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Your home need a fresh new look, repair, paint and remodeling? We offer drywall, texture, painting, services, Quality products, and more. JOSE’S PAINTING THE BEST COMPANY!

Whether you want to present your home as stylistically cutting-edge or with a distinguished, antiquated grace, Jose’s Painting can help make it happen. With our interior painting and improvement services, you can turn any room from drab to fab.

Jose’s Painting exterior painting and improvement services are guaranteed to liven up your home with flavor, personality and beauty.

Repair or reinvent your home with our custom home services. The skilled professionals at Jose’s are ready to undertake any home improvement task you might have, so look no further than Jose’s Painting for any of your needs!

Interior Exterior Painting Painters Contractors Atlanta Alpharetta,Marietta, Roswell, Duluth, Lawrenceville, Dacula, Sandy, Springs, Dunwoody, Smyrna, Kennesaw, Acworth, Canton, Woodstock, Cumming, Suwanee, Norcross.

Painting, Contractor Your home need a fresh new look, repair, paint and remodeling? We offer drywall, texture, painting, services, Quality products, and more. JOSE’S PAINTING THE BEST COMPANY!

Jose’s Painting exterior painting and improvement services are guaranteed to liven up your home with flavor, personality and beauty.

Repair or reinvent your home with our custom home services. The skilled professionals at Jose’s are ready to undertake any home improvement task you might have, so look no further than Jose’s Painting for any of your needs!
Interior Exterior Painting Painters Contractors Atlanta Alpharetta,Marietta, Roswell, Duluth, Lawrenceville, Dacula, Sandy, Springs, Dunwoody, Smyrna, Kennesaw, Acworth, Canton, Woodstock, Cumming, Suwanee, Norcross.

About the Author:

Painting, Contractor Your home need a fresh new look, repair, paint and remodeling? We offer drywall, texture, painting, services, Quality products, and more. JOSE’S PAINTING THE BEST COMPANY!

Jose’s Painting exterior painting and improvement services are guaranteed to liven up your home with flavor, personality and beauty.

Repair or reinvent your home with our custom home services. The skilled professionals at Jose’s are ready to undertake any home improvement task you might have, so look no further than Jose’s Painting for any of your needs!

Interior Exterior Painting Painters Contractors Atlanta Alpharetta,Marietta, Roswell, Duluth, Lawrenceville, Dacula, Sandy, Springs, Dunwoody, Smyrna, Kennesaw, Acworth, Canton, Woodstock, Cumming, Suwanee, Norcross.

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Painting Contractor Remodeling Home Improvements

Does going to work make you sick? Not the Monday morning “I-don’t-wanna-gooooo”, or the Friday afternoon “Is-it-the-weekend-yet?” kind of sick, but actually sick? Symptoms such as headache, eye, nose or throat irritation, dry cough, dizziness, nausea, or fatigue might signal that your office has Sick Building Syndrome.

Sounds funny, but Sick Building Syndrome is no laughing matter. It’s recognized by the Environmental Protection Agency and is described as a situation in which building occupants suffer discomfort (headache, eye, nose or throat irritation, dry cough, dizziness and nausea, fatigue, sensitivity to odors, difficulty concentrating) from being in the building that can’t be linked to any other causes or specific illnesses. Ultimately, Sick Building Syndrome means that the air quality in your building is so poor; it’s making you sick.

The causes of Sick Building Syndrome are fairly simple. Chemicals in the building contaminate the air; without proper ventilation, they can’t escape. The big question here is just how do these chemicals get into the buildings in the first place?

The chemicals that are most likely causing office workers distress are commonly known as VOCs, which stands for volatile organic compounds. VOCs can be emitted as a gas from certain liquids or solid products, and can include a large variety of different chemicals. In particular, VOCs are known to be found in paint, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, building materials, copiers and printers, glues and adhesives, and permanent markers. Carpets are also a huge contributor to low air quality indoors - don’t you remember rolling on the brand new carpet as a kid breathing in that lovely new smell. Mmmmm well, let’s not do that anymore. Mold, which can be hidden in the walls and ventilation, is also be a culprit. VOCs, as greenhouse gasses, also contribute to global warming.

All of these products have something in common aside from their heightened levels of VOCs: a strong odor. For example, the smell from the painting going on in the office down the hall might come to mind. That’s a sign that you’re being flooded with VOC exposure right now! In fact, the EPA estimates that levels of VOCs found indoors can be up to ten times higher than those found outside.

