHzGTbJ4euQ0yiprYWgxoIHnUcfDkjUCa6JLVh_HgfXo1P5vIP_72-tALnfD2Tpcbj9MIElj6PwmUlqLNBJkp7Ra95Zt8yDjIoNOJdDkDJ_xA2P-r1LAnXYt5OVOOooQ_9bCw24b-KBVB2ut12SgtUl4tJQAu/s2176/Gemini_Generated_Image_n9hdiqn9hdiqn9hd.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; display: block; float: right; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;1952&quot; data-original-width=&quot;2176&quot; height=&quot;236&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHNNlbELYZhrgzGBTN5e4wQF_bHzGTbJ4euQ0yiprYWgxoIHnUcfDkjUCa6JLVh_HgfXo1P5vIP_72-tALnfD2Tpcbj9MIElj6PwmUlqLNBJkp7Ra95Zt8yDjIoNOJdDkDJ_xA2P-r1LAnXYt5OVOOooQ_9bCw24b-KBVB2ut12SgtUl4tJQAu/w263-h236/Gemini_Generated_Image_n9hdiqn9hdiqn9hd.jpg&quot; width=&quot;263&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Fue en aquel entorno británico donde descubrió la fotografía, una tecnología que entonces exigía enormes conocimientos químicos y mucha paciencia, nada que ver con la inmediatez de nuestros teléfonos móviles actuales. A finales de la década de 1870, ya de vuelta en Bizkaia, la familia levantó en Begoña el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://museotik.euskadi.eus/es/pieza/palacio-del-pino/patrimonio-cultural/&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Palacio del Pino&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; con materiales ingleses (¡hasta instalaron un &lt;b&gt;campo de críquet&lt;/b&gt; en el jardín!). En los sótanos, Eulalia montó un riguroso laboratorio. Trabajaba con &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereoscopio&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;placas estereoscópicas de vidrio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; que, vistas en un visor binocular, devolvían un asombroso relieve de la escena.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Mientras buena parte de la fotografía de la época se concentraba en personajes distinguidos, posados artificiales y telones de estudio, ella sacó su pesado equipo al aire libre —con luz natural y siempre junto a &lt;b&gt;una joven ayudante&lt;/b&gt; de la que, tristemente, ignoramos el nombre—. Fotografiaba a quienes casi nadie miraba. Retrató a su familia, sí, pero también documentó las profundas transformaciones sociales de entre siglos: la inmutabilidad de los ancianos en el &lt;b&gt;valle de Arratia&lt;/b&gt;, el incipiente paisaje industrial de la ría, las regatas y los embarcaderos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hemos observado a lo largo de los años que su mayor aportación es haber documentado el trabajo femenino, otorgando a las mujeres el centro exacto de la imagen. &lt;b&gt;Lavanderas de Los Caños&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;sardineras, costureras, campesinas, hilanderas y cargueras&lt;/b&gt; no son figuras anónimas en un relato secundario. Aparecen en plena faena, con sus herramientas y gestos. Es cierto que leemos estas placas con cautela, porque no dejan de ser la mirada de una mujer acomodada sobre el mundo obrero, pero desprenden un enorme respeto. Gracias a ellas, hoy complementamos los archivos escritos y podemos estudiar nuestra intrahistoria.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_bKzGEGJNvbvmpzrdL2r2j0k9rl2yhzwu8_NLpBJ9sgAohf1I3QvL8Xayu15URJDCS7YGLSxywHpT4ye4FB9NPDVT8YQT66t6Srr-ISOEDAeGUiC1-8tw7gF52TFdTnWDBbIAUOMZMM4CJXPU0rastuR6v4UgHe6GVGiie0Xggtrmt-9EyqF1/s786/0901a0fe81476007.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;782&quot; data-original-width=&quot;786&quot; height=&quot;233&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_bKzGEGJNvbvmpzrdL2r2j0k9rl2yhzwu8_NLpBJ9sgAohf1I3QvL8Xayu15URJDCS7YGLSxywHpT4ye4FB9NPDVT8YQT66t6Srr-ISOEDAeGUiC1-8tw7gF52TFdTnWDBbIAUOMZMM4CJXPU0rastuR6v4UgHe6GVGiie0Xggtrmt-9EyqF1/w234-h233/0901a0fe81476007.jpg&quot; width=&quot;234&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;Falleció el 16 de septiembre de 1943, con noventa (90) años. Tuvimos que esperar hasta 1990 para su primera exposición pública,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gure Aurreko Andrak&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;, donde &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Schommer&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Alberto Schommer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; la comparó con una reportera de la &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agencia_Magnum&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;agencia Magnum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. Hoy, el &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Vasco_(Bilbao)&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Euskal Museoa-Museo Vasco de Bilbao&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; conserva unas 2.500 de sus placas, un legado tan vivo que en este mismo 2026 ha inspirado la muestra&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Kameratik Orratzera. De la cámara a la aguja&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;, reconstruyendo prendas físicas reales a partir de los detalles de indumentaria observados en sus imágenes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;Recomendamos encarecidamente explorar sus fotografías en los fondos del Museo Vasco y detenernos ante la mirada de una lavandera o una mujer que regresa del mercado; la historia no está tan lejos como pensábamos. Sugerimos también leer la biografía de &lt;b&gt;Maite Jiménez Ochoa de Alda en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ojs.ehu.eus/index.php/Bidebarrieta&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Bidebarrieta&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;(2010) &lt;/b&gt;y ver el &lt;b&gt;documental&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cinetecamadrid.com/es/pelicula/norberaren-gela-una-habitacion-propia&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Norberaren gela&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;(2021)&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;p1&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-width: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Por nuestra parte, mantenemos en casa un reto modesto: en cinco (5) años, identificar, fechar y copiar las cien (100) fotografías más antiguas de nuestras familias para cederlas al archivo municipal. Cada 25 de enero, en su aniversario, evaluamos si cumplimos la meta de veinte (20) imágenes al año. Así ningún rostro de nuestros álbumes quedará sin nombre.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;i&gt;La fotografía es, antes que nada, una manera de mirar&lt;/i&gt;&quot; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s4&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Argazkilaritza, ezer baino lehen, begiratzeko modu bat da&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s3&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;), según &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Sontag&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Susan Sontag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Eskerrik asko, Eulalia!&lt;/p&gt;
  
