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	<title>Liberty Minnesota</title>
	
	<link>http://libertyminnesota.com</link>
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	<pubDate>Fri, 23 Apr 2010 21:08:05 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Founding Terrorists?</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2010/04/founding-terrorists/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2010/04/founding-terrorists/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Apr 2010 20:51:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/2010/04/founding-terrorists/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If King George&#8217;s troops had defeated the colonists, what would history books read today about our founders?
Would they be terrorists or radicals?
How much of our perception is based on the outcome?
If the South had successfully seceded and abolished slavery on their own, would you live today in the &#8220;free&#8221; South or the &#8220;federal&#8221; North?
Two revolutions, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If King George&#8217;s troops had defeated the colonists, what would history books read today about our founders?</p>
<p>Would they be terrorists or radicals?</p>
<p>How much of our perception is based on the outcome?</p>
<p>If the South had successfully seceded and abolished slavery on their own, would you live today in the &#8220;free&#8221; South or the &#8220;federal&#8221; North?</p>
<p>Two revolutions, two outcomes.  Two very different perceptions generations later.</p>
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		<title>Don’t “Fix” ObamaCare — Kill It</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2010/01/dont-fix-obamacare-kill-it/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2010/01/dont-fix-obamacare-kill-it/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Jan 2010 14:43:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[GOA]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[ObamaCare]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=387</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[From GOA this morning


Anti-gun ObamaCare on Life Support!
&#8211; ObamaCare needs one final stake through its heart
Gun Owners of America E-Mail Alert
8001 Forbes Place, Suite 102, Springfield, VA 22151
Phone: 703-321-8585 / FAX: 703-321-8408
http://gunowners.org 

Friday, January 22, 2010
Congratulations on a tremendous victory on Tuesday!  And thank you all for your help in getting Scott Brown elected to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>From GOA this morning</p>
<p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica; font-size: x-small;"></p>
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;">Anti-gun ObamaCare on Life Support!</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 17px;">&#8211; ObamaCare needs one final stake through its heart</p>
<p>Gun Owners of America E-Mail Alert<br />
8001 Forbes Place, Suite 102, Springfield, VA 22151<br />
Phone: 703-321-8585 / FAX: 703-321-8408<br />
<a href="http://gunowners.org/" target="_blank">http://gunowners.org </a></span></strong></p>
<p></span></div>
<div><strong>Friday, January 22, 2010</strong></p>
<p>Congratulations on a tremendous victory on Tuesday!  And thank you all for your help in getting Scott Brown elected to the U.S. Senate in Massachusetts.</p>
<p>Gun Owners of America was the first national gun lobby to endorse Brown, and with your aid, he was receiving more than one million dollars a day in his comeback win over anti-gun Martha Coakley.</p>
<p>With your help, Massachusetts &#8212; the bluest of blue states &#8212; has sent a message to Washington:  take your ObamaCare bill and shove it!</p>
<p>By a vote of 52% to 47%, Massachusetts voters sent anti-ObamaCare candidate Scott Brown to the Senate &#8212; defeating liberal icon Martha Coakley.  And D.C. Democrats are beginning to understand that GOP victories in New Jersey and Massachusetts are merely a precursor to the electoral bloodbath still to come in November.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Obama-Pelosi still committed to passing socialized health care</strong></span></p>
<p>But has the prospect of losing two hundred congressional seats caused Barack Obama and Nancy Pelosi to back off of their efforts to shove this bill down the throats of the American people?</p>
<p>Amazingly, no.</p>
<p>It&#8221;s like you stepped in something.  And, as much as you scrape and scrape the bottom of your shoe, you just can&#8221;t get rid of the smell.</p>
<p>At first, Pelosi&#8217;s strategy was to get the House to pass the Senate version of ObamaCare &#8212; verbatim &#8212; so that the bill goes straight to the Oval Office, without having to break another filibuster in the Senate (which no longer has a filibuster-proof majority).</p>
<p>Thankfully, there are SO MANY rank-and-file Democrats who have revolted against this strategy (Democrats who are scared to death of losing their seats) that Rep. Pelosi yesterday said the Senate bill is not viable&#8230; WITHOUT CHANGES.</p>
<p>&#8220;I don&#8217;t see the votes for [the Senate bill] at this time,&#8221; Pelosi said.  But note the words &#8220;at this time.&#8221;</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Despite huge obstacles, Pelosi trying to resurrect ObamaCare</strong></span></p>
<p>Pelosi did say there&#8217;s a &#8220;foundation in that bill&#8221; they can work with.  So Pelosi may just try to pass one big fix-up bill &#8212; using a &#8220;reconciliation&#8221; bill that will only need 51 votes when it goes to the Senate &#8212; or simply break up the Senate bill into smaller pieces and send those parts to the President.</p>
<p>But remember that the Senate health care bill which Pelosi now seeks to fix contains the following problems:</p>
<p><strong>*</strong> It will allow BATFE to troll a health/gun database in order to take away firearms from tens of millions of Americans;</p>
<p><strong>*</strong> It is jam-packed with billions of dollars of bribes paid to buy the votes of sleazy senators;</p>
<p>* It will impose a host of new taxes, force Americans to buy expensive insurance which they can&#8217;t afford, and increase insurance premiums in the individual market by 10 to 13%; and,</p>
<p><strong>*</strong> It will continue the bankrupting of our country by increasing the deficit by half a trillion dollars, when the underhanded accounting tricks are discounted.</p>
<p>You can be sure that most, if not all, of these problems will be left untouched.</p>
<p><strong>ACTION:</strong> So please contact your Representative.  Tell him or her to vote against the bribe-filled Senate ObamaCare bill, and that no amount of &#8220;fixing&#8221; will make this bill acceptable.  The Senate already tried to fix the gun problems in the bill but failed miserably.</p>
<p>You can use the <a href="http://capwiz.com/gunowners/issues/alert/?alertid=14588511&amp;PROCESS=Take+Action" target="_blank">Gun Owners Legislative Action Center</a> at <a href="http://www.gunowners.org/activism.htm" target="_blank">http://www.gunowners.org/activism.htm</a> to send a pre-written message to your Representative.</p>
<p><strong>&#8212;&#8211; Pre-written letter &#8212;&#8211;</strong></p>
<p>Dear Representative:</p>
<p>You are being urged by Nancy Pelosi to dive into the Senate&#8217;s moral cesspool and pass its ObamaCare bill &#8212; either cut up in pieces or, as a whole, accompanied by a &#8220;fix up&#8221; reconciliation bill.</p>
<p>If you do this, the Massachusetts results are just the faintest of forebodings of the electoral bloodbath which will erupt in November.</p>
<p>The American people have made it clear they do not want Nancy Pelosi and Harry Reid to cram this bill down our throats.  And yet, Pelosi delusionally concludes that the path to electoral success is to keep cramming and cramming and cramming and cramming.</p>
<p>In case you have forgotten, the Senate ObamaCare bill:</p>
<p>* Will allow BATFE to troll a health/gun database in order to take away firearms from tens of millions of Americans;</p>
<p>* Is jam-packed with billions of dollars of bribes paid to buy the votes of sleazy senators;</p>