If you think you’re suffering from Sick Building Syndrome, do what you can to provide yourself with better ventilation by moving near a window, bringing a fan to the office, and taking frequent breaks to get outside. Don’t hesitate to alert the management of your situation, and ask if any changes can be made to the ventilation system.

As far as reducing the levels of VOCs inside offices or homes, be sure to search out a non toxic paint with zero VOCs. These do exist and are priced similar to other traditional premium paints. You’ll immediately notice that these are low odor paints. In a work situation, low odor paint and zero VOC paint will not only be less distracting to current workers, but will also not harm the health of future workers. If you’re painting a new wall, zero VOC paints are the safest for people (as well as for pets and the environment), and are much less likely to result in Sick Building Syndrome.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/understanding-sick-building-syndrome-and-voc-paint-501133.html

About the Author:

Delilah Jones has a passion for zero VOC paint and its impact to consumer safety. She is also interested in how a 100 percent non toxic paint and low odor paint can correlate.

House painting with life time warranted paint certainly offers some benefits that go beyond the capabilities of a 25 year paint. However, are you really getting the endurance you believe you are getting. I am frequently asked by my customers if I believe they should use a life time paint, and I usually respond by telling them that it depends on what their expectations are.

The first thing you need to consider is: what are your expectations from life time paint? Are your expectations realistic?

Paint manufacturers love to sell you on the idea of life time paint. It’s good business for them. It’s certainly easy for you to fall for this seemingly incredible warranty, considering the cost of having your house painted these days, but are you getting what you believe you’re getting.

There are 4 basic reasons you will need to repaint your home.

1. The paint you have now is faded and looks tired and dingy. 2. The caulked joints of your home have separated allowing water enter.

3. There are places where the paint is peeling.

4. You decide you are tired of the old color and want to change it.

Let’s take a closer look at these four reasons in relation to life time paint.

The truth is, life time warranted paints fade with exposure to sun light and weather, so if you are expecting it to look fresh 25 years from now, then you have been misled. First, you need to read the warranty of the life time paint. Most warrantees state that they cover excessive fading. Notice this does not mean “no fading”. It reads the same as a lesser grade paint. Life time warranted paints lose their clarity in color over time. Now your back to the 1st reason you needed to paint to begin with. Yes, it will maintain its fresh look longer than a lesser grade paint, but not a lot longer.

Paint really doesn’t play a role in caulk separation. Caulked joints separate due to expansion and contraction of the materials that constitute your home. Life time warranted paints can’t stop this movement; therefore, reason number 2 will still be in play if you paint with life time warranted paint.

For reason number 3 you have a clear advantage with some life time paints. Some life time paints are up to 70 percent ticker and have a greater ability to stretch. When it comes to peeling substrate, this is important, because a paint that is 70 percent thicker and more flexible will make it much harder for the underlying paint to peel and release. Most warranties do not cover inner layer peeling, however, most life time paints do give a limited warranty against peeling. It is possible that the inner layers of paint are so compromised that the problem extends beyond the capabilities of life time paint. This is especially true if the wood on the house wasn’t primed before the top coat was applied when the house was built.

Check the specification of the paint carefully. Some life time paints are not thicker than 25 year paints, therefore can’t offer the same protection as the thicker life time brands when it comes to peeling.

How many people want to live with the same color on their house for the rest of their life? I haven’t met anyone yet that could say they did, and I have been in this business for over 25 years. The truth is most people like change. The fresh new look of color change is important to most folks.

The strongest reason for using life time paints really may have nothing to do with the points listed above. It may have to do more with the fact you are planning to change the color.

Life time paints can save you money.

If you are planning on changing the colors of your home you may want to consider using the life time warranted paints. They can actually save you money, even though they cost nearly double the price of 25 year paint.

Consider this: If your planning to change colors, you probably will need two coats of paint, which will cost you an extra 60 to 70 percent on average. Often you will be able to cover with one coat using a life time paint because it is a thicker paint. The difference between the cost of using one coat of life time paints and two coats of 25 year paint is going to be between 1,200 and 1,400 dollars. That’s considerable savings.

Most manufacturers of life time warranted paints are counting on the average person moving every 6 to 8 years. The warranty is non transferable. If you do stay in the home long enough and make a claim on the paint, they will prorate any refund on the paint only, but not the labor.

