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Also see: Bolt’s 200m Record

This problem is introduced because “loud guns” are still employed at the Olympics Games. These are starting guns that fire blank cartridges, creating a loud “bang” to alert athletes of the start.
Although sound travels through air very quickly, it does have a finite speed, meaning that the runners closest to the gun will hear the blast first. This becomes especially significant in races such as the 4x100m relay, where the starters are staggered around the first turn of the track. Scientists have calculated that the sound of the gun in such a race will reach the outermost runner 0.150 seconds after it reaches the innermost runner. This is a big deal in sprinting – amounting to a meter or more at the finish line. Furthermore, the sound of the gun is louder when it arrives at the closer runners’ ears. Scientists at the University of Alberta have found that a louder signal is more likely to lead to a startle response in runners, lowering their reaction time by up to 0.018 seconds.

Most modern track events now place loudspeakers behind the blocks of each runner. These loudspeakers are designed to all give a tone at precisely the same moment, and the gun that the starting official holds is actually silent, producing no sound of its own. This technique guarantees that each runner will hear the start tone at the same moment as the other runners. Although these loudspeakers are employed at the Olympics, a silent gun is not used, and researchers have found that the runners actually respond to the sound of the gun when both are available.

The effects of this phenomenon were confirmed at the 2004 Athens Olympics. Researchers at the University of Indiana found that the runners in the outside lanes were slower out of the blocks by the amount predicted by the speed of sound.

The problem could reach even further than expected, as a bad start will often affect an athlete’s entire race. Runners may tense up and perform worse after a relatively poor start.

The International Association of Athletics Federations says is is aware of this problem and is developing new standards to correct it. Yet, amazingly, it sees no need to make emergency changes before the Beijing Olympics.

The average human walking speed is in the neighborhood of 3 mph (4.8 km/h). How fast do you think you could run at a full sprint? 10 mph? 15 mph? What speed could you average over 26.2 miles?

Below, I have taken several men’s and women’s world records and calculated the runners’ average speed. Usain Bolt has averaged over 23 miles per hour in both the 100 and 200 meter events.

Men’s World Records Translated Into Average Speeds

Womens’s World Records Translated Into Average Speeds

It’s interesting to note that the 60 meter race has a slower average speed for both men and women than the 100 meter race. This must be because accelerating at the start of a race takes some time.

These world records were last updated on May 5, 2010.

Michael Johnson 200m World Record

1996 – Atlanta Olympics – 19.32 seconds – Johnson DOMINATES

Update: On August 20, 2008 Usain Bolt broke this record by 0.02 seconds

Michael Johnson 400m World Record

1999 – Sevilla, Spain – 43.18 seconds – Johnson DOMINATES

USA 4x400m World Record

1998 – New York City – 2:54.20 – Jerome Young, Antonio Pettigrew, Tyree Washington, and Michael Johnson DOMINATE

You can’t call him humble, but he did win. A lot. This is the same man who had “GOAT” tattooed on his arm – an acronym for “Greatest Of All Time”. Greene announced in February that he was retiring at age 33 and not competing at Beijing. His indoor 60m world record (6.39 s) still stands.

Marathoner’s Check List

1. Carbo load.
2. Drink water.
3. Avoid embarrassing untimely bowel evacuation.
4. Refrain from sobbing breakdown at mile 21.
5. Feign lucidity at finish line.

U.S. Olympic Trials Men’s 800m Finals

Before this incident Tyson Gay qualified for the Olympics by winning the 100-meter finals. He is also expected to participate in the 4x100m relay if he is healthy. At this point, Gay insists that he will be ready in August, saying that he’ll “be 100 percent for the 100 and 400 relay”.

U.S. Olympic Trials Women’s 1500m Finals