<p>* Will impose a host of new taxes, force Americans to buy expensive insurance which they can&#8217;t afford, and increase insurance premiums in the individual market by 10 to 13%; and,</p>
<p>* Will continue the bankrupting of our country by increasing the deficit by half a trillion dollars, when the accounting tricks are discounted.</p>
<p>Please tell me now that you oppose this bill and that no amount of &#8220;fix up&#8221; will make it acceptable.  The Senate already tried to fix the gun problems in the bill but failed miserably.  It&#8217;s time to pull the plug on ObamaCare.</p>
<p>Sincerely,</p>
<hr />
<strong>Second Amendment March</strong></p>
<p>Check out the Second Amendment March speakers lineup.  In addition to GOA&#8217;s Larry Pratt, confirmed speakers include: Former Texas state Representative Suzanna Hupp (a survivor of the Luby&#8217;s massacre), Sheriff Richard Mack, Stewart Rhodes of Oath Keepers and many others.</p></div>
<div>
Find out more at: <a href="http://www.secondamendmentmarch.com/" target="_blank">http://www.secondamendmentmarch.com</a></p>
<hr /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Please do not reply directly to this message, as your reply will bounce back as undeliverable.</p>
<p>To subscribe to free, low-volume GOA alerts, go to: <a href="http://www.gunowners.org/ean.htm" target="_blank">http://www.gunowners.org/ean.htm</a>. Change of e-mail address may also be made at that location.</p>
<p>To unsubscribe send a message to <a href="mailto:gunowners_list@capwiz.mailmanager.net" target="_blank">gunowners_list@capwiz.mailmanager.net</a> with the word unsubscribe in the subject line or click on the link at bottom.</p>
<p>Problems, questions or comments? Please visit  <a href="http://gunowners.net/cgi-bin/ttx.cgi?cmd=newticket" target="_blank">http://gunowners.net/cgi-bin/ttx.cgi?cmd=newticket</a> or call 703-321-8585 during normal east coast business hours.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<p></span></p>
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		<title>Liberty and Legislating Morality</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/05/liberty-and-legislating-morality/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/05/liberty-and-legislating-morality/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2009 20:09:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Christ]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Jesus]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Legislation]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[liberty]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[thomas jefferson]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=377</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There is a common phrase that &#8220;you can&#8217;t legislate morality.&#8221;  Here I will touch on why this is no longer the case.
In conversation with my wife the other day I defined myself as a libertarian (small &#8216;l&#8217;).  The thought then raced through my head that in saying I am a libertarian I in no [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is a common phrase that &#8220;you can&#8217;t legislate morality.&#8221;  Here I will touch on why this is no longer the case.</p>
<p>In conversation with my wife the other day I defined myself as a libertarian (small &#8216;l&#8217;).  The thought then raced through my head that in saying I am a libertarian I in no way want to be associated with <a href="http://www.lp.org/">Libertarians</a> as there is no liberty in killing the unborn.</p>
<p>So I got to thinking.  Do I really believe in liberty?  Do I really believe that people should be able to do as they please as long as it doesn&#8217;t harm or intrude on anyone else?  &#8212; That has always been my definition of liberty.</p>
<p>Merriam-Webster gives us:</p>
<blockquote><p>lib·er·ty<br />
Pronunciation:<br />
\?li-b?r-t?\<br />
Function:<br />
noun</p>
<p>1: the quality or state of being free: a: the power to do as one pleases b: freedom from physical restraint c: freedom from arbitrary or despotic control d: the positive enjoyment of various social, political, or economic rights and privileges e: the power of choice</p></blockquote>
<p>Perhaps here it is defined in the view of the individual and not a group.  Certainly if someone can do anything they please, there is the potential for the people around them to not be free or have liberty.  Without a context of freedom and rights, this definition makes no sense.</p>
<p>So where do we get &#8220;freedom&#8221; and &#8220;rights&#8221;?  From Thomas Jefferson&#8217;s pen we know that:</p>
<blockquote><p>We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed <strong>by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights</strong>, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.</p></blockquote>
<p>From the Declaration of Independence we understand that these rights, which cannot be taken away, are from our Creator.  Certainly as our lives have been created we have the right to pursue those lives unobstructed.  I say unobstructed because if your pursuit of life and happiness forcibly takes life or happiness away from others, we no longer have common liberty.</p>
<p>So what if your neighbor&#8217;s pursuit of happiness is to have homosexual relations in his front yard in plain sight?  Or yell obscenities only when children are near?  Should one&#8217;s own pursuit of happiness include a constant effort to shield your family from the pursuit of others?  Or is there a common ground?<br />
It is well known that John Adams stated:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Our Constitution was made only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other.”</p></blockquote>
<p>So what is a &#8220;moral and religious people&#8221;?  And why did he yoke the two together inseparable?</p>
<p>Again Merriam-Webster tells us:</p>
<blockquote><p>mor·al<br />
Pronunciation:<br />
\?mo?r-?l, ?mär-\</p>
<p>1 a: of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior : ethical  b: expressing or teaching a conception of right behavior  c: conforming to a standard of right behavior d: sanctioned by or operative on one&#8217;s conscience or ethical judgment e: capable of right and wrong action</p></blockquote>
<p>and</p>
<blockquote><p>re·li·gious<br />
Pronunciation:<br />
\ri-?li-j?s\</p>
<p>1: relating to or manifesting faithful devotion to an acknowledged ultimate reality or deity</p></blockquote>
<p>So what Adams was saying is that the structure of government defined in our constitution only works if the people under the government know the difference between right and wrong and are held to judgment for actions under an ultimate reality (in some cases God).</p>
<p>So where does this leave us with our homosexual neighbor or the profanity slinger?  Are their actions right or wrong?  And who is to decide?  What is the ultimate measure of right and wrong?</p>
<p>For those who believe in the Pentateuch or Torah  the Ten Commandments are a guide.  For the Christians, Jesus narrowed the commandments down to:</p>
<blockquote><p>36&#8243;Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?&#8221; 37Jesus replied: &#8221; &#8216;Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.&#8217; 38This is the first and greatest commandment. 39And the second is like it: &#8216;Love your neighbor as yourself.&#8217; 40All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>But where does an atheist or agnostic get any sense of morality?  The answer is they don&#8217;t.  At least they don&#8217;t necessarily have a sense of right and wrong that is generally accepted.  Since they don&#8217;t answer to an ultimate reality they are allowed to create their own morality.  Since creating your own sense of right and wrong wouldn&#8217;t necessarily adhere to any principles or morality, I&#8217;ll call their morality pseudo-morality.  Without an ultimate reality, those with a pseudo-morality require that the government step in to serve the role of judge.  <strong>It is for those without God that we need to create legislation to define morality.</strong> How else would we protect the liberty of others from the pseudo morality of the homosexual neighbors.</p>