About the Author:

“>http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd”> Nicky Taylor CEO of http://www.home-painting-services.com Visit our web site where we provide more information on home improvement and house painting topics..

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - House Painting Tips - Do Life Time Paints Really Last?

Despite the current economic crisis that plunges the construction business ever downward, the “green building” trend is taking off. Even when new construction projects are in a decline, there is increasing interest in green building methods and materials. Building owners want to save on construction and post-construction costs and are becoming increasingly aware that once the building is operational, tremendous cost-savings will come in the form of lesser utility bills and maintenance costs. As a result of this mindset, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) estimates an average return on investment of 20% on green buildings.

For building owners and occupants, cost is not the only advantage of a green building. Increased health and safety is also a major benefit. The reduction of natural resources consumption needed to operate the building, as well as the lesser amount of pollution that the building is giving off, are also important aspects in sustainability.

For commercial painting contractors, the demand for greener buildings cascades down to the demand for greener paints and coatings, raising the need for paint and coating products that are not only providing beauty and protection, but also help create an environmentally- safe environment.

In response to the growing demand for environmentally-safe building products, paint manufacturers have been redesigning their existing paint formulations and developing new paints that are eco-friendly and compliant to environment standards and regulations. Even raw material providers have been teaming up with paint makers to further advance the “green” paint technology.

A Forest of Green Paints

One product of the “green” trend is a latex paint reformulation that removes toxic solvents in the manufacturing process, releasing zero volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and toxins to the environment. Another advancement in paint is a water-repellent exterior coating that prevents dirt particles from adhering to the painted surface, making cleaning and re-coating projects easier and more economical.

Raw material paint suppliers have also joined the green initiative by enhancing the properties of emulsion polymers to allow the production of low-VOC, low-odor, APE-free, UV-resistant paints without the need for harmful coalescent agents. Another breakthrough in coating enhancement speeds up paint application time and reduces wastage, thereby lessening serious health risks to commercial painting contractors. Yet another is the development of IR reflective pigments that reduce heat transfer in surfaces, resulting to heating and cooling cost reductions.

Green Construction Certifications

Dictated largely by the growing awareness of consumers over eco-friendly buildings and materials, the momentum is encouraging commercial painting contractors towards qualification tests and certifications that ensure their compliance to environment-safety standards.

Currently, the U.S. Green Building Council’s (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) ratings systems is the most popular basis for defining the standards of a “green building”. LEED looks at various factors such as energy and water usage of a building, the source and quality of building materials used in construction, as well as the overall quality of the building environment.

The LEED system allows point earnings for green and sustainable projects, be they new or existing constructions, or commercial or residential in nature. Since 1990, LEED has rated nearly 3.9 billion square feet of commercial property or 7% of the commercial construction market, and the figures are still increasing. For residential projects, LEED has certified around 1,000 properties out of 13,000 that have been registered so far, according to USGBC figures.

LEED also has a specific rating system for paints and coatings, the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit 4.2, that focuses on reducing VOCs in architectural paints, coatings and primers. The goal of the rating system for paints is to accredit high-performance paints that have low-emission capabilities, leaving as little environment damage as possible.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ask-an-expert-articles/the-role-of-paint-and-coatings-in-a-green-building-832647.html

About the Author:

Steve A. Parker, Sr. Estimator, RaiderPainting.com - the preferred painting contractor for building owners and facility managers of commercial and industrial properties nationwide. Call 877-724.3371 for a free
Estimate.
And check out the Raider Painting
Blog.

Laundry and Sewing Rooms

One way to bring a lot of interest to your dollhouse is to add a laundry or sewing room. Laundry rooms usually imply a more current time; sewing rooms are a little more old-worldly picturesque. With either room, just a few accessories–like an ironing board or box of thread–bring a lot of charm to your dollhouse

Dollhouse Furniture material: Pecan

Pecans anyone? Seriously the wood is fit for dollhouse furniture. This type of wood is growing in miniatures and will soon, if it has not already be the dominate type of wood for dollhouse furniture. Pecan wood is very light in its color, but don’t let that fool you into thinking that it is a more delicate wood it actually rates right up there with mahogany. You will also see a growth in the use of pecan wood in modern furniture, flooring, and pretty much anything that needs to look beautiful under a lot of strain. Pecan pieces go very well with a traditional, modern, or colonial dollhouse kit.

