MEADinfo

JIS S45C - Mild Steel - An Overview

2010-03-02T22:27:00.005+05:30

S45C is a medium strength steel. Suitable for shafts studs, keys etc. Available as rolled or normalised. Supplied as square bar, or round bar or flat. They are very cheap, excelling in weldability & machinability , and they can be subjected to various heat treatments.

S45C Mechanical Properties

Density (kg/m3)    7700-8030
Young’s Modulus (GPa)    190-210
Tensile Strength (Mpa)    550 – 700 MPa
Yield Strength (Mpa)    505
Poisson's ratio 0.27-0.30

S45C Hardness

Brinell Hardness (HB) 170

JIS S45C Equivalents

DIN Equivalents for JIS S45C

C45, CK45, CF45, CQ45

ASTM Equivalents for JIS S45C

ASTM A29 , ASTM A510 , ASTM A519 , ASTM A576 , ASTM A682

SAE Equivalents for JIS S45C

SAE J403 , SAE J412 , SAE J414

AISI Equivalents for JIS S45C

AISI 1045, AISI 1046

EN Equivalents for JIS S45C

EN-8 / BS 970 080M40

S45C Chemical Composition

Carbon (C) 0.42% – 0.48%

Silicon (Si) 0.15% – 0.35%

Manganese (Mn) 0.3% – 0.9%

Phosphorus (P) 0.030% Max

Sulphur (S) 0.035% Max

Heat Treatment

The following temperature ranges are applicable for the respective heat treatment operations.
Full Annealing 800 - 850°C
Normalising 840 – 880°C

Hardening 820 – 860°C
Quenching medium Water or Oil
Tempering 550 – 660°C

Interesting Creativity – Roll Top

2010-03-02T13:57:00.001+05:30

Check out this concept, really interesting concept with lot of engineering challenges to make it real.

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Crash Course in Milling - Video Training

2010-02-18T21:07:00.003+05:30

Following milling video training is a YouTube playlist. Enjoy this informative training. Note that you can change the quality (360p, 480p, 720p) of playback which suits your bandwidth.

Training Index

Basic Machine Anatomy
Basic Operation
CNC Mill Operation
Work Holding
Work Locating
Tool Holding
Face Milling
Choosing & Using End mills
Drilling, Tapping, and Boring

The Engineers' Creed

2010-02-10T15:00:00.002+05:30

“As a Professional Engineer I dedicate my professional knowledge and skill to the advancement and betterment of human welfare.

I pledge:

To give the utmost of performance;
To participate in none but honest enterprise;
To live and work according to the laws of man and the highest standards of professional conduct;
To place service before profit, the honor and standing of the profession before personal advantage, and the public welfare above all other considerations.

In humility and with need for Divine Guidance, I make this pledge.”

Courtesy: National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE)

Believe Your Eyes This Is Drawn In AutoCAD

2010-02-08T00:09:00.001+05:30

This incredible sketch was created in AutoCAD. It references an AutoCAD solid model of a martini glass and uses the new free sketching add-in for AutoCAD based on the alias sketching technology. Watch the following video.

Watch some more videos of AutoCAD Alias Sketch Capabilities Here

1. Add Building to Existing Site Image

2. Alterations to Existing Building Sketch

3. 2D/3D Hybrid Architectural Concept Illustration

This wonderful new tool you can create sketches inside AutoCAD. Create amazing 3D concept sketches inside AutoCAD and present your ideas in style.

What Autodesk Says About Alias Sketch

“Autodesk Alias Sketch for AutoCAD Technology Preview adds fully integrated painting, illustration and image manipulation capabilities to enhance the AutoCAD design workflow, making AutoCAD a much broader creative tool. With Alias Sketch for AutoCAD users will be able to:

Leverage freehand drawing techniques with pen based interaction

Create blank screen illustrations

Create artwork or import images to graphically express the context of designs, something previously requiring multiple applications to achieve

Manipulate and composite images to quickly create variations for design exploration

Free-hand markup (annotate) directly on top of AutoCAD geometry“

Toyota Poised to Recall 270,000 Prius Cars !!!