<p>In considering liberty and legislation, it is out of morality that we do not do that which may impose on the liberty and pursuit of happiness for others.  The moral person knows not to drive twice the speed limit while drunk because this may impose on the pursuit of happiness for others.  However, the pseudo-moral could claim they receive all their happiness from such actions.  Firing a weapon into a crowd may not injure anyone; however, there is the chance it would and we need to legislate to control those without the moral compass to know this is wrong.  If the government requires $10,000 per year per person to meet its obligations, who would pay this tab?  Only those who felt morally obligated would submit their taxes without legislation.</p>
<p>So with regard to the phrase you can&#8217;t legislate morality: <strong>if one is not to legislate morality, what else would one legislate?</strong> And it is true that we can not have liberty without a defined morality for all.</p>
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		<title>Congress Trying to Implement Medical Records Gun Ban</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/congress-trying-to-implement-medical-records-gun-ban/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/congress-trying-to-implement-medical-records-gun-ban/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2009 13:51:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Firearms]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[GOA]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Gun Owners]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[leadership]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Legislation]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[NRA]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=374</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Congress is moving closer to a showdown over the largest expansion of
government in modern U.S. history &#8212; a bill which would require
virtually every single American to buy government-approved health
insurance, whether they wanted it or not.  And, in the process, that
bill would feed all of your most confidential medical data into an
enormous database, which could be [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Congress is moving closer to a showdown over the largest expansion of<br />
government in modern U.S. history &#8212; a bill which would require<br />
virtually every single American to buy government-approved health<br />
insurance, whether they wanted it or not.  And, in the process, that<br />
bill would feed all of your most confidential medical data into an<br />
enormous database, which could be used to take away your guns.</p>
<p>This is a bit complicated.  But here&#8217;s where we are:</p>
<p>Once a year, the 1974 Budget Act allows Congress to pass a bill &#8211;<br />
solely for the purpose of balancing the budget &#8212; and that bill cannot<br />
be filibustered in the Senate.  Hence, it can be passed with only fifty<br />
Democrat votes (plus the vice president), without any Republican<br />
support.</p>
<p>Now, that supposed &#8220;budget-balancing bill&#8221; is called the &#8220;reconciliation<br />
bill&#8221; &#8212; and it can only be created if the annual budget resolution<br />
mandates it.</p>
<p>Three weeks ago, the Senate considered its version of the annual budget<br />
resolution.  Gun Owners of America asked you to oppose passage of the<br />
Senate version of the budget resolution for two reasons:</p>
<p>* First, although the Senate version of the bill did not contain<br />
language mandating the giant anti-gun database and the huge $10,000+<br />
per person government health mandate, the Pelosi-devised House version<br />
did.</p>
<p>* Second, although Senate Budget Committee Chairman Kent Conrad (D-ND)<br />
protested mightily that the Senate version did not mandate the anti-gun<br />
database and health mandate, GOA found out that Conrad intended all<br />
along to capitulate in House/Senate conference to the Pelosi language.</p>
<p>Now, the budget resolution has come back from conference, and guess<br />
what?</p>
<p>Budget Chairman Conrad stabbed us in the back, just as GOA thought he<br />
would.  His actions meant that Senators didn&#8217;t have to go on record<br />
voting for gun control the first time around.</p>
<p>The conference report gives Senate and House Republicans until September<br />
to cave in and agree to pass the anti-gun database and $10,000+ health<br />
mandate.  And, if they do not, the Left Wing Democratic leadership will<br />
pass their own bill with 50 Senate votes &#8212; and no Republicans.</p>
<p>And, incidentally, when we say &#8220;anti-gun database,&#8221; we mean that<br />
everything your kid told his pediatrician about whether you have a gun<br />
collection will be searchable by the government.  And people with<br />
Alzheimer&#8217;s, ADHD, and other disorders will begin losing their gun<br />
rights just as quickly as veterans &#8212; who have seen the ramifications of<br />
being on a government database.</p>
<p>Although the next vote on this budget resolution will not be the final<br />
battle in this eight-month war, GOA is asking senators and<br />
representatives to vote against the sleazy, corrupt budget resolution<br />
conference report &#8212; scheduled for a Senate vote this Wednesday.</p>
<p>Incidentally, the one thing that the federal government can do to reduce<br />
health costs is to remove the anti-gun federal laws which prohibit more<br />
Americans from using firearms to defend themselves and their families.</p>
<p>ACTION:</p>
<p>Contact your senators and representative.  Ask them to vote against the<br />
&#8220;fraud scheme&#8221; which the budget resolution conference report has become.</p>
<p>Please use the Gun Owners Legislative Action Center at<br />
<a href="http://www.gunowners.org/activism.htm" target="_blank">http://www.gunowners.org/activism.htm</a> to send your legislators the<br />
pre-written e-mail message below.</p>
<p>You can also call them toll-free at 1-877-762-8762.</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8211; Pre-written letter &#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>Dear</p>
<p>The budget resolution conference report would set the stage for<br />
legislation to require virtually every American to purchase<br />
government-approved health insurance.  And it would use government<br />
control over health insurance to require providers to feed our most<br />
confidential medical data into an anti-gun government database.</p>
<p>When I say &#8220;anti-gun database,&#8221; I mean that everything a kid tells his<br />
pediatrician about his dad&#8217;s gun collection will be searchable by the<br />
government.  And people with Alzheimer&#8217;s, ADHA, and other disorders will<br />
begin losing their gun rights just as quickly as veterans &#8212; who have<br />
seen the ramifications of being on a government database for the last<br />
decade.</p>
<p>The budget resolution was sold to the Senate under a lie.  Senators were<br />
told that the Senate version contained no &#8220;reconciliation instructions&#8221;<br />
when, all along, Budget Chairman Kent Conrad intended to immediately<br />
capitulate in conference.</p>
<p>Please show that such underhanded tactics are unacceptable in the<br />
Congress.  Please vote against the budget resolution conference report.</p>
<p>Sincerely,</p>
<p>GOA</p>
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		<title>GOA on Specter</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/goa-on-specter/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/goa-on-specter/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2009 13:34:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[AIG]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Eric Holder]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[GOA]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Gun Owners]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Second Amendment]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=372</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[First, Senator Arlen Specter provided the instrumental Republican
support to get anti-gun Attorney General Eric Holder confirmed by the
Senate.