Wire and Dollhouse Furniture

Do you want a design that is very intricate? When traditional materials do not lend themselves to a particular piece of furniture wire is used. In this manner the wire can represent any variety of dollhouse furniture shapes and colors. Wire is most commonly found in wicker furniture, furniture accessories, or in outdoor dollhouse furniture.
Kitchen Furniture

There is a huge range of dollhouse kitchen sets available, from a few simple appliances to deluxe, everything-included kitchens. A table and chairs are important to have in your kitchen if your dollhouse will not have a dining room. Also, keep in mind that many of the most fun dollhouse accessories belong in the kitchen (pots and pans, dollhouse food, etc.), so make sure your kitchen will be able to display them.

Is Inch Scale the right size for my dollhouse?

When you buy a furniture item, you want to make sure it will fit correctly in your dollhouse.Dollhouse scales help you know you are getting the right size. On this website, all furniture items are on a 1 inch scale unless the title of the item says otherwise. The most popular scale for both furniture and dollhouses is the 1 inch scale.

The most common scale for both dollhouses and dollhouse furniture is the 1 inch , or 1:12, scale. With the 1 inch (1:12) scale, an inch of dollhouse furniture equates to a foot of real furniture. For example, a dollhouse tub 5 inches long is built to represent a 5 foot real tub. Other scales include the half inch (1:24) and quarter inch (1:48) scales.

For example, a dollhouse tub 5 inches long is built to represent a 5 foot real tub. In other scales, such as half inch and quarter inch, less than an inch represents a foot of real furniture.

Dinning Room Dollhouse Furniture

Dining rooms will help to make your dollhouse look extremely elegant and/or extremely fun Most dining rooms are quite formal, but hand-painted and rustic dining room sets have a flair and personality that’s all their own. This is a great area of your dollhouse to play make believe”��”whether children are pretending to have company at dinner, or you are displaying a great tea set  Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

Making our dwellings gorgeous is nothing new. Humans have been decorating their homes for millennia. From the Australian Aborigines painting ochre onto cave walls over 40,000 years ago to the almost modern Egyptian pyramids of only 4,500 years ago we all have an innate desire to express ourselves and make our surroundings part of that expression.

But we have always paid a price for this activity. Paints have always contained poisons and toxins that not only pollute the environment but the air within a home. Early paints famously contained lead, which had a sweet flavor tempting for kids to ingest. We all know the horrible affects of these paints that caused problems with developing nervous systems in children and kidney damage, mood changes, memory and high blood pressure in adults.

The ingredients used to make paint can be broken down into four areas — pigments, solvents, binders and other additives. Color comes from the pigment while the solvent and binder provide the pigment with a base and helps the paint stick to a surface. The remaining additives are used to help the paint dry and prevent mildew from forming.

The solvents and pigments contain toxins, which not only pollute the environment but also, if improperly disposed of in a landfill, can contaminate the surrounding earth for decades. The solvents and pigments also contain volatile organic compounds that we know create smog and pollution in the environment, but can also have very harmful affects on the internal air quality of a home.

Recent government rulings have not only put in to practice some controls on the toxins and VOCs in paints, but has also drawn attention to this scary situation. The response has been for many paint companies to produce eco friendly paints that either contain low or zero VOCs. It should be considered though that the majority of paint companies that create these non toxic paints also manufacture and market toxic and high voc paints — so when you are looking to paint green you may think about who you are supporting with your dollars.

There are a handful of companies that do not have these legacy issues, and only create eco friendly paint. These non toxic paints range from completely organic ‘milk paints’ which are totally safe but lack in durability, to high-performance latex based paints that simply lack VOCs and all toxins.

The newest and most modern eco friendly paints can come in any color and, although a little more expensive, have very low odor and zero VOCs. These paints are created in a completely new way, which means that they have all the durability of toxic paints, but without any of the toxins and VOCs. When looking to buy these paints you need to read their labels very carefully. The first thing to notice is if they carry a government warning label. If they do, then they are not completely safe and may contain some VOCs or toxins. Those paints with no warning label and state that they are zero voc paints as opposed to low voc are the best. These can often be found at independent hardware stores nationwide and can be researched online. Beware though, that although some paints may carry ’seals’ these don’t always mean that they are completely free of VOCs and/or toxins so it is best to always rely on your own investigation and read the label.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/home-improvement-articles/how-to-paint-green-with-ecofriendly-non-toxic-paints-640669.html

About the Author:

Delilah Jones is a mother with a passion for zero VOC paint and its impact to consumer safety. She is also interested in how a 100 percent non toxic paint and people safe paint can correlate for baby and pregnant women.