2010-02-06T00:48:00.002+05:30

“Japan's Nikkei newspaper reported that Toyota is poised to recall 2,70,000 gas-and-electric Prius vehicles (model ZVW30) sold in the US and Japan between May and December 2009, due to a flaw in the car's anti-lock braking system.

Takayuki Fujimoto, a transport ministry official, said the government has yet to receive a recall notice from Toyota. "Nothing has been decided on whether we will recall or not", he stated. Toyota cannot announce a recall in Japan until it notifies the ministry, but said it was currently discussing how to deal with the issue with Japan's transport ministry and U.S. safety authorities.

Toyota has faced a US lawsuit alleging it covered up safety problems. The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration launched a formal investigation into the braking problems on Feb 3rd 2010 after 124 complaints from consumers.

Since May 2009, two hundred thousand new Prius cars (model ZVW30) have been sold in Japan and another 103,200 in the United States.” Courtesy: Wikkinews

Updates:-

Rotate Models with Mouse on Inventor 2010

2010-02-04T22:36:00.005+05:30

For those how are new to Autodesk Inventor normally find it difficult to rotate model with mouse button click itself as most of the 3D software like SolidWorks or Pro/Engineer we used middle button to rotate (Spin) our models. At last Inventor 2010 has got this feature now we can spin models by simply pressing 'Shift' and holding Middle Mouse Button (Usually Wheel) and then move the mouse to get desired spin. Just like Shift+ Middle Button for AutoCAD 3D orbit.

SolidWorks 2010 Sheet Metal Enhancements

2009-12-06T13:23:00.001+05:30

Multi-body Support for Sheet Metal Parts

The biggest enhancement in SolidWorks 2010 Sheetmetal is the support of multi body, this simplifies the creation of complex sheet-metal designs. This new functionality lets you incorporate designs that include other sheet-metal or weldment parts. Thus now we can incorporate weldments or other sheet-metal parts in sheet metal mode.

Sheet-Metal Export to DXF/DWG Enhancements

The new DXF/DWG PropertyManager exports sheet-metal files to .dxf or .dwg files, speeding the creation of files for manufacturing operations. This tool allows you to confirm and edit what will be contained in the export file so you can quickly remove unwanted items, such as bend lines or the edges of countersunk holes. This in turn allows real-time verification and editing of what is being exported and drastically decrease the number of export steps.

Other New Capabilities

Improved edge flange, miter flange, selective fold/unfold, rip, tear, and auto-relief functionality. Design in flat or bent states with equal flexibility, and create flat patterns automatically, or instantly create sheet-metal designs directly from 3D solid models.

Download AutoCAD 2010 Training Books

2009-12-05T21:48:00.002+05:30

Download AutoCAD 2010 tutorials in pdf format along with work files. These Autodesk tutorials given away free to promote its latest edition. This tutorials also provides you with a basic understanding of new parametric drawing, familiarizes you with geometric and dimensional constraints, and introduces you to controlling a design with formulas and parameters.

No	Title	eBook	Work Files
1	Getting Started with the Basics in AutoCAD 2010	Download	Download
2	Drawing Setup in AutoCAD 2010	Download	Download
3	Drawing Objects in AutoCAD 2010	Download	Download
4	Precision Drawing in AutoCAD 2010	Download	-
5	Modify Object Properties and Layers in AutoCAD 2010	Download	Download
6	Create Basic 3D Objects	Download	Download
7	Create 3D Objects from 2D Objects	Download	Download
8	Create a 3D Environment to Draw 3D Models	Download	Download
9	Control the Workplane	Download	Download
10	Design with Parametric Constraints in AutoCAD 2010	Download	Download

World’s Fastest Diesel Car – JCB DieselMax

2009-11-19T17:11:00.017+05:30

This is JCB’s Dieselmax owns the record of world’s fastest diesel car with 350.092 mph / 563.41 kph. The previous diesel land speed record is 236mph (380km/h), set in August 1973. The Dieselmax car is powered by two turbo-charged JCB engines built at the company's plant at Rocester.