  &lt;blockquote class=&quot;twitter-tweet&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;En 1906, varias fotografías de un libro sobre las fiestas de Elorrio llevaban este crédito: «Fotografía de la Sra. de Olano». Era Eulalia Abaitua (Bilbao, 1853-1943), la primera fotógrafa vasca de la que se tiene noticia. https://t.co/fIoPYBuIBm Con placas estereoscópicas y luz natural retrató sardineras, lavanderas, labradores y la ría. El Euskal Museoa Bilbao guarda unas 2.500 placas suyas. Su archivo llegó desordenado y con personas sin nombre; el nuestro aún está a tiempo: nombra, fecha y copia tus fotos de familia. Post completo: [enlace] #EulaliaAbaitua #Bilbao #Fotografía #Euskadi

In 1906, several photographs in a book on the Elorrio festivities carried this credit: “Photograph by Mrs. Olano.” She was Eulalia Abaitua (Bilbao, 1853–1943), the first Basque woman photographer on record. Using stereoscopic glass plates and natural light, she portrayed sardine sellers, washerwomen, farmers and the Bilbao estuary. The Euskal Museoa Bilbao holds some 2,500 of her plates. Her archive arrived in disarray, full of unnamed faces; ours still has time: name, date and copy your family photos. Full post: [link] #EulaliaAbaitua #Bilbao #Photography #Basque

1906an, Elorrioko jaiei buruzko liburu bateko argazki batzuek kreditu hau zuten: «Olano andrearen argazkia». Eulalia Abaitua zen (Bilbo, 1853-1943), Euskal Herrian ezagutzen den lehen argazkilaria. Beirazko plaka estereoskopikoekin eta argi naturalarekin, sardina-saltzaileak, arropa-garbitzaileak, nekazariak eta itsasadarra erretratatu zituen. Bilboko Euskal Museoak haren 2.500 bat plaka gordetzen ditu. Artxiboa nahastuta iritsi zen, izenik gabeko jendez betea; gurea garaiz dago: jarri izena eta data zure familiako argazkiei, eta egin kopiak. Sarrera osoa: [esteka] #EulaliaAbaitua #Bilbo #Argazkigintza #Euskadi

En 1906, plusieurs photographies d’un livre sur les fêtes d’Elorrio portaient ce crédit : « Photographie de Mme Olano ». C’était Eulalia Abaitua (Bilbao, 1853-1943), la première photographe basque connue. Avec des plaques de verre stéréoscopiques et la lumière naturelle, elle a photographié sardinières, lavandières, paysans et la ría. L’Euskal Museoa de Bilbao conserve environ 2 500 de ses plaques. Son fonds est arrivé en désordre, peuplé de visages sans nom ; pour le nôtre, il est encore temps : nommez, datez et copiez vos photos de famille. Article complet : [lien] #EulaliaAbaitua #Bilbao #Photographie #PaysBasque&lt;/p&gt;— Mikel Agirregabiria (@agirregabiria) &lt;a href=&quot;https://x.com/agirregabiria/status/2112986249057493231?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&quot;&gt;October 21, 2026&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
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  &lt;/center&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;blogger-post-footer&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://feeds.feedburner.com/MikelAgirregabiria&quot;&gt;Recibe mis nuevas entradas a diario&lt;/A&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://blog.agirregabiria.net/2026/10/eulalia-abaitua-pionera-de-la.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Mikel Agirregabiria)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://img.youtube.com/vi/KVHEyUqTX7g/default.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>