Painting is one of those jobs that most homeowners will tackle themselves before paying a professional. It’s also one of those jobs that looks easier than it is. Anyone can slop paint on a wall, but not many can make it look like a professional job. Here are some tips to make your next painting project look like it was done by an expert. It may take a few more steps, but it’s well worth the effort.

1. Wipe down all woodwork with a cleaner. Paint adheres better to a clean surface. Sand the all the trim, doors and windows and vacuum and wipe with a tack cloth.

2. Before using your paintbrush soak it in water (if being used with latex paint), or paint thinner (for use with oil-based paint). Flex the bristles to spread the liquid right into the base of the brush and spin or shake it dry. This step will make your brush easier to clean later. When you open the paint can, use a nail to drive holes in the U-track around the top of the can. This allows the paint to drain back into the can after pouring.

3. Prime any bare woodwork before applying final coat. When molded doors, paint the rails first, then the inside panel, and finally the stiles or outside frame. Allow to dry overnight and sand with a 220-grit sandpaper. Vacuum and dust once again.

4. Use Dap or spackling compound to fill any nail holes or cracks. Once dry, sand lightly if necessary and paint with primer.

5. Caulk all the gaps between the trim or baseboard and the walls to create a nice clean line. To smooth the caulking, wet your finger and run it along the the line.

6. It’s time to paint the ceiling. Cut in or paint a 2 to 2 1/2 inch stripe along the outside edges of the ceiling. Wipe away any paint that touches the walls. Using a roller, complete the rest of the ceiling by dividing your strokes into a 3-foot section. Work your way across the room, one square at a time.

7. Now begin the finish coat on your trim, windows, and baseboard. Once dry, sand lightly and dust with a tack cloth. Next, apply your finish coat. When painting window trim, if you get paint on the glass, let it dry and then scrape it off. Dampen the glass first to prevent scratching it with the window scraper.

Some use the paint as a sealant from moisture. To do this, hold the edge of a wide putty knife blade against the glass, flat side against the wood, and scrape up to it. You’ll end up with an even strip of paint on the glass about the thickness of the blade.

8. Once the baseboard is dry, cover the top of the trim with blue masking tape. Using a brush, cut in around windows and door trim, then along baseboard and finally at the ceiling or crown molding. Use an extension handle on your roller to paint the walls. Just as with the ceiling, envision a 3 or 4 foot square and fill in working from the top down. Use a putty knife to remove any paint nubs on the wall once the paint dries. Finish with a final coat and remove the masking tape as soon as the paint has set. Don’t wait too long or you may pull off some of the drywall with the tape. Resist the urge to yank the tape, but instead pull it slowly and evenly to avoid ripping it.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/interior-design-articles/paint-your-home-like-a-pro-742680.html

About the Author:

Search Kennesaw real estate listings at TinaFountain.com, the home of Kennesaw real estate experts.

Nicky Taylor CEO Of http://www.home-painting-services.com/index.html Nicky is owner of a 26 year old house painting contractor service and home improvement company serving all North Atlanta Georgia. Nicky is experience as a home builder and remodeler and shares his knowledge on house painting and other home improvement topics at the above link through articles and resource materials. Get helpful information for projects you are planning to undertake.

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com - Don’T Make These Mistakes When Painting Walls With Gloss - Painting Contractor Tells The Truth

In home decoration and design interior paint is considered among the most essential element in setting the mood of any room. Typically new or pre-owned homes in New York or generally everywhere, sport an interior that have been intentionally set by realtors and home owners in neutral colors. Why? Sticking to the essentials helps avoid taste conflicts, thus making the place more sellable. But for the new owner, the lot of stark white wall would soon look lifeless. To make the space more comfortable, you can inject a good dose of your personality through interior painting.

If you still are not convinced to consider an interior painting to change colors, here are several other reasons. Though the color represents modernity, it also tends look and feel impersonal as well as utilitarian. White walls can also add up to the illusion of having a more spacious room but too much of it would result to a claustrophobic feeling. And basically, the greatest drawback of an all-white interior paint is that the imperfections seem highlighted and maintaining its cleanliness can be tedious.