Dieselmax is also the first car designed entirely by computer. To facilitate visualization of the overall car, Piper's team generated a highly detailed 2D electronic computer model of the car, revealing all of its components to help to identify the fit and practicality of each in relation to the others. A full-size mock-up was then built for final verification of all aspects of the concept before work started on the real car.

The Dieselmax's bodywork was designed by Ron Ayers, who shaped both the Bloodhound missile and Thrust SSC. The body is of carbon fibre, covering a square-tube space frame chassis.'The shape is long and low,' Leverton explains, 'but not as thin as we'd like because it's driven by the integration of the chassis and the engine. The under floor shape is critical because we want neutral lift and no down force. There are no radiators because they generate drag.' (Hence the ice-cooling.) 'The ride height is critical, as is the shape of the inner wheel arches at the front,' adds Leverton, pointing out that there will be salt spray at Bonneville, making clever wheel arch aerodynamics vital to divert the front wheels' spray away from the rear wheels to maximize traction on the powdery surface.

Engine Details

JCB 444 common rail injection diesel, bored and stroked to 5000 cc, dry sumped and inclined at 10 degrees. Twin compound turbochargers with twin compound intercoolers. Ice tank cooling (capacity 180 liters) with power of 750 bhp (560 KW) at 3800 rpm and torque 1105 lb.ft (1500 Nm) at 2000 rpm.

Gearbox Details

Forward transmission and final drive connected to forward engine; rear transmission and final drive unit connected to rear engine. Six-speed barrel-shift transmissions driven through torsional dampers and oil-immersed multi-plate clutches.

Two six-speed bespoke gearboxes are employed, one for each engine. The gearbox is mated to the engine using a JCB designed stepper gearbox arrangement utilizing oil-immersed multi-plate clutch packs from JCB's flagship 3CX Backhoe Loader. A torque tube encloses the gearbox and connects the final drive to the rest of the driveline. Gear shifting in both boxes is synchronized and controlled electronically with shift actuation via steering wheel-mounted paddle switches. Traction control will not be used, not just because it is outlawed by SCTA-BNI regulations but also because the aim all along has been to keep the car as simple as possible and the low Mu factor (coefficient of grip) of the salt will preclude very hard acceleration, which might induce wheel spin.

Other Specs of Dieselmax

Fuel Tank Capacity:- 9 liters

Steering:- Rack and pinion, to front wheels

Brakes:- Split circuit; unique design carbon rotors and twin stators.Exhaust brakes for front and rear engines, manually operated twin parachutes.

Suspension:- Independent all round via twin wishbones, coil springs and hydraulic dampers

Chassis:- Hybrid square steel tube space frame with bonded carbon composite panels

Body:- Aerodynamically designed - cdA <0.15m²; carbon composite materials

Wheels and tyres:- 23 x 15, Goodyear

Length:- 9091mm

Width:- 1145mm

Height:- 979mm(to top of canopy, at run speed) 1337mm (to top of fin)

Front Track:- 800mm

Rear Track:- 600mm

Wheel Base:- 5878mm

Weight:- 2700kg including fuel, oil, ice and water coolant and driver

What You Can Do with Autodesk Inventor 2010 - Videos

2009-11-15T17:52:00.002+05:30

Autodesk Inventor LT 2010 Overview

Autodesk Inventor LT helps you compete more effectively by making it more practical and affordable to add the productivity and quality benefits of 3D to your design processes, communicate in 3D and native DWG with others, and participate in Digital Prototyping workflows.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Assembly Design

The assembly modeling environment in Autodesk Inventor is the ideal environment to design, validate and optimize large machines from industrial plant and specialty vehicles to modern transportation systems with assemblies of tens or even hundreds of thousands of parts.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Plastic Part Design

Reduce time to market for high-quality molded parts. Learn how plastic part designers can optimize plastic part designs during the design phase and reduce their exposure to costly tooling changes.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Simulation