Then, he singlehandedly pushed through the massive economic bailout, the
so-called stimulus bill, which contained several provisions of concern
to gun owners.
So it comes as no surprise that liberal anti-gun Specter, who has no
loyalty to the Constitution, also has no [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>First, Senator Arlen Specter provided the instrumental Republican<br />
support to get anti-gun Attorney General Eric Holder confirmed by the<br />
Senate.</p>
<p>Then, he singlehandedly pushed through the massive economic bailout, the<br />
so-called stimulus bill, which contained several provisions of concern<br />
to gun owners.</p>
<p>So it comes as no surprise that liberal anti-gun Specter, who has no<br />
loyalty to the Constitution, also has no loyalty to the political party<br />
that elected him.  Specter announced this week that he will leave the<br />
Republican Party and run as a Democrat in 2010.</p>
<p>Specter&#8217;s announcement comes only after poll after poll showed him<br />
trailing pro-gun conservative Pat Toomey in a Republican primary.</p>
<p>Specter thinks that changing parties will improve his chances of winning<br />
next year.</p>
<p>What he&#8217;s going to learn is that the voters of Pennsylvania are much<br />
more concerned about their Constitutional rights than they are with what<br />
political party a candidate belongs to.</p>
<p>Every time Attorney General Eric Holder opens his mouth and talks about<br />
reinstating the Clinton gun ban, gun owners know they have Arlen Specter<br />
to thank.</p>
<p>Back in early January, Sen. Specter said he had &#8220;grave concerns&#8221; about<br />
Eric Holder.  He made it sound like he was going to join other pro-gun<br />
Senators and oppose the Holder nomination.</p>
<p>Specter was only putting on a show.</p>
<p>After pretending to oppose Eric Holder, Sen. Specter provided the key<br />
support that brought the nomination to the floor of the Senate.</p>
<p>Why the big switch?</p>
<p>Simple.  When it looked like Specter was going to face a primary<br />
challenge from a real conservative, he talked tough and made it look<br />
like he was opposed to Holder.  Then for a while, it appeared that<br />
Specter would not have a serious challenge, so Specter flip-flopped and<br />
decided not to oppose Holder.</p>
<p>With people like Specter in office, it&#8217;s no wonder our gun rights are in<br />
such jeopardy.</p>
<p>At least gun owners have a clear choice in the next election.  Former<br />
Congressman Pat Toomey has again taken up the conservative, pro-gun<br />
mantle and will challenge the liberal incumbent.</p>
<p>Visit <a href="http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute" target="_blank">http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute</a> to support Pat Toomey<br />
for Senate.</p>
<p>Together, we can defeat the Senate&#8217;s most dangerous turncoat and replace<br />
him with a real Second Amendment defender.</p>
<p>Specter was one of three Republicans whose vote was needed to pass the<br />
bailout.  When one of the other two Senators expressed reservations,<br />
good old Arlen Specter stepped in and brought that Senator &#8220;back in<br />
line.&#8221;</p>
<p>Without Specter, there would be no $1 TRILLION bailout.</p>
<p>Really, by the time debt services and other frills of the &#8220;socialism<br />
bill&#8221; are accounted for, the cost will be over $3 TRILLION!</p>
<p>The debt foisted upon us by Arlen Specter will be passed on to<br />
succeeding generations, AND the bailout is being used as a tool of the<br />
anti-gun left.</p>
<p>You see, the bailout bill contains provisions that can fund anti-gun<br />
activist organizations like ACORN and Moveon.org to the tune of hundreds<br />
of millions &#8212; even billions &#8212; of your taxpayer dollars.</p>
<p>The bailout also contains provisions to require your doctor to<br />
retroactively put your confidential medical records in a government<br />
database.  Medical records have already been used to deny about 200,000<br />
military veterans their Second Amendment rights, and that situation will<br />
be made worse for all citizens thanks to the Specter bailout bill.</p>
<p>Perhaps no single Senator is negatively affecting the future of this<br />
country more than Pennsylvania&#8217;s Arlen Specter.</p>
<p>Please help Gun Owners of America make this Specter&#8217;s last term in<br />
office by supporting Pat Toomey for Senate at:<br />
<a href="http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute" target="_blank">http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute</a></p>
<p>Rep. Toomey challenged Specter in a primary in 2004 with the support of<br />
Gun Owners of America, and came just 1.7% short of winning.</p>
<p>Specter&#8217;s bacon was pulled out of the fire only after the incumbent<br />
Senator, President Bush and even, unfortunately, some in the gun rights<br />
community campaigned on his behalf at the last minute.</p>
<p>Well, Senator Specter has sold out the people of Pennsylvania and<br />
conservatives across the nation for the last time.</p>
<p>At the same time we get rid of an enemy of gun rights, we can also help<br />
to elect an ardent supporter of the Second Amendment.</p>
<p>Pat Toomey served in the U.S. House of Representatives for three terms,<br />
before honoring a self-imposed term limit and retiring in 2004.</p>
<p>Rep. Toomey was &#8220;A&#8221; rated by Gun Owners of America during his time in<br />
Congress.  Even though he was supposedly &#8220;too conservative&#8221; for the<br />
eastern Pennsylvania district he represented, Toomey stood firm on his<br />
pro-Second Amendment principles.</p>
<p>Unlike Arlen Specter, there was no waffling on the issues concerning<br />
your gun rights.</p>
<p>Gun Owners of America knows from experience that when we&#8217;re in the<br />
trenches battling the anti-gunners over reinstating the semi-auto gun<br />
ban, closing down gun shows and funding liberal leftist organizations,<br />
Pat Toomey will be with us shoulder to shoulder.</p>
<p>But first he has to defeat Specter, an anti-gun<br />
Republican-turned-Democrat with millions of dollars in the bank and lots<br />
of new liberal friends ready to give him more.</p>
<p>Gun Owners of America calls on sportsmen and gun owners in Pennsylvania<br />
and across the country to stand with us to defeat Arlen Specter and to<br />