For many, the most difficult and stressful part would be choosing which color to integrate in your interior painting project. For one, it would be you who would be surrounded by the color that you choose so why not make it your favorite or the hue that you think you think matches your style and character and are most comfortable with? One thing to remember though, is that if you have a color in mind like blue, choose the shade which is somewhere in between which is neither too dark nor too light. But if you find it hard t make up your mind on this element of interior painting, try science as it has been known that colors have a psychological effect. You can choose which effect you want it to cause on you. Or you can also choose from among the hues that compliments with the furniture and furnishings that you have already in the room.

If you love taking on bolder or fancier approach, you can add depth and texture into the room and consider any of the following ideas on decorative interior painting:

Faux Painting

Faux means artificial. Just as the name suggests, you can create an illusion of being in one place or being surrounded by things that interest you. This interior painting idea makes your mind run wild with the possibilities like having a wall of galaxies if your are into stars and outer space.

Wall Stenciling

This decorative interior painting idea creating patterns or shapes on the walls by using a stencil or cut out template. The pattern can be used to highlight some areas of the wall or repeatedly throughout the surface.

Interior painting is more than just splashing the wall with a colored coating. If you try to read on the topic, the processes may seem simple. But do not get fooled as there is more to it than that and there are a lot of considerations to take which can rarely be found on one article alone. To get the best result with lesser risks of mistakes and even a backjob which would prove more costly in the long run, contact your local painting contractor.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/interior-design-articles/interior-painting-adding-a-touch-of-you-into-the-room-588761.html

About the Author:

Eugene Makeev has been in the home improvement industry for a while. His skills and expertise, which have been polished through time, are now used to help New York home owners avoid the common pitfalls in home improvements by matching their needs with the right, prescreened New York Painting Contractors. To know more, visit NYC Painters.

IT ADDS color to rooms in our homes, schools, offices and factories. Automobiles and toys are made attractive by it. It protects buildings, farm machinery and tools from the wind, rain, and heat from the sun. Truly, that colorful coating, paint, is enjoying wider popularity than at any time in history.

Thousands of millions of dollars annually are spent for it; Canadians alone lay out almost 200 million dollars a year for paint. In Canada more than 150 paint plants produce this colorful coating. And in the United States over 635,000,000 gallons of paint are sold by manufacturers each year. That is enough paint to cover some 11,400 square miles, or an area almost the size of the Netherlands!

Thousands of Years of Use

The use of paint is not of recent origin. Ancient peoples, particularly the Egyptians, realized that certain pigments found in the soil could be mixed with a liquid and applied to their buildings. For example, colorful reds and yellows were obtained by mixing ochers with water.

Also, pigments were imported from other countries to supplement those found in the Egyptian soil. From the madder roots, which were imported from India, various shades of red, violet and brown were prepared. And from the indigo plant a deep blue color was produced.

Other civilizations were quick to copy the techniques of paint making developed by the Egyptians. Roman artists made use of the same colors and, with few exceptions, the same methods of producing them. However, after the fall of the Roman Empire of the West in 476 C.E. the art of making paints virtually disappeared.

It was near the end of the Middle Ages that the use of paint for decorative and protective purposes began its reemergence in England. At first paints were used chiefly on churches. Then they were used on public buildings and the houses of the wealthy. Since paint was expensive to produce, it was a mark of social distinction to have one’s dwelling painted.

It was not until the 1700’s that paint was made commercially by a few persons who went into the business in the United States and Europe. These early manufacturers produced only the materials for paint; the painter was required to do his own mixing and formulating. It was not until 1867 that prepared paints were first marketed. The development in the late 1800’s of new machines for grinding and mixing enabled paint manufacturers to turn out large volumes of paint, and soon paint making entered an era of rapid development.

The Ingredients

It is estimated now that most paint manufacturers carry an inventory of almost 1,000 different items. Perhaps as many as 500 of these are in daily use. Great strides have been made in the development of new paints. Indeed, not long ago a popular magazine observed: “Eighty-five percent of the paints on sale today didn’t even exist five years ago.” Yet, paint raw materials might be classified into four main groups:Pigments,vehicles,solvents or thinners and additives.

Pigments are the substances that give color and opacity to paint coatings. The ancients frequently used vegetable and animal matter to color their paints, but these are of little importance in paint making today. Still used, however, are earth pigments, called natural or mineral pigments. These are obtained from certain earths that are mined, finely ground and refined. But the most commonly used pigments today are chemical ones.