Predict how your design will work under real-world conditions before it is built. Comprehensive motion simulation and stress analysis tools integrated directly in Autodesk Inventor Professional software give you the power to optimize and validate product performance early in the design process.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Layout Design

Getting the initial design concept right is critical to the success of any project. Using the parametric sketch tools in Autodesk Inventor, you can quickly capture design ideas as versatile 2D layouts to evaluate different design ideas before creating detailed 3D part and assembly models.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Design and Manufacturing Documentation

Easily generate and share production-ready drawings with manufacturing teams and outside suppliers. With Autodesk Inventor, you generate engineering and manufacturing documentation directly from the digital prototype, helping you to reduce errors and deliver designs in less time.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 AEC Exchange

With the AEC Exchange technology in Autodesk Inventor, you can leverage the power of Digital Prototyping to design building systems AND provide the architects and MEP engineers with the 3D data they need to meet today’s challenges.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 AutoCAD Integration and DWG Interoperability

Save time and money by safely reusing your existing DWG designs in a 3D design environment. Inventor delivers industry-leading integration of 2D and 3D design through direct read and write of DWG with full associativity to the 3D design data so there is no risk of inaccurate translations.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Design Accelerators

Rapidly design, analyze, and create commonly used machine components based on functional requirements and design parameters such as speed, power and material properties.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Tube and Pipe Design

Be certain your pipe runs, rigid tubing, and flexible hose will fit properly by creating a digital prototype to provide accurate manufacturing documentation with the robust tubing and piping functionality in Autodesk Inventor Professional.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Cable and Harness Design

Inventor maintains electrical design intent and reduces errors by importing wire lists directly from AutoCAD Electrical or from other third-party schematic design applications with integrated detection and correction of missing connectors, pins, and wire definitions.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Sheet Metal Design

Rapidly design, analyze, and create commonly used machine components based on functional requirements and design parameters such as speed, power and material properties.

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Native Translators

Inventor includes a comprehensive suite of native translators so you can streamline projects that require working with files from vendors or customers who use different CAD software. You can easily exchange data between Inventor and CATIA V5, UGS®, SolidWorks®, and Pro/ENGINEER®.

Download Autodesk Inventor 2010 Tutorials

2009-11-14T16:37:00.001+05:30

Getting Started Guides (pdf)

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Getting Started Guide

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Routed Systems Getting Started Guide

Autodesk Inventor 2010 Simulation Getting Started Guide

Tutorials (chm)

Download Autodesk Inventor 2010 Tutorials

Download Autodesk Inventor Routed System 2010 Tutorials

Download Autodesk Inventor Simulation 2010 Tutorial

Overview

Autodesk Inventor 2010 comes with several new features to compete with Pro/Engineer and SolidWorks. Simulation, Routed Systems, Tooling and Mold Design has several new functionalities that will definitely test other high end 3D software. A trial download of Autodesk Inventor 2010 for US and Canadian users with just filling a simple form.

What’s New

1. Plastic Part Design

Autodesk Inventor 2010 design software also offers plastic parts designers maximum flexibility by combining native Inventor geometry with exterior surface models designed using the Autodesk® Alias software family of products or other Industrial design applications. In addition, Inventor software helps to automate key aspects of the design of injection molds for plastic parts.

2. Layout Design

Getting the initial design concept right is the key to a successful project. Move your initial design studies from paper by using the new sketch block capabilities in Autodesk Inventor 2010 to develop initial concept sketches and kinematic models.

3. Simulation

The enhanced simulation environment provides improved support for motion simulation and static and modal finite element analysis at both the part and assembly level.

4. BIM Interoperability

The enhanced AEC Exchange tool in Autodesk Inventor 2010 simplifies the exchange of data for use in building design. AEC Exchange allows users to publish data files with simplified 3D representations and intelligent connection points for use in building models created using Autodesk® Revit® MEP and Autodesk® Revit® Architecture software.