elect Pat Toomey to the U.S. Senate.</p>
<p>Please make the most generous contribution possible to Pat Toomey for<br />
Senate at <a href="http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute" target="_blank">http://www.toomeyforsenate.com/contribute</a> on the web.</p>
<p>If you prefer to contribute by check, make your check payable to &#8220;Toomey<br />
for Senate&#8221; and mail to: PO Box 220, Orefield, PA 18069.</p>
<p>Or, you can call the campaign at 484-809-7994 to contribute by phone.</p>
<p>Pat Toomey stands 100% in favor of your gun rights.  Together, let&#8217;s<br />
stand with Pat Toomey in this crucial election.</p>
<p>Sincerely,</p>
<p>Tim Macy<br />
Vice Chairman</p>
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		<title>Paul Kohls on 2A and Omnibus Game &amp; Fish Bill</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/paul-kohls-on-2a-and-omnibus-game-fish-bill/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/paul-kohls-on-2a-and-omnibus-game-fish-bill/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2009 13:24:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[2A]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Firearms]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Second Amendment]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=369</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Friends,
As I mentioned in my last email, we had a temporary success when Rep. Paymar could not muster the votes needed to put his anti-Second amendment provisions on to another bill in committee several weeks ago.  Unfortunately, Rep. Paymar has not given up in his effort to erode our Second Amendment rights.
Last night in the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Friends,</p>
<p>As I mentioned in my last email, we had a temporary success when Rep. Paymar could not muster the votes needed to put his anti-Second amendment provisions on to another bill in committee several weeks ago.  Unfortunately, Rep. Paymar has not given up in his effort to erode our Second Amendment rights.</p>
<p>Last night in the House Finance Committee, Rep. Paymar offered an amendment to the Omnibus Game and Fish Bill that would severely limit private citizens&#8217; ability to sell or transfer firearms at gun shows.  Unfortunately, the amendment went on to the bill.  I spoke against and voted against the amendment, but we were out numbered.  Thankfully, Rep. David Dill, the author of the bill and a pro-Second Amendment legislator, decided to &#8220;table&#8221; the bill after the amendment went on so the bill did not get voted out of committee.</p>
<p>We need to remain ever vigilant on this critical issue.  I can assure you that I&#8217;ll continue to work on your behalf here in St. Paul.</p>
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		<title>Darrell Scott on Columbine, NRA and God</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/darrell-scott-on-columbine-nra-and-god/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/darrell-scott-on-columbine-nra-and-god/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2009 15:44:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[AIG]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[GOA]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Gun Law]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Gun Laws]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Legislation]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[NRA]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=366</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My wife forwarded this email to me today.  It speaks for itself
Guess our national leaders didn&#8217;t expect this, hmm? On Thursday, Darrell Scott, the father of Rachel Scott, a victim of the Columbine High School shootings in Littleton , Colorado , was invited to address the House Judiciary Committee&#8217;s subcommittee. What he said to our [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My wife forwarded this email to me today.  It speaks for itself</p>
<blockquote><p>Guess our national leaders didn&#8217;t expect this, hmm? On Thursday, Darrell Scott, the father of Rachel Scott, a victim of the Columbine High School shootings in Littleton , Colorado , was invited to address the House Judiciary Committee&#8217;s subcommittee. What he said to our national leaders during this special session of Congress was painfully truthful.</p>
<p>They were not prepared for what he was to say, nor was it received well. It needs to be heard by every parent, every teacher, every politician, every sociologist, every psychologist, and every so-called expert! These courageous words spoken by Darrell Scott are powerful, penetrating, and deeply personal. There is no doubt that God sent this man as a voice crying in the wilderness. The following is a portion of the transcript:</p>
<p>&#8220;Since the dawn of creation there has been both good &amp; evil in the hearts of men and women. We all contain the seeds of kindness or the seeds of violence. The death of my wonderful daughter, Rachel Joy Scott, and the deaths of that heroic teacher, and the other eleven children who died must not be in vain. Their blood cries out f or answers.</p>
<p>&#8220;The first recorded act of violence was when Cain slew his brother Abel out in the field. The villain was not the club he used. Neither was it the NCA, the National Club Association. The true killer was Cain, and the reason for the murder could only be found in Cain&#8217;s heart.</p>
<p>&#8220;In the days tha t followed the Columbine tragedy, I was amazed at how quickly fingers began to be pointed at groups such as the NRA. I am not a member of the NRA. I am not a hunter. I do not even own a gun. I am not here to represent or defend the NRA - because I don&#8217;t believe that they are responsible for my daughter&#8217;s death. Therefore I do not believe that they need to be defended. If I believed they had anything to do with Rachel&#8217;s murder I would be their strongest opponent..</p>
<p>I am here today to declare that Columbine was not just a tragedy &#8212; it was a spiritual event that should be forcing us to look at where the real blame lies! Much of the blame lies here in this room. Much of the blame lies behind the pointing fingers of the accusers themselves. I wrote a poem just four nights ago that expresses my feelings best.</p>