The vehicle is that part of the paint that carries the pigment. It may consist of oils or varnishes. Drying oils that are used in paint vehicles have the property of converting from a liquid to a solid state when exposed to the oxygen of the air. The paint vehicle thus dries and hardens when it contacts the air. The resulting hard film holds the pigment on the painted surface.

Perhaps the most common thinners for paint are either water or turpentine. These are added to thin the paint to the proper viscosity or thickness for easy spreading on a surface. Although thinners, too, might be considered part of the vehicle, they function somewhat differently in a paint. They begin to evaporate after application of the paint on a surface, leaving the film-forming material exposed for permanent drying.

Paint additives often include compounds of lead, manganese or cobalt. These accelerate the drying of the paint.

How Paint Is Made

Paint is basically a dispersion of colored pigments in a vehicle or liquid medium. The paint maker prepares a rather heavy paste by mixing together dry pigments and a portion of the vehicle. This process might be compared with what a housewife does when she mixes ingredients with her mechanical mixer, perhaps in preparing cake batter. In paint making the mixing cycle is continued until a fluid but somewhat lumpy paste is formed.

The next step requires what is known as grinding. A roller mill of steel cylinders that rotate against each other is frequently used for this. The purpose of the grinding is to pull the pigment particles apart so that each particle will be coated by the resinous vehicle. Another type of mill consists of a revolving drum partly filled with steel balls. By constantly revolving for many hours, the steel balls are able to disperse the pigment particles throughout the vehicle.

After the grinding process, the balance of the vehicle as well as the solvent thinners are added. Also, driers often are added at this time. But when the enclosed steel-ball mill is used, all ingredients generally are included from the beginning. Of course, with the development of water-base paints new types of equipment are used for dispersing pigments and liquids. Tinting of the batch comes next, adding just the proper amount of color to give the batch the exact shade desired. Finally, the paint is moved to automatic machines that fill, cover and code the containers.

The Colors to Use

Since all of us enjoy pleasant surroundings, it will be of interest to consider how you might add pleasantness to your home by employing that colorful coating—paint. Home decorators usually choose colors that will complement other articles in a room, such as those in furniture, rugs or draperies.

Light colors in a small room will create an impression of size, a point to remember when decorating apartments. A continuous flow of neutral tints through several rooms adds an air of spaciousness, inviting one to accent these tints with colorful rugs, cushions or pictures. Keep in mind, though, that an excessive number of colors in any one room can give a cluttered look.

Here are additional helpful hints: Tints of yellow, peach and rose are warm colors. They create a comfortable and mellow charm in rooms facing north and east. Greens and blues in their pastel tones are pages from the marvelous creation around us. One can just feel the cool, relaxing atmosphere imparted by these colors in rooms facing south and west. Rich, bright colors, such as reds and oranges, are exciting colors. But a word of caution. One might tire of them easily. They have a stimulating effect, often reflecting youthful personality or that of one who likes change. Therefore, they often can be suited to the bedrooms of children.

When choosing colors, remember that when a paint is spread over a large area it will appear darker than it does on a small color sample. Therefore, select a lighter shade and it will probably be the color you desire when it is applied to a wall. Also, since colors change under artificial light, it is wise to observe color samples both in daylight and in night light.

Selecting the Proper Coating

Paint is made in a number of finishes, ranging from a high gloss to a flat finish. Generally a low gloss or flat finish will give the most pleasing appearance on a large surface. Flat paints have a greater proportion of pigment to binder, hence they have a rougher finish that scatters the light in all directions. Thus, fewer surface irregularities will show when using a flat paint. However, flat finishes have the shortcoming of being more subject to soiling, and are more difficult to clean.

Thus, if frequent cleaning is necessary, as in a kitchen, bathroom, hallway, or in cupboards and on wood trim, it would be practical to apply a semigloss or highgloss paint. Semigloss would seem to be a compromise that will afford ease of cleaning and will not reflect too many surface imperfections.

In living rooms and bedrooms, a pleasing appearance often overshadows serviceability. Hence a home decorator might choose a flat finish. In the closets, though, where there might be a tendency to mark up the walls, a semigloss paint will make for easier cleaning and a brighter appearance. But since a flat paint has more hiding power and thus often requires but one coat, this is something to consider if time and cost are factors.

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