5. Usability and Productivity

Autodesk Inventor 2010 enhances usability and productivity with the introduction of a modern task-based user interface and a large group of user-requested enhancements.

Reference

http://usa.autodesk.com

What It Takes to Create Design Sketch for Toyota Venza

2009-11-12T21:36:00.004+05:30

Venza Project Chief Designer Ian Cartabiano sketches the 2009 Toyota Venza in this time-lapse video. From a plain paper to the final design sketch. Its just a start, now you can imagine the effort put in to make it real.

T27 – Most Efficient Electric Car On Earth from a F1 Designer

2009-11-11T11:27:00.013+05:30

An ex-Formula One designer, Gordon Murray has revealed the prototype for what he believes will be the world's most efficient electric car. Gordon Murray showed off the petrol version of his T27 vehicle yesterday at the launch of a £9million project to develop a new, all-electric affordable urban car. The former McLaren designer will oversee the development of four prototypes over the next 16 months.

The manufacturing process, called iStream, has received £9m of investment, half of which came from the government's Technology Strategy Board. iStream plants can be just one fifth of the size of a conventional car factory, as the cars are not made from stamped steel. All the parts are designed by computer and welded together rather than being stamped out of metal sheets, explained David Bott, director of innovation platforms at the Technology Strategy Board. "It's a very radical approach to manufacturing," he told the BBC. "Usually you talk about high value, or low carbon, or resource efficient manufacturing - this ticks all those boxes."

The T27 car is designed for city or town use. Its predecessor, the T25, weighs 600kg - half the weight of an average small family car. "Cars don't tend to be heavy because of safety; they tend to be heavy because of luxury," added Mr Bott. "The tubular frame of the T27 is designed to absorb energy. It will pass all the relevant safety tests." Gordon Murray, F1 designer and inventor of iStream, has been refining the technology since 1999, and has recruited former colleagues from his days at F1.

"The thinking is similar to McLaren's," he said. "It's all about efficiency and being lightweight, but in urban vehicles." The most expensive part of any electric car is the battery, he added. So in order to be energy efficient, they need to be lightweight. The T27 can reach 60 miles per hour and is designed to travel up to 100 miles in between recharges. "It's for commuting, picking the kids up, that sort of thing," said Mr Murray, who drives a Smartcar. "We're not saying get rid of your station wagon but it's where car use must go - rather than having a couple of big cars in the family."

R600a Isobutene Refrigerant – The Nature Friendly Way

2009-11-10T23:40:00.001+05:30

Isobutane (R600a) is a naturally occurring refrigerant. Isobutane (R600a) and CO₂are the two mostly discussed and researched refrigerants for the future. And both with low global warming potential and ozone depletion potential are excellent refrigerants for a nature friendly refrigeration and air-conditioning. But with research on carbon dioxide cycles are still in a premature stage, R600a cycles can use current vapor compression systems with little design tweaking. Recent concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases (R12, R134a) have led to increased use of isobutane (R600a) as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers.

Uses

- Refrigerant

- Geothermal power generation

- Aerosol sprays

- Feedstock in the petrochemical industry

- Portable Camp Stoves

Properties

Molecular formula:- C₄H₁₀

Molar mass:- 58.12 g mol⁻¹

Appearance:- colorless gas

Density:- 2.51 kg/m³, gas (15 °C, 1atm) 593.4 kg/m³, liquid

Melting point:- -159.6 °C, 114 K, -255 °F

Boiling point:- -11.7 °C, 261 K, 11 °F

Solubility in water:- Insoluble

Ozone depletion potential (ODP):- 0

Global warming potential (GWP):- 3

Flash point:- Flammable gas

Download FMEA Template for AIAG and Six Sigma

2009-11-04T15:29:00.002+05:30

FMEA is one of the most widely used procedures for analysis of potential failure modes. This FMEA template can be used for process, design, concept, equipment, service, system and software FMEA analysis. It can also used with AIAG and Six-Sigma standards. The purpose of the FMEA is to take actions to eliminate or reduce failures, starting with the highest-priority ones. It may be used to evaluate risk management priorities for mitigating known threat vulnerabilities. FMEA helps select remedial actions that reduce cumulative impacts of life-cycle consequences (risks) from a systems failure (fault).