<p>Your laws ignore our deepest needs,<br />
Your words are empty air.<br />
You&#8217;ve stripped away our heritage,<br />
You&#8217;ve outlawed simple prayer.<br />
Now gunshots fill our classrooms,<br />
And precious children die.<br />
You seek for answers everywhere,<br />
And ask the question &#8220;Why?&#8221;<br />
You regulate restrictive laws,<br />
Through legislative creed.<br />
And yet you fail to understand,<br />
That God is what we need!</p>
<p>&#8221; Men and women are three-part beings. We all consist of body, mind, and spirit. When we refuse to acknowledge a third part of our make-up, we create a void that allows evil, prejudice, and hatred to rush in and wreak havoc. Spiritual presences were present within our educational<br />
Systems for most of our nation&#8217;s history.. Many of our major colleges began as theological seminaries. This is a historical fact. What has happened to us as a nation? We have refused to honor God, and in so doing, we open the doors to hatred and violence. And when something as terrible as Columbine&#8217;s tragedy occurs &#8212; politicians immediately look for a scapegoat such as the NRA. They immediately seek to pass more restrictive laws that contribute to erode away our personal and private liberties. We do not need more restrictive laws. Eric and Dylan would not have been stopped by metal detectors. No amount of gun laws can stop someone who spends months planning this type of massacre. The real villain lies within our own hearts.</p>
<p>&#8220;As my son Craig lay under that table in the school library and saw his two friends murdered before his very eyes, he did not hesitate to pray in school. I defy any law or politician to deny him that right! I challenge every young person in America , and around the world, to realize that on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School prayer was brought back to our schools. Do not let the many prayers offered by those students be in vain. Dare to move into the new millennium with a sacred disregard for legislation that violates your God-given right to communicate with Him. To those of you who would point your finger at the NRA &#8212; I give to you a sincere challenge.. Dare to examine your<br />
Own heart before casting the first stone!</p>
<p>My daughter&#8217;s death will not be in vain! The young people of this country will not allow that to happen!&#8221;</p>
<p>Do what the media did not - - let the nation hear this man&#8217;s speech.. Please send this out to everyone you can. God Bless</p></blockquote>
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		<title>Why the tea parties won’t work</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/why-the-tea-parties-wont-work/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/why-the-tea-parties-wont-work/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2009 20:00:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=360</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I did not attend a tea party yesterday.  I was busy working on my taxes all day and during that time contemplated weather or not to go.  In the end I decided not to.  Not because I don&#8217;t believe in the movement but because I don&#8217;t think the people supporting it provide any support for [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I did not attend a tea party yesterday.  I was busy working on my taxes all day and during that time contemplated weather or not to go.  In the end I decided not to.  Not because I don&#8217;t believe in the movement but because I don&#8217;t think the people supporting it provide any support for real reform.</p>
<p>Let me explain.  I&#8217;ve heard numbers in the press and from attendees that there were anywhere from 2,000-10,000 people in attendance on the capital grounds in St. Paul yesterday.</p>
<p>Last year, across all of Minnesota, <a href="http://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/20081104/ElecRslts.asp?M=S&amp;R=P">only 9174 people</a> found the courage to place their presidential votes for the Barr &amp; Root (Libertarian) ballot and only 6787 voted for Baldwin &amp; Castle (Constitution).  The sum of all these votes represents only 15,961 ballots cast for any party that really represents the kind of change the attendees are looking for.   This is barely 1/2 a percent (0.55%) of all ballots cast in the state.</p>
<p>So who were the protesters?  I&#8217;m sure some of them actually did support and vote for an actual small government ticket such as Barr or Baldwin.  However, I think the media is largely correct in that these are disgruntled Republicans supporters who only find principles when their representatives are out of power.  But when they are in power, they tax and spend just like the Democrats.  How can you vote for a big government ticket such as McCain / Palin then 5 months later attend a tea party bashing the policies your ticket stood for?</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll believe there is a movement when all those who took the time to show up yesterday quit making signs to protest and start voting their supposed new found principles.  They need to realize their votes for McCain only sent the message to Washington that they approve of the big government path.  The tea parties are useless if your not ready to start voting on constitutional principles.</p>
<p><strong>“Always vote for principle, though you may vote alone, and you may cherish the sweetest reflection that your vote is never lost.”</strong><br />
John Quincy Adams</p>
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		<title>Obama’s 1040, now it all makes sense</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/obamas-1040-now-it-all-makes-sense/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/obamas-1040-now-it-all-makes-sense/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2009 19:33:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Bible]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Jesus]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Legislation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=357</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The White House yesterday released the Federal 1040 form for the President and First lady.  At first glance it becomes quite apparent why the president speaks so much about fairness.