Click Here To Download FMEA Template for AIAG and Six-Sigma

A Solar Cell with World’s Highest Efficiency of 35.8%

2009-10-27T13:19:00.001+05:30

Sharp Corporation has achieved the world’s highest solar cell conversion efficiency*¹ of 35.8%*² using a triple-junction compound solar cell.

Unlike silicon-based solar cells, the most common type of solar cell in use today, the compound solar cell utilizes photo-absorption layers made from compounds consisting of two or more elements such as indium and gallium. Due to their high conversion efficiency, compound solar cells are used mainly on space satellites. Since 2000, Sharp has been advancing research and development on a triple-junction compound solar cell that achieves high conversion efficiency by stacking three photo-absorption layers.

To boost the efficiency of triple-junction compound solar cells, it is important to improve the crystallinity (the regularity of the atomic arrangement) in each photo-absorption layer (the top, middle, and bottom layer). It is also crucial that the solar cell be composed of materials that can maximize the effective use of solar energy.

Conventionally, Ge (germanium) is used as the bottom layer due to its ease of manufacturing. However, in terms of performance, although Ge generates a large amount of current, the majority of the current is wasted, without being used effectively for electrical energy. The key to solving this problem was to form the bottom layer from InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide), a material with high light utilization efficiency. However, the process to make high-quality InGaAs with high crystallinity was difficult.

Sharp has now succeeded in forming an InGaAs layer with high crystallinity by using its proprietary technology for forming layers. As a result, the amount of wasted current has been minimized, and the conversion efficiency, which had been 31.5% in Sharp’s previous cells, has been successfully increased to 35.8%.

Sharp achieved this breakthrough as part of a research and development initiative promoted by Japan’s New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)*³ on the theme of “R&D on Innovative Solar Cells”.

Based on these results, Sharp will continue its efforts toward even greater improvements in solar cell conversion efficiency.

*1 As of October 22, 2009, for non-concentrator solar cells at the research level (based on Sharp survey).

*2 Conversion efficiency confirmed by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST; one of the organizations around the world that officially certifies energy conversion efficiency measurements in solar cells) in September 2009. (Cell surface: approx. 1 cm²)

*3 The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is Japan’s public management organization for promoting research and development as well as for disseminating industrial, energy, and environmental technologies.

Tokai Challenger – Solar Race Car – A New Step Forward

2009-10-27T12:43:00.001+05:30

Tokai university’s ‘Tokai Challenger’ is a solar race car and is equipped with a total of 2176 solar cells, which collectively cover up to 6-square-meters of area. The solar cells, which are developed by Sharp Corp, are made up of triple-junction compound that use indium gallium phosphide, indium gallium arsenide and germanium. These Sharp solar cells boasting the highest level of conversion efficiency (35.8%) in the world and generates an output of 1.8KW. The solar energy harvested is used to fuel a brushless DC direct drive motor with an efficiency of about 97%.

A team from Tokai University will use this solar car in the Global Green Challenge, one of the world’s largest solar car races, to be held from October 24 to 31, 2009. At the time of this article Takai Challenger leading the race with 300kms lead. That's a fair amount of lead and think fully Sharp’s latest solar technology done the trick for them.

Honda’s Walking Chair – U3-X – An Interesting Concept

2009-09-27T21:22:00.004+05:30

Check this walking chair from Honda named as U3-X, with a unique directional wheel system that allows it to travel diagonally, as well as right, left, forward, and backward.It's basically a robotic unicycle.

The device is able to readjust itself so that instead of riders having to constantly balance themselves, the robotic unicycle does the compensating.