The Obamas had an Adjusted Gross Income of nearly $2.7M and $172k in charitable gifts.  That is a giving rate of 6.4%
Former President George W. Bush&#8217;s [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The White House yesterday released the <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/assets/documents/president_federal1040.pdf">Federal 1040 form for the President and First lady</a>.  At first glance it becomes quite apparent why the president speaks so much about fairness.</p>
<p>The Obamas had an Adjusted Gross Income of nearly $2.7M and $172k in charitable gifts.  That is a giving rate of 6.4%</p>
<p>Former President George W. Bush&#8217;s 2006 Federal 1040 shows an AGI of $643k and charitable contributions of $78k.  That folk is 12% nearly double the giving of Obama and only less than a quarter of the income.</p>
<p>So why does Obama feel so strongly that we need to legislate fairness?  It seems quite apparent that he is incapable of giving out of his own heart.  Aparently everybody should be forced to give instead of having the choice to give.  Right now Obama has the choice and he apparently is saying he&#8217;d rather keep the money.</p>
<p>There is much to learn from Jesus&#8217;s parable of the rich man</p>
<blockquote>
<h3>Matthew 19:16-24 (New International Version)</h3>
<h5>The Rich Young Man</h5>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23777" class="versenum">16</sup>Now a man came up to Jesus and asked, &#8220;Teacher, what good thing must I do to get eternal life?&#8221;</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23778" class="versenum">17</sup>&#8220;Why do you ask me about what is good?&#8221; Jesus replied. &#8220;There is only One who is good. If you want to enter life, obey the commandments.&#8221;</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23779" class="versenum">18</sup>&#8220;Which ones?&#8221; the man inquired.</p>
<p>Jesus replied, &#8221; &#8216;Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not give false testimony, <sup id="en-NIV-23780" class="versenum">19</sup>honor your father and mother,&#8217;<sup class="footnote">[<a title="See footnote a" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=matthew%2019:16-24;&amp;version=31;#fen-NIV-23780a">a</a>]</sup> and &#8216;love your neighbor as yourself.&#8217;<sup class="footnote">[<a title="See footnote b" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=matthew%2019:16-24;&amp;version=31;#fen-NIV-23780b">b</a>]</sup>&#8221;</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23781" class="versenum">20</sup>&#8220;All these I have kept,&#8221; the young man said. &#8220;What do I still lack?&#8221;</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23782" class="versenum">21</sup>Jesus answered, &#8220;If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.&#8221;</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23783" class="versenum">22</sup>When the young man heard this, he went away sad, because he had great wealth.</p>
<p><sup id="en-NIV-23784" class="versenum">23</sup>Then Jesus said to his disciples, &#8220;I tell you the truth, it is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven. <sup id="en-NIV-23785" class="versenum">24</sup>Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Now that Obama has some wealth it is apparent he is choosing the path of the camel trying to get through the eye of the needle on his way to heaven.</p>
<p>Why didn&#8217;t we need all these new taxes and this big government 200 years ago?  Because people contributed to society from their heart.  Communities came together for the general good.  Today people like the Obamas think they are above giving and contributing but they feel they can force the rest of us to contribute through legislation to make the world fair.</p>
<p>The Obama&#8217;s have been blessed in recent years with incredible income from book sales.  Yet they can&#8217;t find it in their own hearts to help those in need with what ultimately belongs to God anyhow.</p>
<p>The same goes for Warren Buffet.  If he has a guilty conscience because <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/27/AR2007062700097.html">he only pays 17% in Federal income taxes</a>, why doesn&#8217;t he find a nice food shelter, church, the list goes on, to contribute to until 30, 40, 50, 70% of his income is given away?  Right now he has that power but instead he decides to impose his will on others to clear his conscience.</p>
<p>We don&#8217;t need a Federal Government to tell us it&#8217;s ok to give to those with less.  That is the problem with this country today.  Everybody feels guilty about those who go without but everybody looks to the Federal Government to do something about it.</p>
<p>Giving 6% on an income of $2.7M and Obama is complaining about others not doing enough?  That we live in a new era of responsibility?  What ever happened to leading by example?</p>
<p>Of course <a href="http://taxprof.typepad.com/taxprof_blog/2008/04/obama-releases.html">only a couple years ago</a>, the Obamas were only giving 0-1% to charity.  So maybe there is hope for them yet.</p>
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		<title>Minnesota H.F.800 and S.F.893 “Stand Your Ground”</title>
		<link>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/minnesota-hf800-and-sf893-stand-your-ground/</link>
		<comments>http://libertyminnesota.com/2009/04/minnesota-hf800-and-sf893-stand-your-ground/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2009 20:24:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Marc</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Self Defense]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://libertyminnesota.com/?p=354</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Not sure how far it will go this year but a House and Senate &#8220;stand your ground&#8221; bill is making some moves.  Next year being an election year may see better results but it&#8217;s nice to see them introduced.  Doesn&#8217;t mean it&#8217;s too early to contact your Reps and let them know you&#8217;re behind it.


 [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Not sure how far it will go this year but a House and Senate &#8220;stand your ground&#8221; bill is making some moves.  Next year being an election year may see better results but it&#8217;s nice to see them introduced.  Doesn&#8217;t mean it&#8217;s too early to contact your Reps and let them know you&#8217;re behind it.</p>
<div class="xtend">
<blockquote>
<div class="xtend_ce"><a id="pl.1.1"></a> 1.1 A bill for an act</div>
<p><a id="pl.1.2"></a> 1.2 relating to public safety; clarifying law on use of force in defense of home and</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.3"></a> 1.3 person; codifying and extending Minnesota&#8217;s self-defense and defense of home</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.4"></a> 1.4 laws; eliminating the common law duty to retreat in cases of self defense outside</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.5"></a> 1.5 the home; expanding the boundaries of dwelling; creating a presumption in the</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.6"></a> 1.6 case of a person entering a dwelling or occupied vehicle by force; extending the</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.7"></a> 1.7 rights available to a person in his or her dwelling to a person defending against</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.8"></a> 1.8 entry of his or her occupied vehicle;amending Minnesota Statutes 2008, section</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.9"></a> 1.9 609.065.</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.10"></a> 1.10 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:</p>
<p><a id="bill.0.1.0"></a><a id="pl.1.11"></a> 1.11     Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2008, section 609.065, is amended to read:</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.12"></a> 1.12 <strong>609.065 JUSTIFIABLE </strong><strong>TAKING OF LIFE</strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong> USE OF DEADLY FORCE IN </strong></span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.13"></a> 1.13 <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>SELF DEFENSE</strong></span><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.14"></a> 1.14     <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subdivision 1.</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Definitions.</strong></span> The intentional taking of the life of another is not</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.15"></a> 1.15 authorized by section<br />
609.06, except when necessary in resisting or preventing an offense</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.16"></a> 1.16 which the actor reasonably believes exposes the actor or another to great bodily harm or</p>
<p><a id="pl.1.17"></a> 1.17 death, or preventing the commission of a felony in the actor&#8217;s place of abode.<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> (a) For </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.18"></a> 1.18 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">purposes of this section, the following terms have the meanings given them.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.19"></a> 1.19 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(b) &#8220;Substantial bodily harm&#8221; and &#8220;great bodily harm&#8221; have the meanings given </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.20"></a> 1.20 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">them in section 609.02, subdivisions 7a and 8, respectively.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.21"></a> 1.21 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(c) &#8220;Court order&#8221; means an order for protection or no contact order issued under </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.22"></a> 1.22 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">section 518B.01, or a restraining order or no contact order issued under section 609.748, </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.23"></a> 1.23 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">or a substantively similar order issued by any court in any state.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.24"></a> 1.24 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(d) &#8220;Deadly force&#8221; means force used by an individual with the purpose of causing, </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.25"></a> 1.25 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">or which the individual should reasonably know creates a substantial risk of causing, </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.1.26"></a> 1.26 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">great bodily harm or death. The intentional discharge of a firearm by an individual at </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.1"></a> 2.1 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">another person, or at a vehicle in which another person is believed to be, constitutes </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.2"></a> 2.2 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">deadly force. A threat to cause great bodily harm or death, by the production of a weapon </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.3"></a> 2.3 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">or otherwise, constitutes reasonable force and not deadly force, so long as the individual&#8217;s </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.4"></a> 2.4 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">objective is limited to creating an expectation that the individual will use deadly force if </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.5"></a> 2.5 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">authorized by law.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.6"></a> 2.6 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(e) &#8220;Dwelling&#8221; means a building or a conveyance of any kind, designed to be </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.7"></a> 2.7 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">occupied by one or more persons lodging therein, including its curtilage and any attached </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.8"></a> 2.8 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">deck, porch, appurtenance, or connected structure, whether the building or conveyance is </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.9"></a> 2.9 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">used temporarily or permanently, is mobile or immobile, or is a tent.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.10"></a> 2.10 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(f) &#8220;Felony&#8221; has the meaning given in section 609.02, subdivision 2.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.11"></a> 2.11 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(g) &#8220;Vehicle&#8221; means &#8220;motor vehicle&#8221; as defined in section 168.002, subdivision 18.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.12"></a> 2.12     <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subd. 2.</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Circumstances when authorized.</strong></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The use of deadly force by an </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.13"></a> 2.13 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">individual in self defense is authorized by this section when the act is undertaken:</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.14"></a> 2.14 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(1) to resist or prevent an offense or attempted offense by an assailant, which the </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.15"></a> 2.15 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">individual reasonably believes constitutes an imminent threat that exposes the individual </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.16"></a> 2.16 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">or another person to substantial or great bodily harm or death; or</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.17"></a> 2.17 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(2) to resist or prevent the commission, in the individual&#8217;s dwelling or occupied </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.18"></a> 2.18 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">vehicle, of an offense or attempted offense that the individual reasonably believes is </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.19"></a> 2.19 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">a felony.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.20"></a> 2.20     <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subd. 3.</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Degree of force; retreat.</strong></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">An individual using defensive action under </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.21"></a> 2.21 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">circumstances described in subdivision 2 may stand the individual&#8217;s ground in any place </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.22"></a> 2.22 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">where the individual has a legal right to be, and may use all force and means, including </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.23"></a> 2.23 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">deadly force, that the individual believes is required to succeed in defense. The individual </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.24"></a> 2.24 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">may meet force with superior force, so long as the individual&#8217;s objective is defense. </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.25"></a> 2.25 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The individual is not required to retreat, and may continue defensive actions against an </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.26"></a> 2.26 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">assailant until the assailant is no longer an imminent threat.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.27"></a> 2.27     <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subd. 4.</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Presumptions.</strong></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(a) A person who enters or attempts to enter by force or by </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.28"></a> 2.28 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">stealth the dwelling or occupied vehicle of another person is presumed to do so with the </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.29"></a> 2.29 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">intent to commit an unlawful act involving a life-threatening level of force.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.30"></a> 2.30 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(b) An individual using deadly force is presumed to possess a reasonable belief </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.31"></a> 2.31 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">that there exists an imminent threat of substantial or great bodily harm or death to the </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.32"></a> 2.32 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">individual or another person, if the individual knows or has reason to know that:</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.33"></a> 2.33 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(1) the person against whom the defensive action is being taken is entering or </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.34"></a> 2.34 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">attempting to enter by force or by stealth, or has entered by force or by stealth and remains </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.2.35"></a> 2.35 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">within, the dwelling or occupied vehicle of the individual or other person; or</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.1"></a> 3.1 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(2) the person against whom the defensive action is being taken is in the process </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.2"></a> 3.2 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">of removing or attempting to remove by force the individual or another person from the </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.3"></a> 3.3 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">dwelling or occupied vehicle of the individual or other person.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.4"></a> 3.4 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(c) The individual is not entitled to the benefit of the presumption set forth in </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.5"></a> 3.5 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">paragraph (b) if the individual knows that the person against whom the defensive action </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.6"></a> 3.6 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">is being taken:</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.7"></a> 3.7 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(1) is a lawful resident of the dwelling or a lawful possessor of the vehicle, or is </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.8"></a> 3.8 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">otherwise lawfully permitted to enter the dwelling or vehicle; or</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.9"></a> 3.9 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(2) is the parent, grandparent, or guardian, or another person who has lawful custody </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.10"></a> 3.10 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">of the person being removed or being sought to be removed from the dwelling or vehicle.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.11"></a> 3.11 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">A person who is prohibited by a court order from contacting another individual or </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.12"></a> 3.12 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">from entering a dwelling or possessing a vehicle of another individual is not a lawful </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.13"></a> 3.13 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">resident of that individual&#8217;s dwelling and is not a lawful possessor of that individual&#8217;s </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.14"></a> 3.14 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">vehicle.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.15"></a> 3.15     <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subd. 5.</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Criminal investigation; immunity from prosecution.</strong></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(a) An individual </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.16"></a> 3.16 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">who uses deadly force according to this section is justified in using such force and is </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.17"></a> 3.17 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">immune from any criminal prosecution for that act.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.18"></a> 3.18 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">(b) A law enforcement agency may arrest a person using force under circumstances </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.19"></a> 3.19 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">described in this section only after considering any claims or circumstances supporting </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.20"></a> 3.20 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">self-defense.</span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.21"></a> 3.21 <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>EFFECTIVE DATE.</strong></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">This section is effective August 1, 2009, and applies to </span></p>
<p><a id="pl.3.22"></a> 3.22 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">qualifying uses of deadly force occurring on or after that date.</span></p></blockquote>
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