Honda pointed out in its unveiling video that the U3-X's seat is slightly higher than an average person's waistline, forcing riders to jump up slightly to sit on it and place their feet on a foot rest. This elevated height of the robotic unicycle leaves riders at relative eye level with passing pedestrians while in motion, according to Honda.

control technology that allows the device to respond to how its load shifts and readjust balance accordingly while on the go.

"The incline sensor detects the incline of the device based on the weight shift of the rider and determines the rider's intention in terms of the direction and speed. Based on the data, precise control is applied to return the device to an upright position, which achieves smooth and agile movements and simple operation by weight shift only," Honda said in a statement.

Failure - The Secret to Success

2009-09-19T12:55:00.005+05:30

Inspiring video from Honda, Check this out. Soichiro Honda's perspective towards technologies started a new era in auto industry. Like Honda's famous slogan "The Power of Dreams" here is another inspirational thought "Failure - The Secret to Success"

GM’s 100 kmpl Mileage Car – The Volt

2009-08-13T00:16:00.001+05:30

General motor claims that there latest car Volt will have a mind blowing mileage of 100kmpl. Isn't amazing ?

Interestingly Chevy Volt is an advanced electric-drive car called as Extended-Range Electric Vehicles or EREVs. An EREV will act as an electric car until its batteries are drained to a certain level, then it starts a small gasoline engine. That engine, interestingly will not drive the wheels but it merely acts as a generator to recharge the batteries. The Volt, GM says, can travel about 64kms at any speed before its onboard generator kicks in. As charger needs a constant torque, gasoline engine can fine tuned to achieve maximum efficiency. And electrical drives have efficiencies near to 90%. And which will effectively reduces the energy losses on the extra energy conversion (Electric to Mechanical).This car’s mileage yet to get conformed by federal government. Anyway surely its a good start for highly efficient cars for the days to come.

Specifications And Pricing

First 64 kms runs purely on battery

Overnight Charging Time 8 Hours

Power – Electric Motor - 150 Horse Power

Maximum Speed – 160 Kph

IC Engine Specifications:- Fuel – Petrol, 3 Cylinder Engine, 1600 CC

Introduction to Form Controls - GD&T

2009-08-12T10:42:00.003+05:30

Previous Chapter

Training Home

Next Chapter

As we finished the basics of GD&T, let us start learning each geometric dimensioning symbol in detail. Let us check have a look at the form controls.

There are four form controls namely Flatness, Straightness, Circularity, Cylindricity. Practically form controls are the least used gd&t controls as other tolerances we apply will have sufficient control to satisfy parts functional requirements. Note that form controls never use a datum reference. Let learn about each of these form controls on future chapters

Previous Chapter

Training Home

Next Chapter

GoGreen at SolidWorks Design Contest

2009-08-09T01:32:00.001+05:30

DesignBetterProducts.in & Solidworks announces a design contest for Indians. The primary motive is to build environment friendly products. Quoting from the mother site.

“Now that you have come and got a feel of the community we feel it’s time to put into action a promise we made to ourselves while conceptualizing this community. We promised to make this place a hub of activity all the year long. The activity could be anything from an expert’s opinion to a nationwide contest.

The world is undergoing a transformation, where mere ideation is no longer thought to be “pathbreaking”- unless a practical implementation is made possible. Being environment friendly, while not compromising on efficiency and/or bringing increased functionality, is one such revolution. Revolutions need innovativeness in product design tweaked to suit the needs of the day; something that has never been thought to be so crucial.

DesignBetterProducts celebrates the spirit behind such world changing endeavours and is proud to present the GoGreen@SolidWorks contest.
As with every contest there are loads of questions that are favourites. Here are some FAQ’s to make things easier to understand:

1. What is GoGreen@SolidWorks ?

Ans. GoGreen@SolidWorks is a contest developed by Solidworks to encourage innovation in the field of environment friendly products. This is Solidworks way of saying that we care for the environment.

2. Am I eligible for it?

Ans. If you are a resident of India, you are all set to participate.

3. What do I have to do in it?

Ans. You have to design a product of your liking and evolve it in a way that makes it more efficient, usable or generally improves the quality of living, all this using the SolidWorks software.
Simply put participants are required to design sustainable products that would reduce dependency on non renewable energy resources and are environmentally friendly.

4. So what all can I do in it?

Ans. Participants will have 13 categories to choose from:

1.Sustainable Technologies
2.Mold Design
3.Safety Products
4.Packaging
5.Electronics Products
6.Aerospace And Defense
7.Automotive And Transportation
8.Consumer Products
9.Oil And Gas
10.Industrial Machinery
11.Medical Products
12.Design And Engineering
13.Others

5. When is the contest starting and when can I expect the results?

Ans. The contest will start on June 16th and entries will be accepted till August 16th. The results for the eligible entries will be announced by the first week of September.

Go Green at Solidworks Design Contest Participate Now

ProEngineer - Setting Drawing Scale Display Formatting

2009-08-07T12:24:00.001+05:30

Drawing scale display formatting is controlled by a drawing setup file option.

Steps

1. Right click and hold on any empty area on a drawing and select properties

2. Go to ‘Drawing Options’

3. Find drawing option called ‘view_scale_format’

4. Now change between decimal (default), fractional, ration_colon options.

5. Now change ‘view_scale_denominator’ to 2520 (LCM of 1 to 10). This step is essential for factional and ratio_colon formatting to correct to work perfectly

6. This step is optional, if you want you can save this drawing setup file to load automatically on ProE startup by setting drawing_setup_file <your dtl path> and pro_dtl_setup_dir <your dtl directory> on config.pro

Belleville Disc (Washer) Springs – An Overview

2009-08-04T17:17:00.002+05:30

A Belleville washer, also known as a Belleville disc spring, is a conical washer. And this conical shape which gives the washer a spring characteristic. Belleville disc spring one of the best alternative over coil spring is when there is size and space constraints. Disc Springs are often stacked to enhance performance characteristics. By stacking them in parallel, load bearing characteristics are enhanced. When stacked in series, greater deflection or travel is achieved.

Applications of Belleville Disc Springs

1. Alternative to coil spring when size and space are limited

2. Applications where need very high spring constant (for very high load applications)

3. Precise preloading of bolted connection

4. Flexible bolted connections

5. Protect bolts where large thermal expansion occurs

6. Spanning alignment holes, distributing bearing loads and for generating and sustaining the tension needed to hold assemblies together.

7. Heavy Duty Bolted section such as Bus Bars, Transformers, Rectifiers, Heat Exchangers, Transmission etc.

Types

1. Without Contact Flats:- These type will not have any flat surface at the contact area and if large forces are applied there are chances of particle generation.

2. With Contact Flats:- These type of washers provided with a machined flats on contact edges.

3. Serrated Belleville Washers:- These type of washer has the unique feature of radial serrations on both the concave and convex surfaces. When final flattening of the serrated safety washer occurs with the tightening of the screw, the serrations bite into the mating faces, thus preventing loosening of the screw caused by vibration.

Major Suppliers for Belleville Disc Springs

1.WCL

2. SCHNORR

3. Key Bellevilles

4. Belleville Springs

5. Solon Manufacturing Co.

Catalogs

1. WCL Belleville Catalog

2. Key Bellevilles Catalog

3. SCHNORR Unified Belleville Catalog

Common Materials Used

Steel - 50CrV4, CK75, 51CrV4, C 60S, C 67S, C 75S

Corrosion Resistant Steel - X 10 CrNi 18-8

Heat resistant steel - X 22 CrMoV 12-1, X 39 CrMo 17-1

Copper alloys - CuSn 8, CuBe 2

Standards Governing Belleville Disc Springs

DIN 2092, DIN 2093, DIN 6796

Note of caution

Note that spring constant (k) of Belleville disc spring are may not be constant. Don’t assume spring constant to be like in coil springs. So the force generated in Belleville disc spring may not proportional with deflection. Make sure that your design can take care this spring constant variation.

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Belleville Disc (Washer) Springs – An Overview

Applications of Belleville Disc Springs

Types